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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

gonadorelin
<chemical> A decapeptide hormone released by the hypothalamus that stimulates the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh) and luteinizing hormone (lh) from the pituitary gland. ... Chemical name: Luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (pig) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gonadorelin hydrochloride
C55H75N17O13-xHCl;a gonadotropin-releasing hormone obtained from sheep, pigs, or other animals and used to evaluate the functional capacity of the gonadotrophs of the anterior pituitary. ... Origin: Gonadotropin-releasing + -in ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonadotroph
An endocrine cell of the adenohypophysis that affects certain cells of the ovary or testis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonadotrophic
<endocrinology> Stimulating the gonads, applied to hormones of the anterior pituitary which influence the gonads. ... Origin: Gr. Tropos = a turning ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

gonadotrophic cycle
One complete round of ovarian development in the insect vector from the time when the blood meal is taken to the time when the fully developed eggs are laid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonadotrophin
<endocrinology, hormone> A hormone capable of promoting gonadal growth and function. ... The effects are usually limited to discrete functions or histological components of a gonad, such as stimulation of follicular growth or of androgen formation. Most gonadotrophin's exert their effects in both sexes, although the effect of a given gonadotro …

gonadotrophin-producing adenoma
<tumour> A rare type of pituitary adenoma that produces FSH and LH; its cells can be identified only by immunochemical techniques. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonadotrophin-releasing hormone
<hormone> The peptide hormone that control reproductive function. ... It produced and released by the hypothalamus and controls the production and release of gonadotrophins from the pituitary gland. ... It causes the production of luteinising hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone. ... Synonym: gonadotropin-releasing factor, gonadotropin-relea …

gonadotrophins
<endocrinology> Group of glycoprotein hormones from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. They stimulate growth of the gonads and the secretion of sex hormones. ... Examples: follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone, chorionic gonadotrophin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

gonadotropic
1. Descriptive of or relating to the actions of a gonadotropin. ... 2. Promoting the growth and/or function of the gonads. ... Synonym: gonadotrophic. ... Origin: Gonado-+ G. Trope, a turning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonadotropic hormone
Synonym for gonadotrophin ... <endocrinology, hormone> A hormone capable of promoting gonadal growth and function. ... The effects are usually limited to discrete functions or histological components of a gonad, such as stimulation of follicular growth or of androgen formation. Most gonadotrophin's exert their effects in both sexes, although th …

gonadotropin
Synonym for gonadotrophin ... <endocrinology, hormone> A hormone capable of promoting gonadal growth and function. ... The effects are usually limited to discrete functions or histological components of a gonad, such as stimulation of follicular growth or of androgen formation. Most gonadotrophin's exert their effects in both sexes, although th …

gonadotropin-producing adenoma
Synonym for gonadotrophin-producing adenoma ... <tumour> A rare type of pituitary adenoma that produces FSH and LH; its cells can be identified only by immunochemical techniques. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonadotropin-releasing factor
Synonym for gonadotrophin-releasing hormone ... <hormone> The peptide hormone that control reproductive function. ... It produced and released by the hypothalamus and controls the production and release of gonadotrophins from the pituitary gland. ... It causes the production of luteinising hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone. ... Synonym: go …

gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Synonym for gonadotrophin-releasing hormone ... <hormone> The peptide hormone that control reproductive function. ... It produced and released by the hypothalamus and controls the production and release of gonadotrophins from the pituitary gland. ... It causes the production of luteinising hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone. ... Synonym: go …

gonadotropin, human chorionic
A human hormone made by chorionic cells (in the foetal part of the placenta), hCG is directed at the gonads and stimulates them. HCG becomes detectable (by immunologic means) within days of fertilization and forms the foundation of the common pregnancy tests. The level of hCG in maternal serum also enters as one component in the double and the trip …

gonadotropins
Synonym for gonadotrophins ... <endocrinology> Group of glycoprotein hormones from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. They stimulate growth of the gonads and the secretion of sex hormones. ... Examples: follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone, chorionic gonadotrophin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

gonadotropins, equine
Polypeptide hormones secreted in pregnant mares at the junction of the placenta and endometrial cups. Preparations of this taken from the blood serum of pregnant mares have been used in the treatment of infertility, pituitary dwarfism, cryptorchidism, and other conditions in both human males and females. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gonads
<anatomy> The gamete-producing glands, ovary or testis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gonaduct
Synonym: seminal duct, uterine tube. ... Origin: Gonado-+ duct ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonalgia
Pain in the knee. ... Origin: G. Gony, knee, + algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonane
The hypothetical parent hydrocarbon molecule of gonadal steroid hormones, such as estrane or androstane, which was conceived to achieve forms of systematic nomenclature. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonanes
Steroids containing the fundamental tetracyclic unit with no methyl groups at c-10 and c-13 and with no side chain at c-17. The concept includes both saturated and unsaturated derivatives. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

