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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

gentian root
See: gentian. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gentian violet
<chemical> A dye occuring as a dark green powder or greenish glistening pieces having a metallic luster, with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties, applied topically in the treatment of infections of the skin and muscous membranes associated with gram-positive bacteria and molds, and administered orally in pinworm and liver …

gentianophil
Gentianophile ... Staining readily with gentian violet. ... Synonym: gentianophilous. ... Origin: Gentian + G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gentianophilous
Synonym for gentianophil ... Gentianophile ... Staining readily with gentian violet. ... Synonym: gentianophilous. ... Origin: Gentian + G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gentianophobic
Not taking a gentian violet stain, or taking it poorly. ... Origin: Gentian + G. Phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gentile
One of a non-Jewish nation; one neither a Jew nor a Christian; a worshiper of false gods; a heathen. ... The Hebrews included in the term goyim, or nations, all the tribes of men who had not received the true faith, and were not circumcised. The Christians translated goyim by the L. Gentes, and imitated the Jews in giving the name gentiles to all na …

gentiobiase
Synonym for beta-d-glucosidase ... A glucohydrolase similar to alpha-d-glucosidase, but attacking beta-glucosides and releasing beta-d-glucose. ... Synonym: amygdalase, cellobiase, gentiobiase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gentiobiose
<biochemistry> A disaccharide sugar molecule with the chemical formula C12H22O11 which is found naturally in plants. It can be broken into two D-glucose molecules under a hydrolysis reaction. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

gentisic acid
2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid; 5-hydroxysalicylic acid;this compound is chemically related to salicylate and aspirin (acetylsalicylate) and shares with the latter agent analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gentle
1. Well-born; of a good family or respectable birth, though not noble. 'British society is divided into nobility, gentry, and yeomanry, and families are either noble, gentle, or simple.' (Johnson's Cyc) 'The studies wherein our noble and gentle youth ought to bestow their time.' (Milton) ... 2. Quiet and refined in manners; not rough, harsh, or ster …

gentleman
Origin: OE. Gentilman nobleman; gentil noble + man man; cf. F. Gentilhomme. ... 1. A man well born; one of good family; one above the condition of a yeoman. ... 2. One of gentle or refined manners; a well-bred man. ... 3. One who bears arms, but has no title. ... 4. The servant of a man of rank. 'The count's gentleman, one Cesario.' (Shak) ... 5. A man, …

genu capsulae internae
Synonym for genu of internal capsule ... The obtuse angle, opening laterally in the horizontal plane, formed by the union of the two limbs (crus anterius and crus posterius) of the internal capsule. ... Synonym: genu capsulae internae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genu corporis callosi
Synonym for genu of corpus callosum ... The anterior extremity of the corpus callosum that folds downward and backward on itself, terminating in the rostrum. ... Synonym: genu corporis callosi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genu nervi facialis
Synonym for genu of facial nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> The curve which the fibres of the root of the facial nerve describe around the abducens nucleus in the pontine tegmentum; the internal genu of the facial nerve. ... Synonym: genu nervi facialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genu of corpus callosum
The anterior extremity of the corpus callosum that folds downward and backward on itself, terminating in the rostrum. ... Synonym: genu corporis callosi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genu of facial canal
A sharp bend in the facial canal where the geniculate ganglion is located. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genu of facial nerve
<anatomy, nerve> The curve which the fibres of the root of the facial nerve describe around the abducens nucleus in the pontine tegmentum; the internal genu of the facial nerve. ... Synonym: genu nervi facialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genu of internal capsule
The obtuse angle, opening laterally in the horizontal plane, formed by the union of the two limbs (crus anterius and crus posterius) of the internal capsule. ... Synonym: genu capsulae internae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genu recurvatum
Hyperextension of the knee, the lower extremity having a forward curvature. ... Synonym: back-knee. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genu valgum
A deformity marked by lateral angulation of the leg in relation to the thigh. ... Synonym: knock-knee, tibia valga. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genu varum
A deformity marked by medial angulation of the leg in relation to the thigh; an outward bowing of the legs. ... Synonym: bandy-leg, bowleg, bow-leg, tibia vara. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genual
Relating to the knee. ... Origin: L. Genu, knee ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genucubital position
Synonym for knee-elbow position ... A prone position resting on the knees and elbows, assumed for gynecologic or rectal examination or operation. ... Synonym: genucubital position. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genupectoral position
Synonym for knee-chest position ... A prone posture resting on the knees and upper part of the chest, assumed for gynecologic or rectal examination. ... Synonym: genupectoral position. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genus
<zoology> The second most specific taxonomic level, includes closely related species. Interbreeding between organisms within the same genus can occur. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

