Callosity Cal·los"i·ty noun ;
plural Callosities . [ Latin
callasitas ; confer French
calosté .]
A hard or thickened spot or protuberance; a hardening and thickening of the skin or bark of a part, eps. as a result of continued pressure or friction.
Callosum Cal·lo"sum noun [ New Latin , from
callosus callous, hard.]
(Anat.) The great band commissural fibers which unites the two cerebral hemispheres. See corpus callosum , under Carpus .
Callot Cal"lot noun A plant coif or skullcap. Same as Calotte . B. Jonson.
Callous Cal"lous adjective [ Latin
callosus callous hard, from
callum ,
callus , callous skin: confer French
calleux .]
1. Hardened; indurated. "A
callous hand."
Goldsmith. "A
callous ulcer."
Dunglison. 2. Hardened in mind; insensible; unfeeling; unsusceptible. "The
callous diplomatist."
Macaulay. It is an immense blessing to be perfectly callous to ridicule.
T. Arnold.
Syn. -- Obdurate; hard; hardened; indurated; insensible; unfeeling; unsusceptible. See
Obdurate . --
Cal"lous*ly ,
adverb --
Cal"lous*ness ,
noun A callousness and numbness of soul.
Bentley.
Callow Cal"low adjective [ Middle English
calewe ,
calu , bald, Anglo-Saxon
calu ; akin to Dutch
kaal , Old High German
chalo , German
Kuhl ; confer Latin
calvus .]
1. Destitute of feathers; naked; unfledged. An in the leafy summit, spied a nest,
Which, o'er the callow young, a sparrow pressed.
Dryden.
2. Immature; boyish; "green"; as, a callow youth. I perceive by this, thou art but a callow maid.
Old Play [ 1675].
Callow Cal·low" noun (Zoology) [ Named from its note.]
A kind of duck. See Old squaw .
Callus Cal"lus (kăl"lŭs)
noun [ Latin See
Callous .]
1. (Medicine) (a) Same as Callosity .
(b The material of repair in fractures of bone; a substance exuded at the site of fracture, which is at first soft or cartilaginous in consistence, but is ultimately converted into true bone and unites the fragments into a single piece. 2. (Hort.) The new formation over the end of a cutting, before it puts out rootlets.
Calm Calm (käm)
noun [ Middle English
calme , French
calme , from Italian or Spanish
calma (cf. Portuguese
calma heat), probably from Late Latin
cauma heat, from Greek
kay^ma burning heat, from
kai`ein to burn; either because during a great heat there is generally also a calm, or because the hot time of the day obliges us seek for shade and quiet; confer
Caustic ]
Freedom from motion, agitation, or disturbance; a cessation or absence of that which causes motion or disturbance, as of winds or waves; tranquility; stillness; quiet; serenity. The wind ceased, and there was a great calm .
Mark. iv. 39.
A calm before a storm is commonly a peace of a man's own making.
South.
Calm Calm intransitive verb [
imperfect & past participle Calmed ;
present participle & verbal noun Calming .] [ Confer French
calmer . See
Calm ,
noun ]
1. To make calm; to render still or quiet, as elements; as, to calm the winds. To calm the tempest raised by Eolus.
Dryden.
2. To deliver from agitation or excitement; to still or soothe, as the mind or passions. Passions which seem somewhat calmed .
Atterbury.
Syn. -- To still; quiet; appease; allay; pacify; tranquilize; soothe; compose; assuage; check; restrain.
Calm Calm (käm)
adjective [
Compar. Calmer (-ẽr);
super. Calmest (-ĕst)]
1. Not stormy; without motion, as of winds or waves; still; quiet; serene; undisturbed. "
Calm was the day."
Spenser. Now all is calm , and fresh, and still.
Bryant.
2. Undisturbed by passion or emotion; not agitated or excited; tranquil; quiet in act or speech. "
Calm and sinless peace."
Milton. "With
calm attention."
Pope. Such calm old age as conscience pure
And self-commanding hearts ensure.
Keble.
Syn. -- Still; quiet; undisturbed; tranquil; peaceful; serene; composed; unruffled; sedate; collected; placid.
Calmer Calm"er noun One who, or that which, makes calm.
Calmly Calm"ly adverb In a calm manner. The gentle stream which calmly flows.
Denham.
Calmness Calm"ness noun The state of quality of being calm; quietness; tranquillity; self- repose. The gentle calmness of the flood.
Denham.
Hes calmness was the repose of conscious power.
E. Everett.
Syn. -- Quietness; quietude; stillness; tranquillity; serenity; repose; composure; sedateness; placidity.
Calmucks Cal"mucks noun plural ;
sing. Calmuck .
A branch of the Mongolian race inhabiting parts of the Russian and Chinese empires; also ( sing. ), the language of the Calmucks. [ Written also
Kalmucks .]
Calmy Calm"y adjective [ Fr.
Calm ,
noun ]
Tranquil; peaceful; calm. [ Poet.] "A still and
calmy day"
Spenser.
