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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

Gerhardt's sign
<clinical sign> Complete bilateral paralysis of the adductor muscles of the larynx with severe inspiratory dyspnea. ... Synonym: Biermer's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geriatric
Pertaining to the treatment of the aged. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

geriatric assessment
Evaluation of the level of physical, physiological, or mental functioning in the older population group. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

geriatric dentistry
<specialty> The branch of dentistry concerned with the dental problems of older people. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

geriatric medicine
<specialty> A specialty of medicine that is concerned with the disease and health problems of older people, usually those over 65 years of age. Considered a subspecialty of internal medicine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geriatric nursing
Nursing care of the aged patient given in the home, the hospital, or special institutions such as nursing homes, psychiatric institutions, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

geriatric psychiatry
<specialty> A subspecialty of psychiatry concerned with the mental health of the aged. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

geriatric therapy
Synonym for gerontotherapy ... Treatment of disease in the aged. ... Synonym: geriatric therapy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geriatrics
<specialty> The branch of medicine concerned with the physiological and pathological aspects of the aged, including the clinical problems of senescence and senility. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gerl
An acronym which stands for the Golgi apparatus, the Endoplasmic Reticulum, and the Lysosomes. It refers to a system of different organelles and vesicles within a eukaryotic cell which together make, secrete, and degrade proteins. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Gerlach, Joseph
<person> German anatomist, 1820-1896. ... See: Gerlach's annular tendon, Gerlach's tonsil, valve of vermiform appendix, Gerlach's valvula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gerlach's annular tendon
fibrocartilaginous ring of tympanic membrane ...

Gerlach's tonsil
Synonym for tubal tonsil ... A collection of lymphoid nodules near the pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube. ... Synonym: tonsilla tubaria, eustachian tonsil, Gerlach's tonsil. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gerlach's valve
Synonym for valve of vermiform appendix ... A fold of mucous membrane, simulating a valve, sometimes found at the origin of the vermiform appendix. ... Synonym: Gerlach's valve, valvula processus vermiformis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gerlach's valvula
Synonym for trabecular reticulum ... The network of fibres (pectinate ligaments) at the iridocorneal angle between the anterior chamber of the eye and the venous sinus of the sclera; it contains spaces between the fibres that are involved in drainage of the aqueous humor, and is composed of two portions: the corneoscleral part, the part attached to …

Gerlier, Felix
<person> Swiss physician, 1840-1914. ... See: Gerlier's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gerlier's disease
Synonym for vestibular neuronitis ... A paroxysmal attack of severe vertigo, not accompanied by deafness or tinnitus, which affects young to middle-aged adults, often following a non-specific upper respiratory infection; due to unilateral vestibular dysfunction. ... Synonym: endemic paralytic vertigo, epidemic vertigo, Gerlier's disease, kubisagari, …

germ
1. <biology> That which is to develop a new individual; as, the germ of a foetus, of a plant or flower, and the like; the earliest form under which an organism appears. 'In the entire process in which a new being originates . Two distinct classes of action participate; namely, the act of generation by which the germ is produced; and the act o …

germ cell
Cell specialised to produce haploid gametes. The germ cell line is often formed very early in embryonic development. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

germ cell tumour
A type of brain tumour. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

germ cells
The reproductive cells in multicellular organisms. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

germ layer
<embryology> A layer of cells produced during the process of gastrulation during the early development of the animal embryo, which is distinct from other such layers of cells, as an early step of cell differentiation. The three types of germ layers are the endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm. ... Diploblastic organisms (e.g. Coelenterates) have t …

germ layer theory
The developmental biology theory that during early development, the animal embryo divides itself into two or three germ layers, each of which then proceed to further differentiate into organs and tissues specific to that particular layer. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

germ layers
The three layers of cells comprising the early embryo. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

germ line
A group of cells in most multicellular animals which give rise to the reproductive cells. The genome of the animal as contained in these cells, along with any mutations which might arise in them (germinal mutations), can be passed on to offspring. ... Also can refer to the appearance and conditions of the genome in the germ cells which may be differ …

germ line gene therapy
The repair or replacement of a defective gene within the gamete-forming tissues, which produces an inheritable change in an organisms genetic constitution. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

