Surmise Sur·mise" noun [ Old French surmise accusation, from surmettre , past participle surmis , to impose, accuse; sur (see Sur- ) + mettre to put, set, Latin mittere to send. See Mission .] 1. A thought, imagination, or conjecture, which is based upon feeble or scanty evidence; suspicion; guess; as, the surmisses of jealousy or of envy.

[ We] double honor gain
From his surmise proved false.

Milton.

No man ought to be charged with principles he actually disowns, unless his practicies contradict his profession; not upon small surmises .

Swift.

2. Reflection; thought. [ Obsolete] Shak.

Syn. -- Conjecture; supposition; suspicion; doubt.

Surmise Sur·mise" transitive verb [ imperfect & past participle Surmised ; present participle & verbal noun Surmising .] To imagine without certain knowledge; to infer on slight grounds; to suppose, conjecture, or suspect; to guess.

It wafted nearer yet, and then she knew
That what before she but surmised , was true.

Dryden.

This change was not wrought by altering the form or position of the earth, as was surmised by a very learned man, but by dissolving it.

Woodward.

Surmiser Sur·mis"er noun One who surmises.

Surmising Sur·mis"ing adjective & noun from Surmise , v.

Surmount Sur·mount" transitive verb [ imperfect & past participle Surmounted ; present participle & verbal noun Surmounting .] [ Middle English sourmounten , Old French surmonter , sormonter , French surmonter ; sur over + monter to mount. See Sur- , and Mount , intransitive verb ] 1. To rise above; to be higher than; to overtop.

The mountains of Olympus, Athos, and Atlas, overreach and surmount all winds and clouds.

Sir W. Raleigh.

2. To conquer; to overcome; as, to surmount difficulties or obstacles. Macaulay.

3. To surpass; to exceed. Spenser.

What surmounts the reach
Of human sense I shall delineate.

Milton.

Syn. -- To conquer; overcome; vanquish; subdue; surpass; exceed.

Surmountable Sur·mount"a·ble adjective [ Confer French surmontable .] Capable of being surmounted or overcome; superable. -- Sur*mount"a*ble*ness , noun

Surmounted Sur·mount"ed adjective 1. (Architecture) Having its vertical height greater than the half span; -- said of an arch.

2. (Her.) Partly covered by another charge; -- said of an ordinary or other bearing.

Surmounter Sur·mount"er noun One who, or that which, surmounts.

Surmullet Sur·mul"let noun [ French surmulet ; saur , saure , brownish yellow, red + mulet a mullet. See Sorrel , adjective , and Mullet .] (Zoology) Any one of various species of mullets of the family Millidæ , esp. the European species ( Millus surmulletus ), which is highly prized as a food fish. See Mullet .

Surmulot Sur"mu·lot noun [ French] (Zoology) The brown, or Norway, rat.

Surname Sur"name` noun [ Prefix sur + name ; really a substitution for Middle English sournoun , from French surnom . See Sur- , and Noun , Name .] 1. A name or appellation which is added to, or over and above, the baptismal or Christian name, and becomes a family name.

» Surnames originally designated occupation, estate, place of residence, or some particular thing or event that related to the person; thus, Edmund Ironsides ; Robert Smith , or the smith ; William Turner . Surnames are often also patronymics; as, John Johnson .

2. An appellation added to the original name; an agnomen. "My surname , Coriolanus." Shak.

» This word has been sometimes written sirname , as if it signified sire -name, or the name derived from one's father.

Surname Sur·name" transitive verb [ imperfect & past participle Surnamed ; present participle & verbal noun Surnaming .] [ Confer French surnommer .] To name or call by an appellation added to the original name; to give a surname to.

Another shall subscribe with his hand unto the Lord, and surname himself by the name of Israel.

Isa. xliv. 5.

And Simon he surnamed Peter.

Mark iii. 16.

Surnominal Sur·nom"i·nal adjective Of or pertaining to a surname or surnames.

Suroxidate Sur·ox"i·date transitive verb (Chemistry) To combine with oxygen so as to form a suroxide or peroxide. [ Obsolete]

Suroxide Sur·ox"ide noun [ Confer French suroxyde . See Sur- , and Oxide .] (Chemistry) A peroxide. [ Obsolete]

Surpass Sur·pass" transitive verb [ imperfect & past participle Surpassed ; present participle & verbal noun Surpassing .] [ French surpasser ; sur over + passer to pass. See Sur- , and Pass .] To go beyond in anything good or bad; to exceed; to excel.

This would surpass
Common revenge and interrupt his joy.

Milton.

Syn. -- To exceed; excel; outdo; outstrip.

