Surely Sure"ly adverb 1. In a sure or certain manner; certainly; infallibly; undoubtedly; assuredly. In the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die.
Gen. ii. 17. He that created something out of nothing, surely can raise great things out of small.
South. 2. Without danger; firmly; steadly; securely. He that walketh uprightly walketh surely .
Prov. x. 9.
Surement Sure"ment noun A making sure; surety. [ Obsolete]
Every surement and every bond.
Chaucer.
Sureness Sure"ness noun The state of being sure; certainty. For more sureness he repeats it.
Woodward. The law holds with equal sureness for all right action.
Emerson.
Suresby Sures"by noun [ Etymol. uncertain. See
Rudesby .]
One to be sure of, or to be relied on. [ Obsolete]
There is one which is suresby , as they say, to serve, if anything will serve.
Bradford.
Suretiship Sure"ti·ship noun Suretyship. Prov. xi. 15.
Surety Sure"ty noun ;
plural Sureties . [ Middle English
seurte , Old French
seürté , French
sûreté . See
Sure ,
Security .]
1. The state of being sure; certainty; security. Know of a surety , that thy seed shall be a stranger in a land that is not theirs.
Gen. xv. 13. For the more surety they looked round about.
Sir P. Sidney. 2. That which makes sure; that which confirms; ground of confidence or security. [ We] our happy state
Hold, as you yours, while our obedience holds;
On other surety none.
Milton. 3. Security against loss or damage; security for payment, or for the performance of some act. There remains unpaid
A hundred thousand more; in surety of the which
One part of Aquitaine is bound to us.
Shak. 4. (Law) One who is bound with and for another who is primarily liable, and who is called the principal ; one who engages to answer for another's appearance in court, or for his payment of a debt, or for performance of some act; a bondsman; a bail. He that is surety for a stranger shall smart for it.
Prov. xi. 15. 5. Hence, a substitute; a hostage. Cowper. 6. Evidence; confirmation; warrant. [ Obsolete]
She called the saints to surety ,
That she would never put it from her finger,
Unless she gave it to yourself.
Shak.
Surety Sure"ty transitive verb To act as surety for. [ Obsolete]
Shak.
Suretyship Sure"ty·ship noun The state of being surety; the obligation of a person to answer for the debt, default, or miscarriage of another. Bouvier.
Surf Surf noun [ Formerly spelled
suffe , and probably the same word as English
sough .]
The swell of the sea which breaks upon the shore, esp. upon a sloping beach. Surf bird (Zoology) ,
a ploverlike bird of the genus Aphriza , allied to the turnstone. --
Surf clam (Zoology) ,
a large clam living on the open coast, especially Mactra, or Spisula, solidissima . See Mactra . --
Surf duck (Zoology) ,
any one of several species of sea ducks of the genus Oidemia , especially O. percpicillata ; -- called also surf scoter . See the Note under Scoter . --
Surf fish (Zoology) ,
any one of numerous species of California embiotocoid fishes. See Embiotocoid . --
Surf smelt .
(Zoology) See Smelt . --
Surf whiting .
(Zoology) See under Whiting .
Surf Surf noun The bottom of a drain. [ Prov. Eng.]
Surface Sur"face` noun [ French See
Sur- , and
Face , and confer
Superficial .]
1. The exterior part of anything that has length and breadth; one of the limits that bound a solid, esp. the upper face; superficies; the outside; as, the surface of the earth; the surface of a diamond; the surface of the body. The bright surface of this ethereous mold.
Milton. 2. Hence, outward or external appearance. Vain and weak understandings, which penetrate no deeper than the surface .
V. Knox. 3. (Geom.) A magnitude that has length and breadth without thickness; superficies; as, a plane surface ; a spherical surface . 4. (Fort.) That part of the side which is terminated by the flank prolonged, and the angle of the nearest bastion. Stocqueler. Caustic surface ,
Heating surface ,
etc. See under Caustic , Heating , etc. --
Surface condensation ,
Surface condenser .
See under Condensation , and Condenser . --
Surface gauge (Machinery) ,
an instrument consisting of a standard having a flat base and carrying an adjustable pointer, for gauging the evenness of a surface or its height, or for marking a line parallel with a surface. --
Surface grub (Zoology) ,
the larva of the great yellow underwing moth ( Triphœna pronuba ). It is often destructive to the roots of grasses and other plants. --
Surface plate (Machinery) ,
a plate having an accurately dressed flat surface, used as a standard of flatness by which to test other surfaces. --
Surface printing ,
printing from a surface in relief, as from type, in distinction from plate printing , in which the ink is contained in engraved lines.