germ line transformation
Micro injection of foreign DNA into an early embryo, so that it becomes incorporated into the germ line of the individual and thus stably inherited in subsequent generations of transgenic organisms. Typically, the DNA would be a reporter gene or cDNA in a vector such as a transposon, that might also carry a visible marker gene such as eye or coat c …

germ nucleus
Synonym for micronucleus ... <cell biology> The smaller nucleus in ciliate protozoans, fully active in inheritance and passed after meiosis to conjugating pairs. Gives rise to the macronucleus or macronuclei. Genes in the micronucleus are not actively transcribed. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

germ plasm
The liquid portion of a gamete (egg or sperm) that contains genetic material. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

germ theory
The theory, now a doctrine, that infectious diseases are due to the presence and functional activity of microorganisms within the body. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

germ tube
A young hypha growing out of a yeast cell or spore, the beginning of a mycelium; also used as a rapid test for differentiating Candida albicans from other Candida species. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

germ tube test
A test for the identification of Candida albicans; after a 3-hr incubation in serum, an inoculum of Candida develops tubelike appendages. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

germ-free animal
An animal which has no microorganisms whatsoever living in or on it. ... An animal which was born and raised in an isolated environment with no microorganisms in it, such as within a germ-free isolator. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

germ-free isolator
A chamber which has absolutely no microorganisms whatsoever living in it, where a germ-free animal can be born and raised. ... An artificial barrier surrounding a living facility for germ-free animals, which keeps out all microorganisms. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

germ-free life
Animals not contaminated by or associated with any foreign organisms. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

germ-line mutation
Any detectable and heritable alteration in the lineage of germ cells. Mutations in these cells (i.e., 'generative' cells ancestral to the gametes) are transmitted to progeny while those in somatic cells are not. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

german
Of or pertaining to Germany. German Baptists. See Dunker. German bit, a wood-boring tool, having a long elliptical pod and a scew point. ... <zoology> German carp, the crucian carp. ... <botany> German millet, a character resembling modern German type, used in English printing for ornamental headings, etc, as in the words. ... German tinde …

german measles
Rubella is another term for German measles, an acute viral illness that starts as an upper respiratory infection and evolves into a generalised rash. Immunisation is advisable (MMR vaccine). Testing for Rubella antibody titres is performed routinely in pregnant females as a check for German measles immunity. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

german measles immunization
The standard MMR vaccine is given to prevent measles, mumps and rubella (German measles). The MMR vaccine is now given in two dosages. The first should be given at12-15 months of age. The second vaccination should be given at 4-6 years (or, alternatively, 11-12 years) of age. most colleges require proof of a second measles or MMR vaccination prior …

German measles virus
Synonym for rubella virus ... The type (and only) species of rubivirus causing acute infection in humans, primarily children and young adults. Humans are the only natural host. A live, attenuated vaccine is available for prophylaxis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

germander
<botany> A plant of the genus Teucrium (especially. Teucrium Chamaedrys or wall germander), mintlike herbs and low shrubs. American germander, Teucrium Canadense. Germander chickweed, Veronica agrestis. Water germander, Teucrium Scordium. Wood germander, Teucrium Scorodonia. ... Origin: OE. Germaunder, F. Germandree, It. Calamandrea, L. Chamae …

germanium
<chemistry, element> A rare element, recently discovered (1885), in a silver ore (argyrodite) at Freiberg. It is a brittle, silver-white metal, chemically intermediate between the metals and nonmetals, resembles tin, and is in general identical with the predicted ekasilicon. ... Atomic weight: 72.3 ... Abbreviation: Ge ... Origin: NL, fr. L. Ger …

germicidal
Synonym for germicide ... <pharmacology> An agent that kills pathogenic microorganisms. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

germicide
<pharmacology> An agent that kills pathogenic microorganisms. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

germinal aplasia
Synonym for seminiferous tubule dysgenesis ... A disorder in which the seminiferous tubules exhibit an abnormal cytoarchitecture and extensive hyalinization; the testes are small, and few spermatozoa are formed; the body habitus may be eunuchoid, and gynaecomastia may be present; urinary gonadotropin output is usually high, and the incidence of ment …

germinal area
Area germinativa, the place in the blastoderm where the embryo begins to be formed. ... Synonym: germinal disk. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