gonarthritis
Inflammation of the knee joint. ... Origin: G. Gony, knee, + arthron, joint, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonarthrotomy
<procedure> Incision into the knee joint. ... Origin: G. Gony, knee, + arthron, joint, + tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonatagra
An obsolete term for gout in the knee. ... Origin: G. Gony, knee, + agra, seizure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonatocele
An obsolete term for tumour of the knee. ... Origin: G. Gony, knee, + kele, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gondola
1. A long, narrow boat with a high prow and stern, used in the canals of Venice. A gondola is usually propelled by one or two oarsmen who stand facing the prow, or by poling. A gondola for passengers has a small open cabin amidships, for their protection against the sun or rain. A sumptuary law of Venice required that gondolas should be painted bla …

gonecyst
Synonym: seminal vesicle. ... Origin: G. Gone, seed, + kystis, bladder ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonecystolith
An obsolete term for a concretion or calculus in a seminal vesicle. ... Origin: Gonecyst + G. Kystis, bladder, + lithos, stone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gongylonaemiasis
Infection of animals and rarely humans with nematodes of the genus Gongylonema. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gongylonema
An important genus of spiruroid nematodes that parasitise the alimentary canal of birds and mammals; transmitted via various insects, especially beetles, carrying the encysted infective larvae. Several species are of veterinary importance, and one is also known to parasitise humans. ... Origin: Gr. Gongylos, round, + nema, thread ... (05 Mar 2000) …

Gongylonema ingluvicola
Species parasitic in the mucosa of the crop, oesophagus, and proventriculus of chickens, turkeys, and quail; transmitted by beetles, it tunnels into the crop wall but is relatively nonpathogenic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gongylonema neoplasticum
Species parasitic in the stomach or oesophagus epithelium of various rodents, rabbits, and sheep and transmitted by coprophagous beetles; it is often associated with benign proliferations, once thought to be neoplastic, in the stomach and oesophagus of infected, malnourished rats. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gongylonema pulchrum
The gullet worm of cattle; a species that penetrates the submucosa of the oesophagus or rumen of many domestic and wild ruminants, pigs, bears, and humans (human cases are chiefly caused by immature worms); it is transmitted by coprophagous beetles and is of worldwide distribution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonia
Plural of gonion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonio-
Angle. ... Origin: G. Gonia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

goniocraniometry
Measurement of the angles of the cranium. ... Origin: G. Gonia, angle, + kranion, skull, + metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

goniodysgenesis
Developmental aberration of the anterior ocular segment. ... Origin: G. Gonia, angle, + dysgenesis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

goniometer
1. An instrument for measuring angles. ... 2. An appliance for the static test of labyrinthine disease, which consists of a plank, one end of which may be raised to any desired height; as one end of the plank is gradually raised, the point at which a patient loses balance is noted. ... 3. A calibrated device designed to measure the arc or range of mo …

goniometre
<microscopy> An instrument for measuring the interfacial angles of a crystal. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

goniometre ocular
<microscopy> A special type of ocular fitted with crosslines and a graduated head which rotates the crosslines to facilitate the measuring of angles, as in crystallography. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

gonion
The lowest posterior and most outward point of the angle of the mandible. In cephalometrics, it is measured by bisecting the angle formed by the tangents to the lower and the posterior borders of the mandible; when the angles of both sides of the mandible appear on the lateral radiograph, a point midway between the right and left side is used. ... O …

goniophotometre
<microscopy> Photometre for measuring the directional light distribution characteristic of sources, lighting fittings, media and success. ... Synonym: distribution photometre. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

goniopuncture
An operation for congenital glaucoma in which a puncture is made in the filtration angle of the anterior chamber. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonioscope
<instrument> A lens designed to study the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye. ... Origin: G. Gonia, angle, + skopeo, to examine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonioscopy
<procedure> Examination of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye with the gonioscope. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

goniosynechia
Adhesion of the iris to the posterior surface of the cornea in the angle of the anterior chamber; associated with angle-closure glaucoma. ... Synonym: peripheral anterior synechia. ... Origin: G. Gonia, angle, + synechis, holding together ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

