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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

genicular
Commonly used to mean genual. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genicular arteries
Arteries contributing to the articular network of the knee. ... See: descending genicular artery, inferior lateral genicular artery, inferior medial genicular artery, middle genicular artery, superior lateral genicular artery, superior medial genicular artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geniculate
Bent abruptly like a knee joint. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

geniculate bodies
Part of the diencephalon inferior to the caudal end of the dorsal thalamus. Includes the lateral geniculate body which relays visual impulses from the optic tract to the calcarine cortex, and the medial geniculate body which relays auditory impulses from the lateral lemniscus to the auditory cortex. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

geniculate body
See: lateral geniculate body, medial geniculate body. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geniculate ganglion
The sensory ganglion of the facial (7th cranial) nerve. The geniculate ganglion cells send central processes to the brainstem and peripheral processes to the taste buds in the anterior tongue, the soft palate, and the skin of the external auditory meatus and the mastoid process. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

geniculate neuralgia
A severe paroxysmal lancinating pain deep in the ear, on the anterior wall of the external meatus, and on a small area just in front of the pinna. ... Synonym: geniculate otalgia, Hunt's neuralgia, neuralgia facialis vera. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geniculate otalgia
Synonym for geniculate neuralgia ... A severe paroxysmal lancinating pain deep in the ear, on the anterior wall of the external meatus, and on a small area just in front of the pinna. ... Synonym: geniculate otalgia, Hunt's neuralgia, neuralgia facialis vera. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geniculate zoster
Synonym for herpes zoster oticus ... Herpes zoster involving the facial and auditory nerves associated with ipsilateral facial paralysis, usually transitory, and herpetic vesicles of the external ear or tympanic membrane, which also may or may not be associated with tinnitus, vertigo, and hearing disorders. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

geniculated
Synonym for geniculate ... Bent abruptly like a knee joint. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

geniculatus lateralis nucleus
Synonym for lateral geniculate body ... The lateral one of a pair of small oval masses that protrude slightly from the posteroinferior aspects of the thalamus; its main (dorsal) subdivision serves as a processing station in the major pathway from the retina to the cerebral cortex, receiving fibres from the optic tract and giving rise to the geniculo …

geniculocalcarine radiation
Synonym for optic radiation ... The massive, fanlike fibre system passing from the lateral geniculate body of the thalamus to the visual cortex (striate or calcarine cortex, area 17 of Brodmann); the fibres follow the retrolenticular and sublenticular limbs of the internal capsule into the corona radiata but they curve back along the lateral wall of …

geniculocalcarine tract
Synonym for optic radiation ... The massive, fanlike fibre system passing from the lateral geniculate body of the thalamus to the visual cortex (striate or calcarine cortex, area 17 of Brodmann); the fibres follow the retrolenticular and sublenticular limbs of the internal capsule into the corona radiata but they curve back along the lateral wall of …

geniculum
1. A small genu or angular kneelike structure. ... 2. A knotlike structure. ... Origin: L. Dim. Of genu, knee ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geniculum canalis facialis
Synonym for geniculum of facial canal ... The bend in the facial canal linking the medial and lateral crura of the horizontal port of the canal and corresponding to the location of the geniculate ganglion of the facial nerve. ... Synonym: geniculum canalis facialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geniculum nervi facialis
Synonym for geniculum of facial nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> A rectangular bend of the facial nerve in the facial canal where it turns posterior in the medial wall of the middle ear (external geniculum), complex loop of facial nerve fibres around the abducens nucleus (internal geniculum). ... Synonym: geniculum nervi facialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) …

geniculum of facial canal
The bend in the facial canal linking the medial and lateral crura of the horizontal port of the canal and corresponding to the location of the geniculate ganglion of the facial nerve. ... Synonym: geniculum canalis facialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geniculum of facial nerve
<anatomy, nerve> A rectangular bend of the facial nerve in the facial canal where it turns posterior in the medial wall of the middle ear (external geniculum), complex loop of facial nerve fibres around the abducens nucleus (internal geniculum). ... Synonym: geniculum nervi facialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genioglossal muscle
Synonym for genioglossus muscle ... <anatomy> One of the paired lingual muscles; origin, mental spine of the mandible; insertion, lingual fascia beneath the mucous membrane and epiglottis; action, depresses and protrudes the tongue; nerve supply, hypoglossal. ... Synonym: musculus genioglossus, genioglossal muscle, genioglossus, musculus genioh …

genioglossus
Synonym: genioglossus muscle. ... Origin: G. Geneion, chin, + glossa, tongue ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genioglossus muscle
<anatomy> One of the paired lingual muscles; origin, mental spine of the mandible; insertion, lingual fascia beneath the mucous membrane and epiglottis; action, depresses and protrudes the tongue; nerve supply, hypoglossal. ... Synonym: musculus genioglossus, genioglossal muscle, genioglossus, musculus geniohyoglossus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