genus-group
<zoology> The taxonomic categories genus and subgenus. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

genyantrum
Synonym: maxillary sinus. ... Origin: G. Genys, cheek, + antron, cave ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geo-
The earth, soil. ... Origin: G. Ge, earth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geo-textile fabric
A mat made out of spun polypropylene used to suppress weeds or to control erosion while allowing free exchange of water and air. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

geocentrical
<astronomy> Having reference to the earth as center; in relation to or seen from the earth, usually opposed to heliocentric, as seen from the sun; as, the geocentric longitude or latitude of a planet. ... Having reference to the center of the earth. Geocentric latitude (of place) the angle included between the radius of the earth through the p …

geodesy
<mathematics> That branch of applied mathematics which determines, by means of observations and measurements, the figures and areas of large portions of the earth's surface, or the general figure and dimenshions of the earth; or that branch of surveying in which the curvature of the earth is taken into account, as in the surveys of States, or …

geographic
Synonym for geographical ... Of or pertaining to geography. Geographical distribution. See Distribution. Geographic latitude (of a place), the angle included between a line perpendicular or normal to the level surface of water at rest at the place, and the plane of the equator; differing slightly from the geocentric latitude by reason of the differe …

geographic choroidopathy
Bilateral acquired abnormality of retinal pigment epithelium and choroid in which irregular multiple progressive swelling is followed by atrophic scars in linear patterns. ... Synonym: helicoid choroidopathy, serpiginous choroidopathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geographic keratitis
Keratitis with coalescence of superficial lesions in herpes keratitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geographic locations
All of the continents and every country situated within, the united states and each of the constituent states arranged by region, canada and each of its provinces, Australia and each of its states, the major bodies of water and major islands on both hemispheres, and selected major cities. Although the geographic locations are not printed in index m …

geographic stippling of nails
Regularly arranged longitudinal stippling found commonly in psoriasis and occasionally in alopecia areata. ... See: nail pits. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geographic tongue
<clinical sign> A benign condition where there is a map-like appearance to the tongue resulting from irregular denuded patches in the surface (loss of tongue papillae). ... Likely secondary to local irritation from hot or spicy foods, alcohol or tobacco. There are no significant complications. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

geographical
Of or pertaining to geography. Geographical distribution. See Distribution. Geographic latitude (of a place), the angle included between a line perpendicular or normal to the level surface of water at rest at the place, and the plane of the equator; differing slightly from the geocentric latitude by reason of the difference between the earth's figu …

geography
Origin: F. Geographie, l. Geographia, fr. Gr., the earth + description, fr. To write, describe. See Graphic. ... 1. <study> The science which treats of the world and its inhabitants; a description of the earth, or a portion of the earth, including its structure, fetures, products, political divisions, and the people by whom it is inhabited. …

geolatry
The worship of the earth. The Geological Series. ... <study> The science of geology, as treating of the history of the globe, involves a description of the different strata which compose its crust, their order of succession, characteristic forms of animal and vegetable life, etc. The principal subdivisions of geological time, and the most impo …

