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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

gingival enlargement
An overgrowth (localised or diffuse) of gingival tissue, non-specific in nature. ... See: gingival hyperplasia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingival epithelium
A stratified squamous epithelium that undergoes some degree of keratinization and covers the free and attached gingiva. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingival festoon
An arcuate enlargement of the marginal gingiva. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingival fibromatosis
Fibromatosis that may be associated with trichodiscomas. Several genetic forms are known, all autosomal dominant . ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingival fistula
A sinus tract originating in a peripheral abscess and opening into the oral cavity on the gingiva. ... Synonym: dental fistula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingival flap
A portion of the gingiva whose coronal margin is surgically detached from the tooth and the alveolar process. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingival fluid
Fluid containing plasma proteins, which is present in increasing amounts in association with gingival inflammation. ... Synonym: crevicular fluid, sulcular fluid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingival haemorrhage
The flowing of blood from the marginal gingival area, particularly the sulcus, seen in such conditions as gingivitis, marginal periodontitis, injury, and ascorbic acid deficiency. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gingival hyperplasia
Non-inflammatory enlargement of the gingivae produced by factors other than local irritation. It is characteristically due to an increase in the number of cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gingival hypertrophy
<dentistry> The abnormal enlargement of the gingiva surrounding the teeth caused by poor oral hygiene. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

Gingival Index
An index of periodontal disease based upon the severity and location of the lesion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingival margin
The most coronal portion of the gingiva surrounding the tooth, the edge of the free gingiva. ... Synonym: cervical margin, gingival crest. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingival massage
Mechanical stimulation of the gingiva by rubbing or pressure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingival mucosa
That portion of the oral mucous membrane that covers and is attached to the necks of the teeth and the alveolar process of the jaws; it is demarcated from lining mucosa on the facial aspect by a clearly defined line which marks the mucogingival junction, and, in contrast to the lining mucosa, is keratinised and lighter in colour; on the palatal sur …

gingival overgrowth
Excessive growth of the gingiva either by an increase in the size of the constituent cells (gingival hypertrophy) or by an increase in their number (gingival hyperplasia). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gingival pocket
An abnormal extension of a gingival sulcus not accompanied by the apical migration of the epithelial attachment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gingival proliferation
Synonym for gingival hyperplasia ... Non-inflammatory enlargement of the gingivae produced by factors other than local irritation. It is characteristically due to an increase in the number of cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gingival recession
The exposure of root surface by an apical shift in the position of the gingiva. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gingival repositioning
Surgical relocation of the attached gingiva to eliminate pathosis or to establish more acceptable form and function. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingival resorption
Synonym for gingival recession ... The exposure of root surface by an apical shift in the position of the gingiva. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gingival retraction
Lateral movement of the gingival margin away from the tooth surface; may be indicative of underlying inflammation or pocket formation, displacement of the marginal gingivae away from the tooth by mechanical, chemical, or surgical means. ... Mandibular retraction, a type of facial anomaly in which the gnathion lies posterior to the orbital plane. ... …

gingival septum
interdental papilla ...

gingival space
Synonym for gingival sulcus ... The space between the surface of the tooth and the free gingiva. ... Synonym: sulcus gingivalis, gingival crevice, gingival space, subgingival space. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingival sulcus
The space between the surface of the tooth and the free gingiva. ... Synonym: sulcus gingivalis, gingival crevice, gingival space, subgingival space. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingival tissues
Synonym for gingiva ... The gum. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gingival zone
That portion of the oral mucosa which surrounds the teeth and is firmly attached to the underlying alveolar bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gingival-Periodontal Index
An index of gingivitis, gingival irritation, and advanced periodontal disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingivectomy
<procedure> Surgical excision of the gingiva at the level of its attachment, thus creating new marginal gingiva. This procedure is used to eliminate gingival or periodontal pockets or to provide an approach for extensive surgical interventions, and to gain access necessary to remove calculus within the pocket. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gingivitis
<pathology> Inflammation of the gingivae. Gingivitis associated with bony changes is referred to as periodontitis. ... Synonym: oulitis, ulitis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