geniohyoid
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, mental spine of mandible; insertion, body of hyoid bone; action, draws hyoid forward, or depresses jaw when hyoid is fixed; nerve supply, fibres from ventral primary rami of first and second cervical spinal nerves accompanying hypoglossal. ... Synonym: musculus geniohyoideus, geniohyoid, geniohyoideus. ... Origin: Gr. …

geniohyoideus
Synonym: geniohyoid muscle. ... Origin: G. Geneion, chin, + hyoeides, y-shaped, hyoid ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genion
The tip of the mental spine, a point in craniometry. ... Origin: G. Geneion, chin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genioplasty
Synonym: mentoplasty. ... Origin: G. Geneion, chin, cheek, + plastos, formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genistein
<chemical> An isoflavonoid derived from soy products. It inhibits protein-tyrosine kinase and topoisomerase-II (DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)) activity and is used as an antineoplastic and antitumour agent. Experimentally, it has been shown to induce g2 phase arrest in human and murine cell lines. ... Pharmacological action: anticarcinog …

genital
<anatomy> Pertaining to the genitalia. ... Origin: L. Genitalis = belonging to birth ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

genital cord
One of a pair of mesenchymal ridges bulging into the caudal part of the celom of a young embryo and containing the mesonephric and paramesonephric duct. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genital corpuscles
Special encapsulated nerve endings found in the skin of the genitalia and nipple. ... Synonym: corpuscula genitalia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genital duct
Synonym for genital tract ... The genital passages of the urogenital apparatus. ... Synonym: genital duct. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genital eminence
In very young embryos, the vaguely outlined median elevation immediately cephalic to the proctodeum; its central part develops into the genital tubercle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genital fold
Synonym for urogenital ridge ... One of the paired longitudinal ridge's developing in the dorsal body wall of the embryo on either side of the dorsal mesentery; the ridge is formed at first by the growing mesonephros and later by the mesonephros and the gonad. ... Synonym: genital fold, wolffian ridge. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genital furrow
A groove on the genital tubercle in the embryo, appearing toward the end of the second month. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genital herpes
<gynaecology, virology> A sexually transmitted infection caused by a herpes virus that results in the episodic outbreak of a painful vesicular skin eruption on the genitalia. ... The incubation period is approximately 6 days from the time of exposure. Other symptoms include fever, headache, muscle aches ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

genital ligament
<anatomy> An embryonic mesenchymatous band providing support for the internal genitalia. ... Synonym: suspensory ligament of gonad. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genital neoplasms, male
Neoplasms of the male genitalia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

genital organs
The organs of reproduction or generation, external and internal. ... Synonym: organa genitalia, genitalia, genitals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genital phase
In psychoanalytic personality theory, the final stage of psychosexual development, occurring during puberty, in which the individual's psychosexual development is so organised that sexual gratification can be achieved from genital-to-genital contact and the capacity exists for a mature affectionate relationship with an individual of the opposite se …

genital ridge
Synonym for gonadal ridge ... An elevation of thickened mesothelium and underlying mesenchyme on the ventromedial border of the embryonic mesonephros; the primordial germ cells become embedded in it, establishing it as the primordium of the testis or ovary. ... Synonym: genital ridge. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genital stage
Referring to the psychic organization derived from, and characteristic of, the Freudian genital period of the infant's psychosocial organization. ... See: genitality. ... See: anality, orality. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genital swellings
Paired primordial elevations flanking the genital tubercle and the urogenital orifice of the embryo; they develop into the labioscrotal folds, which become the labia majora in the female and unite to form the scrotal pouch of the male. ... Synonym: labioscrotal swellings. ... Hunger swelling, starvation oedema caused by many factors, primarily reduce …

genital system
The complex system consisting of the male or female gonads, associated ducts, and external genitalia dedicated to the function of reproducing the species. ... Synonym: reproductive system. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genital tract
The genital passages of the urogenital apparatus. ... Synonym: genital duct. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genital tubercle
The median elevation just cephalic to the urogenital orifice of an embryo; it is the primordium of the penis of the male or the clitoris of the female. ... Synonym: phallic tubercle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genital ulcer disease
Ulcerative lesions on the genitals, usually caused by a sexually transmitted condition such as herpes, syphilis or chancroid. The presence of genital ulcers may increase the risk of transmitting HIV. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

genital wart
A form of wart or papilloma. Commonly seen in the genital area and sexually transmitted. Causative agent is the human papilloma virus. The most common sexually transmitted disease. Treatment involves the use of special medications or localised surgical treatment (for example cryotherapy, surgical removal). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

