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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


Chotzen's syndrome
<syndrome> Characterised by syndactyly as well as mild mental retardation, hypertelorism, and sometimes, ptosis; autosomal dominant inheritance. ... See: type III acrocephalosyndactyly. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Christ
J., German dermatologist, 1871-1948. ... See: Christ-Siemens-Touraine syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Christ-Siemens-Touraine syndrome
Synonym for anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia ... A hereditary condition (most often x linked) that is characterised by the abnormal development of skin, absence of sweat glands, dry eyes and abnormal development of teeth. ... Symptoms include absent teeth, peg teeth, inability to sweat, thin skin and heat intolerance. Mucous membrane involvement may r …

Christchurch chromosome
An abnormal small acrocentric chromosome (no. 21 or 22) with complete or almost complete deletion of the short arm; found in cultured leukocytes in some cases of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, also in some normal relatives of patients. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Christensen
Erna, Danish pathologist, 1906-1967. ... See: Christensen-Krabbe disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Christensen-Krabbe disease
Synonym for poliodystrophia cerebri progressiva infantilis ... Familial progressive spastic paresis of extremities with progressive mental deterioration, with development of seizures, blindness and deafness, beginning during the first year of life, and with destruction and disorganization of nerve cells of the cerebral cortex. ... Synonym: Alpers dis …

christian science
A religion discovered by mary baker eddy in 1866 that was organised under the official name of the church of christ, scientist, that derives its teachings from the scriptures as understood by its adherents, and that includes a practice of spiritual healing based upon the teaching that cause and effect are mental, and that sin, sickness, and death w …

Christian, Henry
<person> U.S. Internist, 1876-1951. ... See: Christian's disease, Christian's syndrome, Hand-Schuller-Christian disease, Weber-Christian disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Christian's disease
Synonym for Hand-Schuller-Christian disease ... histiocytosis ...

Christian's syndrome
Synonym for Hand-Schuller-Christian disease ... histiocytosis ...

christianity
The religion stemming from the life, teachings, and death of jesus christ: the religion that believes in god as the father almighty who works redemptively through the holy spirit for men's salvation and that affirms jesus christ as lord and savior who proclaimed to man the gospel of salvation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Christison, Sir Robert
<person> Scottish physician, 1797-1882. ... See: Christison's formula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Christison's formula
Synonym for Haser's formula ... A formula to determine the number of grams of urinary solids per liter, obtained by multiplying 2.33 by the last two figures of the specific gravity of the urine. ... Synonym: Christison's formula, Trapp's formula, Trapp-Haser formula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Christmas
Surname of a child with the disease subsequently called Christmas disease; first case studied in detail. ... See: Christmas factor, haemophilia B. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Christmas disease
<haematology> A form of haemophilia in males that results from a deficiency of clotting factor IX, transmitted as a X-linked trait (first described in the Christmas issue of British Medical Journal in 1952). Inherited in similar sex-linked way to classical haemophilia. ... Symptoms include easy bruising, nosebleeds, bleeding gums and bleeding …

Christmas factor
Synonym for factor ix ... <chemical> Storage-stable blood coagulation factor acting in the intrinsic pathway. Its activated form, ixa, forms a complex with factor viii and calcium on platelet factor 3 to activate factor x to xa. Deficiency of factor ix results in christmas disease (haemophilia b). ... Chemical name: Blood-coagulation factor IX< …

christmas factor assay
A test used to measure the activity of a blood clotting factor IX (Christmas factor). This test may be used to evaluate excessive bleeding. Abnormally low factor IX assays may be seen in the following conditions: congenital deficiency of factor IX, fat malabsorption, heparin administration, cirrhosis, vitamin K deficiency and warfarin administratio …

chrom-
Colour. ... Origin: G. Chroma ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chroma
The relative purity or saturation of a colour, intensity of distinctive hue as related to grayness, one of the three variables of colour. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

chromaffin
Giving a brownish yellow reaction with chromic salts; denoting certain cells in the medulla of the adrenal glands and in paraganglia. ... Synonym: chromaphil, chromatophil, chromophil, chromophile, pheochrome. ... Origin: chrom-+ L. Affinis, affinity ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromaffin body
Synonym for paraganglion ... A small, roundish body containing chromaffin cells; a number of such bodies may be found retroperitoneally near the aorta and in organs such as the kidney, liver, heart, and gonads. ... Synonym: chromaffin body. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromaffin cell
Synonym for granins ... Family of related acidic proteins (400-600 residues) found in many endocrine cell secretory vesicles. Secretogranin 1 = chromogranin B, secretogranin 2 = chromogranin C. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

