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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

Glossina pallidipes
A species that is the principal transmitter of nagana; it also transmits Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Glossina palpalis
A species of Glossina that transmits Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, one of the pathogenic parasites of West African, Gambian, or chronic sleeping sickness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossinidae
A family of the order diptera that includes the tsetse flies. These flies occur only in africa. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

glossitis
<pathology> Inflammation of the tongue. ... (14 Oct 1997) ...

glossitis areata exfoliativa
Synonym for geographic tongue ... <clinical sign> A benign condition where there is a map-like appearance to the tongue resulting from irregular denuded patches in the surface (loss of tongue papillae). ... Likely secondary to local irritation from hot or spicy foods, alcohol or tobacco. There are no significant complications. ... (27 Sep 1997)< …

glossitis desiccans
A painful affection of the tongue, of unknown origin, in which the surface becomes raw and fissured. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossitis, benign migratory
An inflammatory disease of the tongue of unknown aetiology, characterised by multiple annular areas of desquamation of the filiform papillae on the dorsal surface of the tongue, usually presenting pinkish-red central lesions outlined by thin, yellowish lines or bands that change patterns and shift from one area to another every few days. ... (12 Dec …

glosso-
Language; corresponds to L. Linguo-. ... Compare: linguo-. ... Origin: G. Glossa, tongue ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossocele
Protrusion of the tongue from the mouth, owing to its excessive size. ... See: macroglossia. ... Origin: Glosso-+ G. Kele, tumour, hernia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossocinesthetic
Synonym for glossokinesthetic ... Denoting the subjective sensation of the movements of the tongue. ... Synonym: glossocinesthetic. ... Origin: Glosso-+ G. Kinesis, movement, + aisthetikos, perceptive ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossodontotropism
A manifestation of tension or anxiety in which the tongue is attracted to the teeth or to dental faults. ... Origin: Glosso-+ G. Odous (odont-), tooth, + trope, a turning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossodynamometer
An apparatus for estimating the contractile force of the tongue muscles. ... Origin: Glosso-+ G. Dynamis, power, + metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossodynia
<symptom> Pain in the tongue, glossalgia. ... Origin: Gr. Odyn = pain ... (14 Oct 1997) ...

glossodyniotropism
Apparent satisfaction from subjecting the tongue to a pain-inducing dental fault; considered by some to be a masochistic behaviour or manifestation. ... Origin: Glosso-+ G. Odyne, pain, + trope, a turning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossoepiglottic ligament
<anatomy> An elastic ligamentous band passing from the base of the tongue to the epiglottis in the middle glossoepiglottic fold. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossograph
An instrument for recording the movements of the tongue in speaking. ... Origin: Glosso-+ G. Grapho, to write ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossokinesthetic
Denoting the subjective sensation of the movements of the tongue. ... Synonym: glossocinesthetic. ... Origin: Glosso-+ G. Kinesis, movement, + aisthetikos, perceptive ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossolabiolaryngeal paralysis
Synonym for progressive bulbar paralysis ... Progressive weakness and atrophy of the muscles of the tongue, lips, palate, pharynx, and larynx, usually occurring in later life; most often caused by motor neuron disease. ... Synonym: bulbar palsy, bulbar paralysis, Duchenne's disease, Erb disease, glossolabiolaryngeal paralysis, glossolabiopharyngeal p …

glossolalia
Rarely used term for unintelligible jargon or babbling. ... Origin: Glosso-+ G. Lalia, talk, chat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossolysis
Paralysis of the tongue. ... Synonym: glossoplegia. ... Origin: Glosso-+ G. Lysis, a loosening ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossoncus
Any swelling involving the tongue, including neoplasms. ... Origin: Glosso-+ G. Onkos, mass, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossopalatine arch
Synonym for palatoglossal arch ... One of a pair of ridges or folds of mucous membrane passing from the soft palate to the side of the tongue; it encloses the palatoglossus muscle and forms anterior margin of the tonsillar fossa. Also demarcates oral cavity from isthmus of fauces. ... Synonym: arcus palatoglossus, anterior palatine arch, anterior pil …

