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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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circumrenalSynonym: perinephric. ... Origin: circum-+ L. Ren, kidney ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
circumsciss<technique> To break open along a transverse line around the circumference of something. ... (15 Jan 1998) ...
circumscissile<plant biology> Opening splitting by a transverse fissure around the circumference, leaving an upper and lower half, said of certain seed pods or capsules. ... (15 Jan 1998) ...
circumscribedLimited in space, well localised. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
circumscribed breast lesions<radiology> Lucent, lipoma, oil cyst (following haematoma or biopsy), galactocele (associated with lactation), mixed density, fibro-adeno-lipoma, galactocele, intramammary lymph node, haematoma ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
circumscribed craniomalaciaSynonym for craniotabes ... A disease marked by the presence of areas of thinning and softening in the bones of the skull and widening of the sutures and fontanelles. Usually of syphilitic or rachitic origin. ... Synonym: circumscribed craniomalacia. ... Origin: cranio-+ L. Tabes, a wasting ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
circumscribed peritonitisSynonym for localised peritonitis ... Peritonitis confined to a demarcated region of the peritoneal cavity. ... Synonym: circumscribed peritonitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
circumscribed pyocephalusAbscess of the brain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
circumscriptusSynonym: circumscribed. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
circumstantialityA disturbance in the thought process, either voluntary or involuntary, in which one gives an excessive amount of detail (circumstances) that is often tangential, elaborate, and irrelevant, to avoid making a direct statement or answer to a question; observed in schizophrenia and in obsessional disorders. ... Compare: tangentiality. ... Origin: L. Circ …
circumvallateDenoting a structure surrounded by a wall, as the circumvallate (vallate) papillae of the tongue. ... Origin: circum-+ L. Vallum, wall ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
circumvallate papillaSynonym for vallate papilla ... One of eight or ten projections from the dorsum of the tongue forming a row anterior to and parallel with the sulcus terminalis; each papilla is surrounded by a circular trench (fossa) having a slightly raised outer wall (vallum); on the sides of the vallate papilla and the opposed margin of the vallum are numerous ta …
circumvascularSynonym: perivascular. ... Origin: circum-+ L. Vasculum, vessel ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
circumventricularAround or in the area of a ventricle, as are the circumventricular organs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
circumventricular organsFour small areas in or near the base of the brain that have fenestrated capillaries and are outside the blood-brain barrier. They are neurohypophysis, area postrema, organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis and subfornical organ (SFO). The neurohypophysis is a neurohemal organ. The other three are chemoreceptors: area postrema triggers vomiting …
circumvoluteTwisted around; rolled about. ... Origin: L. Circum-volvo, pp. -volutus, to roll around ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
circumzygomatic fixationStabilization of a fracture segment or surgical splint by wire passed around the zygomatic arch. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
circus movementA contraction or excitation wave traveling continuously in circular fashion around a ring of muscle or through the wall of the heart. ... Synonym: circus rhythm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
circus rhythmSynonym for circus movement ... A contraction or excitation wave traveling continuously in circular fashion around a ring of muscle or through the wall of the heart. ... Synonym: circus rhythm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cirrhogenousCirrhogenic ... Rarely used term for tending to the development of cirrhosis. ... Origin: G. Kirrhos, yellow (liver), + -gen, producing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cirrhonosusA disease of the foetus marked anatomically by a yellow staining of the peritoneum and pleura. ... Origin: G. Kirrhos, yellow (liver), + nosos, disease ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cirrhosis<gastroenterology> Liver disease characterised pathologically by loss of the normal microscopic lobular architecture, with fibrosis and nodular regeneration. The term is sometimes used to refer to chronic interstitial inflammation of any organ. ... Origin: Gr. Kirrhos = orange yellow ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
