Webster's Dictionary, 1913

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Cartesianism noun The philosophy of Descartes.

Carthaginian adjective Of a pertaining to ancient Carthage, a city of northern Africa. -- noun A native or inhabitant of Carthage.

Carthamin noun (Chemistry) A red coloring matter obtained from the safflower, or Carthamus tinctorius .

Carthusian noun [ Late Latin Cartusianus , Cartusiensis , from the town of Chartreuse , in France.] (Eccl. Hist.) A member of an exceeding austere religious order, founded at Chartreuse in France by St. Bruno, in the year 1086.

Carthusian adjective Pertaining to the Carthusian.

Cartilage noun [ Latin cartilago ; confer French cartilage .] (Anat.) A translucent, elastic tissue; gristle.

» Cartilage contains no vessels, and consists of a homogeneous, intercellular matrix, in which there are numerous minute cavities, or capsules, containing protoplasmic cells, the cartilage corpuscul. See Illust under Duplication .

Articular cartilage , cartilage that lines the joints. -- Cartilage bone (Anat.) , any bone formed by the ossification of cartilage. -- Costal cartilage , cartilage joining a rib with he sternum. See Illust. of Thorax .

Cartilagineous adjective [ Latin cartilageneus .] See Cartilaginous . Ray.

Cartilaginification noun [ Latin cartilago , -laginis , cartilage + facere to make.] The act or process of forming cartilage. Wright.

Cartilaginous adjective [ Latin cartilaginosus : confer French cartilagineux .]
1. Of or pertaining to cartilage; gristly; firm and tough like cartilage.

2. (Zoology) Having the skeleton in the state of cartilage, the bones containing little or no calcareous matter; said of certain fishes, as the sturgeon and the sharks.

Cartist noun [ Spanish cartista , from carta paper, document (cf. Portuguese carta ). See Charta ; confer Chartist .] In Spain and Portugal, one who supports the constitution.

Cartman noun ; plural Cartmen One who drives or uses a cart; a teamster; a carter.

Cartogram noun [ French cartogramme .] A map showing geographically, by shades or curves, statistics of various kinds; a statistical map.

Cartographer noun One who makes charts or maps.

Cartographic, Cartographical adjective Of or pertaining to cartography.

Cartographically adverb By cartography.

Cartography noun [ Confer French cartographie . See Card , and -graphy .] The art or business of forming charts or maps.

Cartomancy noun [ Confer French cartomancie . See Card , and -mancy .] The art of telling fortunes with cards.

Carton (kär"tŏn) noun [ French See Cartoon .] Pasteboard for paper boxes; also, a pasteboard box.

Cartoon noun [ French carton (cf. Italian cartone pasteboard, cartoon); from Latin charta . See 1st card .]


1. A design or study drawn of the full size, to serve as a model for transferring or copying; -- used in the making of mosaics, tapestries, fresco pantings and the like; as, the cartoons of Raphael.

2. A large pictorial sketch, as in a journal or magazine; esp. a pictorial caricature; as, the cartoons of "Puck."

Cartoonist noun One skilled in drawing cartoons.

Cartouch noun ; plural Cartouches . [ French cartouche , Italian cartuccia , cartoccio , cornet, cartouch, from Latin charta paper. See 1st Card , and confer Cartridge .]


1. (Mil.) (a) A roll or case of paper, etc., holding a charge for a firearm; a cartridge . (b) A cartridge box. (c) A wooden case filled with balls, to be shot from a cannon. (d) A gunner's bag for ammunition . (e) A military pass for a soldier on furlough.

2. (Architecture) (a) A cantalever, console, corbel, or modillion, which has the form of a scroll of paper . (b) A tablet for ornament, or for receiving an inscription, formed like a sheet of paper with the edges rolled up; hence, any tablet of ornamental form.

3. (Egyptian Antiq.) An oval figure on monuments, and in papyri, containing the name of a sovereign.

Cartridge (kär"trĭj) noun [ Formerly cartrage , corrupted from French cartouche . See Cartouch .] (Mil.) A complete charge for a firearm, contained in, or held together by, a case, capsule, or shell of metal, pasteboard, or other material.

Ball cartridge , a cartridge containing a projectile. -- Blank cartridge , a cartridge without a projectile. -- Center-fire cartridge , a cartridge in which the fulminate occupies an axial position usually in the center of the base of the capsule, instead of being contained in its rim. In the Prussian needle gun the fulminate is applied to the middle of the base of the bullet. -- Rim-fire cartridge , a cartridge in which the fulminate is contained in a rim surrounding its base. -- Cartridge bag , a bag of woolen cloth, to hold a charge for a cannon. -- Cartridge belt , a belt having pockets for cartridges. -- Cartridge box , a case, usually of leather, attached to a belt or strap, for holding cartridges. -- Cartridge paper . (a) A thick stout paper for inclosing cartridges. (b) A rough tinted paper used for covering walls, and also for making drawings upon.

Cartulary noun ; plural Cartularies . [ Late Latin cartularium , chartularium , from Latin charta paper: confer French cartulaire . See 1st Card .]


1. A register, or record, as of a monastery or church.

2. An ecclesiastical officer who had charge of records or other public papers.

Cartway noun A way or road for carts.

Cartwright noun [ Cart + wright .] An artificer who makes carts; a cart maker.

Carucage noun [ Late Latin carrucagium (OF. charuage .), from Late Latin carruca plow, from Latin carruca coach.]


1. (Old Eng. Law.) A tax on every plow or plowland.

