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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


gastromyxorrhoea
Excessive secretion of mucus in the stomach. ... Synonym: myxorrhoea gastrica. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Myxa, mucus, + rhoia, a flow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastronesteostomy
Synonym: gastrojejunostomy. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Nestis, jejunum, + stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrooesophageal
<anatomy> Pertaining to the stomach and oesophagus, as the gastrooesophageal junction. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

gastrooesophageal reflux disease
<gastroenterology> A disorder where a backwash of gastric juices (acid) into the oesophagus lead to inflammation and pain. ... Symptoms include heartburn, indigestion, increased belching and upper abdominal pain. Complications include oesophageal stricture. ... Treatment is with antacids, H2 antagonists and proton pump inhibitors. ... Synonym: r …

gastropagus
Conjoined twins united at the abdomen. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Origin: Gastro-+ -pagus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastropancreatic folds
The folds of peritoneum in the omental bursa that encase the hepatic and left gastric arteries as these vessels pass toward their destinations. ... Synonym: plicae gastropancreaticae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroparalysis
Paralysis of the muscular coat of the stomach. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroparasitus
Unequal conjoined twins in which the incomplete parasite is attached to, or within, the abdomen of the autosite. ... See: conjoined twins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroparesis
<gastroenterology> A condition where there is delayed stomach emptying (due abnormal gastric motility), often see as a complication of diabetes mellitus. Risk factors include diabetes, systemic sclerosis, previous vagotomy, previous gastrectomy, viceral neuropathy and the use of anticholinergic medications. ... Symptoms include bloating, nause …

gastropathic
Denoting gastropathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastropathy
Any disease of the stomach. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Pathos, disease ... Hypertrophic hypersecretory gastropathy, nodular thickenings of gastric mucosa with acid hypersecretion and frequently peptic ulceration, not associated with a gastrin-secreting tumour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastropexy
Attachment of the stomach to the abdominal wall or diaphragm. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Pexis, fixation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gastrophilidae
Synonym for Gasterophilidae ... A family of botflies (or warble flies) that produce enteric myiasis in members of the horse family (genus Gasterophilus), in rhinoceroses (genus Gyrostigma), and in elephants (genera Cobboldia, Platycobboldia, and Rodhainomyia) ... Synonym: Gastrophilidae. ... Origin: G. Gaster, belly, stomach, + philos, fond ... (05 Mar …

Gastrophilus
Synonym for Gasterophilus ... A genus of botflies (horse botflies or warble flies) that cause enteric myiasis in domestic and wild horses and other equids. The bee-like adult attaches eggs to the hairs of the legs or body of the horse; infective eggs hatch when contacted by the lips of the horse, and the larvae attach to, penetrate, and are swallowe …

gastrophrenic ligament
<anatomy> The portion of the greater omentum that extends from the greater curvature of the stomach to the inferior surface of the diaphragm. ... Synonym: ligamentum gastrophrenicum, gastrodiaphragmatic ligament, phrenogastric ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroplasty
Surgical treatment of the stomach or lower oesophagus used to decrease the size of the stomach. The procedure is used mainly in the treatment of morbid obesity and to correct defects in the lower oesophagus or the stomach. Different procedures employed include vertical (mesh) banded gastroplasty, silicone elastomer ring vertical gastroplasty and ho …

gastroplication
An operation for reducing the size of the stomach by suturing a longitudinal fold with the peritoneal surfaces in apposition. ... Synonym: gastroptyxis, gastrorrhaphy, stomach reefing. ... Origin: Gastro-+ L. Plico, to fold ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastropneumonic
Synonym: pneumogastric. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Pneumon, lung ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastropod
A member of the largest class of phylum Mollusca. Characteristics generally include: a foot upon which the rest of the body (called the visceral mass) sits, a well-developed head, a protective one-piece shell, and body torsion - where most of the visceral mass is twisted anticlockwise 180 degrees so that the back end of the animal is positioned ove …

gastropoda
<zoology> One of the classes of Mollusca, of great extent. It includes most of the marine spiral shells, and the land and fresh water snails. They generally creep by means of a flat, muscular disk, or foot, on the ventral side of the body. The head usually bears one or two pairs of tentacles. See Mollusca. ... Alternative forms: Gasteropoda.
gastroptosis
Gastroptosia ... Downward displacement of the stomach. ... Synonym: bathygastry, descensus ventriculi, ventroptosis, ventroptosia. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Ptosis, a falling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroptyxis
Synonym: gastroplication. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Ptyxis, a fold ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastropulmonary
Synonym for pneumogastric ... <anatomy> Of or pertaining to the lungs and the stomach. ... The pneumogastric nerve. ... <anatomy> Pneumogastric nerve, one of the tenth pair of cranial nerves which are distributed to the pharynx, oesophagus, larynx, lungs, heart, stomach, liver, and spleen, and, in fishes and many amphibia, to the branchial …

