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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

choledochocholedochostomy
<procedure> Operative joining of divided portions of common bile duct. ... Origin: choledocho-+ choledocho-+ G. Stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choledochoduodenal junction
That part of the duodenal wall traversed by the ductus choledochus, ductus pancreaticus, and ampulla. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choledochoduodenostomy
<procedure> Formation of a communication, other than the natural one, between the common bile duct and the duodenum. ... Origin: choledocho-+ duodenum + G. Stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choledochoenterostomy
<procedure> Establishment of a communication, other than the natural one, between the common bile duct and any part of the intestine. ... Origin: choledocho-+ G. Enteron, intestine, + stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choledochography
Radiographic examination of the bile duct after the administration of a radiopaque substance. ... Origin: choledocho-+ G. Grapho, to write ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choledochojejunostomy
<procedure> Anastomosis between the common bile duct and the jejunum. ... Origin: choledocho-+ jejuno-+ G. Stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choledocholith
Stone in the common bile duct. ... Origin: choledocho-+ G. Lithos, stone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choledocholithiasis
<gastroenterology, surgery> This term describes the presence of gallstones within the biliary tract (common bile duct). Approximately 15% of individuals with gallstones will develop stones within the common bile duct. ... Symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. More severe cases may include fever, chills and jaundice. Bile duct b …

choledocholithotomy
<procedure> Incision of the common bile duct for the extraction of an impacted gallstone. ... Origin: choledocho-+ G. Lithos, stone, + tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choledocholithotripsy
Crushing or fragmentation of a gallstone in the common bile duct by manipulation without opening of the duct. ... Synonym: choledocholithotrity. ... Origin: choledocho-+ G. Lithos, stone, + tripsis, rubbing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choledocholithotrity
Synonym for choledocholithotripsy ... Crushing or fragmentation of a gallstone in the common bile duct by manipulation without opening of the duct. ... Synonym: choledocholithotrity. ... Origin: choledocho-+ G. Lithos, stone, + tripsis, rubbing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choledochoplasty
Plastic surgery of the common bile duct. ... Origin: choledocho-+ G. Plastos, formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choledochorrhaphy
Suturing together the divided ends of the common bile duct. ... Origin: choledocho-+ G. Rhaphe, suture ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choledochostomy
<procedure> Surgical formation of an opening (stoma) into the common bile duct for drainage or for direct communication with a site in the small intestine, primarily the duodenum or jejunum. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

choledochotomy
<procedure> Incision into the common bile duct. ... Synonym: choledochendysis. ... Origin: choledocho-+ G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choledochous
Containing or conveying bile. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choledochus
Synonym: common bile duct. ... Origin: see choledoch ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choleglobin
<protein> A protein which is formed from the breakdown of haemoglobin (a protein that carries oxygen in the blood) and is a precursor to the bile pigment biliverdin. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

cholehematin
A red pigment in the bile of herbivorous animals; derived from chlorophyll and a product of haematin oxidation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholehemia
Synonym: cholaemia. ... Origin: chole-+ G. Haima, blood ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choleic
Synonym for cholic ... Relating to the bile. ... Synonym: choleic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choleic acids
Compounds of bile acids and sterols. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholelith
Synonym: gallstone. ... Origin: chole-+ G. Lithos, stone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholelithiasis
<gastroenterology> The presence or formation of gallstones. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

cholelithotomy
<procedure> Operative removal of a gallstone. ... Origin: chole-+ G. Lithos, stone, + tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholelithotripsy
Rarely used term for the crushing of a gallstone. ... Origin: chole-+ G. Lithos, stone, + tripsis, a rubbing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholelithotrity
Rarely used term for the crushing of a gallstone. ... Origin: chole-+ G. Lithos, stone, + L. Tero, pp. Tritus, to rub ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholemesis
Vomiting of bile. ... Origin: chole-+ G. Emesis, vomiting ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholemia
Synonym for cholaemia ... <biochemistry> The presence of bile salts in the circulating blood. ... (11 Jan 1998) ...