germinal cell
A cell from which other cell's proliferate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

germinal centre
Areas within lymph nodes where B lymphocytes rapidly divide. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

germinal centre kinase
<enzyme> A human ste20 homolog; mw 97 kD; has been sequenced ... Registry number: EC 2.7.10.- ... Synonym: germinal centre kinase gck, gc kinase, bl44 gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

germinal centre of Flemming
The lightly staining centre in a lymphatic nodule in which the predominant cells are large lymphocytes and macrophages. ... Synonym: reaction centre. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

germinal cords
The gonadal cord's of the embryonic ovary or testis. ... Synonym: sex cords. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

germinal disk
Germ disk, the point in a telolecithal ovum where the embryo begins to be formed. ... Synonym: embryonic disk, germinal area, area germinativa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

germinal epithelium
A cuboidal layer of peritoneal epithelium covering the gonads, once thought to be the source of germ cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

germinal infection
Infection of a baby with a disease by way of a parent's gamete (sperm or ovum). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

germinal localization
Determination in very young embryos of the presumptive areas for specific organs or structures. ... Synonym: fate map. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

germinal membrane
Synonym for blastoderm ... In many eggs with a large amount of yolk, cell division (cleavage) is restricted to a superficial layer of the fertilized egg (meroblastic cleavage). This layer is termed the blastoderm. In birds it is a flat disc of cells at one pole of the egg and in insects an outer layer of cells surrounding the yolk mass. ... (18 Nov 1 …

germinal mosaicism
Gonadal mosaicism, a state in which cells in a sector of a gonad are of a form not present in either parent, because of mutation in an intermediate progenitor of that sector. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

germinal mutation
A mutation in the germ cells (the cells which will undergo meiosis to form the gametes). Such mutations are therefore passed on to offspring. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

germinal pole
Synonym for animal pole ... <cell biology> In most animal oocytes the nucleus is not centrally placed and its position can be used to define two poles. That nearest to the nucleus is the animal pole and the other is the vegetal pole, with the animal vegetal axis between the poles passing through the nucleus. During meiosis of the oocyte the po …

germinal rod
Synonym for sporozoite ... One of the minute elongated bodies resulting from the repeated division of the oocyst during sporogony. In the case of the malarial parasite, it is the form that is concentrated in the salivary glands and introduced into the blood by the bite of a mosquito; it enters the liver cells (exoerythrocytic cycle), whose progeny, …

germinal streak
Synonym for primitive streak ... An ectodermal ridge in the midline at the caudal end of the embryonic disk from which arises the intraembryonic mesoderm; achieved by inward and then lateral migration of cells; in human embryos, it appears on day 15 and gives a cephalocaudal axis to the developing embryo. ... Synonym: germinal streak. ... (05 Mar 2000 …

germinal vesicle
The nucleus of a primary oocyte, the development of which is suspended in prophase I of the first meiotic division between embryohood and sexual maturity. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

germination
The process where a seed, spore, or zygote begins to sprout, grow, or develop, usually after it has been dormant for a time while waiting for the right growing conditions. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

germinative layer
Synonym for stratum basale epidermidis ... The deepest layer of the epidermis, composed of dividing stem cells and anchoring cells. ... Synonym: basal cell layer, columnar layer, germinative layer, palisade layer, stratum basale, stratum cylindricum, stratum germinativum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

germinative layer of nail
Synonym for stratum germinativum unguis ... The deeper layer of the nail that is continuous with the stratum germinativum of the surrounding skin and from which the nail plate is continuously formed. ... Synonym: germinative layer of nail. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

germine
An alkaloid that occurs in Veratrum and Zygandenus species. The drug, like veratrine and veratridine, induces repetitive discharges in nerve cells, seemingly due to derangements in sodium channel function. Often used as the acetate or diacetate derivative. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

germine acetates
Germine derivatives acetylated on any one or more of the hydroxy groups. These compounds are present in many polyester alkaloids which occur in veratrum and zygadenus species. They are used as antihypertensive agents, and in some cases, exhibit curare-like activity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