Calomel Cal"o·mel (kăl"o*mĕl)
noun [ Greek
kalo`s beautiful +
me`las black. So called from its being white, though made from a black mixture of mercury and corrosive sublimate. Confer French
calomélas .]
(Chemistry) Mild chloride of mercury, Hg 2 Cl 2 , a heavy, white or yellowish white substance, insoluble and tasteless, much used in medicine as a mercurial and purgative; mercurous chloride. It occurs native as the mineral horn quicksilver.
Calorescence Cal`o·res"cence noun [ Latin
calor heat.]
(Physics) The conversion of obscure radiant heat into light; the transmutation of rays of heat into others of higher refrangibility. Tyndall.
Caloric Ca·lor"ic noun [ Latin
calor heat; confer French
calorique .]
(Physics) The principle of heat, or the agent to which the phenomena of heat and combustion were formerly ascribed; -- not now used in scientific nomenclature, but sometimes used as a general term for heat. Caloric expands all bodies.
Henry.
Caloric Ca·lor"ic adjective Of or pertaining to caloric. Caloric engine ,
a kind of engine operated by heated air.
Caloricity Cal`o·ric"ity noun (Physiol.) A faculty in animals of developing and preserving the heat necessary to life, that is, the animal heat.
Caloriduct Ca·lor"i·duct noun [ Latin
calor heat (fr.
calere to warm) + English
duct .]
A tube or duct for conducting heat; a caliduct.
Calorie Cal"o·rie noun [ French, from Latin
calor heat.]
(Physics) The unit of heat according to the French standard; the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one kilogram (sometimes, one gram) of water one degree centigrade, or from 0° to 1°. Compare the English standard unit, Foot pound .
Calorifacient Ca·lor`i·fa"cient adjective (Physiol.) See Calorificient .
Calorifere Ca·lor"i·fere noun [ French
calorifère , from Latin
calor heat +
ferre to bear.]
An apparatus for conveying and distributing heat, especially by means of hot water circulating in tubes.
Calorifiant Ca·lor`i·fi"ant adjective (Physiol.) See Calorificient .
Calorific Cal`o·rif"ic adjective [ Latin
calorificus ;
calor heat +
facere to make; confer French
calorifique .]
Possessing the quality of producing heat; heating. Calorific rays ,
the invisible, heating rays which emanate from the sun, and from burning and heated bodies.
Calorification Ca·lor`i·fi·ca"tion (kȧ*lŏr`ĭ*fĭ*kā"shŭn)
noun [ Confer French
calorification .]
Production of heat, esp. animal heat.
Calorificient Ca·lor`i·fi"cient adjective (Physiol.) Having, or relating to the power of producing heat; -- applied to foods which, being rich in carbon, as the fats, are supposed to give rise to heat in the animal body by oxidation.
Calorimeter Cal`o·rim"e·ter noun [ Latin
calor heat +
-meter ; confer French
calorimètre .]
1. (Physiol.) An apparatus for measuring the amount of heat contained in bodies or developed by some mechanical or chemical process, as friction, chemical combination, combustion, etc. 2. (Engineering) An apparatus for measuring the proportion of unevaporated water contained in steam.
Calorimetric Ca·lor`i·met"ric adjective Of or pertaining to the process of using the calorimeter. Satisfactory calorimetric results.
Nichol.
Calorimetry Cal`o·rim"e·try noun (Physics) Measurement of the quantities of heat in bodies.
Calorimotor Ca·lor`i·mo"tor noun [ Latin
calor heat + English
motor .]
(Physics) A voltaic battery, having a large surface of plate, and producing powerful heating effects.
Calorisator Ca·lor"i·sa`tor noun [ New Latin , heater, from Latin
calor heat.]
An apparatus used in beet-sugar factories to heat the juice in order to aid the diffusion.
Calotte, Callot Ca·lotte", Cal"lot noun [ French
calotte , dim. of
cale a sort of flat cap. Confer
Caul .]
A close cap without visor or brim. Especially:
(a) Such a cap, worn by English serjeants at law. (b) Such a cap, worn by the French cavalry under their helmets. (c) Such a cap, worn by the clergy of the Roman Catholic Church. To assume the calotte ,
to become a priest.
Calotype Cal"o·type noun [ Greek
kalo`s beautiful +
ty`pos type.]
(Photog.) A method of taking photographic pictures, on paper sensitized with iodide of silver; -- also called Talbotype , from the inventor, Mr. Fox. Talbot .
Caloyer Ca·loy"er noun [ French, from NGr. ........................... a monk;
kalo`s beautiful, good + ..............., equiv. to Greek ............... an old man.]
A monk of the Greek Church; a cenobite, anchoret, or recluse of the rule of St. Basil, especially, one on or near Mt. Athos.
