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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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gooseneck deformity<radiology> Angiographic sign, seen at diastole in complete AV canal, endocardial cushion defect (ECD), L to R shunt ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Gopalan, C<person> 20th century Indian biochemist. ... See: Gopalan's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gopalan's syndrome<syndrome> Severe discomfort of the feet associated with elevated skin temperature and excessive sweating. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
gopher<zoology> ... 1. One of several North American burrowing rodents of the genera Geomys and Thomomys, of the family Geomyidae; called also pocket gopher and pouched rat. See Pocket gopher, and Tucan. ... The name was originally given by French settlers to many burrowing rodents, from their honeycombing the earth. ... 2. One of several western Amer …
gordian1. Pertaining to Gordius, king of Phrygia, or to a knot tied by him; hence, intricate; complicated; inextricable. Gordian knot, an intricate knot tied by Gordius in the thong which connected the pole of the chariot with the yoke. An oracle having declared that he who should untie it should be master of Asia, Alexander the Great averted the ill omen …
gordius<zoology> A genus of long, slender, nematoid worms, parasitic in insects until near maturity, when they leave the insect, and live in water, in which they deposit their eggs; called also hair eel, hairworm, and hair snake, from the absurd, but common and widely diffused, notion that they are metamorphosed horsehairs. ... Origin: NL. See Gordia …
Gordon and Sweet stain<technique> A stain for reticulin, using acidified potassium permanganate, oxalic acid, iron alum, silver nitrate, formaldehyde, gold chloride, and sodium thiosulfate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gordon reflexDorsal flexion of the great toe produced by firm lateral pressure on the calf muscles. ... Synonym: paradoxical flexor reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gordon, Alfred<person> U.S. Neurologist, 1874-1953. ... See: Gordon reflex, Gordon's sign, Gordon's symptom. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gordon's signSynonym for finger phenomenon ... A sign of organic hemiplegia; with the patient's elbow resting on a table, the patient's wrist is grasped by the examiner's hand, the thumb of which is used to exert pressure on the radial side of the patient's pisiform bone; if the hemiplegia is organic, some or all of the patient's fingers become extended and spre …
Gordon's symptomSynonym for tonic reflex ... The occurrence of an appreciable interval after the production of a reflex before relaxation, e.g., the leg remains up for a time after a knee jerk. ... Synonym: Gordon's symptom. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
gorebill<zoology> The garfish. ... Origin: 2d gore + bill. ... (01 Mar 1998) ...
gorge1. The throat; the gullet; the canal by which food passes to the stomach. 'Wherewith he gripped her gorge with so great pain.' (Spenser) 'Now, how abhorred! . . . My gorge rises at it.' (Shak) ... 2. A narrow passage or entrance; as: A defile between mountains. ... The entrance into a bastion or other outwork of a fort; usually synonymous with rear.< …
gorget1. A piece of armor, whether of chain mail or of plate, defending the throat and upper part of the breast, and forming a part of the double breastplate of the 14th century. ... 2. A piece of plate armor covering the same parts and worn over the buff coat in the 17th century, and without other steel armor. 'Unfix the gorget's iron clasp.' (Sir W. Sco …
gorgon1. One of three fabled sisters, Stheno, Euryale, and Medusa, with snaky hair and of terrific aspect, the sight of whom turned the beholder to stone. The name is particularly given to Medusa. ... 2. Anything very ugly or horrid. ... 3. <zoology> The brindled gnu. See Gnu. ... Origin: L. Gorgo, -onis, Gr, fr. Terrible. ... Source: Websters Dictiona …
gorgoniacea<zoology> One of the principal divisions of Alcyonaria, including those forms which have a firm and usually branched axis, covered with a porous crust, or cnenchyma, in which the polyp cells are situated. ... The axis is commonly horny, but it may be solid and stony (composed of calcium carbonate), as in the red coral of commerce, or it may be …
Gorham, Lemuel<person> U.S. Physician, 1885-1968. ... See: Gorham's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gorham's diseaseSynonym for disappearing bone disease ... Extensive decalcification of a single bone; of unknown cause, sometimes associated with angioma. ... Synonym: Gorham's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
gorham's vanishing bone disease<radiology> Massive osteolysis of Gorham, painless, occurs in kids and young adults, not life-threatening unless vital structures are encroached upon, some recover spontaneously, with or without residual deformity, complete destruction of part or all of bone by angiomatous tissue, usually unifocal, affects proximal skeleton, may spread into s …
Goriaew's ruleRarely used term for a rule of a blood counting field by which it is marked off in a series of squares, some of which are again subdivided into sixteen smaller ones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
gorilla<zoology> A large, arboreal, anthropoid ape of West Africa. It is larger than a man, and is remarkable for its massive skeleton and powerful muscles, which give it enormous strength. In some respects its anatomy, more than that of any other ape, except the chimpanzee, resembles that of man. ... Origin: An African word; found in a Greek transla …