geologic sediments
A mass of organic or inorganic solid fragmented material, or the solid fragment itself, that comes from the weathering of rock and is carried by, suspended in, or dropped by air, water, or ice. It refers also to a mass that is accumulated by any other natural agent and that forms in layers on the earth's surface, such as sand, gravel, silt, mud, fi …

geology
Origin: Gr, the earth: cf. F. Geologie. ... 1. The science which treats: Of the structure and mineral constitution of the globe; structural geology. Of its history as regards rocks, minerals, rivers, valleys, mountains, climates, life, etc.; historical geology. Of the causes and methods by which its structure, features, changes, and conditions have …

geomedicine
The science concerned with the influence of climatic and environmental conditions on health and disease. ... Synonym: nosochthonography, nosogeography. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geometric isomer
<chemistry> Geometric or also called cis-trans isomers are stereoisomers in molecules with restricted rotation about a bond. ... Cycloalkanes and alkenes form cis-trans isomers due to the restriction of rotation about the double bond or due to the restriction in a ring. In order for an alkene to freely rotate, the pi bond must be broken. ... Th …

geometric isomerism
A form of isomerism displayed by unsaturated or ring compounds where free rotation about a bond (usually a carbon-carbon bond) is restricted; e.g., the isomerism of a cis-or trans-compound as in oleic acid and elaidic acid. ... Compare: cis-, entgegen, trans-, zusammen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geometric mean
The mean calculated as the antilogarithm of the arithmetic mean of the logarithms of the individual values; it can also be calculated as the nth root of the product of n values. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geometric mean diameter
A measure of the central tendency of particle size composition of substrate materials sometimes used as an index of the quality of spawning gravels. Also referred to as D50 size. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

geometrical
Pertaining to, or according to the rules or principles of, geometry; determined by geometry; as, a geometrical solution of a problem. ... Geometric is often used, as opposed to algebraic, to include processes or solutions in which the propositions or principles of geometry are made use of rather than those of algebra. ... Geometrical is often used in …

geometrical distortion
<microscopy> A lens aberration in which the image is distorted relative to the object. ... See: aberration, barrel distortion, distortion, pincushion distortion. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

geometrical sense
One or other of two directions along a curve in which something is moving e.g., clockwise or counterclockwise. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geometrid
<zoology> Pertaining or belonging to the Geometridae. ... <zoology> One of numerous genera and species of moths, of the family Geometridae; so called because their larvae (called loopers, measuring worms, spanworms, and inchworms) creep in a looping manner, as if measuring. Many of the species are injurious to agriculture, as the cankerw …

geometry
Origin: F. Geometrie, L. Geometria, fr. Gr, fr. To measure land, the earth + to measure. So called because one of its earliest and most important applications was to the measurement of the earth's surface. See Geometer. ... 1. That branch of mathematics which investigates the relations, properties, and measurement of solids, surfaces, lines, and ang …

geomorphic
Pertaining to those processes that affect the form or shape of the surface of the earth. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

geopathology
The study of disease in relation to regions, climates, and other environmental influences. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geophagia
Geophagismgeophagy ... The practice of eating dirt or clay. ... Synonym: dirt-eating, earth-eating. ... Origin: Geo-+ G. Phago, to eat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geophilic
Terrestrial, soil inhabiting. ... Origin: Geo-+ G. Philos, love, attraction, + -ic ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Geophilus
A genus of centipedes, characterised by very large numbers of legs (47 to 67 pairs); includes Geophilus californius, Geophilus rubens, and Geophilus umbraticus, in the U.S. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geophyte
A plant whose perennating buds are buried in the soil. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Georgi
Walter, German bacteriologist, 1889-1920. ... See: Sachs-Georgi test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geotaxis
See: gravitaxis. The prefix gravi is preferable since the gravitational fields used as cues need not necessarily be the Earth's. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

geothermal energy
Energy derived from the natural heat of the Earth contained in hot rocks, hot water, hot brines or steam. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

