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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

Glasgow, William
<person> U.S. Physician, 1845-1907. ... See: Glasgow's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Glasgow's sign
<clinical sign> A systolic murmur heard over the brachial artery in aneurysm of the aorta. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glass
1. A hard, brittle, translucent, and commonly transparent substance, white or coloured, having a conchoidal fracture, and made by fusing together sand or silica with lime, potash, soda, or lead oxide. It is used for window panes and mirrors, for articles of table and culinary use, for lenses, and various articles of ornament. ... Glass is variously …

glass bead steriliser
A steriliser for endodontic equipment; the heat is transmitted to the instruments, absorbent points, or cotton pellets by means of glass beads. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glass body
Synonym for demilune body ... A circular body of extreme transparency except for a crescentic punctate substance on one edge which contains haemoglobin. The body is much larger than a red blood cell, but is thought possibly to be a degenerated red blood cell swollen by imbibition; it has been found in malaria and in convalescence from typhoid fever; …

glass electrode
A thin-walled glass bulb containing a standard buffer solution, quinhydrone, and a platinum wire; when immersed in an unknown solution, a potential difference develops that varies with the pH of the unknown solution; this difference can be made to give the pH; used in pH meters. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glass factor
Synonym for factor xii ... <chemical> Stable blood coagulation factor activated by contact with the subendothelial surface of an injured vessel. Along with prekallikrein, it serves as the contact factor that initiates the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. Kallikrein activates factor xii to xiia. Deficiency of factor xii, also called the …

glass ionomer cement
A dental cement produced by mixing a powder prepared from a calcium aluminosilicate glass with an aqueous solution of polyacrylic acid. ... Origin: ion + -mer ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glass ionomer cements
A polymer obtained by reacting polyacrylic acid with a special anion-leachable glass (alumino-silicate). The resulting cement is more durable and tougher than others in that the materials comprising the polymer backbone do not leach out. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

glass rays
Those formed by cathode ray's striking the wall of an X-ray tube. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Glasser's disease
<disease> A fibrinous polyserositis, polyarthritis, and meningitis of pigs caused by the bacterium Haemophilus parasuis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glasses
Synonym: spectacles. ... 2. Lenses for correcting refractive errors in the eyes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glassworker's cataract
Synonym for infrared cataract ... A cataract secondary to absorption of heat by the lens, or by transmission from the adjacent iris. ... Synonym: furnacemen's cataract, glassworker's cataract. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glassy
1. Made of glass; vitreous; as, a glassy substance. ... 2. Resembling glass in its properties, as in smoothness, brittleness, or transparency; as, a glassy stream; a glassy surface; the glassy deep. ... 3. Dull; wanting life or fire; lackluster; said of the eyes. 'In his glassy eye. ... <chemical>' Glassy feldspar, a variety of orthoclase; sanid …

glassy membrane
The basement membrane present between the stratum granulosum and the theca interna of a vesicular ovarian follicle; it becomes very prominent in large atretic follicles, the basement membrane and associated connective tissue of the hair follicle. ... Synonym: hyaline membrane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Glauber, Johann
<person> German chemist, 1604-1668. ... See: Glauber's salt. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Glauber's salt
Synonym for sodium sulfate ... Na2SO4-10H2O;an ingredient of many of the natural laxative waters, and also used as a hydragogue cathartic. ... Synonym: Glauber's salt. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glauber's salts
Sulphate of soda, a well-known cathartic. It is a white crystalline substance, with a cooling, slightly bitter taste, and is commonly called 'salts.' ... It occurs naturally and abundantly in some mineral springs, and in many salt deposits, as the mineral mirabilite. It is manufactured in large quantities as an intermediate step in the 'soda process …

glaucarubin
<chemical> (1 beta,2 alpha,11 beta,12 alpha,15 beta(s))-11,20-epoxy-1,2,11,12-tetrahydroxy-15-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-oxobutoxy)picras-3-en-16-one. A quassinoid (simaroubolide) from simaruba glauca, a tropical shrub. It has been used as an antiamebic agent and is found to be cytotoxic. It may be of use in cancer chemotherapy. ... Pharmacological …