2. The act of plowing. [ R.]

Carucate noun [ Late Latin carucata , carrucata . See Carucage .] A plowland; as much land as one team can plow in a year and a day; -- by some said to be about 100 acres. Burrill.

Caruncle Ca*run"cu*la noun [ Latin caruncula a little piece of flesh, dim. of caro flesh.]
1. (Anat.) A small fleshy prominence or excrescence; especially the small, reddish body, the caruncula lacrymalis , in the inner angle of the eye.

2. (Botany) An excrescence or appendage surrounding or near the hilum of a seed.

3. (Zoology) A naked, flesh appendage, on the head of a bird, as the wattles of a turkey, etc.

Caruncular, Carunculous adjective Of, pertaining to, or like, a caruncle; furnished with caruncles.

Carunculate, Carunculated adjective Having a caruncle or caruncles; caruncular.

Carus (kā"rŭs) noun [ New Latin , from Greek ka`ros .] (Medicine) Coma with complete insensibility; deep lethargy.

Carvacrol (kär"vȧ*krōl) noun (Chemistry) A thick oily liquid, C 10 H 13 .OH, of a strong taste and disagreeable odor, obtained from oil of caraway ( Carum carui ).

Carve (kärv) transitive verb [ imperfect & past participle Carved (kärvd); present participle & verbal noun Carving .] [ Anglo-Saxon ceorfan to cut, carve; akin to Dutch kerven , German kerben , Danish karve , Swedish karfva , and to Greek gra`fein to write, orig. to scratch, and English - graphy . Confer Graphic .]
1. To cut. [ Obsolete]

Or they will carven the shepherd's throat.
Spenser.

2. To cut, as wood, stone, or other material, in an artistic or decorative manner; to sculpture; to engrave.

Carved with figures strange and sweet.
Coleridge.

3. To make or shape by cutting, sculpturing, or engraving; to form; as, to carve a name on a tree.

An angel carved in stone.
Tennyson.

We carved not a line, and we raised not a stone.
C. Wolfe.

4. To cut into small pieces or slices, as meat at table; to divide for distribution or apportionment; to apportion. "To carve a capon." Shak.

5. To cut: to hew; to mark as if by cutting.

My good blade carved the casques of men.
Tennyson.

A million wrinkles carved his skin.
Tennyson.

6. To take or make, as by cutting; to provide.

Who could easily have carved themselves their own food.
South.

7. To lay out; to contrive; to design; to plan.

Lie ten nights awake carving the fashion of a new doublet.
Shak.

To carve out , to make or get by cutting, or as if by cutting; to cut out. "[ Macbeth] with his brandished steel . . . carved out his passage." Shak.

Fortunes were carved out of the property of the crown.
Macaulay.

Carve intransitive verb
1. To exercise the trade of a sculptor or carver; to engrave or cut figures.

2. To cut up meat; as, to carve for all the guests.

Carve noun A carucate. [ Obsolete] Burrill.

Carvel noun [ Contr. from caravel .]
1. Same as Caravel .

2. A species of jellyfish; sea blubber. Sir T. Herbert.

Carvelbuilt adjective (Shipbuilding) Having the planks meet flush at the seams, instead of lapping as in a clinker-built vessel.

Carven adjective Wrought by carving; ornamented by carvings; carved. [ Poetic]

A carven bowl well wrought of beechen tree.
Bp. Hall.

The carven cedarn doors.
Tennyson.

A screen of carven ivory.
Mrs. Browning.

Carvene noun [ French carvi caraway.] An oily substance, C 10 H 16 , extracted from oil caraway.

Carver noun
1. One who carves; one who shapes or fashions by carving, or as by carving; esp. one who carves decorative forms, architectural adornments, etc. "The carver's chisel." Dodsley.

The carver of his fortunes.
Sharp (Richardson's Dict. )

2. One who carves or divides meat at table.

3. A large knife for carving.

Carving noun
1. The act or art of one who carves.

2. A piece of decorative work cut in stone, wood, or other material. " Carving in wood." Sir W. Temple.

3. The whole body of decorative sculpture of any kind or epoch, or in any material; as, the Italian carving of the 15th century.

Carvist noun [ A corruption of carry fist .] (Falconary) A hawk which is of proper age and training to be carried on the hand; a hawk in its first year. Booth.

Carvol noun (Chemistry) One of a species of aromatic oils, resembling carvacrol.

Caryatic, Caryatid adjective Of or pertaining to a caryatid.

Caryatid noun ; plural Caryatids . [ See Caryatides .] (Architecture) A draped female figure supporting an entablature, in the place of a column or pilaster.

Caryatides noun plural [ Latin , from Greek ... priestesses in the temple of Diana (the Greek Artemis) at Caryæ (Gr. ...), a village in Laconia; as an architectural term, caryatids.] (Arch) Caryatids.

» Corresponding male figures were called Atlantes , Telamones , and Persians .

Caryophyllaceous adjective [ Greek ... clove tree; ... nut + ... leaf.] (Botany) (a) Having corollas of five petals with long claws inclosed in a tubular, calyx, as the pink . (b) Belonging to the family of which the pink and the carnation are the types.

Caryophyllin noun (Chemistry) A tasteless and odorless crystalline substance, extracted from cloves, polymeric with common camphor.

Caryophyllous adjective Caryophyllaceous.

Caryopsis noun ; plural Caryopses . [ New Latin , from gr. ... hut, kernel + ... sight, form.] (Botany) A one-celled, dry, indehiscent fruit, with a thin membranous pericarp, adhering closely to the seed, so that fruit and seed are incorporated in one body, forming a single grain, as of wheat, barley, etc.