Redundance Re·dun"dance (r?*d?n"d a ns), Re*dun"dan*cy (-d a n*s?) noun [ Latin redundantia : confer French redondance .]

1. The quality or state of being redundant; superfluity; superabundance; excess.

2. That which is redundant or in excess; anything superfluous or superabundant.

Labor . . . throws off redundacies .

Addison.

3. (Law) Surplusage inserted in a pleading which may be rejected by the court without impairing the validity of what remains.

Redundant Re·dun"dant (-d a nt) adjective [ Latin redundans , -antis , present participle of redundare : confer French redondant . See Redound .] 1. Exceeding what is natural or necessary; superabundant; exuberant; as, a redundant quantity of bile or food.

Notwithstanding the redundant oil in fishes, they do not increase fat so much as flesh.

Arbuthnot.

2. Using more worrds or images than are necessary or useful; pleonastic.

Where an suthor is redundant , mark those paragraphs to be retrenched.

I. Watts.

Syn. -- Superfluous; superabundant; excessive; exuberant; overflowing; plentiful; copious.

Redundantly Re·dun"dant·ly adverb In a refundant manner.

Reduplicate Re·du"pli·cate adjective [ Prefix re- + duplicate : confer Latin reduplicatus . Confer Redouble .] 1. Double; doubled; reduplicative; repeated.

2. (Botany) Valvate with the margins curved outwardly; -- said of the ...stivation of certain flowers.

Reduplicate Re·du"pli·cate transitive verb [ Confer Late Latin reduplicare .]

1. To redouble; to multiply; to repeat.

2. (Gram.) To repeat the first letter or letters of (a word). See Reduplication , 3.

Reduplication Re·du`pli·ca"tion noun [ Confer French réduplication , Latin reduplicatio repetition.] 1. The act of doubling, or the state of being doubled.

2. (Pros.) A figure in which the first word of a verse is the same as the last word of the preceding verse.

3. (Philol.) The doubling of a stem or syllable (more or less modified), with the effect of changing the time expressed, intensifying the meaning, or making the word more imitative; also, the syllable thus added; as, Latin te tuli; po posci.

Reduplicative Re·du"pli·ca·tive adjective [ Confer French réduplicatif .] Double; formed by reduplication; reduplicate. I. Watts.

Reduvid Red"u·vid noun [ Latin reduvia a hangnail.] (Zoology) Any hemipterous insect of the genus Redivius , or family Reduvidæ . They live by sucking the blood of other insects, and some species also attack man.

Redweed Red"weed` (rĕd"wēd`) noun (Botany) The red poppy ( Papaver Rhœas ). Dr. Prior.

Redwing Red"wing` noun (Zoology) A European thrush ( Turdus iliacus ). Its under wing coverts are orange red. Called also redwinged thrush . (b) A North American passerine bird ( Agelarius phœniceus ) of the family Icteridæ . The male is black, with a conspicuous patch of bright red, bordered with orange, on each wing. Called also redwinged blackbird , red-winged troupial , marsh blackbird , and swamp blackbird .

Redwithe Red"withe` noun (Botany) A west Indian climbing shrub ( Combretum Jacquini ) with slender reddish branchlets.

Redwood Red"wood` (-wod`) noun (Botany) (a) A gigantic coniferous tree ( Sequoia sempervirens ) of California, and its light and durable reddish timber. See Sequoia . (b) An East Indian dyewood, obtained from Pterocarpus santalinus , Cæsalpinia Sappan , and several other trees.

» The redwood of Andaman is Pterocarpus dalbergioides ; that of some parts of tropical America, several species of Erythoxylum ; that of Brazil, the species of Humirium .

Ree Ree (rē) noun [ Portuguese real , plural reis . See Real the money.] See Rei .

Ree Ree transitive verb [ Confer Prov. German räden , raden , raiten . Confer Riddle a sieve.] To riddle; to sift; to separate or throw off. [ Obsolete or Prov. Eng.] Mortimer.