cholemic nephrosis
<nephrology> Acute renal failure occurring in a patient with liver failure. The exact causal relationship in unclear, but those with alcoholic cirrhosis and alcoholic hepatitis are at greatest risk. ... Symptoms include decreased or absent urine production, jaundice, abdominal swelling, delirium, confusion, nausea and vomiting. Prognosis is ve …

cholenes
Unsaturated derivatives of cholane with methyl groups at c-10 and c-13 and a branched five-carbon chain at c-17. They must have at least one double bond in the ring system. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cholepathia
1. Disease of bile ducts. ... 2. Irregularity in contractions of the bile ducts. ... Cholepathia spastica, spastic contraction of the bile ducts. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choleperitoneum
An obsolete term for bile in the peritoneum, which may lead to bile peritonitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choleperitonitis
Synonym for bile peritonitis ... <surgery> Inflammation of the peritoneum which is cause by the escape of bile into the peritoneal cavity. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

cholepoiesis
Formation of bile. ... Synonym: cholopoiesis. ... Origin: chole-+ G. Poiesis, making ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholepoietic
Relating to the formation of bile. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholera
<gastroenterology, microbiology> A form of infectious gastroenteritis (intestinal infection) that results in frequent watery stools, cramping abdominal pain and eventual collapse (from dehydration). ... Epidemic infections are seasonal in most third world countries, particularly Africa. ... (15 Jan 1998) ...

cholera agar
An alkaline agar medium for cultivating Vibrio cholerae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholera bacillus
Synonym for Vibrio cholerae ... <bacteria> Bacterium that causes cholera, the life threatening aspects of which are caused by the exotoxin (see cholera toxin). ... Short, slightly curved rods, highly motile (single polar flagellum), gram-negative. Adhere to intestinal epithelium (adhesion mechanism unknown) and produce enzymes (neuraminidase, p …

cholera infantum
Old term for a disease of infants, characterised by vomiting, profuse watery diarrhoea, fever, prostration, and collapse. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholera morbus
A once popular name for an acute severe gastroenteritis of unknown aetiology, with diarrhoea, cramps, and vomiting, occurring in summer or autumn. It should be differentiated from classical cholera which is also characterised by severe gastrointestinal and metabolic manifestations but is caused by a powerful enterotoxin produced by vibrio cholerae. …

cholera sicca
An old term for a malignant form of disease seen during epidemics of Asiatic cholera in which death occurs without diarrhoea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholera toxin
<protein> A multimeric protein toxin from Cholera vibrio. The toxic A subunit activates adenyl cyclase irreversibly by ADP ribosylation of a Gs protein. The B subunit facilitates passage of the A subunit across the cell membrane. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

cholera vaccine
A killed bacteria vaccine containing equal portions of the inaba and ogawa strains of vibrio cholerae, used for immunization against cholera. It enhances protection in adults for about six months, but does not reduce faecal shedding of bacteria or reduce disease transmission. Other cholera vaccines are under development. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cholera-red reaction
A test for cholera vibrio whereby the addition of 3 or 4 drops of sulfuric acid (concentrated, chemically pure) to an 18-hour-old bouillon or peptone culture of the organism produces a colour from rose-pink to claret. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choleragen
A term suggested for a factor(s) produced during growth in vitro of the cholera vibrio and causes diarrhoea. ... Origin: cholera + G. -gen, producing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choleraic
Relating to cholera. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choleraic diarrhoea
Synonym for summer diarrhoea ... Diarrhoea of infants in hot weather, usually an acute gastroenteritis due to the presence of Shigella or Salmonella. ... Synonym: choleraic diarrhoea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choleraphage
Bacteriophage of Vibrio cholerae. ... Origin: cholera + G. Phago, to eat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choleresis
The secretion of bile as opposed to the expulsion of bile by the gallbladder. ... Origin: chole-+ G. Hairesis, a taking ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choleretic
A choleretic agent. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