Surface Sur"face transitive verb [
imperfect & past participle Surfaced ;
present participle & verbal noun Surfacing .]
1. To give a surface to; especially, to cause to have a smooth or plain surface; to make smooth or plain. 2. To work over the surface or soil of, as ground, in hunting for gold.
Surface loading Sur"face load`ing (Aëronautics) The weight supported per square unit of surface; the quotient obtained by dividing the gross weight, in pounds, of a fully loaded flying machine, by the total area, in square feet, of its supporting surface.
Surface tension Sur"face ten"sion (Physics) That property, due to molecular forces, which exists in the surface film of all liquids and tends to bring the contained volume into a form having the least superficial area. The thickness of this film, amounting to less than a thousandth of a millimeter, is considered to equal the radius of the sphere of molecular action, that is, the greatest distance at which there is cohesion between two particles. Particles lying below this film, being equally acted on from all sides, are in equilibrium as to forces of cohesion, but those in the film are on the whole attracted inward, and tension results.
Surfacer Sur"fa·cer noun A form of machine for dressing the surface of wood, metal, stone, etc.
Surfboat Surf"boat` noun (Nautical) A boat intended for use in heavy surf. It is built with a pronounced sheer, and with a view to resist the shock of waves and of contact with the beach.
Surfeit Sur"feit noun [ Middle English
surfet , Old French
surfait ,
sorfait , excess, arrogance, crime, from
surfaire ,
sorfaire , to augment, exaggerate, French
surfaire to overcharge;
sur over +
faire to make, do, Latin
facere . See
Sur- , and
Fact .]
1. Excess in eating and drinking. Let not Sir Surfeit sit at thy board.
Piers Plowman. Now comes the sick hour that his surfeit made.
Shak. 2. Fullness and oppression of the system, occasioned often by excessive eating and drinking. To prevent surfeit and other diseases that are incident to those that heat their blood by travels.
Bunyan. 3. Disgust caused by excess; satiety. Sir P. Sidney. Matter and argument have been supplied abundantly, and even to surfeit .
Burke.
Surfeit Sur"feit intransitive verb 1. To load the stomach with food, so that sickness or uneasiness ensues; to eat to excess. They are as sick that surfeit with too much as they that starve with nothing.
Shak. 2. To indulge to satiety in any gratification.
Surfeit Sur"feit transitive verb [
imperfect & past participle Surfeited ;
present participle & verbal noun Surfeiting .]
1. To feed so as to oppress the stomach and derange the function of the system; to overfeed, and produce satiety, sickness, or uneasiness; -- often reflexive; as, to surfeit one's self with sweets. 2. To fill to satiety and disgust; to cloy; as, he surfeits us with compliments. V. Knox.
Surfeit-water Sur"feit-wa`ter noun Water for the cure of surfeits. [ Obsolete]
Locke.
Surfeiter Sur"feit·er noun One who surfeits. Shak.
Surfel, Surfle Sur"fel, Sur"fle transitive verb [ Confer
Sulphur .]
To wash, as the face, with a cosmetic water, said by some to be prepared from the sulphur. [ Obsolete]
She shall no oftener powder her hair, [ or] surfel her cheeks, . . . but she shall as often gaze on my picture.
Ford.
Surfer Surf"er noun (Zoology) The surf duck. [ U. S.]
Surfman Surf"man noun ;
plural Surmen One who serves in a surfboat in the life-saving service.
Surfoot Sur"foot` adjective Tired or sore of foot from travel; lamed. [ Obsolete]
Nares.
Surfy Surf"y adjective Consisting of, abounding in, or resembling, surf; as, a surfy shore. Scarce had they cleared the surfy waves
That foam around those frightful caves.
Moore.
Surge Surge noun [ Latin
surgere ,
surrectum , to raise, to rise;
sub under +
regere to direct: confer Old French
surgeon ,
sourgeon , fountain. See
Regent , and confer
Insurrection ,
Sortie ,
Source .]
1. A spring; a fountain. [ Obsolete] "Divers
surges and springs of water."
Ld. Berners. 2. A large wave or billow; a great, rolling swell of water, produced generally by a high wind. He that doubteth is like the surge of the sea driven by the wind and tossed.
James i. 6 (Rev. Ver.) He flies aloft, and, with impetuous roar,
Pursues the foaming surges to the shore.
Dryden. 3. The motion of, or produced by, a great wave. 4. The tapered part of a windlass barrel or a capstan, upon which the cable surges, or slips.
Surge Surge intransitive verb 1. To swell; to rise hifg and roll. The surging waters like a mountain rise.
Spenser. 2. (Nautical) To slip along a windlass.