gastropylorectomy
Synonym for pylorectomy ... <procedure> Excision of the pylorus. ... Synonym: gastropylorectomy, pylorogastrectomy. ... Origin: pylor-+ G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastropyloric
Relating to the stomach as a whole and to the pylorus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrorrhagia
Haemorrhage from the stomach. ... Synonym: gastric haemorrhage. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Rhegnymi, to burst forth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrorrhaphy
1. Suture of a perforation of the stomach. ... Synonym: gastroplication. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Rhaphe, a stitching ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrorrhexis
A tear or bursting of the stomach. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Rhexis, a bursting ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrorrhoea
Excessive secretion of gastric juice or of mucus (gastromyxorrhoea) by the stomach. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Rhoia, a flow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroschisis
A defect in the abdominal wall resulting from rupture of the amniotic membrane during physiological gut-loop herniation or, later, owing to delayed umbilical ring closure; usually accompanied by protrusion of viscera. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Schisis, a fissure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroscopic
Relating to gastroscopy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrospasm
Spasmodic contraction of the walls of the stomach. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrospirillum
A genus of gram-negative, spiral-shaped bacteria that is pathogenic and has been isolated from the gastric mucosa of mammals, including humans. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gastrospirillum hominis
A species of gram-negative, spiral-shaped bacteria found in the gastric mucosa that is associated with chronic antral gastritis. This bacterium was first discovered in samples removed at endoscopy from patients investigated for helicobacter pylori colonization. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gastrosplenic ligament
<anatomy> The portion of the greater omentum that lies between the greater curvature of the stomach and the hilum of the spleen. ... Synonym: ligamentum gastrosplenicum, ligamentum gastrolienale, gastrolienal ligament, gastrosplenic omentum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrosplenic omentum
Synonym for gastrosplenic ligament ... <anatomy> The portion of the greater omentum that lies between the greater curvature of the stomach and the hilum of the spleen. ... Synonym: ligamentum gastrosplenicum, ligamentum gastrolienale, gastrolienal ligament, gastrosplenic omentum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrostaxis
Rarely used term for oozing of blood from the mucous membrane of the stomach. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Staxis, trickling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrostenosis
Diminution in size of the cavity of the stomach. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Stenosis, narrowing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrostogavage
Synonym for gavage ... 1. Forced feeding by stomach tube. ... Synonym: gastrogavage, gastrostogavage. ... 2. Therapeutic use of a high-potency diet administered by stomach tube. ... Origin: Fr. Gaver, to gorge fowls ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrostolavage
Lavage of the stomach through a gastric fistula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrostomy tube insertion
A surgical procedure to insert a tube into the stomach for purposes of nutrition. In this procedure, a small incision is made in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen while the patient is under general anaesthesia (can also be performed with a local anaesthetic). A thin flexible catheter is inserted into the stomach and then stitched in place. ... …

gastrothoracopagus
Conjoined twins united at thorax and abdomen. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Thorax, chest, + pagos, something fixed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrotome
A knife for incising the stomach. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrotonometer
An apparatus used in gastrotonometry. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrotonometry
The measurement of intragastric pressure. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Tonos, tension, + metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrotoxic
Poisonous to the stomach. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrotoxin
A cytotoxin specific for the cells of the mucous membrane of the stomach. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrotropic
Affecting the stomach. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Tropikos, turning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroxia
Rarely used term for gastroxynsis. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Oxys, keen, acid ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroxynsis
Rarely used term for intermittent excessive secretion of the gastric juice. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Oxyno, to make sharp, acid ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrula
Embryonic stage of an animal when gastrulation occurs, follows blastula stage. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

gastrulation
<embryology> During embryonic development of most animals a complex and co-ordinated series of cellular movements occurs at the end of cleavage. The details of these movements, gastrulation, vary from species to species, but usually result in the formation of the three primary germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

gatc
An abbreviation which stands for the four nitrogenous bases that are found in DNA: Guanine, Adenine, Thymine, and Cytosine. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Gatch
Willis D., U.S. Surgeon, 1878-1961. ... See: Gatch bed. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gatch bed
A bed with divided sections for independent elevation of a patient's head and knees. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gate
1. A way; a path; a road; a street (as in Highgate). 'I was going to be an honest man; but the devil has this very day flung first a lawyer, and then a woman, in my gate.' (Sir W. Scott) ... 2. Manner; gait. ... Origin: Icel. Gata; akin to SW. Gata street, lane, Dan. Gade, Goth. Gatwo, G. Gasse. Cf. Gate a door, Gait. ... 1. A large door or passageway …