cirrhoticRelating to or affected with cirrhosis or advanced fibrosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cirri<cell biology> Large motor organelles of hypotrich ciliates: formed from fused cilia. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
cirrousRelating to or having cirri. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cirrusA structure formed from a cluster or tuft of fused cilia, constituting one of the sensory or locomotor organs of certain ciliate protozoa. ... Origin: L. A curl ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cirsectomy<procedure> An obsolete term for excision of a section of a varicose vein. ... Origin: G. Kirsos, varix, + ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cirsoceleSynonym: varicocele. ... Origin: G. Kirsos, varix, + kele, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cirsodesisAn obsolete term for ligation of varicose veins. ... Origin: G. Kirsos, varix, + desis, a binding, fr. Deo, to bind ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cirsoidSynonym: variciform. ... Origin: G. Kirsos, varix, + eidos, appearance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cirsoid aneurysmDilation of a group of blood vessels owing to congenital malformation with arteriovenous shunting. ... Synonym: cirsoid varix, racemose aneurysm, racemose haemangioma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cirsoid varixSynonym for cirsoid aneurysm ... Dilation of a group of blood vessels owing to congenital malformation with arteriovenous shunting. ... Synonym: cirsoid varix, racemose aneurysm, racemose haemangioma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cirsomphalosRarely used term for caput medusae ... Origin: G. Kirsos, varix, + omphalos, umbilicus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cirsophthalmiaVaricose dilation of the conjunctival blood vessels. ... Origin: G. Kirsos, varix, + ophthalmos, eye ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cirsotomeAn obsolete term for cutting instrument used in operating upon varicose veins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cirsotomy<procedure> An obsolete term for treatment of varicose veins by multiple incisions. ... Origin: G. Kirsos, varix, + tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
CIS<abbreviation> Carcinoma in situ. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cis acting<molecular biology> Having to do with a genetic element (such as a promoter or other regulatory locus) having an effect (like promotion or suppression) on two unrelated targets (such as genes) on the same chromosome as a result of their relative positions on the chromosome. ... A gene which regulates the transcription into mRNA of other genes …
cis activation<molecular biology> Activation of a gene by an activator located on the same chromosome i.e. Not by a diffusible product. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
cis configuration<molecular biology> The configuration of an organic molecule containing a double bond between two carbon atoms, where the largest, most complex R groups are on the same side: H H \ / C=C / \ H3C CH3 -OR-The configuration of an organic molecule containing a ring, where the largest, most complex R groups are on the same side: H H ___ \ / // …
cis dominance<molecular biology> When a gene or promoter affects only gene activity in the DNA duplex molecule in which it is placed the effect is referred to as cis, as opposed to trans effects when a gene or promoter on one DNA molecule can affect genes on another DNA molecule. Cis dominance is seen only when the appropriate pair or set of genes are all …
cis trans test<molecular biology> The complementation test with two or more interacting genes placed in cis and in trans relationships to each other. A double mutant genome is used in the cis test made from the two single mutant genomes used in the trans test by recombination. ... If the wild type phenotype is restored by both cis and trans arrangements it …
cis-1. <prefix> Prefix meaning on this side, on the near side; opposite of trans-. ... 2. <genetics> A prefix denoting the location of two or more genes on the same chromosome of a homologous pair, in coupling. ... 3. <chemistry> A form of geometric isomerism in which similar functional groups are attached on the same side of the plane …
cis-aconitic acidDehydration product of citric acid; an enzyme-bound intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cis-acting locusA section of DNA that affects the activity of DNA sequences on that same molecule of DNA. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cis-acting proteinA protein that acts on the molecule of DNA from which it was expressed. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cis-isoprenyltransferase<enzyme> Cis-isoprene units of dolichyl monophosphate are added to trans,trans-farnesyl pyrophosphate using isopentenyl pyrophosphate as donor; from embryonic rat brain ... Registry number: EC 2.5.1.- ... Synonym: long-chain cis-isoprenyltransferase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