glossopalatine fold
Synonym for palatoglossal arch ... One of a pair of ridges or folds of mucous membrane passing from the soft palate to the side of the tongue; it encloses the palatoglossus muscle and forms anterior margin of the tonsillar fossa. Also demarcates oral cavity from isthmus of fauces. ... Synonym: arcus palatoglossus, anterior palatine arch, anterior pil …

glossopalatinus
Synonym: palatoglossus muscle. ... Origin: Glosso-+ Mod. L. Palatinus, fr. L. Palatum, palate ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossopalatolabial paralysis
Synonym for progressive bulbar palsy ... One of the subgroups of motor neuron disease; a progressive degenerative disorder of the motor neurons of primarily the brainstem, manifested as weakness (and wasting) of the various bulbar muscles, resulting in dysarthria and dysphagia-fluid regurgitation is an outstanding symptom and can cause aspiration; t …

glossopathy
A disease of the tongue. ... Origin: Glosso-+ G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossopharyngeal breathing
Respiration unaided by the usual primary muscles of respiration; the air is forced into the lungs by use of the tongue and muscles of the pharynx. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossopharyngeal nerve
<anatomy, nerve> The glossopharyngeal nerve enervates muscles involved in swallowing and taste. Lesions of the ninth nerve result in difficulty swallowing and disturbance of taste. ... Synonym: cranial nerve IX. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

glossopharyngeal neuralgia
Paroxysmal lancinating pain in the throat or palate. ... Synonym: glossopharyngeal tic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossopharyngeal tic
Synonym for glossopharyngeal neuralgia ... Paroxysmal lancinating pain in the throat or palate. ... Synonym: glossopharyngeal tic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossopharyngeolabial paralysis
Synonym for progressive bulbar palsy ... One of the subgroups of motor neuron disease; a progressive degenerative disorder of the motor neurons of primarily the brainstem, manifested as weakness (and wasting) of the various bulbar muscles, resulting in dysarthria and dysphagia-fluid regurgitation is an outstanding symptom and can cause aspiration; t …

glossopharyngeus
See: superior constrictor muscle of pharynx. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossoplasty
Plastic surgery of the tongue. ... Origin: Glosso-+ G. Plastos, formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossoplegia
Synonym: glossolysis. ... Origin: Glosso-+ G. Plege, stroke ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossoptosis
Glossoptosia ... Downward displacement of the tongue. ... Origin: Glosso-+ G. Ptosis, a falling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossopyrosis
Synonym: glossodynia. ... Origin: Glosso-+ G. Pyrosis, a burning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossorrhaphy
Suture of a wound of the tongue. ... Origin: Glosso-+ G. Rhaphe, suture ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossospasm
Spasmodic contraction of the tongue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossosteresis
Synonym for glossectomy ... <procedure> Partial or total surgical excision of the tongue. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

glossotomy
<procedure> Any cutting operation on the tongue, usually to obtain access to further reaches of the pharynx. ... Origin: Glosso-+ G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossotrichia
Synonym: hairy tongue. ... Origin: Glosso-+ G. Thrix, hair ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glossy skin
Shiny atrophy of the skin, usually of the hands, following nerve injury. ... Synonym: atrophoderma neuriticum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glottic
Relating to the tongue or the glottis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glottidospasm
Synonym for laryngospasm ... The sudden acute spasm of the vocal cords (and epiglottis) that can result in occlusion of the airway and death. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

glottis
<anatomy> The vocal apparatus of the larynx, consisting of the true vocal cords (plica) vocalis) and the opening between them (rima glottidis). ... (14 Oct 1997) ...