genital warts
Warts confined primarily to the moist skin of the genitals due to viruses belonging to the family of human papilloma viruses (HPVs) transmitted through sexual contact. most infected people have no symptoms but these viruses increase a woman's risk for cancer of the cervix. The virus can also be transmitted from mother to baby during childbirth. HPV …

genitalia
Synonym for genital organs ... The organs of reproduction or generation, external and internal. ... Synonym: organa genitalia, genitalia, genitals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genitalia, male
The male reproductive organs. They are divided into the external organs (penis, scrotum, and urethra) and the internal organs (testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct, prostate, and bulbourethral gland. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

genitality
In psychoanalysis, a term referring to the genital components of sexuality (i.e., the penis and vagina), as opposed, for example, to orality and anality. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genitals
Synonym: genital organs. ... Origin: see genitalia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genitocrural nerve
Synonym for genitofemoral nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> Arises from the first and second lumbar nerves, passes distad along the anterior surface of psoas major muscle and divides into genital and femoral branches. ... Synonym: nervus genitofemoralis, genitocrural nerve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genitofemoral
Relating to the genitalia and the thigh; denoting the genitofemoral nerve. ... Synonym: genitocrural. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genitofemoral nerve
<anatomy, nerve> Arises from the first and second lumbar nerves, passes distad along the anterior surface of psoas major muscle and divides into genital and femoral branches. ... Synonym: nervus genitofemoralis, genitocrural nerve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genitoinguinal ligament
<anatomy> In the foetus, a fold of the mesorchium containing the gubernaculum testis. ... Synonym: ligamentum genitoinguinale, plica gubernatrix. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genitourinary
<anatomy> Pertaining to the genital and urinary organs, urogenital, urinosexual. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

genitourinary apparatus
Synonym for urogenital system ... The organs concerned in the production and excretion of urine, together with the organs of reproduction. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

genitourinary fistula
A fistulous opening into the urogenital tract. ... Synonym: urogenital fistula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genitourinary system
Synonym for urogenital system ... The organs concerned in the production and excretion of urine, together with the organs of reproduction. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

genitourinary tract
Includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

genius
Origin: L. Genius, prop, the superior or divine nature which is innate in everything, the spirit, the tutelar deity or genius of a person or place, taste, talent, genius, from genere, gignere, to beget, bring forth. See Gender, and cf. Engine. ... 1. A good or evil spirit, or demon, supposed by the ancients to preside over a man's destiny in life; a …

genius epidemicus
The influence, atmospheric, telluric, or cosmic, or the combination of any two or three, anciently regarded as the cause of epidemic and endemic diseases. ... Origin: Mod. L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gennari
Francesco, Italian anatomist, 1750-1795. ... See: Gennari's band, Gennari's stria, line of Gennari, stripe of Gennari. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Gennari's band
Synonym for line of Gennari ... A prominent white line appearing in perpendicular sections of the visual cortex (Brodmann's area 17) at about mid-thickness of the cortical gray matter, corresponding to the particularly well developed outer line of Baillarger of that cortical area, and composed largely of tangentially disposed intracortical associati …

Gennari's stria
Synonym for line of Gennari ... A prominent white line appearing in perpendicular sections of the visual cortex (Brodmann's area 17) at about mid-thickness of the cortical gray matter, corresponding to the particularly well developed outer line of Baillarger of that cortical area, and composed largely of tangentially disposed intracortical associati …

genoblast
The nucleus of the fertilised ovum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genocopy
A genotype at one locus that produces a phenotype which at some levels of resolution is indistinguishable from that produced by another genotype; e.g., two types of elliptocytosis that are genocopy's of each other, but are distinguished by the fact that one is linked to the Rh blood group locus and the other is not. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genodermatology
Study of the hereditary aspects of cutaneous disorders. ... Origin: G. Genos, birth, descent, + derma, skin, + logos, theory ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genodermatosis
A skin condition of genetic origin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genolectotype
The type specimen or benchmark individual of a particular species and/or genus which is picked out after the species and/or genus has been officially described in the scientific literature. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

genome
<genetics, molecular biology> The total set of genes carried by an individual or cell. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

genome project
<molecular biology> Research and technology development effortsaimed at mapping and sequencing some or all of the genome of human beings and otherorganisms. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

genome projects
Research and technology development efforts aimed at mapping and sequencing some or all of the genome of human beings and other organisms. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genome, bacterial
The complete gene complement contained in a single chromosome in a bacterium. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

genome, chromosomal
All of the genetic information in the chromosomes of an organism. For humans, that is all of the DNA contained in our normal complement of 46 rod-like chromosomes in virtually every cell in the body. (Mature red blood cells, for one exception, have no nucleus and therefore no chromosomes). The chromosomal genome is synonymous with the nuclear genom …