glaucoma
<ophthalmology> A group of eye diseases characterised by an increase in intraocular pressure which causes pathological changes in the optic disk and typical defects in the field of vision. ... It can be corrected by the use of laser light to punch a hole in the iris to relieve the intraocular pressure within the eye. The procedure is painless …

glaucoma detection
You may know of the air puff test or other tests used to measure eye pressure in an eye examination. But, this test alone cannot detect glaucoma. Glaucoma is found most often during an eye examination through dilated pupils after drops are put into the eyes during the exam to enlarge the pupils. This allows the eye care professional to see more of …

glaucoma fulminans
Acute angle-closure glaucoma rapidly followed by blindness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glaucoma treatment
A laser beam of light is focused on the part of the anterior chamber where the fluid leaves the eye. This results in a series of small changes, which makes it easier for fluid to exit the eye. Over time, the effect of laser surgery may wear off. Patients who have this form of surgery may need to keep taking glaucoma drugs. ... Although glaucoma cann …

glaucoma, angle-closure
A form of glaucoma in which the intraocular pressure increases because the angle of the anterior chamber is blocked and the aqueous humor cannot drain from the anterior chamber. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

glaucoma, neovascular
A form of secondary glaucoma which develops as a consequence of another ocular disease and is attributed to the forming of new vessels in the angle of the anterior chamber. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

glaucoma, open-angle
Glaucoma in which the angle of the anterior chamber is open and the trabecular meshwork does not encroach on the base of the iris. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

glaucoma, risk factors
If you belong to a high-risk group for glaucoma, have your eyes examined through dilated pupils every 2 years by an eye care professional. High-risk groups include everyone with a family history of glaucoma, everyone over the age of 60 and any Black over the age of 40. (Among Blacks, studies show that glaucoma is: 5 times more likely to occur in Bl …

glaucoma, symptoms
at first, there are no symptoms. Vision stays normal, and there is no pain. However, as the disease progress, a person with glaucoma may notice the side vision gradually failing. That is, objects in front may still be seen clearly, but objects to the side may be missed. As the disease worsens, the field of vision narrows and blindness results. ... ( …

glaucomatocyclitic
Denoting increased intraocular pressure associated with evidences of cyclitis. ... See: glaucomatocyclitic crisis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glaucomatocyclitic crisis
A form of monocular secondary open-angle glaucoma due to recurrent mild cyclitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glaucomatous cataract
A nuclear opacity usually seen in absolute glaucoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glaucomatous cup
A deep depression of the optic disk combined with optic atrophy; caused by glaucoma. ... Synonym: glaucomatous excavation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glaucomatous excavation
Synonym for glaucomatous cup ... A deep depression of the optic disk combined with optic atrophy; caused by glaucoma. ... Synonym: glaucomatous excavation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glaucomatous halo
A yellowish white ring surrounding the optic disk, indicating atrophy of the choroid in glaucoma. ... Synonym: glaucomatous ring. ... A halo surrounding lights, caused by corneal oedema in glaucoma. ... Synonym: rainbow symptom. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glaucomatous ring
Synonym for glaucomatous halo ... A yellowish white ring surrounding the optic disk, indicating atrophy of the choroid in glaucoma. ... Synonym: glaucomatous ring. ... A halo surrounding lights, caused by corneal oedema in glaucoma. ... Synonym: rainbow symptom. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glaucosuria
An obsolete term for indicanuria. ... Origin: G. Glaukos, bluish green, + ouron, urine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glaucous
Blue-green in colour, with a whitish bloom. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

glaucus
<marine biology> A genus of nudibranchiate mollusks, found in the warmer latitudes, swimming in the open sea. These mollusks are beautifully coloured with blue and silvery white. ... Origin: L, sea green. ... (19 Mar 1998) ...

glazer
1. One who applies glazing, as in pottery manufacture, etc.; one who gives a glasslike or glossy surface to anything; a calenderer or smoother of cloth, paper, and the like. ... 2. A tool or machine used in glazing, polishing, smoothing, etc.; amoung cutlers and lapidaries, a wooden wheel covered with emery, or having a band of lead and tin alloy, f …