glottis respiratoria
Synonym for intercartilaginous part of rima glottidis ... The opening between the vocal processes of the arytenoid cartilages. ... Synonym: pars intercartilaginea rimae glottidis, glottis respiratoria, intercartilaginous part of glottic opening. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glottis spuria
Synonym for rima vestibuli ... The interval between the false vocal cords or vestibular folds. ... Synonym: false glottis, glottis spuria, rima respiratoria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glottis vera
Synonym for rima glottidis ... The interval between the true vocal cords. ... Synonym: glottis vera, rima vocalis, true glottis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glottis vocalis
Synonym for intermembranous part of rima glottidis ... The portion of the opening anterior to the vocal processes of the arytenoid cartilages bounded by the vocal ligaments. ... Synonym: pars intermembranacea rimae glottidis, glottis vocalis, intermembranous part of glottic opening. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glottitis
Inflammation of the glottic portion of the larynx. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glove anaesthesia
Loss of sensation in the distal upper extremity, i.e., the hand and fingers. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glove juice test
<investigation> A test of how effective a particular antimicrobial surgical hand scrub is at disinfecting. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

gloved-finger sign
In chest radiology, the appearance of mucoid impaction of branching bronchi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Glover
J.A., 20th century British physician. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Glover phenomenon
Nonrandom (i.e., haphazard) variation among communities in rates of performing common elective procedures, such as tonsillectomy, hysterectomy, attributable to local variations in medical and surgical practices. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glover's suture
A continuous suture in which each stitch is passed through the loop of the preceding one. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gloves, protective
Coverings for the hands, usually with separations for the fingers, made of various materials, for protection against infections, toxic substances, extremes of hot and cold, radiations, water immersion, etc. The gloves may be worn by patients, care givers, housewives, laboratory and industrial workers, police, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gloves, surgical
Gloves, usually rubber, worn by surgeons, examining physicians, dentists, and other health personnel for the mutual protection of personnel and patient. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

glow
1. To shine with an intense or white heat; to give forth vivid light and heat; to be incandenscent. 'Glows in the stars, and blossoms in the trees.' (Pope) ... 2. To exhibit a strong, bright colour; to be brilliant, as if with heat; to be bright or red with heat or animation, with blushes, etc. 'Clad in a gown that glows with Tyrian rays.' (Dryden) …

glow discharge
<radiobiology> Low-density, low-temperature plasma discharge (such as in a fluorescent light) which, well, glows. Sputtering in glow discharges is useful in plasma processing of materials. The voltage applied to the plasma must be greater than the ionisation potential of the gas used, most of the plasma voltage drop is near the cathode, where …

glowworm
<zoology> A coleopterous insect of the genus Lampyris; especially, the wingless females and larvae of the two European species (L. Noctiluca, and L. Splendidula), which emit light from some of the abdominal segments. 'Like a glowworm in the night, The which hath fire in darkness, none in light.' (Shak) ... The male is winged, and is supposed t …

Glp
Synonym for 5-oxoproline ... A keto derivative of proline that is formed nonenzymatically from glutamate, glutamine, and gamma-glutamylated peptides; it is also produced by the action of gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase; elevated levels of 5-oxoproline are often associated with problems of glutamine or glutathione metabolism. ... Synonym: 5-pyrrolidone …

Glu
Symbol for glutamic acid or its acyl radical, glutamyl. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glucaemia
An obsolete term for glycaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glucagon
A polypeptide hormone (3485 D) secreted by the cells of the Islets of Langerhans in response to a fall in blood sugar levels. Induces hyperglycaemia. A family of structurally related peptides includes glucagon like peptides 1 & 2 (encoded by the same gene), gastric inhibitory polypeptide, secretin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, growth hormone …

glucagonoma
Glucagon-secreting tumour of the pancreatic alpha cells characterised by a distinctive rash, weight loss, stomatitis, glossitis, diabetes, hypoaminoacidemia, and normochromic normocytic anaemia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