cholerheic
Denoting diarrhoea produced secondary to unabsorbed bile salts. ... Origin: chole-+ G. Hairesis, a taking ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choleric
Synonym for bilious ... Synonym: biliary. ... 2. Relating to or characteristic of biliousness. ... 3. Formerly, denoting a temperament characterised by a quick, irritable temper. ... Synonym: choleric. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choleric jaundice
Jaundice with the presence of biliary derivatives in the urine; occurs in regurgitation hyperbilirubinaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choleriform
Resembling cholera. ... Synonym: choleroid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholerigenic
Cholerigenous ... Causing or engendering cholera. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholerine
A mild form of diarrhoea seen during epidemics of Asiatic cholera. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

choleroid
Synonym for choleriform ... Resembling cholera. ... Synonym: choleroid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholerrhagia
Extensive flow of bile. ... Origin: chole-+ G. Rhegnymi, to burst forth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholerrhagic
Referring to the flow of bile. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholescintigraphy
Examination of the gall bladder and bile ducts by nuclear medicine scanning; radionuclide cholecystography. ... Origin: chole-+ scintigraphy ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholestadienes
Cholene derivatives with methyl groups at c-10 and c-13 and a branched 8-carbon chain at c-17. They must have two double bonds in the ring system. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cholestadienols
Cholestadiene derivatives containing a hydroxy group anywhere in the molecule. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cholestane
<biochemistry, chemistry> A hydrocarbon (molecule of carbon and hydrogen only) with 27 carbon atoms that is the parent structure of all mammalian steroids. ... (15 Jan 1998) ...

cholestanes
Derivatives of the saturated steroid cholestane with methyl groups at c-18 and c-19 and an iso-octyl side chain at c-17. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cholestanetriol 26-monooxygenase
<enzyme> Acts on either c26 or c27 carbon atom ... Registry number: EC 1.14.13.15 ... Synonym: 5-beta cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha-triol 27-monooxygenase, 5 beta-cholestane-3-alpha,7 alpha-diol 27-monooxygenase, thc 27-monooxygenase, dhc 27-monooxygenase, c27-steroid 26-hydroxylase, cholestanetriol 26-hydroxylase, cytochrome p-450 sterol …

cholestanol
<chemical> A cholesterol derivative found in human feces, gallstones, eggs, and other biological matter. ... Chemical name: Cholestan-3-ol, (3beta,5alpha)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cholestanols
Cholestanes substituted in any position with one or more hydroxy groups. They are found in feces and bile. In contrast to bile acids and salts, they are not reabsorbed. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cholestanone
An oxidation product of cholestanol, differing from it in the presence of a ketone oxygen in place of the 3-hydroxyl group; an isomer of coprostanone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholestanones
Cholestanes substituted with any number of keto groups. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cholestasia
<gastroenterology> Stoppage or suppression of the flow of bile, having intrahepatic or extrahepatic causes. ... Origin: Gr. Stasis = stoppage ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

cholestasis
<gastroenterology> An arrest of the normal flow of bile. This may occur due to a blockage of the bile ducts resulting in an elevation of bilirubin in the bloodstream (jaundice). ... Origin: Gr. Stasis = stoppage ... (15 Jan 1998) ...

cholestasis, intrahepatic
Intrahepatic impairment of bile flow. It is usually due to liver cell damage, but may be due to obstruction of intrahepatic bile ducts. It is also called hepatocellular jaundice and medical jaundice. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cholestatic
Tending to diminish or stop the flow of bile. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholestatic hepatitis
Jaundice with bile stasis in inflamed intrahepatic bile ducts; usually due to toxic effects of a drug. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholestatic jaundice
Jaundice produced by inspissated bile or bile plugs in small biliary passages in the liver. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholesteatoma
<dermatology> A benign condition involving an expanding mass of cholesterol crystals and keratinised skin in the middle ear space of unknown cause. ... Symptoms of hearing loss, ear fullness and pain are common. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

