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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

Gay-Lussac's law
Synonym for Charles law ... All gases expand equally on heating, namely, 1/273.16 of their volume at 0°C for every degree Celsius. ... Synonym: Gay-Lussac's law. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gay, Alexander
<person> Russian anatomist, 1842-1907. ... See: Gay's glands. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gay's glands
Synonym for circumanal glands ... Large apocrine sweat glands surrounding the anus. ... Synonym: glandulae circumanales, Gay's glands. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gaylus-site
<chemical> A yellowish white, translucent mineral, consisting of the carbonates of lime and soda, with water. ... Origin: Named after Gay-Lussac, the French chemist. ... (20 Mar 1998) ...

gaytre
<botany> The dogwood tree. ... Origin: OE. Cf. Gatten tree. ... (20 Mar 1998) ...

gaze
The act of looking steadily at an object. ... Conjugate gaze, movement of both eyes with the visual axes parallel. ... Dysconjugate gaze, failure of the eyes to turn together in the same direction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gaze paretic nystagmus
A nystagmus occurring in partial gaze paralysis when an attempt is made to look in the direction of the gaze paresis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gazelle
<zoology> One of several small, swift, elegantly formed species of antelope, of the genus Gazella, especially. G. Dorcas; called also algazel, corinne, korin, and kevel. The gazelles are celebrated for the luster and soft expression of their eyes. ... Alternative forms: gazel. ... The common species of Northern Africa (Gazella dorcas); the Arab …

gazetteer
1. A writer of news, or an officer appointed to publish news by authority. ... 2. A newspaper; a gazette. ... 3. <geography> A geographical dictionary; a book giving the names and descriptions, etc, of many places. ... 4. An alphabetical descriptive list of anything. ... Origin: Cf. F. Gazetier. ... (20 Mar 1998) ...

GBG
Synonym for gonadal steroid-binding globulin ... A protein that transports 65% of the testosterone in plasma. ... Synonym: sex steroid-binding globulin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

GBH
Synonym for gamma benzene hexachloride ... <chemical> One of the purified isomers of hexachlorobenzene which is used as a scabicide and pediculicide applied topically to the skin in various lotions, creams, and shampoos; gamma benzene hexachloride can be absorbed through the skin. Resembles DDT in its actions but is less persistent. ... Incorre …

GC
<abbreviation> The guanine and cytosine base pair in polynucleic acids. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

GC box
<molecular biology> A binding site within the promoter region of cells from mammals which has the general nucleotide sequence of GGGCGG and where transcription factors will bind. ... (20 Mar 1998) ...

GC content
<molecular biology> The percentage of nitrogenous bases on a DNA molecule which are either guanine or cytosine (from a possibility of four different ones, also including adenine and thymine). ... See: AT content. ... (20 Mar 1998) ...

gCAP39
<molecular biology> Protein (40 kD) that binds to the barbed ends of microfilaments. Has considerable sequence homology with gelsolin and like gelsolin responds to calcium and to phosphoinositides. ... Widely distributed in mammalian cells and also secreted into plasma, though does not have a signal sequence. Not the same as capZ, though funct …

GCK-like kinase
<enzyme> Similar to human germinal centre kinase. ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- ... Synonym: glk kinase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

GCN2 protein kinase
<enzyme> From saccharomyces cerevisiae; has homology to eif-2alpha kinase ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

GD2 beta1,3-galactosyltransferase
<enzyme> Catalyses synthesis of gd1b from gd2, gm1 from gm2, and ga1 from ga2 gangliosides; genbank ab003478 ... Registry number: EC 2.4.1.- ... Synonym: gd2 beta1,3gal-t ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

GDP
Synonym for guanosine 5'-diphosphate ... Guanosine esterified at its 5' position with diphosphoric acid; bound tightly in microtubules. ... Acronym: GDP ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

GDP-mannose mannosyl hydrolase
<enzyme> Hydrolyzes GDP-mannose or GDP-glucose to GDP and respective hexose; has little or no activity on other nucleotides, dinucleotides, nucleotide sugars or sugar phosphates; member of the mutt family; mw about 18 kD; genbank l11721 ... Registry number: EC 3.2.1.- ... Synonym: e. Coli orf1.9 product, yefc gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