gorilla gorillaThis single species of gorilla, which is a member of the pongidae family, is the largest and most powerful of the primates. It is distributed in isolated scattered populations throughout forests of equatorial africa. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Gorlin cystSynonym for calcifying odontogenic cyst ... A mixed radiolucent-radiopaque lesion of the jaws with features of both a cyst and a solid neoplasm; characterised microscopically by an epithelial lining showing a palisaded layer of columnar basal cells, presence of ghost cell keratinization, dentinoid, and calcification. ... Synonym: calcifying and kerat …
Gorlin formulaA formula for calculating the area of the orifice of a cardiac valve, based on flow across the valve and the mean pressures in the chambers on either side of the valve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gorlin-Chaudhry-Moss syndrome<syndrome> Craniofacial dysostosis, patent ductus arteriosus, hypertrichosis, hypoplasia of labia majora, and dental and ocular abnormalities; sporadic, and no basic mechanism is proposed. ... See: Weill-Marchesani syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gorlin, Richard<person> U.S. Physiologist and cardiologist, *1926. ... See: Gorlin formula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gorlin, Robert<person> U.S. Oral pathologist, *1923. ... See: Gorlin's sign, Gorlin's syndrome, Gorlin-Chaudhry-Moss syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gorlin's sign<clinical sign> Unusual ease in touching the tip of the nose with the tongue; seen in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gorlin's syndromeSynonym for basal cell nevus syndrome ... <syndrome> An inherited group of defects which involve abnormalities of the skin, eyes, nervous system, endocrine, glands and bones. ... The condition is characterised by an unusual facial appearance and a predisposition for skin cancer. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
Gorman's syndrome<syndrome> Haemangiomatosis of the skeletal system with or without involvement of the overlying skin, resulting in osteolysis and fibrous replacement of bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
gorondouSynonym for goundou ... A disease, endemic in West Africa, characterised by exostoses from the nasal processes of the maxillary bones, producing a symmetrical swelling on each side of the nose; believed to be an osteitis connected with yaws. ... Synonym: anakhre, dog nose, gorondou, henpuye. ... Origin: native name ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
goserelin<chemical> 6-(o-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-d-serine)-10-deglycinamideluteinizing hormone-releasing factor (pig) 2-(aminocarbonyl)hydrazide. A long-acting gonadorelin agonist. It is used in the treatment of malignant neoplasms of the prostate, uterine fibromas, and metastatic breast cancer. ... Pharmacological action: antineoplastic agent, hormonal.
goshawk
<zoology> Any large hawk of the genus Astur, of which many species and varieties are known. The European (Astur palumbarius) and the American (A. Atricapillus) are the best known species. They are noted for their powerful flight, activity, and courage. The Australian goshawk (A. Novae-Hollandiae) is pure white. ... Origin: AS. Gshafuc, lit, go …
gospeler
1. One of the four evangelists. 'Mark the gospeler was the ghostly son of Peter in baptism.' (Wyclif) ... 2. A follower of Wyclif, the first English religious reformer; hence, a Puritan. 'The persecution was carried on against the gospelers with much fierceness by those of the Roman persuasion.' (Strype) ... 3. A priest or deacon who reads the gospel …
gossamer
1. A fine, filmy substance, like cobwebs, floating in the air, in calm, clear weather, especially in autumn. It is seen in stubble fields and on furze or low bushes, and is formed by small spiders. ... 2. Any very thin gauzelike fabric; also, a thin waterproof stuff. ... 3. An outer garment, made of waterproof gossamer. ... <zoology> Gossamer sp …
Gosselin, Leon Athanese
<person> French surgeon, 1815-1887. ... See: Gosselin's fracture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gosselin's fracture
V-shaped fracture of distal end of tibia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gosset, William Sealy
<person> British statistician and chemist who used the pseudonym Student, 1876-1937. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
gossip
1. A sponsor; a godfather or a godmother. 'Should a great lady that was invited to be a gossip, in her place send her kitchen maid, 't would be ill taken.' (Selden) ... 2. A friend or comrade; a companion; a familiar and customary acquaintance. 'My noble gossips, ye have been too prodigal.' (Shak) ... 3. One who runs house to house, tattling and tell …
gossypium
<botany> A genus of plants which yield the cotton of the arts. The species are much confused. G. Herbaceum is the name given to the common cotton plant, while the long-stapled sea-island cotton is produced by G. Barbadense, a shrubby variety. There are several other kinds besides these. ... Origin: NL, fr. L. Gossypion, gossipion. ... Source: W …
gossypol
<chemical> 1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-bis(1-methylethyl)(2,2'-binaphthalene)-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde. Poisonous pigment found in cottonseed and potentially irritating to gastrointestinal tract. ... Chemical name: (2,2'-Binaphthalene)-8,8'-dicarboxaldehyde, 1,1',6,6',7,7'-hexahydroxy-3,3'-dimethyl-5,5'-bis(1-methylethyl)- ... (1 …
gossypose
Synonym for raffinose ... <biochemistry, plant biology> A nonreducing trisaccharide found in sugar beet and many seeds, consisting of the disaccharide sucrose bearing a D galactosyl residue linked _(1-6) to its glucose group. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
GOT
Synonym for glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase ... aspartate aminotransferase ...