cis-prenyl transferase<enzyme> Involved in dolichol biosynthesis ... Registry number: EC 2.5.1.- ... Synonym: cis-prenyltransferase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
cis-trans-isomerases<enzyme> Enzymes that catalyze the rearrangement of geometry about double bonds. ... Registry number: EC 5.2 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
cisA recombinase<enzyme> Encoded by bacillus subtilis sporulation gene spoivc ... Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
cisplatin<chemical> (sp-4-2)-diamminedichloroplatinum. The cis-isomer of a simple platinum compound that has antineoplastic action and may enhance tumour antigenicity as a result of binding to DNA. The compound also causes renal damage. ... Pharmacological action: antineoplastic agent, radiation-sensitizing agents. ... Chemical name: Platinum, diammined …
cissaCraving for unusual or unwholesome foods during pregnancy. ... See: pica. ... Synonym: citta, cittosis. ... Origin: G. Kissa, kitta, longing for strange food by pregnant women ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cistern<cell biology> A closed, fluid-filled sac or vesicle found on a Golgi apparatus comprising the dictyosomes. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
cistern of chiasmSynonym for chiasmatic cistern ... A dilation of the subarachnoid space below and anterior to the optic chiasm. ... Synonym: cisterna chiasmatis, cistern of chiasm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cistern of cytoplasmic reticulumSee: cisterna. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cistern of great cerebral vein<anatomy, vein> An expansion of the subarachnoid space extending forward between the corpus callosum and the thalamus; it encloses the internal cerebral veins which caudally join to form the vena magna cerebri (Galen's vein). ... Synonym: ambient cistern, Bichat's canal, Bichat's foramen, cistern of great vein of cerebrum, cisterna ambiens, ci …
cistern of great vein of cerebrumSynonym for cistern of great cerebral vein ... <anatomy, vein> An expansion of the subarachnoid space extending forward between the corpus callosum and the thalamus; it encloses the internal cerebral veins which caudally join to form the vena magna cerebri (Galen's vein). ... Synonym: ambient cistern, Bichat's canal, Bichat's foramen, cistern o …
cistern of nuclear envelopeSynonym for cisterna caryothecae ... The space between the internal and external membranes of the nuclear envelope; may be continuous in places with cisterns of the endoplasmic reticulum. ... Synonym: cistern of nuclear envelope, perinuclear space. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cisterna1. Any cavity or enclosed space serving as a reservoir, especially for chyle, lymph, or cerebrospinal fluid. ... 2. An ultramicroscopic space occurring between the membranes of the flattened sacs of the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi complex, or the two membranes of the nuclear envelope. ... Synonym: cistern. ... Origin: L. An underground cistern fo …
cisterna ambiensSynonym for cistern of great cerebral vein ... <anatomy, vein> An expansion of the subarachnoid space extending forward between the corpus callosum and the thalamus; it encloses the internal cerebral veins which caudally join to form the vena magna cerebri (Galen's vein). ... Synonym: ambient cistern, Bichat's canal, Bichat's foramen, cistern o …
cisterna basalisSynonym for interpeduncular cistern ... A dilation of the subarachnoid space in front of the pons, where the arachnoid membrane stretches across between the two temporal lobes over the base of the diencephalon. ... See: interpeduncular fossa. ... Synonym: cisterna interpeduncularis, basal cistern, cisterna basalis, cisterna cruralis, Tarin's space. …
cisterna caryothecaeThe space between the internal and external membranes of the nuclear envelope; may be continuous in places with cisterns of the endoplasmic reticulum. ... Synonym: cistern of nuclear envelope, perinuclear space. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cisterna cerebellomedullarisSynonym for cerebellomedullary cistern ... The largest of the subarachnoid cisterns between the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata; may be divided into a dorsal cistern located between the cerebellum and dorsal surface of the medulla (cisterna magna) and a lateral cistern located between the cerebellum and the lateral aspect of the medulla. ... Syn …