GDP-mannosyltransferase
<enzyme> Part of the acetan biosynthetic pathway; acec gene product from acetobacter xylinum; forms man-glu-glu-pp-prenol ... Registry number: EC 2.4.1.- ... Synonym: acec gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

GDP-ribosyl cyclase
<enzyme> Catalyses the conversion of ngd+ (the guanine analog of nad) to cyclic GDP-ribose ... Registry number: EC 3.2.2.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

GDPfucose synthetase
<chemical> Gdpmannose is converted to GDP-4-keto-6-deoxymannose by EC 4.2.1.47; the latter is then reduced by NADPH to GDPfucose ... Chemical name: synthetase, guanosine diphosphofucose ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

GDPmannose 3,5-epimerase
<enzyme> Reversible epimerises GDP-d-mannose to GDP-l-galactose ... Registry number: EC 5.1.3.18 ... Synonym: GDPmannose epimerase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

GDPmannose phosphorylase
Synonym for mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase ... <enzyme> A transferase that catalyses the transfer of GDP to the mannose of mannose-1-phosphate. ... Consider also the bifunctional enzyme, phosphomannose isomerase-guanosine diphospho-d-mannose pyrophosphorylase; rfbm has similarity to long-chain, iron-containing alcohol dehydrogenases …

Ge
Symbol for germanium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gear
1. Clothing; garments; ornaments. 'Array thyself in thy most gorgeous gear.' (Spenser) ... 2. Goods; property; household stuff. 'Homely gear and common ware.' (Robynson (More's Utopia)) ... 3. Whatever is prepared for use or wear; manufactured stuff or material. 'Clad in a vesture of unknown gear.' (Spenser) ... 4. The harness of horses or cattle; tra …

gearing
1. Harness. ... 2. <machinery> The parts by which motion imparted to one portion of an engine or machine is transmitted to another, considered collectively; as, the valve gearing of locomotive engine; belt gearing; especially, a train of wheels for transmitting and varying motion in machinery. Frictional gearing. See Frictional. Gearing chain, …

gecko
Origin: Cf. F. & G. Gecko; so called from the sound which the animal utters. ... <zoology> Any lizard of the family Geckonidae. The geckoes are small, carnivorous, mostly nocturnal animals with large eyes and vertical, elliptical pupils. Their toes are generally expanded, and furnished with adhesive disks, by which they can run over walls …

Gedoelstia
A genus of nasal botflies (family Oestridae) that includes the species Gedoelstia cristata and Gedoelstia haessleri which parasitise wildebeest, hartebeeste, and other African antelopes, and may also cause an ophthalmomyiasis in sheep and humans. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gedoelstiosis
Infection of herbivores and rarely man with larvae of flies of the genus Gedoelstia, causing ophthalmomyiasis in humans. ... Synonym: bulging eye disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geep
<zoology> The first chimera made in the U.S., created in 1985 at UC Davis. This animal is a cross between a goat and a sheep, the skeletal structure of its legs and skull are goatlike, but it has the general build of a sheep. Its coat is curly wool with scattered patches of short stiff hair. ... (06 Mar 1998) ...

gefarnate
<chemical> 5,9,13-trimethyl-4,8,12-tetradecatrienoic acid 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl ester. A water insoluble terpene fatty acid used in the treatment of gastrointestinal ulcers; it facilitates the healing and function of mucosal tissue. ... Pharmacological action: anti-ulcer agents. ... Chemical name: 4,8,12-Tetradecatrienoic acid, 5,9,13-tri …

Gehrig, Henry Louis
<person> U.S. Baseball player; 1903-1941, victim of Lou Gehrig's disease. ... See: Lou Gehrig's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Geigel, Richard
<person> German physician, 1859-1930. ... See: Geigel's reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Geigel's reflex
In the female, a contraction of the muscular fibres at the upper edge of Poupart's ligament on gently stroking the inner side of the thigh; analogue of the cremasteric reflex in males. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Geiger-Muller counter
<instrument> An instrument for measuring radioactivity by counting the emission of radioactive particles. ... It consists of a metallic cylinder, negatively charged, in a tube containing a fine, positively charged wire at its centre; radiations produce ionization of the gas molecules between the cylinder and the wire and result in an electrica …