goniotomy
<procedure> Surgical opening of the trabecular meshwork in congenital glaucoma. ... Origin: G. Gonia, angle, + tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonitis
An obsolete term for inflammation of the knee. ... Origin: G. Gony, knee, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gono-opsonin
A specific gonococcal opsonin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonocele
A cystic lesion of the epididymis or rete testis, resulting from obstruction and containing secretions from the testis. ... Origin: G. Gone, seed, + kele, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonochorism
Separation of the sexes in different individuals; opposed to hermaphroditism. ... In ontogony, differentiation of male and female individuals from embryos having the same rudimentary sexual organs. ... In phylogeny, the evolution of distinct sexes in species previously hermaphrodite or sexless. ... Origin: Gr. Offspring + to separate. ... Source: Webst …

gonocide
1. Destructive to the gonococcus. ... 2. An agent that kills gonococci. ... Synonym: gonococcicide. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonococcaemia
The presence of gonococci in the circulating blood. ... Synonym: gonohemia. ... Origin: Gonococcus + G. Haima, blood ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonococcal
Relating to the gonococcus. ... Synonym: gonococcic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonococcal arthritis
Joint space infection in humans caused by disseminated Neisseria gonorrhoeae; characteristically monarticular, but may be polyarticular. ... Synonym: gonorrhoeal arthritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonococcal conjunctivitis
A type of hyperacute, purulent conjunctivitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonococcal stomatitis
Inflammatory and ulcerative oral lesions resulting from infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae; usually primary as a result of oral-genital contact, but occasionally is the result of gonococcaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonococci
Plural of gonococcus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonococcic
Synonym for gonococcal ... Relating to the gonococcus. ... Synonym: gonococcic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonococcicide
Synonym: gonocide. ... Origin: Gonococcus + L. Caedo, to kill ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonococcus
<bacteria> Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the Gram negative diplococcus that causes the disease gonorrhoea. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

gonocyte
Synonym: primordial germ cell. ... Origin: G. Gone, seed, + kytos, hollow (cell) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonohemia
Synonym for gonococcaemia ... The presence of gonococci in the circulating blood. ... Synonym: gonohemia. ... Origin: Gonococcus + G. Haima, blood ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonophage
A gonocidal bacteriophage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonophore
1. <zoology> A sexual zooid produced as a medusoid bud upon a hydroid, sometimes becoming a free hydromedusa, sometimes remaining attached. See Hydroidea, and Illusts. Of Athecata, Campanularian, and Gonosome. ... 2. <botany> A lengthened receptacle, bearing the stamens and carpels in a conspicuous manner. ... Origin: Gr. Offspring, seed …

gonorrhoea
<bacteria> A gram-negative bacteria which is a principal cause for sexually transmitted disease in males and females. ... The infection is due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae which is transmitted sexually in most cases, but also by contact with infected exudates in neonatal children at birth or by infants in households with infected inhabitants. ... I …

gonorrhoeal arthritis
Synonym for gonococcal arthritis ... Joint space infection in humans caused by disseminated Neisseria gonorrhoeae; characteristically monarticular, but may be polyarticular. ... Synonym: gonorrhoeal arthritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonorrhoeal conjunctivitis
Synonym for gonorrhoeal ophthalmia ... Acute purulent conjunctivitis excited by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. ... Synonym: blennophthalmia, blennorrhoea conjunctivalis, gonorrhoeal conjunctivitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonorrhoeal ophthalmia
Acute purulent conjunctivitis excited by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. ... Synonym: blennophthalmia, blennorrhoea conjunctivalis, gonorrhoeal conjunctivitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonorrhoeal rheumatism
An arthritis, often initally a polyarthritis, caused by systemic infection with the gonococcus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonorrhoeal salpingitis
Inflammation of the fallopian tube following acute gonorrhoeal infection. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonorrhoeal urethritis
Infection of the urethra usually in association with a purulent discharge due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonotoxaemia
Toxic condition resulting from the haematogenous dissemination of gonococci and the effects of the absorbed endotoxin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonotoxin
The endotoxin elaborated by the gonococcus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonotyl
A sucker-like structure enclosing the genital pore of flukes of the family Heterophyidae. ... Origin: G. Gonos, offspring, + tyle, knob ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gonyaulax catanella
A marine dinoflagellate protozoan that produces a powerful toxin that accumulates in the tissues of mussels and other filter-feeding shellfish and may cause fatal mussel poisoning in humans. ... Origin: G. Gony, knee, + aulakos, a furrow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gonycampsis
Ankylosis or any abnormal curvature of the knee. ... Origin: G. Gony, knee, + kampsis, a bending or curving ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