goth
1. <ethnology> One of an ancient Teutonic race, who dwelt between the Elbe and the Vistula in the early part of the Christian era, and who overran and took an important part in subverting the Roman empire. ... Under the reign of Valens, they took possession of Dacia (the modern Transylvania and the adjoining regions), and came to be known as O …
Gothic arch
Synonym for needle point tracing ... A tracing of mandibular movements made by means of a device attached to the opposing arches; its shape resembles that of an arrowhead or a Gothic arch, and when the instrument's marking point is at the apex of the arch, the jaws are considered to be in centric relation. ... Synonym: arrow point tracing, Gothic arc …
Gothic arch tracing
Synonym for needle point tracing ... A tracing of mandibular movements made by means of a device attached to the opposing arches; its shape resembles that of an arrowhead or a Gothic arch, and when the instrument's marking point is at the apex of the arch, the jaws are considered to be in centric relation. ... Synonym: arrow point tracing, Gothic arc …
Gothic palate
An abnormally highly arched palate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gothlin, Gustaf
<person> Swedish physiologist. ... Lived: 1874-1949. ... See: Gothlin's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gothlin's test
<investigation> A capillary fragility test to determine the presence or absence of scurvy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gottron, H
<person> German physician. ... Lived: 1890-1974. ... See: Arndt-Gottron syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gottron's patches
<clinical sign> Gottron's patches are scaly, patchy redness over the knuckles and is seen in patients with dermatomyositis, an inflammatory muscle disorder. (see polymyositis). ... (20 Sep 2002) ...
Gottron's sign
Synonym for Gottron's patches ... <clinical sign> Gottron's patches are scaly, patchy redness over the knuckles and is seen in patients with dermatomyositis, an inflammatory muscle disorder. (see polymyositis). ... (20 Sep 2002) ...
gouge
1. A chisel, with a hollow or semicylindrical blade, for scooping or cutting holes, channels, or grooves, in wood, stone, etc.; a similar instrument, with curved edge, for turning wood. ... 2. A bookbinder's tool for blind tooling or gilding, having a face which forms a curve. ... 3. An incising tool which cuts forms or blanks for gloves, envelopes, …
Gougerot and Blum disease
Synonym for pigmented purpuric lichenoid dermatosis ... An eruption comprised of lichenoid papules variously pigmented from the haemosiderin of the associated purpura; found on the legs, usually in men over 40 years of age. ... Synonym: Gougerot and Blum disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gougerot-Carteaud syndrome
Synonym for confluent and reticulate papillomatosis ... Discrete and confluent gray-brown papules of the anterior and posterior mid-chest, spreading gradually; Malassezia furfur has been found in the keratin layer. ... Synonym: Gougerot-Carteaud syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gougerot-Sjogren disease
Synonym for Sjogren's syndrome ... <syndrome> An immunologic disorder characterised by progressive destruction of the exocrine glands (sweat glands, lacrimal glands, salivary glands). ... Symptoms include dry eyes, dry mouth, persistent cough (dry airways) and lack of saliva. Approximately 30% also have rheumatoid arthritis. Kidney involvement …
Gougerot, Henri
<person> French physician, 1881-1955. ... See: Gougerot and Blum disease, Gougerot-Sjogren disease, Gougerot-Carteaud syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gould, Sir Alfred
<person> English surgeon, 1852-1922. ... See: Gould's suture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gould's suture
An intestinal mattress suture in which each loop is invaginated in such a way that the tissue at the loop is bulged out, becoming convex instead of concave. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gouley, John
<person> U.S. Urologist, 1832-1920. ... See: Gouley's catheter. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gouley's catheter
A solid curved steel instrument grooved on its inferior surface so that it can be passed over a guide through a urethral stricture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
goundou
A disease, endemic in West Africa, characterised by exostoses from the nasal processes of the maxillary bones, producing a symmetrical swelling on each side of the nose; believed to be an osteitis connected with yaws. ... Synonym: anakhre, dog nose, gorondou, henpuye. ... Origin: native name ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
gourd