Glc
<abbreviation> Gas-liquid chromatography. ... Symbols for the radicals of d-glucose, gluconic and glucuronic acid, glucosamine, N-acetylglucosamine, and glucuronic acid, respectively. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gleason, Donald
<person> U.S. Pathologist, *1920. ... See: Gleason's tumour grade, Gleason's score. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gleason's score
Synonym for Gleason's tumour grade ... A classification of adenocarcinoma of the prostate by evaluation of the pattern of glandular differentiation; the tumour grade, know as Gleason's score, is the sum of the dominant and secondary patterns, each numbered on a scale of 1 to 5. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gleason's tumour grade
A classification of adenocarcinoma of the prostate by evaluation of the pattern of glandular differentiation; the tumour grade, know as Gleason's score, is the sum of the dominant and secondary patterns, each numbered on a scale of 1 to 5. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gleisation
<ecology> A process in saturated or nearly saturated soils which involves the reduction of iron, its segregation into mottles and concretions, or its removal by leaching from the gleyed horizon. ... (17 Dec 1997) ...

Glenn
William W., *1914. ... See: Glenn shunt. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Glenn shunt
Synonym for cavopulmonary anastomosis ... A means of palliating cyanotic heart disease by anastomosing the right pulmonary artery to the superior vena cava. ... Synonym: cavopulmonary shunt, Glenn shunt. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Glenn's operation
Anastomosis between the superior vena cava and the right main pulmonary artery to increase pulmonary blood flow as a palliative correction for tricuspid atresia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Glenner-Lillie stain
<technique> For pituitary, a modification of Mann's methyl blue-eosin stain which changes the dye proportions, buffering the dye mixture, and staining at 60°C; basophils are stained blue to black, acidophils are dark red, chromophobe granules are gray to pink, and erythrocytes are orange; with modification, the method is also useful for enter …

Glenner, George
<person> U.S. Pathologist and histologist, *1927. ... See: Glenner-Lillie stain for pituitary. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glenohumeral
Relating to the glenoid cavity and the humerus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glenohumeral articulation
Synonym for shoulder joint ... A ball-and-socket synovial joint between the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapula. ... Synonym: articulatio humeri, glenohumeral articulation, humeral articulation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glenohumeral ligaments
Three fibrous bands that reinforce the anterior part of the articular capsule of the shoulder joint; they are in continuity with the glenoid labrum at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula and blend with the fibrous capsule as it attaches to the anatomic neck of the humerus. ... Synonym: ligamenta glenohumeralia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glenoid cavity
Synonym for mandibular fossa ... A deep hollow in the squamous portion of the temporal bone at the root of the zygoma, in which rests the condyle of the mandible. ... Synonym: cavitas glenoidalis, fossa mandibularis, articular fossa of temporal bone, glenoid cavity, glenoid fossa, glenoid surface. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glenoid fossa
The hollow in the head of the scapula that receives the head of the humerus to make the shoulder joint. ... Synonym: mandibular fossa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glenoid labrum
A ring of fibrocartilage attached to the margin of the glenoid cavity of the scapula to increase its depth. ... Synonym: labrum glenoidale, articular margin, circumferential cartilage, glenoid ligament, glenoidal lip, ligamentum glenoidale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glenoid ligament
Synonym for glenoid labrum ... A ring of fibrocartilage attached to the margin of the glenoid cavity of the scapula to increase its depth. ... Synonym: labrum glenoidale, articular margin, circumferential cartilage, glenoid ligament, glenoidal lip, ligamentum glenoidale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glenoid surface
Synonym for mandibular fossa ... A deep hollow in the squamous portion of the temporal bone at the root of the zygoma, in which rests the condyle of the mandible. ... Synonym: cavitas glenoidalis, fossa mandibularis, articular fossa of temporal bone, glenoid cavity, glenoid fossa, glenoid surface. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glenoidal lip
Synonym for glenoid labrum ... A ring of fibrocartilage attached to the margin of the glenoid cavity of the scapula to increase its depth. ... Synonym: labrum glenoidale, articular margin, circumferential cartilage, glenoid ligament, glenoidal lip, ligamentum glenoidale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gley
Marcel E.E., French physiologist, 1857-1930. ... See: Gley's glands. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gley's gland
Synonym for parathyroid gland ... <anatomy, endocrinology> Four small endocrine glands lying close or embedded in the posterior surface of the thyroid gland. They secrete the hormone parathormone. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

