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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

gastricsin
Former term for a human peptidase now termed pepsin C. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastricus
Synonym: gastric. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrin
<hormone, protein> A group of peptide hormones secreted by the mucosal gut lining of some mammals in response to mechanical stress or high pH. When there is food in the stomach, these cells secrete gastrin. ... Gastrin then stimulates the stomach parietal cells to produce hydrochloric acid. Normally, as stomach pH lowers, gastrin secretion dec …

gastrin-releasing peptide
<hormone> A regulatory peptide (27 amino acids) thought to be the mammalian equivalent of bombesin. It elicits gastrin release and regulates gastric acid secretion and motor function. ... It causes bronchoconstriction and vasodilation in the respiratory tract and stimulates the growth and mitogenesis of cells in culture. Once released from ner …

gastrinase
<enzyme> Highly specific for the 34 amino acid gastrin ... Registry number: EC 3.4.99.- ... Synonym: gastrin-34 protease, gastrin-34 degrading enzyme ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

gastrinoma
<oncology, tumour> A tumour (gastrinoma) of the pancreatic islet cells that results in an over production of gastric acid, leading to fulminant ulceration of the oesophagus, stomach, duodenum and jejunum. Gastrinomas may also occur in the stomach, duodenum, spleen and regional lymph nodes. ... Treatment includes the use of H2 antagonists (for …

gastrins
A family of gastrointestinal peptide hormones that excite the secretion of gastric juices. They may also occur in the central nervous system where they are presumed to be neurotransmitters. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gastritis
<pathology> Inflammation of the stomach. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

gastritis cystica polyposa
Large sessile mucosal polyps arising in the stomach proximal to an old gastroenterostomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastritis fibroplastica
An obsolete term for gastritis with fibrosis and sclerosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastritis, atrophic
Chronic gastritis with mucosal atrophy. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gastritis, hypertrophic
Gastritis with hypertrophy of gastric mucosa folds. Symptoms include vomiting, diarrhoea, weight loss, excessive mucus secretion, and hypoproteinaemia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gastro-
<prefix> A combining form from the Gr, the stomach, or belly; as in gastrocolic, gastrocele, gastrotomy. ... (29 Oct 1998) ...

gastro-omental arteries
Synonym for gastroepiploic arteries ... Arteries which supply the stomach and greater omentum as the course along the greater curvature of the stomach. ... See: left gastroepiploic artery, right gastroepiploic artery. ... Synonym: gastro-omental arteries. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroacephalus
Unequal conjoined twins in which an acephalous parasite is attached to the abdomen of the autosite. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. A-priv. + kephale, head ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroadenitis
Synonym for gastradenitis ... Inflammation of the glands of the stomach. ... Synonym: gastroadenitis. ... Origin: Gastr-+ G. Aden, gland, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroalbumorrhoea
Loss of albumin into the stomach. ... Origin: Gastro-+ albumin, + G. Rhoia, flow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroamorphus
An included amorphous parasitic twin within the abdomen of the autosite. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Amorphos, unshapely ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroanastomosis
Anastomosis of the cardiac and antral segments of the stomach, for relief from marked hour-glass contraction of the stomach. ... Synonym: gastrogastrostomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroatonia
An obsolete term for loss of tone in the stomach musculature. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Atonia, languor ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroblennorrhoea
Excessive proliferation of mucus by the stomach. ... Origin: Gastro-+ blennorrhoea ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrocardiac
Relating to both the stomach and the heart. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrocardiac syndrome
<syndrome> Disturbances of the heart's action due to faulty action of the digestive system, especially of the stomach. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrocele
Hernia of a portion of the stomach. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Kele, hernia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrochronorrhoea
Excessive continuous gastric secretion. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Chronos, time (chronic), + rhoia, a flow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrocnemius
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, by two heads (lateral and medial) from the lateral and medial condyles of the femur; insertion, with soleus by tendo calcaneus into lower half of posterior surface of calcaneus; action, plantar flexion of foot; nerve supply, tibial. ... Synonym: musculus gastrocnemius, gastrocnemius. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrocolic fistula
A fistulous communication between the stomach and the colon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrocolic ligament
<anatomy> The major, apron-like portion of the greater omentum that extends between the stomach and the transverse colon. ... Synonym: ligamentum gastrocolicum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrocolic omentum
Synonym for greater omentum ... A peritoneal fold passing from the greater curvature of the stomach to the transverse colon, hanging like an apron in front of the intestines. ... Synonym: omentum majus, caul, cowl, epiploon, gastrocolic omentum, pileus, velum. ... Lesser omentum, a peritoneal fold passing from the margins of the porta hepatis and the …