geotrichosis
A rare fungal infection of the mouth, respiratory tract, and digestive tract which can cause skin, bronchial, mouth, lung, and/or intestinal lesions. It is caused by fungi in the genus Geotrichum ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

geotrichum
Geotrichum is a genus of fungi which can cause a number of diseases, including geotrichosis. The fungi can contaminate grains, fruits, dairy products, paper, textiles, soil and water. They can usually be found on human skin, but do not normally cause problems. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

geotropic
Describes the response of plants toward the pull of gravity. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

geotropism
Synonym for gravitropism ... Directional growth of a plant organ in response to a gravitational field roots grow downwards, shoots grow upwards. Achieved by differential growth on the sides of the root or shoot. A gravitation field is thought to be sensed by sedimentation of statoliths (starch grains) in root caps. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

geoweb
A plastic mesh with a honeycomb pattern which is buried to help retain soil against the eroding action of wind or water. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

gephyrin
<protein> Peripheral membrane protein of the cytoplasmic face of the glycinergic synapses in the spinal cord. Is thought to interact with the glycine receptors and also with microtubules. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

gephyrophobia
<psychology> Fear of crossing a bridge. ... Origin: G. Gephyra, bridge, + phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gepirone
A nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytic which resembles buspirone both chemically and pharmacologically. Acts on serotonergic receptors rather than benzodiazepine receptors. Lacks dependence-producing properties and tolerance of benzodiazepine-type agents. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Geraghty
John T., U.S. Physician, 1876-1924. ... See: Geraghty's test, Rowntree and Geraghty test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Geraghty's test
Synonym for phenolsulfonphthalein test ... An obsolete test for renal function; after the patient has drunk a glass or two of water, 1 ml of a 0.6% solution of dye is injected hypodermically; the time between this injection and the appearance of a pink tinge in the urine as it falls into an alkaline solution is noted; the amount excreted in each of …

geraniol
An olefinic terpene alcohol that is the principal constituent of oil of rose and oil of palmarosa; also found in many other volatile oils, such as citronella and lemon grass. An isomer of linalool; an oily liquid with sweet rose odour used in perfumery. Also used as an insect attractant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geraniol 10-hydroxylase
<enzyme> Catalyses the conversion of geraniol to 10-hydroxygeraniol; a cytochrome p-450 enzyme ... Registry number: EC 1.14.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

geranium
1. <botany> A genus of plants having a beaklike tours or receptacle, around which the seed capsules are arranged, and membranous projections, or stipules, at the joints. most of the species have showy flowers and a pungent odour. Called sometimes crane's-bill. ... 2. <botany> A cultivated pelargonium. ... Many plants referred to the genus …

geranoylation
The geranoyl group is a linear sequence of 2 isoprene residues. The term geranoyl geranoyl is used for the common unit of 4 residues. ... See: polyisoprenylation. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

geranyl pyrophosphate
A key intermediate in the biosynthesis of sterols, dolichols, ubiquinone, and prenylated proteins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geranylgeraniol kinase
<enzyme> A membrane-bound enzyme that catalyses the monophosphorylation of geranylgeraniol; isolated from sulfolobus acidocaldarius ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- ... Synonym: ggoh kinase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

geranylgeranyl phosphate kinase
<enzyme> Cytosolic enzyme that catalyses phosphorylation of geranylgeraniol phosphate to yield geranylgeranyl diphosphate; isolated from sulfolobus acidocaldarius ... Registry number: EC 2.7.4.- ... Synonym: ggp kinase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate
A key intermediate in the biosynthesis of many terpenes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geratology
Synonym for gerontology ... The scientific study of the process and problems of aging. ... Synonym: geratology. ... Origin: Geronto-+ G. Logos, study ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gerbich antigen
glycophorin C ...