cisterna chiasmatisSynonym for chiasmatic cistern ... A dilation of the subarachnoid space below and anterior to the optic chiasm. ... Synonym: cisterna chiasmatis, cistern of chiasm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cisterna chyliA dilated sac at the lower end of the thoracic duct into which the intestinal trunk and two lumbar lymphatic trunks open; it occurs inconstantly and when present is located posterior to the aorta on the anterior aspect of the bodies of the first and second lumbar vertebrae. ... Synonym: ampulla chyli, chyle cistern, chylocyst, Pecquet's cistern, Pec …
cisterna cruralisSynonym for interpeduncular cistern ... A dilation of the subarachnoid space in front of the pons, where the arachnoid membrane stretches across between the two temporal lobes over the base of the diencephalon. ... See: interpeduncular fossa. ... Synonym: cisterna interpeduncularis, basal cistern, cisterna basalis, cisterna cruralis, Tarin's space. …
cisterna fossae lateralis cerebriSynonym for cistern of lateral fossa of cerebrum ... An elongated expansion of the subarachnoid space where the arachnoid bridges over the opening of the Sylvian fissure. ... Synonym: cisterna fossae lateralis cerebri. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cisterna interpeduncularisSynonym for interpeduncular cistern ... A dilation of the subarachnoid space in front of the pons, where the arachnoid membrane stretches across between the two temporal lobes over the base of the diencephalon. ... See: interpeduncular fossa. ... Synonym: cisterna interpeduncularis, basal cistern, cisterna basalis, cisterna cruralis, Tarin's space. …
cisterna magnaSynonym for cerebellomedullary cistern ... The largest of the subarachnoid cisterns between the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata; may be divided into a dorsal cistern located between the cerebellum and dorsal surface of the medulla (cisterna magna) and a lateral cistern located between the cerebellum and the lateral aspect of the medulla. ... Syn …
cisterna perilymphaticaSynonym for perilymphatic space ... Space between the bony and membranous portions of the labyrinth. ... Synonym: spatium perilymphaticum, cisterna perilymphatica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cisterna pontisSynonym for pontine cistern ... An upward continuation of the subarachnoid space of the spinal cord, continuous about the medulla with the cerebellomedullary cisternl; may be divided into inferior (containing roots of C.N. 9-12) and superior (containing root of C.N. 5, 7, 8) parts. ... Synonym: cisterna pontis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cisterna superiorisSynonym for cistern of great cerebral vein ... <anatomy, vein> An expansion of the subarachnoid space extending forward between the corpus callosum and the thalamus; it encloses the internal cerebral veins which caudally join to form the vena magna cerebri (Galen's vein). ... Synonym: ambient cistern, Bichat's canal, Bichat's foramen, cistern o …
cisterna venae magnae cerebriSynonym for cistern of great cerebral vein ... <anatomy, vein> An expansion of the subarachnoid space extending forward between the corpus callosum and the thalamus; it encloses the internal cerebral veins which caudally join to form the vena magna cerebri (Galen's vein). ... Synonym: ambient cistern, Bichat's canal, Bichat's foramen, cistern o …
cisternae<cell biology> Membrane bounded saccules of the smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi appartus. ... Operationally might almost be considered as an extra cytoplasmic compartment since substances in the cisternal space will eventually be released to the exterior. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
cisternae subarachnoidealesSynonym for subarachnoidal cisterns ... Widening portions of the subarachnoid space within the cranium where the arachnoid bridges over a depression on the surface of the brain. ... See: subarachnoid space. ... Synonym: cisternae subarachnoideales. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cisternalRelating to a cisterna. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cisternal puncturePassage of a hollow needle through the posterior atlantooccipital membrane into the cisterna cerebellomedullaris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cisternographyThe radiographic study of the basal cisterns of the brain after the subarachnoid introduction of an opaque or other contrast medium, or a radiopharmaceutical with a suitable detector. ... Origin: cisterna + G. Grapho, to write ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
cistron<molecular biology> A genetic element defined by means of the cis trans complementation test for functional allelism, broadly equivalent to the sequence of DNA that codes for one polypeptide chain, including adjacent control regions. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
