Santalin San"ta·lin noun [ Confer French santaline .] (Chemistry) Santalic acid. See Santalic .

Santalum San"ta·lum noun [ New Latin See Sandalwood .] (Botany) A genus of trees with entire opposite leaves and small apetalous flowers. There are less than a dozen species, occurring from India to Australia and the Pacific Islands. See Sandalwood .

Santees San`tees" noun plural ; sing. Santee (Ethnol.) One of the seven confederated tribes of Indians belonging to the Sioux, or Dakotas.

Santer San"ter intransitive verb See Saunter .

Santon San"ton noun [ Spanish santon , augmented from santo holy, Latin sanctus .] A Turkish saint; a kind of dervish, regarded by the people as a saint: also, a hermit.

Santonate San"to·nate noun (Chemistry) A salt of santonic acid.

Santonic San·ton"ic adjective (Chemistry) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid (distinct from santoninic acid) obtained from santonin as a white crystalline substance.

Santonin San"to·nin noun [ Latin herba santonica , a kind of plant, from Santoni a people of Aquitania; confer Greek ...: confer French santonine .] (Chemistry) A white crystalline substance having a bitter taste, extracted from the buds of levant wormseed and used as an anthelmintic. It occassions a peculiar temporary color blindness, causing objects to appear as if seen through a yellow glass.

Santoninate San"to·nin`ate noun (Chemistry) A salt of santoninic acid.

Santoninic San`to·nin"ic adjective (Chemistry) Of or pertaining to santonin; -- used specifically to designate an acid not known in the free state, but obtained in its salts.

Sao Sa"o noun (Zoology) Any marine annelid of the genus Hyalinæcia , especially H. tubicola of Europe, which inhabits a transparent movable tube resembling a quill in color and texture.

Sap Sap noun [ Anglo-Saxon sæp ; akin to Old High German saf , German saft , Icelandic safi ; of uncertain origin; possibly akin to Latin sapere to taste, to be wise, sapa must or new wine boiled thick. Confer Sapid , Sapient .] 1. The juice of plants of any kind, especially the ascending and descending juices or circulating fluid essential to nutrition.

» The ascending is the crude sap, the assimilation of which takes place in the leaves, when it becomes the elaborated sap suited to the growth of the plant.

2. The sapwood, or alburnum, of a tree.

3. A simpleton; a saphead; a milksop. [ Slang]

Sap ball (Botany) , any large fungus of the genus Polyporus. See Polyporus . -- Sap green , a dull light green pigment prepared from the juice of the ripe berries of the Rhamnus catharticus , or buckthorn. It is used especially by water-color artists. -- Sap rot , the dry rot. See under Dry . -- Sap sucker (Zoology) , any one of several species of small American woodpeckers of the genus Sphyrapicus , especially the yellow-bellied woodpecker ( S. varius ) of the Eastern United States. They are so named because they puncture the bark of trees and feed upon the sap. The name is loosely applied to other woodpeckers. -- Sap tube (Botany) , a vessel that conveys sap.

Sap Sap transitive verb [ imperfect & past participle Sapped ; present participle & verbal noun Sapping .] [ French saper (cf. Spanish zapar , Italian zapare ), from sape a sort of scythe, Late Latin sappa a sort of mattock.] 1. To subvert by digging or wearing away; to mine; to undermine; to destroy the foundation of.

Nor safe their dwellings were, for sapped by floods,
Their houses fell upon their household gods.

Dryden.

2. (Mil.) To pierce with saps.

3. To make unstable or infirm; to unsettle; to weaken.

Ring out the grief that saps the mind.

Tennyson.

Sap Sap intransitive verb To proceed by mining, or by secretly undermining; to execute saps. W. P. Craighill.

Both assaults are carried on by sapping .

Tatler.

Sap Sap noun (Mil.) A narrow ditch or trench made from the foremost parallel toward the glacis or covert way of a besieged place by digging under cover of gabions, etc.