gingivitis, necrotizing ulcerative
An acute or chronic gingival infection characterised by redness and swelling, necrosis extending from the interdental papillae along the gingival margins, pain, haemorrhage, necrotic odour, and often a pseudomembrane. The condition may extend to the oral mucosa, tongue, palate, or pharynx. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gingivo-
The gingivae, the gums of the mouth. ... Origin: L. Gingiva ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingivo-osseous
Referring to the gingiva and its underlying bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingivoaxial
Pertaining to the line angle formed by the gingival and axial walls of a cavity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingivobuccal groove
Synonym for alveolobuccal groove ... The upper and lower half of the buccal vestibule on each side. ... Synonym: alveolobuccal sulcus, gingivobuccal groove, gingivobuccal sulcus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingivobuccal sulcus
Synonym for alveolobuccal groove ... The upper and lower half of the buccal vestibule on each side. ... Synonym: alveolobuccal sulcus, gingivobuccal groove, gingivobuccal sulcus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingivodental ligament
Synonym for periodontal ligament ... <anatomy> Fibrous connective tissue surrounding the root of a tooth that separates it from and attaches it to the alveolar bone. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gingivoglossitis
Inflammation of both the tongue and gingival tissues. ... See: stomatitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingivolabial
Referring to the line angle formed by the junction of the gingival and labial walls of a (class III or IV) cavity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingivolabial groove
Synonym for alveololabial groove ... The upper and lower half of the labial vestibule, in the embryo, the groove formed by the deepening of the labial sulcus; its inner wall becomes incorporated with the alveolar process of the mandible or the maxilla, and its outer wall with the lips and cheeks. ... Synonym: alveololabial sulcus, gingivolabial groov …

gingivolabial sulcus
Synonym for alveololabial groove ... The upper and lower half of the labial vestibule, in the embryo, the groove formed by the deepening of the labial sulcus; its inner wall becomes incorporated with the alveolar process of the mandible or the maxilla, and its outer wall with the lips and cheeks. ... Synonym: alveololabial sulcus, gingivolabial groov …

gingivolingual groove
Synonym for alveololingual groove ... That part of the oral cavity proper, on each side of the frenulum linguae, between the tongue and the mandibular alveolar process or ridge, in the embryo, the groove on each side between the lingual primordium and the alveolar elevations of the mandible. ... Synonym: alveololingual sulcus, gingivolingual groove, …

gingivolingual sulcus
Synonym for alveololingual groove ... That part of the oral cavity proper, on each side of the frenulum linguae, between the tongue and the mandibular alveolar process or ridge, in the embryo, the groove on each side between the lingual primordium and the alveolar elevations of the mandible. ... Synonym: alveololingual sulcus, gingivolingual groove, …

gingivolinguoaxial
Referring to the point angle formed by the gingival, lingual, and axial walls of a cavity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gingivoplasty
Surgical reshaping of the gingivae and papillae for correction of deformities (particularly enlargements) and to provide the gingivae with a normal and functional form, the incision creating an external bevel. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gingivosis
Synonym for chronic desquamative gingivitis ... A clinical term for a gingival condition of unknown aetiology, usually encountered in middle-aged and older women, characterised by erythema, mucosal atrophy, and desquamation, and usually accompanied by a burning sensation and pain; diagnosis is usually made by biopsy and direct immunofluorescence. …

gingivostomatitis
Inflammation of the gingiva and other oral mucous membranes. ... Origin: Gingivo-+ G. Stoma, mouth, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ginglymoarthrodial
Denoting a joint having the form of both ginglymus and arthrodia, or hinge joint and sliding joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ginglymodi
<zoology> An order of ganoid fishes, including the modern gar pikes and many allied fossil forms. They have rhombic, ganoid scales, a heterocercal tail, paired fins without an axis, fulcra on the fins, and a bony skeleton, with the vertebrae convex in front and concave behind, forming a ball and socket joint. See Ganoidel. ... Origin: NL.; cf. …

ginglymoid
Relating to or resembling a hinge joint. ... Synonym: ginglyform. ... Origin: G. Ginglymos, a hinge joint, + eidos, resembling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ginglymoid joint
Synonym for hinge joint ... A uniaxial joint in which a broad, transversely cylindrical convexity on one bone fits into a corresponding concavity on the other, allowing of motion in one plane only, as in the elbow. ... Synonym: ginglymus, ginglymoid joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ginkgo
<botany> A large ornamental tree (Ginkgo biloba) from China and Japan, belonging to the Yew suborder of Coniferae. Its leaves are so like those of some maidenhair ferns, that it is also called the maidenhair tree. ... Origin: Chin, silver fruit. ... (26 Mar 1998) ...

ginseng
A root found in Asia and the United States, although the Oriental variety is more easily obtainable. Ginseng has been popular in the Orient for centuries. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

Giordano-Giovannetti diet
A diet designed for patients with renal failure; it provides small amounts of protein, primarily as essential amino acids, along with alpha-keto derivatives of amino acids; breakdown of protein in skeletal muscle is retarded and, because transaminase reactions are reversible, a small proportion of the ammonia released by urea breakdown is used for …