gastrocolic reflex
A mass movement of the contents of the colon, frequently preceded by a similar movement in the small intestine, that sometimes occurs immediately following the entrance of food into the stomach. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrocolitis
Inflammation of both stomach and colon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrocoloptosis
Displacement downward of stomach and colon. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Kolon, colon, + ptosis, a falling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrocolostomy
<procedure> Establishment of a communication between stomach and colon. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Kolon, colon, + stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrocutaneous fistula
A fistula between the stomach and the skin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrocystoplasty
Augmentation of the bladder by a patch or piece of vascularised gastric tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrodialysis
Dialysis across the mucous membrane of the stomach. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrodiaphragmatic ligament
Synonym for gastrophrenic ligament ... <anatomy> The portion of the greater omentum that extends from the greater curvature of the stomach to the inferior surface of the diaphragm. ... Synonym: ligamentum gastrophrenicum, gastrodiaphragmatic ligament, phrenogastric ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gastrodiscoides hominis
A species of trematode sometimes found in the intestinal canal of man in India, Southeast Asia, and China; its normal host is the pig. ... Synonym: Gastrodiscus hominis. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Diskos, disk; L. Homo, gen. Hominis, man ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gastrodiscus hominis
Synonym for Gastrodiscoides hominis ... A species of trematode sometimes found in the intestinal canal of man in India, Southeast Asia, and China; its normal host is the pig. ... Synonym: Gastrodiscus hominis. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Diskos, disk; L. Homo, gen. Hominis, man ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroduodenal
<anatomy> Pertaining to or communicating with the stomach and duodenum, as a gastroduodenal fistula. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

gastroduodenal artery
<anatomy, artery> Origin, hepatic; terminal branches, right gastroepiploic, superior pancreaticoduodenal. ... Synonym: arteria gastroduodenalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroduodenal fistula
An abnormal opening between the stomach and the duodenum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroduodenal lymph nodes
Synonym for pyloric lymph nodes ... Group of nodes surrounding the pylorus, draining lymph into the right gastric or the right gastro-omental lymph nodes; it is divided into three smaller groups: suprapyloric lymph nodes, above the pylorus; subpyloric lymph nodes, below the pylorus; and retropyloric lymph nodes, behind the pylorus. ... Synonym: nodi …

gastroduodenal orifice
Synonym for pyloric orifice ... The opening between the stomach and the superior part of the duodenum. ... Synonym: ostium pyloricum, gastroduodenal orifice. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroduodenoscopy
Visualization of the interior of the stomach and duodenum by a gastroscope. ... Origin: Gastro-+ duodenum, + G. Skopeo, to view ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroduodenostomy
<procedure, surgery> A surgical procedure where the doctor creates a new connection between the stomach and the duodenum. This procedure may be performed in cases of stomach cancer or in the case of a malfunctioning pyloric valve. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

gastrodynia
Synonym: stomach ache. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Odyne, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroenteritis
<gastroenterology, pathology> An acute inflammation of the lining of the stomach and intestines, characterised by anorexia, nausea, diarrhoea, abdominal pain and weakness, which has various causes, including food poisoning due to infection with such organisms as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella species, consumption of ir …

gastroenteritis virus type A
Synonym for epidemic gastroenteritis virus ... A RNA virus, about 27 nm in diameter, which has not been cultured in vitro; it is the cause of epidemic nonbacterial gastroenteritis; at least five antigenically distinct serotypes have been recognised, including the Norwalk agent. These viruses are probably classified with the Caliciviruses in the fami …

gastroenteritis virus type B
Synonym for Rotavirus ... <virology> Genus of the Reoviridae having a double layered capsid and 11 double stranded RNA molecules in the genome. They have a wheel like appearance in the electron microscope and cause acute diarrhoeal disease in their mammalian and avian hosts. ... Probably the most important cause of severe dehydrating diarrhoea …

gastroenteritis virus, murine
A species of the coronavirus genus causing hepatitis in mice. Four strains have been identified as mhv 1, mhv 2, mhv 3, and mhv 4 (also known as jhm, which is neurotropic and causes disseminated encephalomyelitis with demyelination as well as focal liver necrosis). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gastroenteroanastomosis
Synonym for gastroenterostomy ... <procedure, surgery> A surgical procedure where the stomach in surgically connected to the small intestine. This may be performed in cases of obstructing cancers (for example pyloric carcinoma) of the gastrointestinal tract. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

gastroenterocolitis
Inflammatory disease involving the stomach and intestines. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Enteron, intestine, + kolon, colon, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroenterocolostomy
<procedure> Formation of direct communication between the stomach and the large and small intestines. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Enteron, intestine, + kolon, colon + stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroenterologist
<specialist> A medically qualified specialist in internal medicine who has subspecialised in the diseases of the digestive system, including the liver. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

gastroenterology
<study> The diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders affecting the stomach, intestines, and associated organs. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

gastroenteropathy
Any disorder of the alimentary canal. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Enteron, intestine, + pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroenteroplasty
Operative repair of defects in the stomach and intestine. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Enteron, intestine, + plasso, to form ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroenteroptosis
Downward displacement of the stomach and a portion of the intestine. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Enteron, intestine, + ptosis, a falling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroenterostomy
<procedure, surgery> A surgical procedure where the stomach in surgically connected to the small intestine. This may be performed in cases of obstructing cancers (for example pyloric carcinoma) of the gastrointestinal tract. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