glia
<pathology> Supportive tissue of the brain. There are three types of glial tissue: astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglia. Glial cells do not conduct electrical impulses, as opposed to neurons. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

gliacyte
<pathology> A branching glial cell found in the neuroglia. ... (17 Dec 1997) ...

gliadin
<protein> A protein which is present in wheat flour. It is a component of gluten and, together with the protein glutelin, helps make bread porous and spongy after baking. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

glial
Pertaining to glia or neuroglia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glial cell
<pathology> Specialised cells that surround neurons, providing mechanical and physical support and electrical insulation between neurons. ... (17 Dec 1997) ...

glial fibrillary acidic protein
<protein> This protein, found in microfilaments of glial cells, helps distinguish glial from nonglial tumours. A laboratory stain is used to test for its presence. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

glial filament
<cell biology> Intermediate filaments of glial cells, made of glial fibrillary acidic protein. ... (17 Dec 1997) ...

glial limiting membrane
A dense, resilient membrane forming the true capsule of the brain and spinal cord, composed of the processes of astrocytes (macroglia cells) and covered throughout by the pia mater, which firmly adheres to it; the two membranes are collectively called the pial-glial membrane. ... Synonym: membrana limitans gliae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glicentin
<protein> Peptide fragment cleaved from glucagon by prohormone convertase. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

gliclazide
<chemical> N-(((hexahydrocyclopenta(c)pyrrol-2(1h)-yl)amino)carbonyl)- 4-methylbenzenesulfonamide. An oral sulfonylurea hypoglycaemic agent which stimulates insulin secretion. ... Pharmacological action: hypoglycaemic agents. ... Chemical name: Benzenesulfonamide, N-(((hexahydrocyclopenta(c)pyrrol-2(1H)-yl)amino)carbonyl)-4-methyl- ... (12 Dec 1 …

gliding bacteria
<microbiology> A type of bacteria which moves by gliding or creeping along solid substrates. ... (17 Dec 1997) ...

gliding joint
Synonym for plane joint ... A synovial joint in which the opposing surfaces are nearly planes and in which there is only a slight, gliding motion, as in the intermetacarpal joints. ... Synonym: articulatio plana, arthrodia, arthrodial articulation, arthrodial joint, gliding joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gliding occlusion
Synonym for dental articulation ... <dentistry> The contact relationship of the occlusal surfaces of the upper and lower teeth when moving into and away from centric occlusion. ... Synonym: gliding occlusion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glio-
Glue, gluelike (relating specifically to the neuroglia). ... Origin: G. Glia, glue ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glioblast
An early neural cell developing, like the neuroblast, from the early ependymal cell of the neural tube; gives rise to neuroglial and ependymal cells, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. ... See: spongioblast. ... Origin: Glio-+ G. Blastos, germ ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glioblastoma
Synonym for glioblastoma multiforme ... <oncology, tumour> A malignant brain tumour that accounts for 75% of glial tumours (arising from glial cells in the brain). Treatment is difficult and consists of a combination of radiation therapy and surgery. ... (17 Dec 1997) ...

glioblastoma multiforme
<oncology, tumour> A malignant brain tumour that accounts for 75% of glial tumours (arising from glial cells in the brain). Treatment is difficult and consists of a combination of radiation therapy and surgery. ... (17 Dec 1997) ...