Geiger-Muller tube
Synonym for Geiger-Muller counter ... <instrument> An instrument for measuring radioactivity by counting the emission of radioactive particles. ... It consists of a metallic cylinder, negatively charged, in a tube containing a fine, positively charged wire at its centre; radiations produce ionization of the gas molecules between the cylinder an …

Geiger, Hans
<person> German physicist, 1882-1945. ... See: Geiger-Muller counter, Geiger-Muller tube. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gel
Jelly like material formed by the coagulation of a colloidal liquid. Many gels have a fibrous matrix and fluid filled interstices: gels are viscoelastic rather than simply viscous and can resist some mechanical stress without deformation. ... Examples are the gels formed by large molecules such as collagen (and gelatin), agarose, acrylamide and star …

gel diffusion
Diffusion in a gel, as in the case of gel diffusion precipitin tests in which the immune reactants diffuse in agar. ... See: immunodiffusion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gel diffusion precipitin tests
Precipitin test's in which the immune precipitate forms in a gel medium (usually agar) into which one or both reactants have diffused; generally classified in two types, in one dimension, and in two dimensions. ... Synonym: gel diffusion reactions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gel diffusion reactions
Synonym for gel diffusion precipitin tests ... Precipitin test's in which the immune precipitate forms in a gel medium (usually agar) into which one or both reactants have diffused; generally classified in two types, in one dimension, and in two dimensions. ... Synonym: gel diffusion reactions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gel electrophoresis
<molecular biology> Electrophoresis using a gel supporting phase. Usually applied to systems where the gel is based on polyacrylamide. ... See: electrophoresis. ... (05 May 1997) ...

gel exclusion chromatography
<investigation> A lab technique, a type of column chromatography, used to separate the components of a mixture by molecular size and to collect the molecules which are larger than a certain size. It is similar to gel filtration, small molecules are slowed or trapped by the pores in the gel beads filling the column, while large molecules, too …

gel filtration
<molecular biology> An important method for separating molecules according to molecular size by percolating the solution through beads of solvent permeated polymer that has pores of similar size to the solvent molecules. Unlike a continous filter that retards flow according to molecular size, separation is achieved because molecules that can …

gel filtration chromatography
See: gel filtration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gel retardation assay
A lab technique used to find out if there are proteins binding a fragment of DNA (in a DNA-protein complex) by watching how fast the DNA fragment moves through an electric field and seeing whether it moves slower when a particular protein is also present. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

gel structure
Brush heap structure of fibrils giving firmness to hydrocolloids. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gel transfer
Any lab technique used to transfer substances which had been separated using gel electrophoresis from the gel to a membrane for further processing or analysis. For example: any type of blotting. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

gelasmus
Rarely used term for spasmodic, hysterical laughter. ... Origin: Gr. Gelasma, a laugh, fr. Gelao, to laugh ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gelastic seizure
A seizure characterised by laughing. This seizure type is often accompanied by hypothalamic lesions, such as hamartomas. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gelate
Synonym for gelatinise ... 1. To convert into gelatin. ... 2. To become gelatinous. ... Synonym: gelate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gelatin
<protein> Heat denatured collagen. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

gelatin sponge, absorbable
<chemical> Sterile, gelatin-base surgical sponge applied topically as an adjunct to haemostasis when the control of bleeding by conventional procedures is ineffective to reduce capillary ooze or is impractical. ... Pharmacological action: haemostatics. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gelatin sugar
Synonym for glycine ... <amino acid, physiology> The simplest amino acid. It is a common residue in proteins, especially collagen and elastin and is not optically active. ... It is also a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in spinal cord and brainstem of vertebrate central nervous system. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