glucagonoma syndrome
<syndrome> Necrolytic migratory erythema or intertriginous and periorificial dermatitis, stomatitis, anaemia, weight loss, and hyperglycaemia resulting from glucagon-secreting pancreatic islet cell tumours. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glucal
Synonym for glycal ... An unsaturated sugar derivative in which the adjacent hydroxyl groups are removed, one of which is that upon the carbon-1 of the aldose (or carbon-2 of the ketose), yielding a CH==CH between these two positions. ... Synonym: glucal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glucan
One of a group of polysaccharide sugars composed of D-glucose monomers linked together by glycosidic bonds. ... Examples of glucans are dextran, laminarin, and lichenin. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

glucan 1,3-beta-glucosidase
<enzyme> Chemical name: exo-1,3-beta-glucanase ... Registry number: EC 3.2.1.58 ... Synonym: beta-(1-3)-glucanase, exoglucanase, 1,3-beta-glucanase, antiviral tobacco protein gp35, exo-1,3 beta-d-glucosidase, exg1 gene product, exoglucanase II, beta-1,3-glucanase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

glucan 1,4-alpha-glucosidase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of terminal 1,4-linked alpha-d-glucose residues successively from non-reducing ends of polysaccharide chains with the release of beta-glucose. It is also able to hydrolyze 1,6-alpha-glucosidic bonds when the next bond in sequence is 1,4. ... Chemical name: 1,4-alpha-D-Glucan glucohydrolase ... Re …

glucan 1,4-alpha-maltohexaosidase
<enzyme> From klebsiella pneumoniae; hydrolyzes 1,4-alpha-d-glucosidic linkages in amylaceous polysaccharides so as to remove successive maltohexaose residues from the non-reducing ends ... Registry number: EC 3.2.1.98 ... Synonym: exo-maltohexao-hydrolase, extracellular maltohexaose-forming amylase, bacillus maltohexaose-forming amylase, g6-am …

glucan 1,4-maltotetraohydrolase
<enzyme> Releases successive maltotetraose residues from the non-reducing chain ends of amylaceous polysaccharides ... Chemical name: 1,4-alpha-d-glucan maltotetraohydrolase ... Registry number: EC 3.2.1.60 ... Synonym: maltotetraose-forming amylase, maltotetraohydrolase, exo-maltotetraohydrolase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

glucan 1,6-alpha-isomaltosidase
<enzyme> Hydrolyzes 1,6-alpha-d-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides so as to remove successive isomaltose units from the non-reducing ends of the chains; from arthrobacter globiformis; mw 66 kD; genbank d30761 ... Registry number: EC 3.2.1.94 ... Synonym: isomalto-dextranase, 1,6-alpha-d-glucan isomaltohydrolase, imd gene product, exo-isomal …

glucan endo-1,3-beta-d-glucosidase
<enzyme> An enzyme that hydrolyzes 1,3-beta-d-glucosidic linkages in 1,3-beta-d-glucans including laminarin, paramylon, and pachyman. ... Chemical name: 1,3-beta-D-Glucan glucanohydrolase ... Registry number: EC 3.2.1.39 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

glucan synthase
<enzyme> Do not confuse with EC 2.4.1.34, which is 1,3-beta-glucan synthase or EC 2.4.1.12 which is 1,4-beta-glucan synthase ... Registry number: EC 2.4.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

glucan-1,4-glucosidase
<enzyme> An enzyme which removes the last 1,4-linked alpha-D- glucose residue from the nonreducing end of a long chain (or polymer) of such residues, making abeta-D-glucose molecule out of it in the process. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

glucans
Glucose containing polysaccharides, including cellulose, callose, laminaran, starch and glycogen. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

glucaric acid
<chemical> D-glucaric acid. A sugar acid derived from d-glucose in which both the aldehydic carbon atom and the carbon atom bearing the primary hydroxyl group are oxidised to carboxylic acid groups. ... Chemical name: Glucaric acid ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