chromaffin granules
Granules in the adrenal glands and various other organs, which are concerned with the synthesis, storage, metabolism, and secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

chromaffin reaction
Production of a yellow-brown to brown colouration in normal and abnormal cells containing epinephrine and norepinephrine, when fresh tissue slices are placed in a dichromate-chromate mixture overnight; useful for detection of pheochromocytoma (adrenal medulla) and other tumours which produce catecholamines. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromaffin system
The cells of the body which stain with chromium salts. They occur along the sympathetic nerves, in the adrenal gland, and in various other organs. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

chromaffin tissue
Tissue in medulla of adrenal gland containing two populations of cells, one producing adrenaline, the other noradrenaline. The catecholamine is associated with carrier proteins (chromogranins) in membrane vesicles (chromaffin granules). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

chromaffin tumour
Synonym for chromaffinoma ... <tumour> A neoplasm composed of chromaffin cells occurring in the medullae of adrenal glands, the organs of Zuckerkandl, or the paraganglia of the thoracolumbar sympathetic chain; some chromaffinoma's secrete catecholamines. ... See: pheochromocytoma. ... Synonym: chromaffin tumour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromaffinoma
<tumour> A neoplasm composed of chromaffin cells occurring in the medullae of adrenal glands, the organs of Zuckerkandl, or the paraganglia of the thoracolumbar sympathetic chain; some chromaffinoma's secrete catecholamines. ... See: pheochromocytoma. ... Synonym: chromaffin tumour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromaffinopathy
Any pathologic condition of chromaffin tissue, as in the medullae of adrenal glands or the organs of Zuckerkandl. ... Origin: chromaffin + G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chroman
Chromane ... 3,4-Dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran;fundamental unit of the tocopherols (vitamin E). ... See: chromanol, chromene, chromenol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromanol
6-Hydroxychroman (6-chromanol) is the fundamental unit of the tocopherols (vitamin E), tocols, and tocotrienols, as well as of ubi-, toco-, and phyllochromanol. ... See: chroman, chromene, chromenol. ... Synonym: hydroxychroman. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromans
Benzopyrans saturated in the 2 and 3 positions. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

chromaphil
Synonym for chromaffin ... Giving a brownish yellow reaction with chromic salts; denoting certain cells in the medulla of the adrenal glands and in paraganglia. ... Synonym: chromaphil, chromatophil, chromophil, chromophile, pheochrome. ... Origin: chrom-+ L. Affinis, affinity ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromat-
See: chrom-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromate
A salt of chromic acid. ... Sodium chromate Cr 51, anionic hexavalent radioactive chromium in the form of sodium chromate (Na251CrO4) with a half-life of 27.8 days; used for the determination of circulating red cell volume and red cell survival time. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromate reductase
<enzyme> Anaerobic enzyme from cell wall of enterobacter cloacae; ascorbate-reduced phenazine methosulfate can act as electron domor ... Registry number: EC 1.97.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

chromate stain
<technique> For lead, a method in which tissues preserved in chromate-containing fixatives, such as Regaud's or Orth's fixatives, precipitate lead as yellow lead chromate crystals; formalin-fixed sections are treated with potassium chromate acidified with acetic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromates
Salts of chromic acid containing the cro(2-)4 radical. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

chromatiaceae
Generally strictly anaerobic organisms found in the anaerobic and sulfide-containing parts of all kinds of aquatic environments. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

chromatic
Of or pertaining to colour or colours; produced by, or made in, a colour or colours. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatic aberration
When using white light through a lens system, it is inevitable that different wave lengths (colours) are brought to a focus at slightly different points. As a consequence, there are chromatic aberations in the image, good microscope objectives are therefore corrected for this at two wave lengths (achromats) or at three wave lengths (apochromats), a …

chromatic apparatus
The deeply staining mass of chromosomes in a dividing cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatic audition
colour hearing ...