gerbil
A name applied to any of 13 genera of small rodents (subfamily Gerbillinae) from Africa and Asia; they resemble jerboas or kangaroo rats and can survive without drinking water. ... Origin: Mod. L. Gerbillus, fr. Arab. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gerbillinae
A subfamily of the muridae consisting of several genera including gerbillus, rhombomys, tatera, meriones, and psammomys. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Gerbode defect
<cardiology, embryology> A defect in the interventricular portion of the membranous septum, associated with a communication between the right ventricle and the right atrium through an abnormality in the tricuspid valve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gerbode, Frank
<person> ... See: Gerbode defect. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

GERD
Stands for GastroEsophageal Reflux Disease, a disorder in which there is recurrent return of stomach contents back up into the oesophagus, frequently causing heartburn, a symptom of irritation of the oesophagus by stomach acid. This can lead to scarring and stricture of the oesophagus, which can require stretching (dilating).10% of patients with GE …

Gerdy, Pierre
<person> A French surgeon, 1797-1856. ... See: Gerdy's fibres, Gerdy's fontanel, Gerdy's hyoid fossa, Gerdy's ligament, Gerdy's interatrial loop, Gerdy's tubercle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gerdy's fibres
Synonym for superficial transverse metacarpal ligament ... <anatomy> A thickening of the deep fascia in the most distal part of the (base) of the triangular palmar aponeurosis. ... Synonym: ligamentum metacarpale transversum superficiale, Gerdy's fibres, ligamentum natatorium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gerdy's fontanel
Synonym for sagittal fontanel ... An occasional fontanel-like defect in the sagittal suture in the newborn. ... Synonym: Gerdy's fontanel. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gerdy's hyoid fossa
Synonym for carotid triangle ... A space bounded by the superior belly of the omohyoid muscle, anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid, and posterior belly of the digastric; it contains the bifurcation of the common carotid artery. ... Synonym: trigonum caroticum, fossa carotica, Gerdy's hyoid fossa, Malgaigne's fossa, Malgaigne's triangle, superi …

Gerdy's interatrial loop
<cardiology, embryology> A muscular fasciculus in the interatrial septum of the heart, passing backward from the atrioventricular groove. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gerdy's ligament
Synonym for suspensory ligament of axilla ... The continuation of the clavipectoral fascia downward to attach to the axillary fascia; it maintains the characteristic hollow of the armpit. ... Synonym: Campbell's ligament, Gerdy's ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gerdy's tubercle
<anatomy> A tubercle on the lateral side of the upper end of the tibia giving attachment to the iliotibial tract and some fibres of the tibialis anterior muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gerfalcon
Synonym for gyrfalcon ... <zoology> One of several species and varieties of large Arctic falcons, especially. Falco rusticolus and the white species F. Islandicus, both of which are circumpolar. The black and the gray are varieties of the former. ... Alternative forms: gerfalcon, gierfalcon, and jerfalcon. ... Origin: OE. Gerfaucon, OF. Gerfauco …

Gerhardt-Mitchell disease
Synonym for erythromelalgia ... Disease marked by paroxysmal, bilateral vasodilatation, particularly of the extremities, with burning pain, and increased skin temperature and redness. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Gerhardt-Semon law
<otolaryngology> An obsolete law formerly used to account for the position of an affected vocal cord or cords after injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve or nerves. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gerhardt, Charles
<person> A French chemist, 1816-1856. ... See: Gerhardt's test for urobilin in the urine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gerhardt. Carl
<person> A German physician, 1833-1902. ... See: Gerhardt's disease, Gerhardt's reaction, Gerhardt's sign, Gerhardt's test for acetoacetic acid, Gerhardt-Semon law. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gerhardt's disease
Synonym for erythromelalgia ... Disease marked by paroxysmal, bilateral vasodilatation, particularly of the extremities, with burning pain, and increased skin temperature and redness. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Gerhardt's reaction
Synonym for Gerhardt's test for acetoacetic acid ... In fresh urine a red colour develops upon addition of FeCl3; no colour develops if the urine has first been boiled; this test has low specificity and sensitivity. ... Synonym: Gerhardt's reaction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...