good
1. Possessing desirable qualities; adapted to answer the end designed; promoting success, welfare, or happiness; serviceable; useful; fit; excellent; admirable; commendable; not bad, corrupt, evil, noxious, offensive, or troublesome, etc. 'And God saw everything that he had made, and behold, it was very good.' (Gen. I. 31) 'Good company, good wine, …

good cholesterol
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Goodell, William
<person> U.S. Gynecologist, 1829-1894. ... See: Goodell's dilator, Goodell's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Goodell's dilator
An obsolete term for a uterine dilator used for dilating the cervix. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Goodell's sign
<clinical sign> Softening of the cervix and vagina as being usually indicative of pregnancy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Goodenough draw-alpha-man test
A brief test for assessing an individual's level of intelligence based on how accurately drawn and how many elements are included when a child or adult is given a pencil and sheet of white paper and asked to draw a man, the best man he or she is able to draw. Also called the Goodenough draw-alpha-person test and, in its current form, the Goodenough …

goodman
1. A familiar appellation of civility, equivalent to 'My friend', 'Good sir', 'Mister;' sometimes used ironically. 'With you, goodman boy, an you please.' (Shak) ... 2. A husband; the master of a house or family; often used in speaking familiarly. 'Say ye to the goodman of the house, . . . Where is the guest-chamber ?' (Mark xiv. 14) ... In the early …

Goodman's syndrome
Synonym for acrocephalopolysyndactyly ... Congenital malformation in which oxycephaly, brachysyndactyly of hand, and preaxial polydactyly of feet are associated with mental retardation; it is usually inherited as an autosomal recessive trait but there is also a dominant form. ... Synonym: Carpenter's syndrome, Goodman's syndrome, Noack's syndrome, Sa …

goodness of fit
Degree of agreement between an empirically observed distribution and a mathematical or theoretical distribution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

goodness of fit test
A statistical test of the hypothesis that data have been randomly sampled or generated from a population that follows a particular theoretical distribution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Goodpasture
Ernest W., U.S. Pathologist, 1886-1960. ... See: Goodpasture's stain, Goodpasture's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

goodpasture syndrome
<syndrome> A combination of pulmonary haemorrhage and glomerulonephritis. It is known also as the lung purpura glomerulonephritis complex. It is considered by some to be a form of hypersensitivity reaction. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Goodpasture's stain
<technique> A stain for Gram-negative bacteria, using aniline fuchsin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Goodpasture's syndrome
<chest medicine, nephrology, syndrome> Also referred to as the more descriptive name, anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody disease. ... This autoimmune disease results from severe inflammation in the basement membranes of the glomerulus and the alveolus of the lung. Inflammation occurs due to the formation of antibodies to components of …

Goormaghtigh
Norbert, Belgian physician, 1890-1960. ... See: Goormaghtigh's cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Goormaghtigh's cells
Synonym for juxtaglomerular cells ... Cell's, located at the vascular pole of the renal corpuscle that secrete renin and form a component of the juxtaglomerular complex; they are modified smooth muscle cell's primarily of the afferent arteriole of the renal glomerulus. ... Synonym: Goormaghtigh's cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

goose
Origin: OE. Gos, AS. Gs, pl. Gs; akin to D. & G. Gans, Icel. Gas, Dan. Gaas, Sw. Gs, Russ. Guse. OIr. Geiss, L. Anser, for hanser, Gr, Skr. Hamsa. Cf. Gander, Gannet, Ganza, Gosling. ... <zoology> ... 1. Any large web-footen bird of the subfamily Anserinae, and belonging to Anser, Branta, Chen, and several allied genera. See Anseres. ... The …

goose flesh
Synonym for cutis anserina ... Contraction of the arrectores pilorum produced by cold, fear, or other stimulus, causing the follicular orifices to become prominent. ... Synonym: goose flesh, gooseflesh. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

goose parvovirus
A virus causing goose viral hepatitis in geese and Muscovy ducks. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

goose viral hepatitis
An acute, highly fatal disease of goslings and Muscovy ducklings caused by the goose parvovirus and characterised by anorexia, feather loss, and tissue haemorrhages. ... Synonym: Derzsy's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gooseberry
<molecular biology> A segment polarity gene of Drosophila. Contains the paired box domain. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...