chromatic fibre
Synonym for chromonema ... The coiled filament in which the genes are located, which extends the entire length of a chromosome and exhibits an intensely positive Feulgen test for DNA. ... Synonym: chromatic fibre. ... Origin: chromo-+ G. Nema, thread ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatic granule
Synonym for chromophil granule ... Any readily stainable granule, a granule of chromophil (Nissl) substance. ... Synonym: chromatic granule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatic spectrum
The continuum of colours that white light forms on passing through a prism or diffraction grating. ... Synonym: colour spectrum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatic vision
Synonym for chromatopsia ... A condition in which objects appear to be abnormally coloured or tinged with colour; designated according to the colour seen: xanthopsia, yellow vision; erythropsia, red vision; chloropsia, green vision; cyanopsia, blue vision. ... Synonym: chromatic vision, coloured vision, tinted vision. ... Compare: dyschromatopsia. ... …

chromatid
Single chromosome containing only one DNA duplex. Two daughter chromatids become visible at mitotic metaphase, though they are present throughout G2. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

chromatids
The daughter strands of a duplicated chromosome joined together by a centromere. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

chromatin
Stainable material of interphase nucleus consisting of nucleic acid and associated histone protein packed into nucleosomes. Euchromatin is loosely packed and accessible to RNA polymerases, whereas heterochromatin is highly condensed and probably transcriptionally inactive. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

chromatin body
Barr body, condensed X chromosome in female mammalian cell. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

chromatin network
The appearance of basophilic material in the nuclei of many cells after fixation. ... See: chromatin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatin nucleolus
Synonym for karyosome ... <cell biology> The central portion of a cells nucleus that typically contains a glob of heterochromatin. ... Origin: Gr. Soma = body ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

chromatin particles
Fine bluish dots thought to represent remnants of the nucleus, occasionally seen in stained erythrocytes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatinolysis
Synonym for chromatolysis ... The disintegration of the granules of chromophil substance (Nissl bodies) in a nerve cell body which may occur after exhaustion of the cell or damage to its peripheral process; other changes considered part of chromatolysis include swelling of the perikaryon and shifting of the nucleus from its central position to the p …

chromatinorrhexis
Fragmentation of the chromatin. ... Origin: chromatin + G. Rhexis, rupture ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatism
1. Abnormal pigmentation. ... Synonym: chromatic aberration. ... Origin: G. Chroma, colour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatium
A genus of gram-negative, ovoid to rod-shaped bacteria that is phototrophic. All species use ammonia as a nitrogen source. Some strains are found only in sulfide-containing freshwater habitats exposed to light while others may occur in marine, estuarine, and freshwater environments. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

chromato-
See: chrom-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatogenous
Producing colour; causing pigmentation. ... Origin: chromato-+ -gen, producing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatogram
The graphic record produced by chromatography. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatograph
To perform chromatography. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatographic
Pertaining to chromatography. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatography
<investigation> Techniques for separating molecules based on differential absorption and elution. Term for separation methods involving flow of a fluid carrier over a nonmobile absorbing phase. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

chromatography paper
Used in paper chromatography. ... Synonym: high quality filter paper. ... Congo red paper, paper impregnated with Congo red; used as a pH indicator, changing from blue-violet at 3.0 to red at 5.0. ... Filter paper, an unsized paper used in pharmacy and chemistry for filtering solutions; many varieties are used for paper chromatography. ... (05 Mar 2000 …

chromatography, affinity
A chromatographic technique that utilises the ability of biological molecules to bind to certain ligands specifically and reversibly. It is used in protein biochemistry. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

chromatography, agarose
A method of gel filtration chromatography using agarose, the non-ionic component of agar, for the separation of compounds with molecular weights up to several million. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

chromatography, deae-cellulose
A type of ion exchange chromatography using diethylaminoethyl cellulose (deae-cellulose) as a positively charged resin. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

chromatography, gas
Fractionation of a vaporised sample as a consequence of partition between a mobile gaseous phase and a stationary phase held in a column. Two types are gas-solid chromatography, where the fixed phase is a solid, and gas-liquid, in which the stationary phase is a nonvolatile liquid supported on an inert solid matrix. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

chromatography, gel
Chromatography on non-ionic gels without regard to the mechanism of solute discrimination. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

chromatography, ion exchange
Separation technique in which the stationary phase consists of ion exchange resins. The resins contain loosely held small ions that easily exchange places with other small ions of like charge present in solutions washed over the resins. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