gelatinase
Pepsin B; a proteolytic enzyme which hydrolyzes gelatin. ... See: pepsin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gelatinases
<enzyme> A class of enzymes that catalyses the degradation of gelatin by acting on the peptide bonds. ... Registry number: EC 3.4.99.- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gelatine
<physiology> A nitrogeneous colloid, not existing as such in the animal body, but formed by the hydrating action of boiling water on the collagen of various kinds of connective tissue (as tendons, bones, ligaments, etc). Its distinguishing character is that of dissolving in hot water, and forming a jelly on cooling. It is an important ingredi …

gelatinise
1. To convert into gelatin. ... 2. To become gelatinous. ... Synonym: gelate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gelatinization
Conversion into gelatin or a substance resembling it. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gelatinoid
Synonym for gelatinous ... 1. Pertaining to or characteristic of gelatin. ... 2. Jelly-like or resembling gelatin. ... Synonym: gelatinoid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gelatinous
1. Pertaining to or characteristic of gelatin. ... 2. Jelly-like or resembling gelatin. ... Synonym: gelatinoid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gelatinous ascites
Synonym for pseudomyxoma peritonei ... <radiology> Rupture of: ovarian pseudomucinous cystadenoma, appendicial mucocele, mucinous material in peritoneum, with or without diffuse abdominal calcification ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gelatinous infiltration
Synonym for gray infiltration ... A term sometimes used for the relatively rapidly formed, semisolid, gray or gray-white exudate (chiefly necrotic cells and remnants of tissue, and macrophages) resulting from unusually acute, overwhelming, diffuse tuberculous infection in the lung. ... Synonym: gelatinous infiltration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gelatinous lesion
A small area of oedema in the arterial intima, possibly a precursor of a fibrous plaque. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

gelatinous nucleus
Synonym for nucleus pulposus ... The soft fibrocartilage central portion of the intervertebral disk; regarded as a derivative of the notochord. ... Synonym: gelatinous nucleus, nucleus gelatinosus, vertebral pulp. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gelatinous polyp
A polyp that consists of delicate, loose, edematous connective tissue, a polypoid myxoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gelatinous scleritis
Synonym for brawny scleritis ... A gelatinous-appearing swelling surrounding the cornea with a tendency to involve the periphery of the cornea. ... Synonym: gelatinous scleritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gelatinous substance
The apical part of the posterior horn (dorsal horn; posterior gray column) of the spinal cord's gray matter, composed largely of very small nerve cells; its gelatinous appearance is due to its very low content of myelinated nerve fibres. ... Synonym: substantia gelatinosa, Rolando's gelatinous substance, Rolando's substance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gelatinous tissue
Synonym for mucous connective tissue ... A type of connective tissue little differentiated beyond the mesenchymal stage; its ground substance of glycoproteins is abundant and contains fine collagenous fibres and fibroblasts; in its most characteristic form, it appears in the umbilical cord as Wharton's jelly. ... Synonym: gelatinous tissue. ... (05 Ma …

gelatinous varix
A lumpy or nodular condition of the umbilical cord. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gelatum
Synonym: gel. ... Origin: Mod. L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gelding
A castrated animal; usually applied to a horse, but formerly used also of the human male. 'They went down both into the water, Philip and the gelding, and Philip baptized him.' (Wyclif (Acts viii. 38)) ... Origin: Icel. Gelding a gelding, akin to geldingr wether, eunuch, Sw. Galling gelding, Dan. Gilding eunuch. See Geld. ... Source: Websters Diction …

Gelineau
Jean Baptiste Edouard, French physician, 1859-1906. ... See: Gelineau's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gelineau's syndrome
Synonym for narcolepsy ... <neurology> A disorder of sleep associated with excessive daytime sleepiness, involuntary daytime sleep episodes, disturbed nocturnal sleep and cataplexy. ... Narcolepsy affects over 100,000 people in the United States and appears to have a genetic basis. ... Symptoms usually begin in the patients twenties. Treatment o …