glucases
An obsolete term for enzymes cleaving starch to glucose. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gluceptate
USAN-approved contraction for glucoheptonate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glucinum
<chemistry> A rare metallic element, of a silver white colour, and low specific gravity (2.1), resembling magnesium. It never occurs naturally in the free state, but is always combined, usually with silica or alumina, or both; as in the minerals phenacite, chrysoberyl, beryl or emerald, euclase, and danalite. It was named from its oxide gluci …

gluciphore
Term coined for chemical groups believed to be responsible for sweet taste. ... Origin: G. Glykys, sweet, + phoros, bearing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gluco-
Combining form denoting relationship to glucose. ... See: glyco-. ... Origin: G. Gleukos, sweet new wine, sweetness ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glucoamylase
<enzyme> An enzyme that breaks down starches and dextrins into glucose. The enzyme is produced by fungi, especially those in the Aspergillus genus. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

glucoascorbic acid
3-Keto-d-glucoheptonofuranolactone;a compound resembling ascorbic acid but with an additional -CHOH-between C-5 and C-6 of ascorbic acid; shows toxic effects on addition to diet which apparently are not caused by ascorbic acid antagonism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glucocerebrosidase deficiency
Causes Gaucher's disease (type 1), a progressive genetic disease due to an enzyme defect. The enzyme, glucocerebrosidase, is needed to break down the chemical glucocerebroside. The enzyme defect in persons with Gaucher's disease (GD) leads to the accumulation of glucocerebroside in the spleen, liver, and lymph nodes. The most common early sign is e …

glucocerebroside
<biochemistry> A cerebroside (a sugar lipid complex) which includes the sugar glucose. ... The acid amide part of a fatty acid which has glucosidic linkages. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

glucocorticoid
<pharmacology> Corticosteroid substances (drugs or hormones) that are involved in carbohydrate metabolism by promoting gluconeogenesis and the formation of glycogen at the expense of lipid and protein synthesis. They are steroid based and possess anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. Glucocorticoids are also produced normally by …

glucocorticoids
A group of corticosteroids that affect carbohydrate metabolism (gluconeogenesis, liver glycogen deposition, elevation of blood sugar), inhibit corticotropin secretion, and possess pronounced anti-inflammatory activity. They also play a role in fat and protein metabolism, maintenance of arterial blood pressure, alteration of the connective tissue re …

glucocorticoids, synthetic
<chemical> Synthetic chemical compounds which increase gluconeogenesis, raising the concentration of liver glycogen and blood sugar, but differ in structure from naturally occurring glucocorticoids. ... Pharmacological action: steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, topical anti-inflammatory agents. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

glucocorticoids, topical
A class of corticosteroids that produces suppression of inflammatory diseases when applied as ointments, lotions, or other topical dosage forms. Penetration of the preparations may be increased by means of occlusive dressings. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

glucocorticosteroids
Medications used to decrease swelling around tumours. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

glucocorticotrophic
Denoting a principle of the anterior hypophysis that stimulates the production of glucocorticoid hormones of the adrenal cortex; no hormone exerting only this effect has been identified, but ACTH does stimulate adrenal corticoid production. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glucocyamine
Synonym for glycocyamine ... HN==C(NH2)NH-CH2COOH; 2-guanidinoacetic acid;formed by the transfer of the amidine group from l-arginine to glycine. ... Synonym: glucocyamine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glucofuranose
Glucose in furanose form. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glucogenesis
The making of molecules of the sugar glucose within a living cell from something other than glycogen (a polysaccharide of glucose molecules). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

glucogenic
Giving rise to or producing glucose. ... Synonym: glucoplastic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

glucogenic amino acid
<biochemistry> A type of amino acid with carbon chains that can be broken down into an intermediate of the citric acid cycle such as glycogen and then converted into glucose as a means of entering the normal process of carbohydrate metabolism in the body. ... Examples include: Glycine, alanine, arginine, and ornithine. ... (14 Oct 1997) ...

glucohemia
An obsolete term for glycaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...