Giovannetti diet
Synonym for Giordano-Giovannetti diet ... A diet designed for patients with renal failure; it provides small amounts of protein, primarily as essential amino acids, along with alpha-keto derivatives of amino acids; breakdown of protein in skeletal muscle is retarded and, because transaminase reactions are reversible, a small proportion of the ammoni …

GIP
Synonym for gastric inhibitory polypeptide ... <hormone> Peptide hormone (43 amino acids) that stimulates insulin release and inhibits the release of gastric acid and pepsin. ... Acronym: GIP ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

giraffe
<zoology> An African ruminant (Camelopardalis giraffa) related to the deers and antelopes, but placed in a family by itself; the camelopard. It is the tallest of animals, being sometimes twenty feet from the hoofs to the top of the head. Its neck is very long, and its fore legs are much longer than its hind legs. ... Origin: F. Girafe, Sp. Gir …

Girard
A., Swiss-born U.S. Surgeon, 1841-1914. ... See: Girard's reagent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Girard's reagent
The hydrazine of betaine chloride, used to extract ketonic steroids by forming water-soluble hydrazones with them. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

girder
1. One who, or that which, girds. ... 2. A main beam; a stright, horizontal beam to span an opening or carry weight, such as ends of floor beams, etc.; hence, a framed or built-up member discharging the same office, technically called a compound girder. Bowstring girder, Box girder, etc. See Bowstring, Box, etc. Girder bridge. See Bridge. Lattice gi …

girdle
To kill a tree by severing or removing the living layer of the tree (the phloem) in a ring around its trunk. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

girdle anaesthesia
Anaesthesia distributed as a band encircling the trunk. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

girdle pain
A painful sensation encircling the body like a belt, occurring in tabes dorsalis or other spinal cord disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

girdle sensation
Synonym for zonesthesia ... A sensation as if a cord were drawn around the body, constricting it. ... Synonym: cincture sensation, girdle sensation, strangalesthesia. ... Origin: G. Zone, girdle, + aisthesis, sensation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Girdlestone
Gathorne Robert, British orthopedist, *1881. ... See: Girdlestone procedure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Girdlestone procedure
Complete resection or excision of the head and neck of the femur. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

girdling
Killing a tree by removing a strip of bark from around its trunk. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

gitalin
An extract of Digitalis purpurea containing a mixture of glycosides and aglycons, with action and uses similar to those of digitalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

githagism
A disease similar to lathyrism, believed to be due to poisoning by seeds of the corn cockle, Lychnis githago. ... Origin: L. Gith, a plant, Roman coriander, + ago, to drive ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gitogenin
(25R)-5a-Spirostan-2a,3b-diol;the genin of gitonin; a cardiotonic agent. ... Synonym: digin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gitonin
A gitogenin tetraglycoside composed of two galactoses, one glucose, and one xylose; F-gitogenin has one galactose, two glucoses, and one xylose. Both are cardiotonic agents. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gitoxigenin
The aglycon of gitoxin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gitoxin
C41H64O14;a secondary cardiac glycoside from Digitalis purpurea and D. Lanata. ... Synonym: anhydrogitalin, bigitalin, pseudodigitoxin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gitter cell
A lipid-laden microglial phagocyte commonly seen at the edge of healing brain infarcts, a result of cellular phagocytosis of lipid from necrotic or degenerating brain cells. ... Synonym: compound granule cell. ... Origin: Ger. Gitterzelle, fr. Gitter, lattice, wire-net ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gitterzelle
Synonym: compound granule cell. ... Origin: Ger. Fr. Gitter, lattice, + Zelle, cell ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

give
1. To bestow without receiving a return; to confer without compensation; to impart, as a possession; to grant, as authority or permission; to yield up or allow. 'For generous lords had rather give than pay.' (Young) ... 2. To yield possesion of; to deliver over, as property, in exchange for something; to pay; as, we give the value of what we buy. 'W …

given
From Give. ... 1. <mathematics> Granted; assumed; supposed to be known; set forth as a known quantity, relation, or premise. ... 2. Disposed; inclined; used with an; as, virtuously given. ... 3. Stated; fixed; as, in a given time. Given name, the Christian name, or name given by one's parents or guardians, as distinguished from the surname, whic …

gizzard
1. <anatomy, ornithology> The second, or true, muscular stomach of birds, in which the food is crushed and ground, after being softened in the glandular stomach (crop), or lower part of the oesophagus; the gigerium. ... 2. <marine biology> A thick muscular stomach found in many invertebrate animals. A stomach armed with chitinous or shel …