gastroenterotomy
<procedure> Section into both stomach and intestine. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Enteron, intestine, + tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroepiploic arteries
Arteries which supply the stomach and greater omentum as the course along the greater curvature of the stomach. ... See: left gastroepiploic artery, right gastroepiploic artery. ... Synonym: gastro-omental arteries. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroepiploic veins
See: right gastroepiploic vein, left gastroepiploic vein. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroesophageal
Relating to both stomach and oesophagus. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Oisophagos, gullet (oesophagus) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroesophageal hernia
A hiatal hernia into the thorax. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroesophageal reflux
The return of stomach contents back up into the oesophagus This frequently causes heartburn because of irritation of the oesophagus by stomach acid. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can lead to scarring and stricture of the oesophagus, requiring stretching (dilating) of the oesophagus. 10% of patients with GERD develop Barrett's oesophagus wh …

gastroesophageal vestibule
The dilated aboral portion of the oesophagus, just above the cardiac orifice; usually it corresponds to the lumen of abdominal part of the oesophagus although its relation to the diaphragm is variable. ... Synonym: oesophagogastric vestibule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroesophagitis
Inflammation of the stomach and oesophagus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroesophagostomy
Synonym: oesophagogastrostomy. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Oisophagos, gullet (oesophagus), + stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrogastrostomy
Synonym for gastroanastomosis ... Anastomosis of the cardiac and antral segments of the stomach, for relief from marked hour-glass contraction of the stomach. ... Synonym: gastrogastrostomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrogavage
Synonym for gavage ... 1. Forced feeding by stomach tube. ... Synonym: gastrogavage, gastrostogavage. ... 2. Therapeutic use of a high-potency diet administered by stomach tube. ... Origin: Fr. Gaver, to gorge fowls ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrogenic
Deriving from or caused by the stomach. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrogenous diarrhoea
A diarrhoea that may occur in achylia gastrica, or that is caused by excess secretion of gastric and other intestinal juices. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrograph
An instrument for recording graphically the movements of the stomach. ... Synonym: gastrokinesograph. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Graphe, a writing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrohepatic omentum
lesser omentum ...

gastrohydrorrhoea
Excretion into the stomach of a large amount of watery fluid containing neither hydrochloric acid, chymosin nor pepsin ferments. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Hydor, water, + rhoia, a flow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroileac reflex
Opening of the ileocolic valve induced by entrance of food into the stomach. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroileitis
Inflammation of the alimentary canal in which the stomach and ileum are primarily involved. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastroileostomy
<procedure> A surgical joining of stomach to ileum; a technical error in which the ileum instead of jejunum is selected for the site of a gastrojejunostomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrointestinal
<anatomy> Pertaining to or communicating with the stomach and intestine, as a gastrointestinal fistula. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

gastrointestinal agents
Drugs used for their effects on the gastrointestinal system, as to control gastric acidity, regulate gastrointestinal motility and water flow, and improve digestion. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gastrointestinal bleeding
<gastroenterology> This describes any bleeding that may occur along the course of the gastrointestinal tract. ... This includes bleeding from the oesophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, large intestine, rectum or anus. ... (12 Jan 1998) ...

gastrointestinal contents
The residue of ingested substances in the gastrointestinal tract. Excludes natural secretions and feces. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gastrointestinal fistula
A fistulous tract connecting the stomach with the intestine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrointestinal haemorrhage
Bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gastrointestinal hormone
<endocrinology> A general term for any hormone which is secreted by some part of the digestive system for the purpose of aiding digestion. For example: gastrin. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

gastrointestinal hormones
Hormones that originate in and regulate motor and secretory activity of the digestive organs. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gastrointestinal tract
<anatomy> The gastrointestinal tract starts from the oral cavity and proceeds to the oesophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus. ... (12 Jan 1998) ...

gastrointestinal transit
Passage of food (sometimes in the form of a test meal) through the gastrointestinal tract as measured in minutes or hours. The rate of passage through the intestine is an indicator of small bowel function. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gastrojejunocolic
Referring to the stomach, jejunum, and colon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrojejunostomy
<procedure, surgery> A surgical procedure where the stomach in surgically connected to the jejunum (small intestine). This may be performed in cases of obstructing cancers (for example pyloric carcinoma) of the gastrointestinal tract. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

gastrokinesograph
Synonym: gastrograph. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Kinesis, motion, + graphe, a writing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrolavage
Lavage of the stomach. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrolienal
Synonym: gastrosplenic. ... Origin: Gastro-+ L. Lien, spleen ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrolienal ligament
Synonym for gastrosplenic ligament ... <anatomy> The portion of the greater omentum that lies between the greater curvature of the stomach and the hilum of the spleen. ... Synonym: ligamentum gastrosplenicum, ligamentum gastrolienale, gastrolienal ligament, gastrosplenic omentum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrolithiasis
Presence of one or more calculi in the stomach. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Lithos, stone + -iasis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrologist
A specialist in gastrology. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastrolysis
Division of perigastric adhesions. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Lysis, loosening ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastromegaly
1. Enlargement of the stomach. ... 2. Enlargement of the abdomen. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Megas (megal-), large ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gastromelus
A condition in which an individual has a supernumerary limb attached to the abdomen. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Melos, a limb ... (05 Mar 2000) ...