cholesteatoma, middle ear
Cholesteatoma associated with chronic infection of the middle ear, formed of the outer desquamating layers of stratified squamous epithelium which has extended inward and upward to line the tympanum, epitympanum, and antrum. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cholesteatomatous
Of or pertaining to cholesteatoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholestenes
Steroids with methyl groups at c-10 and c-13 and a branched 8-carbon chain at c-17. Members include compounds with any degree of unsaturation; however, cholestadienes is available for derivatives containing two double bonds. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cholestenone
A dehydrocholestanone, differing from cholestanone by the presence of a double bond between carbons 4 and 5. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholestenone 5 beta-reductase
<enzyme> A liver enzyme; may be same protein as EC 1.3.1.3 ... Registry number: EC 1.3.1.23 ... Synonym: delta(4)-3-ketosteroid-5 beta reductase, 3-keto-5-beta steroid-nadp+ -delta 4-oxidoreductase, androstenedione 5 beta-reductase, delta(4)-oxosteroid 5 beta-reductase, delta(4)-3-oxosteroid 5beta-reductase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

cholestenones
Cholestenes with one or more double bonds and substituted by any number of keto groups. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cholesteraemia
The presence of enhanced quantities of cholesterol in the blood. ... Synonym: cholesterinaemia, cholesterolaemia. ... Origin: cholesterol + G. Haima, blood ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholesteride
An obsolete term for a cholesteryl ester of a fatty acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholesterin
Synonym for cholesterol ... 1. <biochemistry> A pearly, fatlike steroid alcohol, C27H45OH, crystallizing in the form of leaflets or plates from dilute alcohol and found in animal fats and oils, in bile, blood, brain tissue, milk, yolk of egg, myelin sheaths of nerve fibres, the liver, kidneys and adrenal glands. ... It constitutes a large part …

cholesterinaemia
Synonym for cholesteraemia ... The presence of enhanced quantities of cholesterol in the blood. ... Synonym: cholesterinaemia, cholesterolaemia. ... Origin: cholesterol + G. Haima, blood ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholesterinised antigen
Cardiolipin to which cholesterol has been added. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholesterinosis
Synonym: cholesterolosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholesterinuria
Synonym: cholesteroluria. ... Origin: cholesterin + G. Ouron, urine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholesteroderma
Synonym for xanthochromia ... The occurrence of patches of yellow colour in the skin, resembling xanthoma, but without the nodules or plates. ... Synonym: cholesteroderma, xanthochroia, xanthoderma, xanthopathy, yellow disease, yellow skin. ... Origin: xantho-+ G. Chroma, colour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholesterol
1. <biochemistry> A pearly, fatlike steroid alcohol, C27H45OH, crystallizing in the form of leaflets or plates from dilute alcohol and found in animal fats and oils, in bile, blood, brain tissue, milk, yolk of egg, myelin sheaths of nerve fibres, the liver, kidneys and adrenal glands. ... It constitutes a large part of the most frequently occu …

cholesterol 26-hydroxylase
<enzyme> Cyt p-450 dependent, ferredoxin involved ... Registry number: EC 1.14.15.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

cholesterol 7 alpha-monooxygenase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the hydroxylation of cholesterol to cholest-5-en-3 beta,7 alpha-diol. ... Chemical name: Cholesterol,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (7 alpha-hydroxylating) ... Registry number: EC 1.14.13.17 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cholesterol cleft
A space caused by the dissolving out of cholesterol crystals in sections of tissue embedded in paraffin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholesterol dehydrogenase
<enzyme> Converts cholesterol to coprostanol; mechanism given is incorrect for enzyme name ... Registry number: EC 1.3.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

cholesterol embolism
Embolism of lipid debris from an ulcerated atheromatous deposit, generally from a large artery to small arterial branches; it is usually small and rarely causes infarction. ... Synonym: atheroma embolism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

cholesterol ester storage disease
A rare benign adult form of inherited lysosomal lipid storage disease that is due to deficiency of acid lipase. It results in an accumulation of neutral lipids, particularly cholesterol esters, within cells (particularly leukocytes, fibroblasts, and liver cells). It is an allelic variant of wolman disease. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cholesterol esterase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of cholesterol and some other sterol esters, to liberate cholesterol plus a fatty acid anion. ... Chemical name: Steryl-ester acylhydrolase ... Registry number: EC 3.1.1.13 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

cholesterol esters
Fatty acid esters of cholesterol which constitute about two-thirds of the cholesterol in the plasma. The accumulation of cholesterol esters in the arterial intima is a characteristic feature of atherosclerosis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...