Surpassable Sur·pass"a·ble adjective That may be surpassed.

Surpassing Sur·pass"ing adjective Eminently excellent; exceeding others. "With surpassing glory crowned." Milton. -- Sur*pass"ing*ly , adverb -- Sur*pass"ing*ness , noun

Surphul Sur"phul transitive verb To surfel. [ Obsolete] Marston.

Surplice Sur"plice noun [ French surplis , Old French surpeiz , Late Latin superpellicium ; super over + pellicium , pelliceum , a robe of fur, Latin pellicius made of skins. See Pelisse .] (Eccl.) A white garment worn over another dress by the clergy of the Roman Catholic, Episcopal, and certain other churches, in some of their ministrations.

Surplice fees (Eccl.) , fees paid to the English clergy for occasional duties.

Surpliced Sur"pliced adjective Wearing a surplice.

Surplus Sur"plus noun [ French, from sur over + plus more. See Sur- , and Plus , and confer Superplus .] 1. That which remains when use or need is satisfied, or when a limit is reached; excess; overplus.

2. Specifically, an amount in the public treasury at any time greater than is required for the ordinary purposes of the government.

Surplus Sur"plus adjective Being or constituting a surplus; more than sufficient; as, surplus revenues; surplus population; surplus words.

When the price of corn falleth, men give over surplus tillage, and break no more ground.

Carew.

Surplusage Sur"plus·age noun [ See Surplus , and confer Superplusage .] 1. Surplus; excess; overplus; as, surplusage of grain or goods beyond what is wanted.

Take what thou please of all this surplusage .

Spenser.

A surplusage given to one part is paid out of a reduction from another part of the same creature.

Emerson.

2. (Law) Matter in pleading which is not necessary or relevant to the case, and which may be rejected.

3. (Accounts) A greater disbursement than the charge of the accountant amounts to. [ Obsolete] Rees.

Surprisal Sur·pris"al noun [ See Surprise , noun ] The act of surprising, or state of being surprised; surprise.

How to secure the lady from surprisal .

Milton.

Because death is uncertain, let us prevent its surprisal .

Barrow.

Surprise Sur·prise" noun [ French surprise , from surprendre , surpris ; sur over + prendre to take, Latin prehendere . See Sur- , and Prehensile .] 1. The act of coming upon, or taking, unawares; the act of seizing unexpectedly; surprisal; as, the fort was taken by surprise .

2. The state of being surprised, or taken unawares, by some act or event which could not reasonably be foreseen; emotion excited by what is sudden and strange; a suddenly excited feeling of wonder or astonishment.

Pure surprise and fear
Made me to quit the house.

Shak.

3. Anything that causes such a state or emotion.

4. A dish covered with a crust of raised paste, but with no other contents. [ Obsolete] King.

Surprise party , a party of persons who assemble by mutual agreement, and without invitation, at the house of a common friend. [ U.S.] Bartlett.

Syn. -- Wonder; astonishment; amazement.

Surprise Sur·prise" transitive verb [ imperfect & past participle Surprised ; present participle & verbal noun Surprising .] [ From Surprise , noun : confer French surprendre , past participle surpris .] 1. To come or fall suddenly and unexpectedly; to take unawares; to seize or capture by unexpected attack.

Fearfulness hath surprised the hypocrites.

Isa. xxxiii. 14.

The castle of Macduff I will surprise .

Shak.

Who can speak
The mingled passions that surprised his heart?

Thomson.

2. To strike with wonder, astonishment, or confusion, by something sudden, unexpected, or remarkable; to confound; as, his conduct surprised me.

I am surprised with an uncouth fear.

Shak.

Up he starts,
Discovered and surprised .

Milton.

3. To lead (one) to do suddenly and without forethought; to bring (one) into some unexpected state; -- with into ; as, to be surprised into an indiscretion; to be surprised into generosity.

4. To hold possession of; to hold. [ Obsolete]

Not with me,
That in my hands surprise the sovereignity.

J. Webster.

Syn. -- See Astonish .

Surprisement Sur·prise"ment noun Surprisal. [ Obsolete] Daniel.

Surpriser Sur·pris"er noun One who surprises.

Surprising Sur·pris"ing adjective Exciting surprise; extraordinary; of a nature to excite wonder and astonishment; as, surprising bravery; a surprising escape from danger. -- Sur*pris"ing*ly , adverb -- Sur*pris"ing*ness , noun

Syn. -- Wonderful; extraordinary; unexpected; astonishing; striking.

Surquedous, Surquedrous Sur"que·dous, Sur"que·drous adjective Having or exhibiting surquedry; arrogant; insolent. [ Obsolete] Gower. James II. of Scot.