Reebok Ree"bok` noun [ Dutch, literally, roebuck.] (Zoology) The peele. [ Written also rehboc and rheeboc .]

Reëcho Re·ëch"o (rē*ĕk"o) transitive verb To echo back; to reverberate again; as, the hills reëcho the roar of cannon.

Reëcho Re·ëch"o intransitive verb To give echoes; to return back, or be reverberated, as an echo; to resound; to be resonant.

And a loud groan reëchoes from the main.

Pope.

Reëcho Re·ëch"o noun The echo of an echo; a repeated or second echo.

Reechy Reech"y (rēch"ȳ) adjective [ See Reeky .] Smoky; reeky; hence, begrimed with dirt. [ Obsolete]

Reed Reed (rēd) adjective Red. [ Obsolete] Chaucer.

Reed Reed v. & noun Same as Rede . [ Obsolete] Chaucer.

Reed Reed noun The fourth stomach of a ruminant; rennet. [ Prov. Eng. or Scot.]

Reed Reed noun [ Anglo-Saxon hreód ; akin to Dutch riet , German riet , ried , Old High German kriot , riot .] 1. (Botany) A name given to many tall and coarse grasses or grasslike plants, and their slender, often jointed, stems, such as the various kinds of bamboo, and especially the common reed of Europe and North America ( Phragmites communis ).

2. A musical instrument made of the hollow joint of some plant; a rustic or pastoral pipe.

Arcadian pipe, the pastoral reed
Of Hermes.

Milton.

3. An arrow, as made of a reed. Prior.

4. Straw prepared for thatching a roof. [ Prov. Eng.]

5. (Mus.) (a) A small piece of cane or wood attached to the mouthpiece of certain instruments, and set in vibration by the breath. In the clarinet it is a single fiat reed; in the oboe and bassoon it is double, forming a compressed tube. (b) One of the thin pieces of metal, the vibration of which produce the tones of a melodeon, accordeon, harmonium, or seraphine; also attached to certain sets or registers of pipes in an organ.

6. (Weaving) A frame having parallel flat stripe of metal or reed, between which the warp threads pass, set in the swinging lathe or batten of a loom for beating up the weft; a sley. See Batten .

7. (Mining) A tube containing the train of powder for igniting the charge in blasting.

8. (Architecture) Same as Reeding .

Egyptian reed (Botany) , the papyrus. -- Free reed (Mus.) , a reed whose edges do not overlap the wind passage, -- used in the harmonium, concertina, etc. It is distinguished from the beating or striking reed of the organ and clarinet. -- Meadow reed grass (Botany) , the Glyceria aquatica , a tall grass found in wet places. -- Reed babbler . See Reedbird . -- Reed bunting (Zoology) A European sparrow ( Emberiza schœniclus ) which frequents marshy places; -- called also reed sparrow , ring bunting . (b) Reedling. -- Reed canary grass (Botany) , a tall wild grass ( Phalaris arundinacea ). -- Reed grass . (Botany) (a) The common reed . See Reed , 1. (b) A plant of the genus Sparganium ; bur reed. See under Bur . -- Reed organ (Mus.) , an organ in which the wind acts on a set of free reeds, as the harmonium, melodeon, concertina, etc. -- Reed pipe (Mus.) , a pipe of an organ furnished with a reed. -- Reed sparrow . (Zoology) See Reed bunting , above. -- Reed stop (Mus.) , a set of pipes in an organ furnished with reeds. -- Reed warbler . (Zoology) (a) A small European warbler ( Acrocephalus streperus ); -- called also reed wren . (b) Any one of several species of Indian and Australian warblers of the genera Acrocephalus , Calamoherpe , and Arundinax . They are excellent singers. -- Sea-sand reed (Botany) , a kind of coarse grass ( Ammophila arundinacea ). See Beach grass , under Beach . -- Wood reed grass (Botany) , a tall, elegant grass ( Cinna arundinacea ), common in moist woods.