glioblastosis cerebri
Synonym for gliomatosis cerebri ... A diffuse intracranial neoplasm of astrocytic origin. ... Synonym: astrocytosis cerebri, glioblastosis cerebri. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glioma
<oncology, tumour> Neuroectodermal tumour of neuroglial origin: include astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma and ependymoma derived from astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and ependymal cells respectively. All infiltrate the adjacent brain tissue, but they do not metastasise. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

glioma of optic chiasm
A slow-growing tumour, usually an astrocytoma, of the optic chiasm in children. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glioma of the spinal cord
A glial tumour of the spinal cord, commonly an ependymoma; neoplasms of the spinal cord are relatively rare, but glioma's constitute approximately one-fourth of the total. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glioma, subependymal
An ependymoma in which there is a diffuse proliferation of subependymal fibrillary astrocytes among the ependymal tumour cells. Discrete lobulated ependymal nodules in the walls of the anterior third or posterior fourth ventricle are commonly found at autopsy. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gliomatosis
Neoplastic growth of neuroglial cells in the brain or spinal cord; the term is used especially with reference to a relatively large neoplasm or to multiple foci. ... Synonym: neurogliomatosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gliomatosis cerebri
A diffuse intracranial neoplasm of astrocytic origin. ... Synonym: astrocytosis cerebri, glioblastosis cerebri. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gliomatous
P ertaining to or characterised by a glioma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gliomyxoma
<tumour> A myxoma that contains a considerable amount of proliferating glial cells and fibres. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glioneuroma
<tumour> A ganglioneuroma derived from neurons, with numerous glial cells and fibres in the matrix. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gliopil
<pathology> A matrix of glial cell processes composed mostly of astrocytes. ... (17 Dec 1997) ...

gliosarcoma
A glioma consisting of immature, undifferentiated, pleomorphic, spindle-shaped cells with relatively large, hyperchromatic, frequently bizarre nuclei and poorly formed fibrillary processes. It is sometimes used as a term for a malignant neoplasm derived from connective tissue (e.g., that associated with blood vessels in the brain) in which there ar …

gliosis
The production of a dense fibrous network of neuroglia; includes astrocytosis, which is a proliferation of astrocytes in the area of a degenerative lesion. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gliosis uteri
Foetal neural tissue persisting or recurring locally as a benign condition in the endometrium or cervix; possibly derived from a homograft of foetal glial stroma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gliosome
<cell biology> A small granule found in the cytoplasm of glial cells. ... Origin: Gr. Soma = body ... (17 Dec 1997) ...

gliotoxin
<chemical> A toxic substance which acts mainly against certain viruses by preventing replication of viral DNA. It also has harmful effects on bacteria and fungi. It is produced by certain fungi, including Trichoderma viride. ... (17 Dec 1997) ...

glipizide
<drug> An oral hypoglycemic agent (a prescription drug that people take to lower the level of glucose in the blood). ... The drug is useful for patients whose pancreas still produces some insulin and acts by stimulating the pancreas to release more insulin. ... (17 Dec 1997) ...

Glisson
Francis, English physician, anatomist, physiologist and pathologist, 1597-1677. ... See: Glisson's capsule, Glisson's cirrhosis, Glisson's sphincter. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Glisson's capsule
Synonym for fibrous capsule of liver ... A layer of connective tissue ensheathing the hepatic artery, portal vein, and bile ducts as these ramify within the liver. ... Synonym: capsula fibrosa perivascularis, perivascular fibrous capsule. ... Connective tissue capsule surrounding the outer surface of the liver, but continuous with septae of some anima …

Glisson's cirrhosis
Chronic perihepatitis with thickening and subsequent contraction, resulting in atrophy and deformity of the liver. ... Synonym: capsular cirrhosis of liver. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Glisson's sphincter
Synonym for sphincter of hepatopancreatic ampulla ... The smooth muscle sphincter of the hepatopancreatic ampulla within the duodenal papilla. ... Synonym: musculus sphincter ampullae hepatopancreaticae, Glisson's sphincter, hepatopancreatic sphincter, Oddi's sphincter. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glissonitis
Inflammation of Glisson's capsule, or the connective tissue surrounding the portal vein and the hepatic artery and bile ducts. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glitter cells
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes that stain pale blue with gentian violet and contain cytoplasmic granules that exhibit brownian movement; observed in urine sediment and characteristic of pyelonephritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...