genome, fungal
The complete gene complement contained in a set of chromosomes in a fungus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

genome, human
All of the genetic information, the entire genetic complement, all of the DNA in a person. Humanity's DNA is the treasury of human inheritance. It is this extraordinary repository of genetic information which the Human Genome Project in the United States and comparable programs in other countries around the world that belong to HUGO (the HUman Geno …

genome, mitochondrial
The genetic information contained in the circular chromosome of the mitochondrion, a structure located outside the nucleus in the cytoplasm of the cell. The mitochondrial genome and the chromosomal (nuclear) genome together constitute the entire genome. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

genome, plant
The complete gene complement contained in a set of chromosomes in a plant. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

genome, protozoan
The complete gene complement contained in a set of chromosomes in a protozoan. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

genome, viral
The complete gene complement contained in a DNA or RNA molecule in a virus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

genomic
Relating to a genome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genomic DNA
<molecular biology> The DNA which is found in the organisms genome and is passed on to offspring as information necessary for survival. The phrase is used to distinguish between other types of DNA, such as found within plasmids. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

genomic formula
<molecular biology> The method used to identify the number of sets of chromosomes within a cell or organism (i.e. Its ploidy). Each set is designated n so one set is n is haploid, two sets is 2n is diploid, three sets is 3n is triploid, four sets is 4n is tetraploid, etc. Also, 2n+1 is known as trisomy (i.e. Two full sets plus a third copy of …

genomic imprinting
<genetics, molecular biology> Parent specific expression or repression of genes or chromosomes in offspring. There are an increasing number of recognised chromosomal imprinting events in pathological conditions: for example preferential transmission of paternal or maternal predisposition to diabetes or atopy, preferential retention of paterna …

genomic library
<molecular biology> A collection of DNA molecules, derived from restriction fragments that have been cloned in vectors, that includes all or part of the genetic material of an organism. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

genospecies
A line of homozygous self- fertilizing organisms which perpetuates by inbreeding or cloning. ... All genotypes in a species. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

genote
In microbial genetics, an element of recombination in which one of the pair is not a complete chromosome; commonly used as a suffix (e.g., endogenote, exogenote, F genote). ... Origin: Gene + G. -otes, toponymic suffix ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genotoxic
Describes a poisonous substance which harms an organism by damaging its DNA. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

genotoxicity
The amount of damage a genotoxin (toxin which affects DNA) can cause to a DNA molecule. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

genotoxin
<protein> A toxin (poisonous substance) which harms the body by damaging DNA molecules, causing mutations, tumours, or neoplasms. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

genotype
1. <genetics> The genetic constitution of an organism or cell, as distinct from its expressed features or phenotype. ... 2. <zoology> The genetic constitution of an individual or taxon. Not to be confused with type species of a genus for which it is sometimes erroneously used. ... Compare: Phenotype. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

genotypic
Synonym for genotypical ... Relating to the genotype. ... Synonym: genotypic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

genotypical
Relating to the genotype. ... Synonym: genotypic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

gens
Origin: L. See Gentle. ... 1. A clan or family connection, embracing several families of the same stock, who had a common name and certain common religious rites; a subdivision of the Roman curia or tribe. ... 2. <ethnology> A minor subdivision of a tribe, among American aborigines. It includes those who have a common descent, and bear the same …

gentamicin
<drug> A group of aminoglycoside antibiotics produced by Micromonospora spp. Members include the closely related gentamicin compounds C1, C2 and C1a, together with gentamicin A. ... They inhibit protein synthesis on 70S ribosomes by binding to the 23S core protein of the small subunit, that is responsible for binding mRNA. Mode of action simil …

gentamicin 2'-N-acetyltransferase
<enzyme> An aminoglycoside acetyltransferase; isolated from providencia stuartii; genbank l06156 ... Registry number: EC 2.3.1.59 ... Synonym: aac(2')-ia, 2'-n-acetyltransferase, providencia stuartii ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

gentamicins
<chemical> A complex of three different closely related aminoglycoside sulfates, gentamicins c1, c2, and c1(suba), obtained from micromonospora purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. It acts during the translation phase of protein synthesis. ... Pharmacological action: antibiotic …

gentian
<botany> Any one of a genus (Gentiana) of herbaceous plants with opposite leaves and a tubular four- or five-lobed corolla, usually blue, but sometimes white, yellow, or red. ... Many species are found on the highest mountains of Europe, Asia, and America, and some are prized for their beauty, as the Alpine (Gentiana verna, Bavarica, and excis …

gentian aniline water
Gentian violet with saturated aniline water, a more effective stain than simple gentian violet. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...