gate-control hypothesis
Synonym for gate-control theory ... A theory to explain the mechanism of pain; small fibre afferent stimuli, particularly pain, entering the substantia gelatinosa can be modulated by large fibre afferent stimuli and descending spinal pathways so that their transmission to ascending spinal pathways is blocked (gated). ... Synonym: gate-control hypothe …

gate-control theory
A theory to explain the mechanism of pain; small fibre afferent stimuli, particularly pain, entering the substantia gelatinosa can be modulated by large fibre afferent stimuli and descending spinal pathways so that their transmission to ascending spinal pathways is blocked (gated). ... Synonym: gate-control hypothesis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gated blood pool imaging
Radionuclide ventriculography where scintigraphic data is acquired during repeated cardiac cycles at specific times in the cycle, using an electrocardiographic synchroniser or gating device. Analysis of right ventricular function is difficult with this technique; that is best evaluated by first-pass ventriculography (ventriculography, first-pass).< …

gated ion channel
<physiology> Transmembrane proteins of excitable cells, that allow a flux of ions to pass only under defined circumstances. Channels may be either voltage gated, such as the sodium channel of neurons or ligand gated such as the acetylcholine receptor of cholinergic synapses. Channels tend to be relatively ion specific and allow fluxes of typi …

gatekeeper
A health professional, typically a physician or nurse, who has the first encounter with a patient and who thus controls the patient's entry into the health care system. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gather
1. To come together; to collect; to unite; to become assembled; to congregate. 'When small humors gather to a gout.' (Pope) 'Tears from the depth of some divine despair Rise in the heart, and gather to the eyes.' (Tennyson) ... 2. To grow larger by accretion; to increase. 'Their snowball did not gather as it went.' (Bacon) ... 3. To concentrate; to c …

gathering
Assembling; collecting; used for gathering or concentrating. Gathering board, a table or board on which signatures are gathered or assembled, to form a book. Gathering coal, a lighted coal left smothered in embers over night, about which kindling wood is gathered in the morning. Gathering hoop, a hoop used by coopers to draw together the ends of ba …

gating
1. In a biological membrane, the opening and closing of a channel, believed to be associated with changes in integral membrane proteins. ... 2. A process in which electrical signals are selected by a gate, which passes such signals only when the gate pulse is present to act as a control signal, or passes only the signals that have certain characteri …

gating current
<physiology> Small currents in the membrane just prior to the increase in ionic permeability, due to the movement of charged particles within the membrane. ... So called because they open the gates for current flow through ion channels. ... (20 Mar 1998) ...

gating mechanism
Occurrence of the maximum refractory period among cardiac conducting cells approximately 2 mm proximal to the terminal Purkinje fibres in the ventricular muscle, beyond which the refractory period is shortened through a sequence of Purkinje cells, transitional cells, and muscular cells; gating mechanism may be a cause of ventricular aberration, bid …

Gaucher cells
Large, finely and uniformly vacuolated cell's derived from the reticuloendothelial system, and found especially in the spleen, lymph nodes, liver, and bone marrow of patients with Gaucher's disease; Gaucher cell's contain kerasin (a cerebroside), which accumulates as a result of a genetically determined absence of the enzyme glucosylceramidase. ... …

gaucher disease
<radiology> Cerebroside lipidosis, autosomal recessive, abnormal accumulation of glucocerebroside, RE system: liver, spleen, lymph nodes, CNS neurons, skeletal disorders, avascular necrosis, Erlenmeyer flask deformity, resorption of trabeculae, lytic/sclerotic changes, hepatosplenomegaly Cf: Niemann-Pick disease ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Gaucher disorder
Synonym for Gaucher's disease ... <disease> A chronic congenital disease of lipid metabolism caused by a deficiency of the beta-glucocerebrosidase enzyme. The defect is most common in Ashkenazi Jews. Clinical features are hepatosplenomegaly (enlargement of liver and spleen) and in severe early onset forms of the disease, with neurological dysf …

Gaucher, Philippe
<person> French physician, 1854-1918. ... See: Gaucher cells, Gaucher's disease, pseudo-Gaucher cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gaucher's disease
<disease> A chronic congenital disease of lipid metabolism caused by a deficiency of the beta-glucocerebrosidase enzyme. The defect is most common in Ashkenazi Jews. Clinical features are hepatosplenomegaly (enlargement of liver and spleen) and in severe early onset forms of the disease, with neurological dysfunction. ... Inheritance: autosoma …

gaucher's disease, type 1
A progressive genetic disease caused by a defect in an enzyme. The enzyme, called glucocerebrosidase, is needed to break down the chemical glucocerebroside. The enzyme defect in persons with Gaucher's disease (GD) leads to the accumulation of glucocerebroside in the spleen, liver, and lymph nodes. The most common early sign is enlargement of the sp …

gaudy
One of the large beads in the rosary at which the paternoster is recited. ... (20 Mar 1998) ...

