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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

keratoepithelioplasty
A surgical procedure for the repair of persistent corneal epithelial defects. All the corneal epithelium is removed from the recipient cornea, and small pieces of donor cornea, with epithelium attached, are placed at the corneoscleral limbus. The donor corneal eplithelium grows and spreads out to cover the recipient cornea. ... Origin: kerato-+ epit …

keratogenesis
Production or origin of horny cells or tissue. ... Origin: kerato-+ G. Genesis, production ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratogenetic
Relating to keratogenesis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratogenous
Causing a growth of cells that produce keratin and result in the formation of horny tissue, such as fingernails, scales, feathers, etc. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratogenous membrane
Synonym for nail bed ... The area of the corium on which the nail rests; it is extremely sensitive and presents numerous longitudinal ridges on its surface. According to some anatomists, the nail bed is the portion covered by the body of the nail, the nail matrix being only the part on which the root of the nail rests. ... Synonym: matrix unguis, ker …

keratoglobus
Congenital anomaly consisting of an enlarged anterior segment of the eye. ... Synonym: anterior megalophthalmos, megalocornea. ... Origin: kerato-+ L. Globus, ball ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratoglossus
Synonym for chondroglossus muscle ... <anatomy> Muscular fibres from lesser horn of hyoid bone occasionally separated from the hyoglossus, but usually forming part of it. ... Synonym: musculus chondroglossus, ceratoglossus, keratoglossus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratography
A record or portrayal of the cornea. ... See: photokeratoscope, videokeratoscope. ... Origin: kerato-+ G. Grapho, to write ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratohyal
Synonym for ceratohyal ... Relating to one of the cornua of the hyoid bone. ... Synonym: keratohyal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratohyalin
The substance in the large basophilic granules of the stratum granulosum of the epidermis. ... Origin: kerato-+ hyalin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratohyalin granule
Granules found in living cells of keratinising epithelia and which contribute to the keratin content of the dead cornified cells. Some, but not all, contain sulphur rich keratin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

keratohyalin granules
Irregularly shaped basophilic granule's in the cells of the stratum granulosum of the epidermis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratoid
Synonym: horny. ... 2. Resembling corneal tissue. ... Origin: kerato-+ G. Eidos, resemblance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratoid exanthema
A symptom occurring in the secondary stage of yaws: patches of fine, light coloured, furfuraceous desquamation, scattered irregularly over limbs and trunk. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratokinase
<enzyme> Released by in vitro cultures of cornea similar in action to urokinase ... Pharmacological action: plasminogen activators ... Registry number: EC 3.4.99.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

keratoleptynsis
Synonym: gutter dystrophy of cornea. ... 2. An operation for removing the surface of the cornea and replacement by bulbar conjunctiva for cosmetic reasons. ... Origin: kerato-+ G. Leptynsis, a making thin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratoleukoma
A white corneal opacity. ... Origin: kerato-+ G. Leukos, white, + -oma, growth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratolysis
1. Separation or loosening of the horny layer of the epidermis. ... 2. Specifically, a disease characterised by a shedding of the epidermis recurring at more or less regular intervals. ... Synonym: deciduous skin. ... Origin: kerato-+ G. Lysis, loosening ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratolysis exfoliativa
Familial continual skin peeling characterised by a separation of stratum corneum in leaflike flakes occurring everywhere except on the palms and soles; the cause is unknown. ... Synonym: erythema exfoliativa, erythroderma exfoliativa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratolysis plantare sulcatum
Synonym for pitted keratolysis ... Noninflammatory Gram-positive bacterial infection of the plantar surfaces producing small depressions in the stratum corneum, associated frequently with humidity and hyperhidrosis. ... Synonym: keratolysis plantare sulcatum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratolytic
An agent that promotes keratolysis. ... Origin: Gr. Lysis = dissolution ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

keratolytic agents
Agents that soften, separate, and cause desquamation of the cornified epithelium or horny layer of skin. They are used to expose mycelia of infecting fungi or to treat corns, warts, and certain other skin diseases. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

keratoma
A callus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

keratoma disseminatum
Synonym for punctate keratoderma ... Horny papules over the palms, soles, and digits that develop central plugs; seen commonly in blacks. ... Synonym: keratoma disseminatum, keratosis punctata. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratoma hereditarium mutilans
Synonym for mutilating keratoderma ... Diffuse keratoderma of the extremities, with the development during childhood of constricting fibrous bands around the middle phalanx of the fingers or toes which may lead to spontaneous amputation; autosomal dominant inheritance. ... Synonym: keratoma hereditarium mutilans, Vohwinkel syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000)< …