Calque Calque transitive verb See 2d Calk , transitive verb
Caltrop, Caltrap Cal"trop, Cal"trap noun [ Middle English
calketrappe ,
calletrappe , caltor (in both senses), from Anglo-Saxon
collræppe ,
calcetreppe , sort of thistle; confer French
chaussetrape star thistle, trap, Italian
calcatreppo ,
calcatreppolo , star thistle. Perh. from Latin
calx heel + the same word as English
trap . See 1st
Trap .]
1. (Botany) A genus of herbaceous plants ( Tribulus ) of the order Zygophylleæ , having a hard several- celled fruit, armed with stout spines, and resembling the military instrument of the same name. The species grow in warm countries, and are often very annoying to cattle. 2. (Mil.) An instrument with four iron points, so disposed that, any three of them being on the ground, the other projects upward. They are scattered on the ground where an enemy's cavalry are to pass, to impede their progress by endangering the horses' feet.
Calumba Ca·lum"ba noun [ from
kalumb , its native name in Mozambique.]
(Medicine) The root of a plant ( Jateorrhiza Calumba , and probably Cocculus palmatus ), indigenous in Mozambique. It has an unpleasantly bitter taste, and is used as a tonic and antiseptic. [ Written also
colombo ,
columbo , and
calombo .]
American calumba ,
the Frasera Carolinensis , also called American gentian . Its root has been used in medicine as bitter tonic in place of calumba .
Calumbin Ca·lum"bin noun (Chemistry) A bitter principle extracted as a white crystalline substance from the calumba root. [ Written also
colombin , and
columbin ]
Calumet Cal"u·met noun [ French
calumet , from Latin
calamus reed. See
Halm , and confer
Shawm .]
A kind of pipe, used by the North American Indians for smoking tobacco. The bowl is usually made of soft red stone, and the tube is a long reed often ornamented with feathers. Smoked the calumet , the Peace pipe,
As a signal to the nations.
Lowgfellow.
» The
calumet is used as a symbol of peace. To accept the calumet is to agree to terms of peace, and to refuse it is to reject them. The calumet of peace is used to seal or ratify contracts and alliances, and as an evidence to strangers that they are welcome.
Calumniate Ca·lum"ni·ate intransitive verb [
imperfect & past participle Calumniated ;
present participle & verbal noun calumniating .] [ Latin
calumniatus , past participle of
calumniari . See
Calumny , and confer
Challenge ,
transitive verb ]
To accuse falsely and maliciously of a crime or offense, or of something disreputable; to slander; to libel. Hatred unto the truth did always falsely report and calumniate all godly men's doings.
Strype.
Syn . --
To asperse; slander; defame; vilify; traduce; belie; bespatter; blacken; libel. See Asperse .
Calumniate Ca·lum"ni·ate intransitive verb To propagate evil reports with a design to injure the reputation of another; to make purposely false charges of some offense or crime.
Calumniation Ca·lum`ni·a"tion (kȧ*lŭm`nĭ*ā"shŭn)
noun False accusation of crime or offense, or a malicious and false representation of the words or actions of another, with a view to injure his good name. The calumniation of her principal counselors.
Bacon.
Calumniator Ca·lum`ni·a"tor noun [ Latin ]
One who calumniates. Syn. -- Slanderer; defamer; libeler; traducer.
Calumniatory Ca·lum"ni·a·to·ry adjective Containing calumny; slanderous. Montagu.
Calumnious Ca·lum"ni·ous adjective [ Latin
calumniosus .]
Containing or implying calumny; false, malicious, and injurious to reputation; slanderous; as, calumnious reports. Virtue itself 'scapes not calumnious strokes.
Shak.
. Slanderous; defamatory; scurrilous; opprobrious; derogatory; libelous; abusive. --
Ca*lum"ni*ous*ly ,
adverb --
Ca*lum"ni*ous*ness ,
noun
Calumny Cal"um·ny noun ;
plural Calumnies . [ Latin
calumnia , from
calvi to devise tricks, deceive; confer French
calomnie . Confer
Challenge ,
noun ]
False accusation of a crime or offense, maliciously made or reported, to the injury of another; malicious misrepresentation; slander; detraction. "Infamous
calumnies ."
Motley. Be thou as chaste as ice, as pure as snow, thou shalt not escape calumny .
Shak.
Calvaria Cal·va"ri·a (kăl*vā"rĭ*ȧ)
noun [ Latin See
Calvary .]
(Anat.) The bones of the cranium; more especially, the bones of the domelike upper portion.
Calvary Cal"va·ry (kăl"vȧ*rȳ)
noun [ Latin
calvaria a bare skull, from
calva the scalp without hair. from
calvus bald; confer French
calvaire .]
1. The place where Christ was crucified, on a small hill outside of Jerusalem. Luke xxiii. 33. » The Latin
calvaria is a translation of the Greek
krani`on of the Evangelists, which is an interpretation of the Hebrew
Golgotha .
Dr. W. Smith. 2. A representation of the crucifixion, consisting of three crosses with the figures of Christ and the thieves, often as large as life, and sometimes surrounded by figures of other personages who were present at the crucifixion. 3. (Her.) A cross, set upon three steps; -- more properly called cross calvary .
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