Surquedry, Surquidry Sur"que·dry, Sur"qui·dry noun [ Old French surcuidier to presume; sur over + cuidier to think, Latin cogitare . See Sur- , and Cogitate .] Overweening pride; arrogance; presumption; insolence. [ Obsolete] Chaucer.

Then pay you the price of your surquedry .

Spenser.

Surrebound Sur`re·bound" intransitive verb To give back echoes; to reëcho. [ Obsolete] Chapman.

Surrebut Sur`re·but" intransitive verb [ Prefix sur + rebut .] (Law) To reply, as a plaintiff to a defendant's rebutter.

Surrebuter Sur`re·but"er noun (Law) The reply of a plaintiff to a defendant's rebutter.

Surrein Sur"rein` transitive verb [ Prefix sur + rein .] To override; to exhaust by riding. [ Obsolete] Shak.

Surrejoin Sur`re·join" intransitive verb [ Prefix sur + rejoin .] (Law) To reply, as a plaintiff to a defendant's rejoinder.

Surrejoinder Sur`re·join"der noun (Law) The answer of a plaintiff to a defendant's rejoinder.

Surrender Sur·ren"der transitive verb [ imperfect & past participle Surrendered ; present participle & verbal noun Surrendering .] [ Old French surrendre to deliver; sur over + rendre to render. See Sur- , and Render .] 1. To yield to the power of another; to give or deliver up possession of (anything) upon compulsion or demand; as, to surrender one's person to an enemy or to an officer; to surrender a fort or a ship.

2. To give up possession of; to yield; to resign; as, to surrender a right, privilege, or advantage.

To surrender up that right which otherwise their founders might have in them.

Hooker.

3. To yield to any influence, emotion, passion, or power; -- used reflexively; as, to surrender one's self to grief, to despair, to indolence, or to sleep.

4. (Law) To yield; to render or deliver up; to give up; as, a principal surrendered by his bail, a fugitive from justice by a foreign state, or a particular estate by the tenant thereof to him in remainder or reversion.

Surrender Sur·ren"der intransitive verb To give up one's self into the power of another; to yield; as, the enemy, seeing no way of escape, surrendered at the first summons.

Surrender Sur·ren"der noun 1. The act of surrendering; the act of yielding, or resigning one's person, or the possession of something, into the power of another; as, the surrender of a castle to an enemy; the surrender of a right.

That he may secure some liberty he makes a surrender in trust of the whole of it.

Burke.

2. (Law) (a) The yielding of a particular estate to him who has an immediate estate in remainder or reversion. (b) The giving up of a principal into lawful custody by his bail. (c) The delivery up of fugitives from justice by one government to another, as by a foreign state. See Extradition . Wharton.

Surrender Sur·ren"der noun (Insurance) The voluntary cancellation of the legal liability of the company by the insured and beneficiary for a consideration (called the surrender value ).

Surrenderee Sur·ren`der·ee" noun (Law) The person to whom a surrender is made. Mozley & W.

Surrenderer Sur·ren"der·er noun One who surrenders.

Surrenderor Sur·ren`der·or" noun (Law) One who makes a surrender, as of an estate. Bouvier.

Surrendry Sur·ren"dry noun Surrender. [ Obsolete]

Surreption Sur·rep"tion noun [ Latin surreptio , or subreptio . Confer Subreption .] 1. The act or process of getting in a surreptitious manner, or by craft or stealth.

Fame by surreption got
May stead us for the time, but lasteth not.

B. Jonson.

2. A coming unperceived or suddenly.

Surreptitious Sur`rep·ti"tious adjective [ Latin surreptitius , or subreptitius , from surripere , subripere , to snatch away, to withdraw privily; sub- under + rapere to snatch. See Sub- , and Ravish .] Done or made by stealth, or without proper authority; made or introduced fraudulently; clandestine; stealthy; as, a surreptitious passage in an old manuscript; a surreptitious removal of goods. -- Sur`rep*ti"tious*ly , adverb

Surrey Sur"rey noun A four-wheeled pleasure carriage, (commonly two-seated) somewhat like a phaeton, but having a straight bottom.

Surrogate Sur"ro·gate noun [ Latin surrogatus , past participle of surrogare , subrogare , to put in another's place, to substitute; sub under + rogare to ask, ask for a vote, propose a law. See Rogation , and confer Subrogate .] 1. A deputy; a delegate; a substitute.

2. The deputy of an ecclesiastical judge, most commonly of a bishop or his chancellor, especially a deputy who grants marriage licenses. [ Eng.]

3. In some States of the United States, an officer who presides over the probate of wills and testaments and yield the settlement of estates.

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