Sap fagot (Mil.) , a fascine about three feet long, used in sapping, to close the crevices between the gabions before the parapet is made. -- Sap roller (Mil.) , a large gabion, six or seven feet long, filled with fascines, which the sapper sometimes rolls along before him for protection from the fire of an enemy.

Sapadillo Sap`a·dil"lo noun See Sapodila .

Sapajo Sap"a·jo noun (Zoology) The sapajou.

Sapajou Sap"a·jou noun [ French sapajou , sajou , Braz. sajuassu .] (Zoology) Any one of several species of South American monkeys of the genus Cebus , having long and prehensile tails. Some of the species are called also capuchins . The bonnet sapajou ( C. subcristatus ), the golden-handed sapajou ( C. chrysopus ), and the white-throated sapajou ( C. hypoleucus ) are well known species. See Capuchin .

Sapan wood Sa·pan" wood [ Malay sapang .] (Botany) A dyewood yielded by Cæsalpinia Sappan , a thorny leguminous tree of Southern Asia and the neighboring islands. It is the original Brazil wood. [ Written also sappan wood .]

Sapful Sap"ful adjective Abounding in sap; sappy.

Saphead Sap"head` noun A weak-minded, stupid fellow; a milksop. [ Low]

Saphenous Sa·phe"nous adjective [ Greek ... manifest.] (Anat.) (a) Manifest; -- applied to the two principal superficial veins of the lower limb of man. (b) Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the saphenous veins; as, the saphenous nerves; the saphenous opening, an opening in the broad fascia of the thigh through which the internal saphenous vein passes.

Sapid Sap"id adjective [ Latin sapidus , from sapere to taste: confer French sapide . See Sapient , Savor .] Having the power of affecting the organs of taste; possessing savor, or flavor.

Camels, to make the water sapid , do raise the mud with their feet.

Sir T. Browne.

Sapidity Sa·pid"i·ty noun [ Confer French sapidité .] The quality or state of being sapid; taste; savor; savoriness.

Whether one kind of sapidity is more effective than another.

M. S. Lamson.

Sapidness Sap"id·ness noun Quality of being sapid; sapidity.

When the Israelites fancied the sapidness and relish of the fleshpots, they longed to taste and to return.

Jer. Taylor.

Sapience Sa"pi·ence noun [ Latin sapientia : confer French sapience . See Sapient ..] The quality of being sapient; wisdom; sageness; knowledge. Cowper.

Woman, if I might sit beside your feet,
And glean your scattered sapience .

Tennyson.

Sapient Sa"pi·ent adjective [ Latin sapiens , -entis , present participle of sapere to taste, to have sense, to know. See Sage , adjective ] Wise; sage; discerning; -- often in irony or contempt.

Where the sapient king
Held dalliance with his fair Egyptian spouse.

Milton.

Syn. -- Sage; sagacious; knowing; wise; discerning.

Sapiential Sa`pi·en"tial adjective [ Latin sapientialis .] Having or affording wisdom. -- Sa`pi*en"tial*ly , adverb

The sapiential books of the Old [ Testament].

Jer. Taylor.

Sapientious Sa`pi·en"tious adjective Sapiential. [ Obsolete]

Sapientize Sa"pi·ent·ize transitive verb To make sapient. [ R.] Coleridge.

Sapiently Sa"pi·ent·ly adverb In a sapient manner.

Sapindaceous Sap`in·da"ceous adjective (Botany) Of or pertaining to an order of trees and shrubs ( Sapindaceæ ), including the (typical) genus Sapindus, the maples, the margosa, and about seventy other genera.

Sapindus Sa·pin"dus noun [ New Latin , from Latin sapo soap + Indicus Indian.] (Botany) A genus of tropical and subtropical trees with pinnate leaves and panicled flowers. The fruits of some species are used instead of soap, and their round black seeds are made into necklaces.