1. <botany> A fleshy, three-celled, many-seeded fruit, as the melon, pumpkin, cucumber, etc, of the order Cucurbitaceae; and especially the bottle gourd (Lagenaria vulgaris) which occurs in a great variety of forms, and, when the interior part is removed, serves for bottles, dippers, cups, and other dishes. ... 2. A dipper or other vessel made …
gout
<rheumatology> Recurrent acute arthritis of peripheral joints caused by the accumulation of monosodium urate crytals. Often presents as pain and swelling confined to one joint. The big toe joint is commonly affected. ... The arthritis occurs secondary to an inherited abnormality of purine metabolism, resulting in the deposition of uric acid cr …
gout arthritis
Synonym for gout ... <rheumatology> Recurrent acute arthritis of peripheral joints caused by the accumulation of monosodium urate crytals. Often presents as pain and swelling confined to one joint. The big toe joint is commonly affected. ... The arthritis occurs secondary to an inherited abnormality of purine metabolism, resulting in the deposi …
gout diet
A diet containing a minimal quantity of purine bases (meats); liver, kidney, and sweetbread especially are excluded and replaced by dairy products, fruits, and cereals; alcoholic beverages also are excluded. ... Synonym: purine-free diet. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
gout suppressants
Agents that increase uric acid excretion by the kidney (uricosuric agents), decrease uric acid production (antihyperuricaemics), or alleviate the pain and inflammation of acute attacks of gout. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
gout, tophaceous
A form of chronic gout. Nodular masses of uric acid crystals (tophi) are deposited in different soft tissue areas of the body. Even though tophi are most commonly found as hard nodules around the fingers, at the tips of the elbows, and around the big toe, tophi nodules can appear anywhere in the body. They have been reported in unexpected areas suc …
gouty
1. Diseased with, or subject to, the gout; as, a gouty person; a gouty joint. ... 2. Pertaining to the gout. 'Gouty matter.' ... 3. Swollen, as if from gout. ... 4. Boggy; as, gouty land. Gouty bronchitis, bronchitis arising as a secondary disease during the progress of gout. Gouty concretions, calculi (urate of sodium) formed in the joints, kidneys, …
gouty arthritis
An attack that is usually extremely painful of joint inflammation due to deposits of uric acid crystals in the joint fluid (synovial fluid) and joint lining (synovial lining). Intense joint inflammation occurs as white blood cells engulf the uric acid crystals, causing pain, heat, and redness of the joint tissues. The term gout commonly is used to …
gouty diathesis
A state of susceptibility to attacks of gout or development of tophi, usually associated with hyperuricaemia or hyperexcretion of urate in urine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
gouty pearl
A concretion of sodium urate on the cartilage of the ear, occurring in the gouty. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
gouty urine
Urine of a high colour containing uric acid in excess. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
governing board
The group in which legal authority is vested for the control of health-related institutions and organizations. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
government
The complex of political institutions, laws, and customs through which the function of governing is carried out in a specific political unit. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
government agencies
Administrative units of government responsible for policy making and management of governmental activities in the u.s. And abroad. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
government hospital
A hospital administered by officials of the city, county, state, or nation. ... Synonym: public hospital. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
government programs
Programs and activities sponsored or administered by local, state, or national governments. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
governor
1. One who governs; especially, one who is invested with the supreme executive authority in a State; a chief ruler or magistrate; as, the governor of Pennsylvania. 'The governor of the town.' ... 2. One who has the care or guardianship of a young man; a tutor; a guardian. ... 3. A pilot; a steersman. ... 4. <machinery> A contrivance applied to s …
Gowers
Sir William R., English neurologist, 1845-1915. ... See: Gowers' column, Gowers' contraction, Gowers disease, Gowers' syndrome, Gowers' tract. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gowers disease
Synonym for saltatory spasm ... A spasmodic affection of the muscles of the lower extremities. ... Synonym: Bamberger's disease, dancing spasm, Gowers disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gowers' column