Reed-mace Reed"-mace` noun (Botany) The cat-tail.

Reedbird Reed"bird` noun (Zoology) (a) The bobolink. (b) One of several small Asiatic singing birds of the genera Schœnicola and Eurycercus ; -- called also reed babbler . Reed"buck" (-b?k`) noun (Zoology) See Rietboc .

Reeded Reed"ed adjective 1. Civered with reeds; reedy. Tusser.

2. Formed with channels and ridges like reeds.

Reeden Reed"en adjective Consisting of a reed or reeds.

Through reeden pipes convey the golden flood.

Dryden.

Reëdification Re·ëd`i·fi·ca"tion noun [ Confer French réédification . See Reëdify .] The act reëdifying; the state of being reëdified.

Reëdify Re·ëd"i·fy transitive verb [ Prefix re- + edify : confer French réédifier , Latin reaedificare .] To edify anew; to build again after destruction. [ R.] Milton.

Reeding Reed"ing noun [ From 4th Reed .] 1. (Architecture) A small convex molding; a reed (see Illust. (i) of Molding ); one of several set close together to decorate a surface; also, decoration by means of reedings; -- the reverse of fluting .

» Several reedings are often placed together, parallel to each other, either projecting from, or inserted into, the adjining surface. The decoration so produced is then called, in general, reeding .

2. The nurling on the edge of a coin; -- commonly called milling .

Reedless Reed"less adjective Destitute of reeds; as, reedless banks.

Reedling Reed"ling noun (Zoology) The European bearded titmouse ( Panurus biarmicus ); -- called also reed bunting , bearded pinnock , and lesser butcher bird .

» It is orange brown, marked with black, white, and yellow on the wings. The male has a tuft of black feathers on each side of the face.

Reedwork Reed"work` noun (Mus.) A collective name for the reed stops of an organ.

Reedy Reed"y adjective 1. Abounding with reeds; covered with reeds. "A reedy pool." Thomson .

2. Having the quality of reed in tone, that is, ............... and thin^ as some voices.

Reef Reef noun [ Akin to Dutch rif , German riff , Icelandic rif , Danish rev ; confer Icelandic rifa rift, rent, fissure, rifa to rive, bear. Confer Rift , Rive .] 1. A chain or range of rocks lying at or near the surface of the water. See Coral reefs , under Coral .

2. (Mining.) A large vein of auriferous quartz; -- so called in Australia. Hence, any body of rock yielding valuable ore.

Reef builder (Zoology) , any stony coral which contributes material to the formation of coral reefs. -- Reef heron (Zoology) , any heron of the genus Demigretta ; as, the blue reef heron ( D. jugularis ) of Australia.

Reef Reef noun [ Akin to Dutch reef , German reff , Swedish ref ; confer Icelandic rif reef, rifa to basten together. Confer Reeve , transitive verb , River .] (Nautical) That part of a sail which is taken in or let out by means of the reef points, in order to adapt the size of the sail to the force of the wind.

» From the head to the first reef-band, in square sails, is termed the first reef ; from this to the next is the second reef ; and so on. In fore-and-aft sails, which reef on the foot, the first reef is the lowest part. Totten.

Close reef , the last reef that can be put in. -- Reef band . See Reef-band in the Vocabulary. -- Reef knot , the knot which is used in tying reef pointss. See Illust. under Knot . -- Reef line , a small rope formerly used to reef the courses by being passed spirally round the yard and through the holes of the reef. Totten. -- Reef points , pieces of small rope passing through the eyelet holes of a reef-band, and used reefing the sail. -- Reef tackle , a tackle by which the reef cringles, or rings, of a sail are hauled up to the yard for reefing. Totten. -- To take a reef in , to reduce the size of (a sail) by folding or rolling up a reef, and lashing it to the spar.