Gla
Synonym for 4-carboxyglutamic acid ... A carboxylated form of glutamic acid found in certain proteins (e.g., prothrombin, factors VII, IX, and X, osteocalcin). Its synthesis is vitamin K-dependent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glabellad
Toward the glabella. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glabrescent
Becoming glabrous (without hairs). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

glabrous
Without hairs. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

glabrous skin
Skin that is normally devoid of hair. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glacial
1. Pertaining to ice or to its action; consisting of ice; frozen; icy; especially, pertaining to glaciers; as, glacial phenomena. ... 2. <chemistry> Resembling ice; having the appearance and consistency of ice; said of certain solid compounds; as, glacial phosphoric or acetic acids. ... <chemistry> Glacial acid See Glacier theory, under G …

glacial phosphoric acid
An anhydride of phosphoric acid used as a reagent, and in the manufacture of zinc oxyphosphate cement for dentistry. ... Synonym: metaphosphoric acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glacier
An immense field or stream of ice, formed in the region of perpetual snow, and moving slowly down a mountain slope or valley, as in the Alps, or over an extended area, as in Greenland. ... The mass of compacted snow forming the upper part of a glacier is called the firn, or neve; the glacier proper consist of solid ice, deeply crevassed where broken …

glad
To make glad; to cheer; to gladden; to exhilarate. 'That which gladded all the warrior train.' (Dryden) 'Each drinks the juice that glads the heart of man.' (Pope) ... Origin: AS. Gladian. See Glad, and cf. Gladden. ... 1. Pleased; joyous; happy; cheerful; gratified; opposed to sorry, sorrowful, or unhappy; said of persons, and often followed by of, …

glade
Open space surrounded by woods or a forest, a marshy and usually low-lying area, a periodically inundated grassy marsh often running between adjacent slopes, a marshy area bounding or forming the headwaters of a stream. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

gladiolus
Origin: L. See Gladiole. ... 1. <botany> A genus of plants having bulbous roots and gladiate leaves, and including many species, some of which are cultivated and valued for the beauty of their flowers; the corn flag; the sword lily. ... 2. <anatomy> The middle portion of the sternum in some animals; the mesosternum. ... Source: Websters Di …

gladness
State or quality of being glad; pleasure; joyful satisfaction; cheerfulness. 'They . . . Did eat their meat with gladness and singleness of heart.' (Acts II. 46) ... Gladness is rarely or never equivalent to mirth, merriment, gayety, and triumph, and it usually expresses less than delight. It sometimes expresses great joy. 'The Jews had joy and glad …

glafenine
<chemical> An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic properties used for the relief of all types of pain. ... Pharmacological action: analgesics, non-narcotic. ... Chemical name: Benzoic acid, 2-((7-chloro-4-quinolinyl)amino)-, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

glairy mucus
Synonym for pituita ... A thick nasal secretion. ... Synonym: glairy mucus. ... Origin: L. Phlegm or thick mucous secretion ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glamour
1. A charm affecting the eye, making objects appear different from what they really are. ... 2. Witchcraft; magic; a spell. ... 3. A kind of haze in the air, causing things to appear different from what they really are. 'The air filled with a strange, pale glamour that seemed to lie over the broad valley.' (W. Black) ... 4. Any artificial interest in, …

glance
1. A sudden flash of light or splendor. 'Swift as the lightning glance.' (Milton) ... 2. A quick cast of the eyes; a quick or a casual look; a swift survey; a glimpse. 'Dart not scornful glances from those eyes.' (Shak) ... 3. An incidental or passing thought or allusion. 'How fleet is a glance of the mind.' (Cowper) ... 4. <chemical> A name giv …

glancing wound
Synonym for gutter wound ... A tangential wound that makes a furrow without perforating the skin. ... Synonym: crease wound, glancing wound. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gland
<anatomy> Organ specialised for secretion by the infolding of an epithelial sheet. ... The secretory epithelial cells may either be arranged as an acinus with a duct or as a tubule. Glands from which release occurs to a free epithelial surface are exocrine, those that release product to the circulatory system are endocrine glands. ... (17 Dec 1 …

glanders
<veterinary> A highly contagious and very destructive disease of horses, asses, mules, etc, characterised by a constant discharge of sticky matter from the nose, and an enlargement and induration of the glands beneath and within the lower jaw. It may transmitted to dogs, goats, sheep, and to human beings. ... Origin: From Gland. ... Source: Web …

glanders bacillus
Synonym for Pseudomonas mallei ... A species infectious to horses and donkeys, causing glanders and farcy. ... Synonym: glanders bacillus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glandes
Plural of glans. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glandilemma
The capsule of a gland. ... Origin: L. Glandula, gland, + G. Lemma, sheath ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glands of auditory tube
Synonym for mucous glands of auditory tube ... Glands located principally near the pharyngeal end of the auditory tube. ... Synonym: glandulae tubariae, glands of auditory tube, glands of eustachian tube. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...