Synonym for anterior spinocerebellar tract ... A bundle of fibres originating in the base of the posterior horn and zona intermedia throughout lumbosacral segments of the spinal cord, crossing to the opposite side and ascending in a peripheral position in the ventral half of the lateral funiculus. In its ascent through the rhombencephalon, the tract …
Gowers' contraction
Synonym for front-tap contraction ... Contraction of the calf muscles when the anterior surface of the leg is struck. ... Synonym: Gowers' contraction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gowers' syndrome
<syndrome> Syndrome consisting of palpitation, chest pain, respiratory difficulties, and disturbances in gastric motility; once attributed to vagal stimulation, now considered psychogenic (anxiety neurosis). ... Synonym: vagal attack, vasovagal attack. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Gowers' tract
Synonym for anterior spinocerebellar tract ... A bundle of fibres originating in the base of the posterior horn and zona intermedia throughout lumbosacral segments of the spinal cord, crossing to the opposite side and ascending in a peripheral position in the ventral half of the lateral funiculus. In its ascent through the rhombencephalon, the tract …
gown
1. A loose, flowing upper garment; especially: The ordinary outer dress of a woman; as, a calico or silk gown. ... The official robe of certain professional men and scholars, as university students and officers, barristers, judges, etc.; hence, the dress of peace; the dress of civil officers, in distinction from military. 'He Mars deposed, and arms …
gp120
<protein, virology> A glycoprotein from HIV's envelope that binds to the CD4 molecules on cells outside membrane. ... Free gp120 in the body may be toxic to cells on its own, causing CD4 cell depletion in the immune system through apoptosis and neurological damage leading to AIDS dementia complex. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
gp160 processing protease
<enzyme> Converts hiv gp160 to gp120 and gp41, cleaving between arg511 and ala512 ... Registry number: EC 3.4.99.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
gp4l
<protein, virology> A glycoprotein from HIV's outside envelope that complexes with gp120 to form the mechanism enabling HIV to latch onto and enter cells. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
GPI
Synonym for Gingival-Periodontal Index ... An index of gingivitis, gingival irritation, and advanced periodontal disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
GPI anchor
<biochemistry, molecular biology> Common modification of the C terminus of membrane attached proteins in which a phosphatidyl inositol moiety is linked through glucosamine and mannose to a phosphoryl ethanolamine residue that is linked to the C terminal amino acid of the protein by its amino group. ... Glypiation is the sole means of attachmen …
GPT
Synonym for glutamic-pyruvic transaminase ... alanine aminotransferase ...
gr
Synonym for grain ... <botany> A fruit characteristic of grasses (such as rice), pollen grain, a microspore of a seed plant, or the partially developed gametophyte formed from it. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
gr-scf
Grains of pollutant per standard cubic foot of gas. A measure of dust particles in a gas stream following standard DEQ methods. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
Graaf, Regnier de
<person> B. Schoonhaven, Holland, July 30th , 1641. Was a student of Francis de la Boe Sylvius and of Diemerbroeck in Leyden. Became a distinguished Anatomist and later a Physician with an interest in physiology and histopathology in Delft. D. Delft, 1673. ... See: Graafian Follicles - folliculus oophorus vesiculosus. ... Lived: 1641-1673. ... ( …
Graafian follicle
<gynaecology> Final stage in the differentiation of follicles in the mammalian ovary. ... Consists of a spherical fluid filled blister on the surface of the ovary that bursts at ovulation to release the oocyte. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
grace
1. The exercise of love, kindness, mercy, favor; disposition to benefit or serve another; favor bestowed or privilege conferred. 'To bow and sue for grace With suppliant knee.' (Milton) ... 2. The divine favor toward man; the mercy of God, as distinguished from His justice; also, any benefits His mercy imparts; divine love or pardon; a state of acce …
gracile fasciculus
The smaller medial subdivision of the posterior funiculus. ... Synonym: fasciculus gracilis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
gracile habitus
Small stature, frail, underweight appearance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
gracile lobule
The anterior portion of the posteroinferior lobule of the cerebellum, the posterior portion being the semilunar lobule inferior; the two correspond to the tuber of the vermis. ... Synonym: lobulus gracilis, slender lobule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