Sapless Sap"less adjective 1. Destitute of sap; not juicy.

2. Fig.: Dry; old; husky; withered; spiritless. "A somewhat sapless womanhood." Lowell.

Now sapless on the verge of death he stands.

Dryden.

sapling sap"ling noun A young tree. Shak.

Sapodilla Sap`o·dil"la noun [ Spanish zapote , sapotillo , zapotillo , Mexican cochit-zapotl . Confer Sapota .] (Botany) A tall, evergeen, tropical American tree ( Achras Sapota ); also, its edible fruit, the sapodilla plum. [ Written also sapadillo , sappadillo , sappodilla , and zapotilla .]

Sapodilla plum (Botany) , the fruit of Achras Sapota . It is about the size of an ordinary quince, having a rough, brittle, dull brown rind, the flesh being of a dirty yellowish white color, very soft, and deliciously sweet. Called also naseberry . It is eatable only when it begins to be spotted, and is much used in desserts.

Sapogenin Sa·pog"e·nin noun [ Sapo nin + -gen + -in .] (Chemistry) A white crystalline substance obtained by the decomposition of saponin.

Saponaceous Sap`o·na"ceous adjective [ Latin sapo , -onis , soap, of Teutonic origin, and akin to English soap . See Soap .] Resembling soap; having the qualities of soap; soapy.

» Saponaceous bodies are compounds of an acid and a base, and are in reality a kind of salt.

Saponacity Sap`o·nac"i·ty noun The quality or state of being saponaceous.

Saponary Sap"o·na·ry adjective Saponaceous. Boyle.

Saponifiable Sa·pon·i·fi`a·ble adjective Capable of conversion into soap; as, a saponifiable substance.

Saponification Sa·pon`i·fi·ca"tion noun [ Confer French saponification . See Saponify .] The act, process, or result, of soap making; conversion into soap; specifically (Chemistry) , the decomposition of fats and other ethereal salts by alkalies; as, the saponification of ethyl acetate.

Saponifier Sa·pon"i·fi`er noun (Chemistry) That which saponifies; any reagent used to cause saponification.

Saponify Sa·pon"i·fy transitive verb [ imperfect & past participle Saponified ; present participle & verbal noun Saponifying .] [ Latin sapo , -onis , soap + -fy : confer French saponifier .] To convert into soap, as tallow or any fat; hence (Chemistry) , to subject to any similar process, as that which ethereal salts undergo in decomposition; as, to saponify ethyl acetate.

Saponin Sap"o·nin noun [ Latin sapo , - onis soap: confer French saponine .] (Chemistry) A poisonous glucoside found in many plants, as in the root of soapwort ( Saponaria ), in the bark of soap bark ( Quillaia ), etc. It is extracted as a white amorphous powder, which occasions a soapy lather in solution, and produces a local anæsthesia. Formerly called also struthiin , quillaiin , senegin , polygalic acid , etc. By extension, any one of a group of related bodies of which saponin proper is the type.

Saponite Sap"o·nite noun [ Swedish saponit , from Latin sapo , -onis , soap.] (Min.) A hydrous silicate of magnesia and alumina. It occurs in soft, soapy, amorphous masses, filling veins in serpentine and cavities in trap rock.

Saponul Sap"o·nul noun [ French saponule , from Latin sapo , -onis , soap.] (Old Chem.) A soapy mixture obtained by treating an essential oil with an alkali; hence, any similar compound of an essential oil. [ Written also saponule .] [ Obsolete]

Sapor Sa"por noun [ Latin See Savor .] Power of affecting the organs of taste; savor; flavor; taste.

There is some sapor in all aliments.

Sir T. Browne.

Saporific Sap`o·rif"ic adjective [ Latin sapor taste + facere to make.] Having the power to produce the sensation of taste; producing taste, flavor, or relish.

Saporosity Sap`o·ros"i·ty noun The quality of a body by which it excites the sensation of taste.

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