Surge Surge transitive verb [
imperfect & past participle Surged ;
present participle & verbal noun Surging .] [ Confer French
surgir to cast anchor, to land. Confer
Surge ,
noun ]
(Nautical) To let go or slacken suddenly, as a rope; as, to surge a hawser or messenger; also, to slacken the rope about (a capstan).
Surgeful Surge"ful adjective Abounding in surges; surgy. "Tossing the
surgeful tides."
Drayton.
Surgeless Surge"less adjective Free from surges; smooth; calm.
Surgent Sur"gent adjective [ Latin
surgens , present participle]
Rising; swelling, as a flood. [ R.]
Robert Greene.
Surgeon Sur"geon noun [ Middle English
surgien , Old French
surgien , contr. from
chirurgien . See
Chirurgeon .]
1. One whose profession or occupation is to cure diseases or injuries of the body by manual operation; one whose occupation is to cure local injuries or disorders (such as wounds, dislocations, tumors, etc.), whether by manual operation, or by medication and constitutional treatment. 2. (Zoology) Any one of numerous species of chætodont fishes of the family Teuthidæ , or Acanthuridæ , which have one or two sharp lancelike spines on each side of the base of the tail. Called also surgeon fish , doctor fish , lancet fish , and sea surgeon . Surgeon apothecary ,
one who unites the practice of surgery with that of the apothecary. Dunglison. --
Surgeon dentist ,
a dental surgeon; a dentist. --
Surgeon fish .
See def. 2, above. --
Surgeon general .
(a) In the United States army, the chief of the medical department. (b) In the British army, a surgeon ranking next below the chief of the medical department.
Surgeoncy Sur"geon·cy noun The office or employment of a surgeon, as in the naval or military service.
Surgeonry Sur"geon·ry noun Surgery. [ Obsolete]
Surgery Sur"ge·ry noun [ Middle English
surgenrie ,
surgerie ; confer Old French
cirurgie , French
chirurgie , Latin
chirurgia , Greek .... See
Surgeon .]
1. The art of healing by manual operation; that branch of medical science which treats of manual operations for the healing of diseases or injuries of the body; that branch of medical science which has for its object the cure of local injuries or diseases, as wounds or fractures, tumors, etc., whether by manual operation or by medicines and constitutional treatment. 2. A surgeon's operating room or laboratory.
Surgical Sur"gi·cal adjective Of or pertaining to surgeons or surgery; done by means of surgery; used in surgery; as, a surgical operation; surgical instruments. Surgical fever .
(Medicine) (a) Pyæmia. (b) Traumatic fever, or the fever accompanying inflammation.
Surgically Sur"gi·cal·ly adverb By means of surgery.
Surgy Sur"gy adjective Rising in surges or billows; full of surges; resembling surges in motion or appearance; swelling. "Over the
surgy main."
Pope.
Suricat Su"ri·cat noun [ French
surikate , from the native name in South Africa.]
(Zoology) Same as Zenick . [ Written also
suricate ,
surikate .]
Surinam toad Su`ri·nam" toad" (Zoology) A species of toad native of Surinam. See Pipa .
Surintendant Sur`in·tend"ant noun [ French See
Superintendent .]
Superintendent. [ R.]
Surlily Sur"li·ly adverb In a surly manner.
Surliness Sur"li·ness noun The quality or state of being surly.
Surling Sur"ling noun [ See
Surly .]
A sour, morose fellow. [ Obsolete]
Camden.
Surloin Sur"loin` noun [ French
surlonge ;
sur upon +
longe loin. See
Sur- , and
Loin .]
A loin of beef, or the upper part of the loin. See Sirloin , the more usual, but not etymologically preferable, orthography.
Surly Sur"ly adjective [
Compar. Surlier ;
superl. Surliest .] [ Probably from
sir , and originally meaning,
sirlike , i.e., proud. See
Sir , and
Like ,
adjective ]
1. Arrogant; haughty. [ Obsolete]
Cotgrave. 2. Gloomily morose; ill-natured, abrupt, and rude; severe; sour; crabbed; rough; sullen; gloomy; as, a surly groom; a surly dog; surly language; a surly look. "That
surly spirit, melancholy."
Shak. 3. Rough; dark; tempestuous. Now softened into joy the surly storm.
Thomson.
Surmark Sur"mark` noun (Shipbuilding) A mark made on the molds of a ship, when building, to show where the angles of the timbers are to be placed. [ Written also
sirmark .]
Surmisable Sur·mis"a·ble adjective Capable of being surmised; as, a surmisable result.
Surmisal Sur·mis"al noun Surmise. [ R.]
Milton.
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