Reef Reef transitive verb [ imperfect & past participle Reefed (rēft); present participle & verbal noun Reefing .] (Nautical) To reduce the extent of (as a sail) by roiling or folding a certain portion of it and making it fast to the yard or spar. Totten.

To reef the paddles , to move the floats of a paddle wheel toward its center so that they will not dip so deeply.

Reef-band Reef"-band` noun (Nautical) A piece of canvas sewed across a sail to strengthen it in the part where the eyelet holes for reefing are made. Totten.

Reefer Reef"er noun 1. (Nautical) One who reefs; -- a name often given to midshipmen. Marryat.

2. A close-fitting lacket or short coat of thick cloth.

Reefing Reef"ing noun (Nautical) The process of taking in a reef.

Reefing bowsprit , a bowsprit so rigged that it can easily be run in or shortened by sliding inboard, as in cutters.

Reefy Reef"y adjective Full of reefs or rocks.

Reek Reek (rēk) noun A rick. [ Obsolete] B. Jonson.

Reek Reek noun [ Anglo-Saxon r&emc;c ; akin to OFries. rēk , LG. & Dutch rook , German rauch , Old High German rouh , Dan. rög, Swedish rök , Icelandic reykr , and to Anglo-Saxon reócan to reek, smoke, Icelandic rjūka , German riechen to smell.] Vapor; steam; smoke; fume.

As hateful to me as the reek of a limekiln.

Shak.

Reek Reek intransitive verb [ imperfect & past participle Reeked (rēkt); present participle & verbal noun Reeking .] [ As. rēcan . See Reek vapor.] To emit vapor, usually that which is warm and moist; to be full of fumes; to steam; to smoke; to exhale.

Few chimneys reeking you shall espy.

Spenser.

I found me laid
In balmy sweat, which with his beams the sun
Soon dried, and on the reeking moisture fed.

Milton.

The coffee rooms reeked with tobacco.

Macaulay.

Reeky Reek"y adjective [ From 2d Reek ; confer Reechy .] 1. Soiled with smoke or steam; smoky; foul. Shak.

2. Emitting reek. " Reeky fen." Sir W. Scott.

Reel Reel noun [ Gael. righil .] A lively dance of the Highlanders of Scotland; also, the music to the dance; -- often called Scotch reel .

Virginia reel , the common name throughout the United States for the old English "country dance," or contradance ( contredanse ). Bartlett.

Reel Reel noun [ Anglo-Saxon kre...l : confer Icelandic kr...ll a weaver's reed or sley.] 1. A frame with radial arms, or a kind of spool, turning on an axis, on which yarn, threads, lines, or the like, are wound; as, a log reel , used by seamen; an angler's reel ; a garden reel .

2. A machine on which yarn is wound and measured into lays and hanks, -- for cotton or linen it is fifty-four inches in circuit; for worsted, thirty inches. McElrath.

3. (Agriculture) A device consisting of radial arms with horizontal stats, connected with a harvesting machine, for holding the stalks of grain in position to be cut by the knives.

Reel oven , a baker's oven in which bread pans hang suspended from the arms of a kind of reel revolving on a horizontal axis. Knight.

Reel Reel transitive verb [ imperfect & past participle Reeled (r?ld); present participle & verbal noun Reeling . ] 1. To roll. [ Obsolete]

And Sisyphus an huge round stone did reel .

Spenser.

2. To wind upon a reel, as yarn or thread.

Reel Reel intransitive verb [ Confer Swedish ragla . See 2d Reel .] 1. To incline, in walking, from one side to the other; to stagger.

They reel to and fro, and stagger like a drunken man.

Ps. cvii. 27.

He, with heavy fumes oppressed,
Reeled from the palace, and retired to rest.

Pope.

The wagons reeling under the yellow sheaves.

Macaulay.

2. To have a whirling sensation; to be giddy.

In these lengthened vigils his brain often reeled .

Hawthorne.

Reel Reel noun The act or motion of reeling or staggering; as, a drunken reel . Shak.

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