germinoma
A type of germ cell tumour. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Germiston virus
A virus in the genus Bunyavirus, family Bunyaviridae ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gero-
Geront-geronto- ... Old age. ... See: presby-. ... Origin: G. Geron, old man ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geroderma
1. The atrophic skin of the aged. ... 2. Any condition in which the skin is thinned and wrinkled, resembling the integument of old age. ... Origin: Gero-+ G. Derma, skin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gerodontics
Gerodontology ... Synonym: dental geriatrics. ... Origin: Gero-+ G. Odous, tooth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geromarasmus
Synonym: senile atrophy. ... Origin: Gero-+ G. Marasmos, a wasting ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gerontal
Relating to old age. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gerontine
Synonym for spermine ... <biochemistry> Polybasic amine. Found in human sperm, in ribosomes and in some viruses. Involved in nucleic acid packaging. Synthesis is regulated by ornithine decarboxylase which plays a key role in control of DNA replication. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

geronto-
See: gero-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gerontologist
One who specialises in gerontology. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gerontology
The scientific study of the process and problems of aging. ... Synonym: geratology. ... Origin: Geronto-+ G. Logos, study ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gerontophilia
Morbid love for old persons. ... Origin: Geronto-+ G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gerontophobia
<psychology> Morbid fear of old persons. ... Origin: Geronto-+ G. Phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gerontotherapeutics
The science concerned with treatment of the aged. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gerontotherapy
Treatment of disease in the aged. ... Synonym: geriatric therapy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gerontoxon
Synonym: arcus cornealis. ... Origin: Geronto-+ G. Toxon, bow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gerota
Dimitru, Roumanian anatomist and surgeon, 1867-1939. ... See: Gerota's capsule, Gerota's fascia, Gerota's method. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gerota's capsule
Synonym for renal fascia ... The condensation of the fibroareolar tissue and fat surrounding the kidney to form a sheath for the organ. ... Synonym: fascia renalis, Gerota's capsule, Gerota's fascia, perirenal fascia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gerota's fascia
Synonym for renal fascia ... The condensation of the fibroareolar tissue and fat surrounding the kidney to form a sheath for the organ. ... Synonym: fascia renalis, Gerota's capsule, Gerota's fascia, perirenal fascia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gerota's method
Injection of the lymphatics with a dye that is soluble in chloroform or ether but not in water; alkannin, red sulfide of mercury, and Prussian blue are said to be suitable for this purpose. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gersh, Isidore
<person> U.S. Histologist, *1907. ... See: Altmann-Gersh method. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gerstmann syndrome
<syndrome> Tetrad of finger agnosia, dysgraphia or agraphia, dyscalculia or acalculia, and right-left disorientation producing confusion of laterality of the body. ... The syndrome can occur in brain-damaged and apparently normal children as well as in adults who have had vascular accidents, and is caused by lesions between the occipital area …

Gerstmann, Josef
<person> Austrian neurologist, 1887-1969. ... See: Gerstmann syndrome, Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gestagen
Inclusive term used to denote any one of several gestagenic substances, which are usually steroid hormones. ... Synonym: gestin, progestin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gestagenic
Inducing progestational effects in the uterus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gestalt
A perceived entity so integrated as to constitute a functional unit with properties not derivable from its parts. ... See: gestaltism. ... Origin: Ger. Shape ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gestalt psychology
Synonym for gestaltism ... The theory in psychology that the objects of mind come as complete forms or configurations which cannot be split into parts; e.g., a square is perceived as such rather than as four discrete lines. ... Origin: see gestalt ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gestalt theory
A system which emphasizes that experience and behaviour contain basic patterns and relationships which cannot be reduced to simpler components; that is, the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gestalt therapy
A form of psychotherapy with emphasis on the interplay of organism and environment. Basic to this therapy is the development of awareness and maturity, as well as self-confidence. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gestaltism
The theory in psychology that the objects of mind come as complete forms or configurations which cannot be split into parts; e.g., a square is perceived as such rather than as four discrete lines. ... Origin: see gestalt ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gestate
To carry and maintain one or more young within the uterus from the time they are zygotes until they are ready to be born. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

gestation
<obstetrics> The period of development of the young in viviparous animals, from the time of fertilization of the ovum until birth. ... Origin: L. Gestatio, from gestare = to bear ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

gestation sac
The gestation sac is the fluid-filled sac in which the foetus develops, visible with an ultrasound exam. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...