cisvestismThe practice of dressing in clothes inappropriate to one's position or status. ... Compare: transvestism. ... Origin: L. Cis, on the near side of, + vestio, to dress ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
citalopram<chemical> A selective neuronal serotonin reuptake inhibitor and a clinically effective antidepressant with tolerable side effects. The drug is also effective in reducing ethanol uptake in alcoholics and is used in depressed patients who also suffer from tardive dyskinesia in preference to tricyclic antidepressants, which aggravate this condi …
CitellusA genus of ground squirrel. Citellus beecheyi, Citellus grammurus, Citellus pygmaeus, Citellus townsendi, and several other species act as an important reservoir of Yersinia pestis. ... Origin: Mod. L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
citiesA large or important municipality of a country, usually a major metropolitan centre. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
cito disp<abbreviation> L. Cito dispensetur, let it be dispensed quickly. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
citraconic anhydridesMethylmaleic anhydrides. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
citraconyl-aldolase<enzyme> Derivative of aldolase, EC 4.1.2.13, formed by reaction of 2-methylmaleic anhydride (citraconic anhydride); citraconic acid (79-80) is not an active mh and was deleted from pi ... Registry number: EC 4.1.2.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
citralA monoterpene aldehyde consisting of both geometric isomers found in oils from lemon, orange, verbena, and lemon grass; citral-A is the trans-isomer and citral-B is the cis-isomer (neral). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
citrataseSynonym for citrate lyase ... Citrate (pro-3S)-lyase;an enzyme that catalyses the cleavage of citrate to oxaloacetate and acetate, in the absence of coenzyme A. ... Synonym: citrase, citratase, citrate aldolase, citridesmolase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
citrateA salt or ester of citric acid; used as anticoagulants because they bind calcium ions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
citrate (pro-3S)-lyase<enzyme> Consists of two enzymes and an acyl carrier protein ... Registry number: EC 4.1.3.6 ... Synonym: citrate lyase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
citrate (pro-3S)-lyase deacetylase<enzyme> Catalyses conversion of enzymatically active acetyl-s-citrate lyase (4.1.3.6) into inactive hs-form and acetate ... Registry number: EC 3.1.2.- ... Synonym: citrate lyase deacetylase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
citrate (pro-3S)-lyase ligase<enzyme> Deacetylcitrate lyase, acetate and ATP forms citrate lyase, AMP, pi ... Registry number: EC 6.2.1.22 ... Synonym: citc gene product, acetate-sh-citrate lyase ligase, citrate lyase ligase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
citrate (si)-synthase<enzyme> An enzyme of the lyase class that catalyses the condensation of oxaloacetate and the acetyl group of coenzyme a to form citrate and coenzyme a. This is the initial reaction in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. ... Chemical name: Citrate oxaloacetate-lyase ((pro-3S)-CH2COO(-)--acetyl-CoA) ... Registry number: EC 4.1.3.7 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
citrate aldolaseSynonym for citrate lyase ... Citrate (pro-3S)-lyase;an enzyme that catalyses the cleavage of citrate to oxaloacetate and acetate, in the absence of coenzyme A. ... Synonym: citrase, citratase, citrate aldolase, citridesmolase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
citrate cleavage enzymeATP citrate (pro-3S)-lyase ...
citrate intoxicationA toxic condition that may develop during massive replacement therapy with transfused blood that contains citrate as an anticoagulant; the citrate combines with calcium ions and may result in tetany. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
citrate lyaseCitrate (pro-3S)-lyase;an enzyme that catalyses the cleavage of citrate to oxaloacetate and acetate, in the absence of coenzyme A. ... Synonym: citrase, citratase, citrate aldolase, citridesmolase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
citrate permease<chemical> From lactococcus lactis ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
citrate synthaseCitrate (si)-synthase;an enzyme catalyzing the condensation of oxaloacetate, water, and acetyl-CoA, forming citrate and coenzyme A; an important step in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. ... Synonym: citrogenase, condensing enzyme, oxaloacetate transacetase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
citratedContaining a citrate; specifically denoting blood serum or milk to which has been added a solution of potassium or sodium citrate, or both. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