Gauer, Otto
<person> German physiologist, 1909-1979. ... See: Henry-Gauer response. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gauge
1. A measure; a standard of measure; an instrument to determine dimensions, distance, or capacity; a standard. 'This plate must be a gauge to file your worm and groove to equal breadth by.' (Moxon) 'There is not in our hands any fixed gauge of minds.' (I. Taylor) ... 2. Measure; dimensions; estimate. 'The gauge and dimensions of misery, depression, …

gauge pressure
Pressure measured relative to ambient atmospheric pressure; at sea level, it is 1 atm less than the pressure in the atmosphere. ... Compare: absolute pressure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gaultheria oil
Synonym for methyl salicylate ... Aromatic methyl ester of salicylic acid, produced synthetically or distilled from Gaultheria procumbens (family Ericaceae) or from Betula lenta (family Betulaceae). ... Used as a component of liniments, used externally and internally for the treatment of various forms of rheumatismit produces heat when rubbed into th …

gaultherin
A glycoside from the bark of several species of Betula (birch); it yields methyl salicylate, d-glucose, and d-xylose on hydrolysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gauntlet
A glove. ... See: bandage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gauntlet bandage
A figure-of-8 bandage covering the hand and fingers. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gauss
A unit of magnetic field intensity, equal to 10-4 tesla. ... Abbreviation: G ... Origin: J.K.F. Gauss ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gauss points
<microscopy> The points on the optical axis of a lens through which the principal planes pass. ... Origin: Named after Karl Friedrich Gauss. ... (20 Mar 1998) ...

Gauss, Carl Friedrich
<person> German mathematician, astronomer and physicist who defined the unit of magnetic field strength (CGS units) 10,000 gauss = 1 tesla ... Lived: 1777-1855. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

Gauss, Johann
<person> German physicist, 1777-1855. ... See: gauss, gaussian curve, gaussian distribution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gauss, Karl
<person> German gynecologist, 1875-1957. ... See: Gauss' sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gauss' sign
<clinical sign> Marked mobility of the uterus in the early weeks of pregnancy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gaussel, A
<person> French physician, 1871-1937. ... See: Grasset-Gaussel phenomenon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gaussian
Relating to or described by Johann Gauss. ... See: gaussian curve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gaussian curve
Synonym for normal distribution ... Continuous frequency distribution of infinite range. Its properties are as follows: 1) continuous, symmetrical distribution with both tails extending to infinity; 2) arithmetic mean, mode, and median identical; and 3) shape completely determined by the mean and standard deviation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gaussian distribution
Synonym for normal distribution ... Continuous frequency distribution of infinite range. Its properties are as follows: 1) continuous, symmetrical distribution with both tails extending to infinity; 2) arithmetic mean, mode, and median identical; and 3) shape completely determined by the mean and standard deviation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gauze
A bleached cotton cloth of plain weave, used for dressings, bandages, and absorbent sponges; petrolatum gauze is saturated with petrolatum. ... Origin: Fr. Gaze, fr. Ar. Gazz, raw silk ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gavage
1. Forced feeding by stomach tube. ... Synonym: gastrogavage, gastrostogavage. ... 2. Therapeutic use of a high-potency diet administered by stomach tube. ... Origin: Fr. Gaver, to gorge fowls ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gavard, Hyacinthe
<person> French anatomist, 1753-1802. ... See: Gavard's muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gavard's muscle
<anatomy> Oblique fibres in the muscular coat of the stomach. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gaverick
<ornithology> The European red gurnard (Trigla cuculus). ... (20 Mar 1998) ...

gavial
<zoology> A large Asiatic crocodilian (Gavialis Gangeticus); called also nako, and Gangetic crocodile. ... The gavial has a long, slender muzzle, teeth of nearly uniform size, and feet completely webbed. It inhabits the Ganges and other rivers of India. The name is also applied to several allied fossil species. ... Origin: Hind. Ghariul: cf. F. …

gay
1. Excited with merriment; manifesting sportiveness or delight; inspiring delight; livery; merry. 'Belinda smiled, and all the world was gay.' (Pope) 'Gay hope is theirs by fancy fed.' (Gray) ... 2. Brilliant in colours; splendid; fine; richly dressed. 'Why is my neighbor's wife so gay?' (Chaucer) 'A bevy of fair women, richly gay In gems and wanton …

gay bowel syndrome
<syndrome> Gastrointestinal discomfort experienced by homosexual males; includes abdominal pain, cramps, bloating, flatulence, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhoea caused by enteric bacteria, viruses, fungi, zooparasites, or trauma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gay-Lussac, Joseph
<person> French naturalist, 1778-1850. ... See: Gay-Lussac's equation, Gay-Lussac's law. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gay-Lussac's equation
The overall chemical equation for alcoholic fermentation; C6H12O6 = 2CO2 + 2CH3CH2OH. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...