chromatography, liquid
Chromatographic techniques in which the mobile phase is a liquid. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

chromatography, thin layer
Chromatography on thin layers of adsorbents rather than in columns. The adsorbent can be alumina, silica gel, silicates, charcoals, or cellulose. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

chromatoid
A refractile substance composed of chromatin, thought to be a non-glycogen food reserve contained within the cytoplasm of certain protozoa; seen in cysts of Entamoeba histolytica as rounded bars or chromatoidal bodies in contrast to the splintery form of chromatoid bodies in cysts of Entamoeba coli. ... Origin: chromato-+ G. Eidos, form ... (05 Mar 2 …

chromatokinesis
Rearrangement of the chromatin into various forms. ... Origin: chromato-+ G. Kinesis, movement ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatolysis
The disintegration of the granules of chromophil substance (Nissl bodies) in a nerve cell body which may occur after exhaustion of the cell or damage to its peripheral process; other changes considered part of chromatolysis include swelling of the perikaryon and shifting of the nucleus from its central position to the periphery. ... Synonym: chromat …

chromatolytic
Relating to chromatolysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatometer
Synonym: colourimeter. ... Origin: chromato-+ G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatopectic
Relating to or causing chromatopexis. ... Synonym: chromopectic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatopexis
The fixation of colour or staining fluid. ... Synonym: chromopexis. ... Origin: chromato-+ G. Pexis, fixation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatophil
Synonym: chromophilic. ... Synonym: chromophil. ... Synonym: chromaffin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatophilia
Synonym for chromophilia ... The property possessed by most cells of staining readily with appropriate dyes. ... Synonym: chromatophilia. ... Origin: chromo-+ G. Phileo, to love ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatophilic
Synonym for chromophilic ... Staining readily; denoting certain cells and histologic structures. ... Synonym: chromatophil, chromatophilic, chromatophilous, chromophil, chromophile. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatophobia
Synonym for chromophobia ... 1. Resistance to stains on the part of cells and tissues. ... 2. <psychology> A morbid dislike of colours. ... Synonym: chromatophobia. ... Origin: chromo-+ G. Phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatophore
1. Pigment containing cells of the dermis, particularly in teleosts and amphibians. By controlling the intracellular distribution of pigment granules the animal can blend with the background. Melanocytes and melanophores are melanin containing chromatophores. ... 2. Term occasionally used for chloroplasts in the chromophyte algae. ... (18 Nov 1997)
chromatophores
Any pigmentary cell or colour-producing plastid. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

chromatophorotropic
Denoting the attraction of chromatophores to the skin or other organs. ... Origin: chromatophore + G. Tropos, a turning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatophorotropic hormone
See: melanotropin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatoplasm
The part of the cytoplasm containing pigment. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatopsia
A condition in which objects appear to be abnormally coloured or tinged with colour; designated according to the colour seen: xanthopsia, yellow vision; erythropsia, red vision; chloropsia, green vision; cyanopsia, blue vision. ... Synonym: chromatic vision, coloured vision, tinted vision. ... Compare: dyschromatopsia. ... Origin: chromato-+ G. Opsis, …

chromatosome
A nucleosome with one bound histone-1 protein. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromatotropism
1. A change of colour. ... 2. The phenomenon of orientation in response to colour. ... Origin: chromato-+ G. Trope, turn ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromaturia
Abnormal colouration of the urine. ... Origin: chromato-+ G. Ouron, urine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chrome
Chromium, especially as a source of pigment. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chrome alum
The sulfate of chromium and potassium; used as a mordant in histologic staining. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chrome red
Basic lead chromate, PbCrO4PbO. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chrome ulcer
An ulcer produced by exposure to chromium compounds. ... Synonym: tanner's ulcer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chrome yellow
A fine yellow powder used in paints and dyes. ... Synonym: lead chromate, Leipzig yellow, lemon yellow, Paris yellow. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chrome-cobalt alloys
Alloy's of cobalt and chromium containing molybdenum and/or tungsten plus trace elements; used in dentistry for denture bases and frameworks, and other structures. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

chromene
2H-1-Benzopyran;fundamental unit of the tocopherolquinones. ... See: chroman, chromanol, chromenol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...