Gell and Coombs Classification
A classification system that differentiates the 4 types of hypersensitivity reactions: Type I: anaphylactic reactions, Type II: cytotoxic reactions, Type III: immune complex reactions, and Type IV: cell-mediated reactions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gell, P
<person> British immunologist. ... See: Gell and Coombs reactions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gellan lyase
<enzyme> Cleaves beta-d-glucosyl-1-4-beta-d-glucuronosyl sequence in gellan ... Registry number: EC 4.2.2.- ... Synonym: gellanase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

Gelle test
A vibrating tuning fork is applied over the mastoid process; if it is heard, the air in the external auditory canal is compressed, by means of a rubber tube inserted into the canal and a hand bulb, thereby fixing the stapes in the oval window, and the sound ceases to be heard, but is again perceived if the air pressure is removed; a test of the mob …

Gelle, Marie-Ernst
<person> French otologist, 1834-1923. ... See: Gelle test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gellerstedt, Nils
<person> *1896. ... See: Ceelen-Gellerstedt syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gelosis
An extremely firm mass in tissue (especially in a muscle), with a consistency resembling that of frozen tissue. ... Origin: L. Gelo, to freeze, congeal, + G. -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gelotripsy
Rubbing away an indurated swelling or tender point in neuralgia and myalgia. ... Origin: Gelosis + G. Tripsis, a rubbing, fr. Tribo, to rub ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gels
Colloids with a solid continuous phase and liquid as the dispersed phase; gels may be unstable when, due to temperature or other cause, the solid phase liquifies; the resulting colloid is called a sol. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gelsolin
<protein> Actin binding protein (90 kD) that nucleates actin polymerisation, but at high calcium ion concentrations (10exp 6 M) causes severing of filaments. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Gely
Jules A., French surgeon, 1806-1861. ... See: Gely's suture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gely's suture
A cobbler's suture used in closing intestinal wounds. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gem
1. <botany> A bud. ... 2. A precious stone of any kind, as the ruby, emerald, topaz, sapphire, beryl, spinel, etc, especially when cut and polished for ornament; a jewel. ... 3. Anything of small size, or expressed within brief limits, which is regarded as a gem on account of its beauty or value, as a small picture, a verse of poetry, a witty o …

Gemella
<bacteria> A genus of motile, aerobic, facultatively anaerobic, coccoid bacteria (family Streptococcaceae) which occur singly or in pairs, with flattened adjacent sides. ... They are Gram-indeterminate but have a cell wall like that of Gram-positive bacteria, and are parasitic on mammals. The type species is Gemella haemolysans, which is found …

gemellipara
<obstetrics> An obsolete term for a woman who has given birth to twins. ... Origin: L. Gemellus, twin, + pario, to bear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gemellology
The study of twins and the phenomenology of twinning. ... Origin: L. Gemellus, twin-born, + G. Logos, study ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gemellus
More specifically; inferior gemellus muscle, superior gemellus muscle. ... Origin: L. Dim. Of geminus, twin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gemfibrozil
<drug> That lowers plasma lipoprotein levels. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

geminated teeth
<dentistry> A developmental anomaly arising from the attempted division of one tooth bud, resulting in incomplete formation of two teeth and usually manifest as a bifid crown upon a single root. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gemination
Embryologic partial division of a primordium. For example, gemination of a single tooth germ results in two partially or completely separated crowns on a single root. ... Origin: L. Geminatio, a doubling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geminiviridae
<virology> A family of plant viruses where the virions possess an unusual morphology consisting of a pair of isometric particles. ... Transmission occurs via leafhoppers or whitefly and some viruses cause economically important diseases in cultivated plants. There are three genera: subgroup I geminivirus, subgroup II geminivirus, and subgroup …

gemistocyte
An alternative term for gemistocytic astrocyte. ... Origin: G. Gemistos, loaded, fr. Gemizo, to fill, + -cyte ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gemistocytic astrocyte
<cell biology> A round to oval astrocyte cell with abundant cytoplasm containing glial filaments and an eccentric nucleus; may contain two nuclei in the cell hypertrophy of astrocytes. ... Synonym: gemistocyte, gemistocytic cell, reactive astrocyte, reactive cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gemistocytic astrocytoma
<tumour> An astrocytoma composed primarily of gemistocytic-type astrocytes. ... Synonym: gemistocytoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...