keratoma malignum
Synonym for congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma ... A genodermatosis characterised by diffuse chronic erythema and scale formation which may be separated into bullous and nonbullous forms. ... Synonym: ichthyosiform erythroderma, ichthyosis spinosa, keratoma malignum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratoma plantare sulcatum
Synonym for palmoplantar keratoderma ... The occurrence of symmetrical diffuse or patchy areas of hypertrophy of the horny layer of the epidermis on the palms and soles; a group of ectodermal dysplasias of considerable variety, and either autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance. ... Synonym: ichthyosis palmaris et plantaris, keratoderma palmaris …

keratomalacia
Dryness with ulceration and perforation of the cornea, with absence of inflammatory reactions, occurring in cachectic children; results from severe vitamin A deficiency. ... Synonym: xerotic keratitis. ... Origin: kerato-+ G. Malakia, softness ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratometer
An instrument for measuring the curvature of the anterior corneal surface. ... Synonym: ophthalmometer. ... Origin: kerato-+ G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratometry
Measurement of the radii of corneal curvature. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratomileusis
Surgical alteration of refractive error by changing the shape of a deep layer of the cornea: the anterior lamella is peeled back, frozen, and recarved on its back surface on a lathe; or, some of the corneal stroma can be removed from the bed with a laser or a knife. ... Origin: coinage, prob. Fr. G. Keras (kerat-), horn, cornea, + smileusis, carving …

keratomycosis
Fungal infection of the cornea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratonosis
Any abnormal noninflammatory, usually hypertrophic, affection of the horny layer of the skin. ... Origin: kerato-+ G. -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratopachyderma
A syndrome of congenital deafness with development of hyperkeratosis of the skin of the palms, soles, elbows, and knees in childhood, and with bandlike constrictions of the fingers. ... Origin: kerato-+ G. Pachys, thick, + derma, skin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratopathy
Any corneal disease, damage, dysfunction, or abnormality. ... Origin: kerato-+ G. Pathos, suffering, disease ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratophakia
Implantation of a donor cornea or plastic lens within the corneal stroma to modify refractive error. ... Synonym: keratophakic keratoplasty. ... Origin: kerato-+ G. Phakos, lens ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratophakic keratoplasty
Synonym for keratophakia ... Implantation of a donor cornea or plastic lens within the corneal stroma to modify refractive error. ... Synonym: keratophakic keratoplasty. ... Origin: kerato-+ G. Phakos, lens ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratoplasia
The formation or renewal of a horny layer. ... Origin: kerato-+ G. Plasso; to fashion ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratoplasty
Synonym for corneal transplant ... A surgical procedure to replace a damaged cornea with a healthy one from a donor's eye. Unlike transplantation of most other organs, the cornea tends to have a problem with transplant rejection. Corneal transplants are indicated in cases of severe corneal injury or corneal infection (corneal ulcer) which has left t …

keratoplasty, penetrating
Partial or total replacement of all layers of a central portion of the cornea. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

keratoprosthesis
Replacement of the central area of an opacified cornea by plastic. ... Origin: kerato-+ G. Prosthesis, addition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratorefractive surgery
Synonym for refractive keratoplasty ... Any procedure in which the shape of the cornea is modified, with the intent of changing the refractive error of the eye; for example, if the cornea is flattened, the eye becomes less myopic. ... See: photorefractive keratectomy, keratophakia, lamellar keratoplasty, thermokeratoplasty, keratomileusis, radial ker …

keratorrhexis
Rupture of the cornea, due to trauma or perforating ulcer. ... Origin: kerato-+ G. Rhexis, a bursting ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratorus
Vault-like corneal herniation with severe regular myopic astigmatism. ... Origin: kerat-+ L. Torus, swelling, knot, bulge ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratoscleritis
Inflammation of both cornea and sclera. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratoscope
<instrument> An instrument marked with lines or circles by means of which the corneal reflex can be observed. ... Synonym: Placido da Costa's disk. ... Origin: kerato-+ G. Skopeo, to examine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratoscopy
1. Examination of the reflections from the anterior surface of the cornea in order to determine the character and amount of corneal astigmatism. ... 2. A term first applied by Cuignet to his method of retinoscopy. ... Origin: kerato-+ G. Skopeo, to examine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratoses
<dermatology, oncology> Benign but precancerous lesions of skin associated with ultraviolet irradiation. ... See: keratosis ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

keratosic cones
An obsolete term for horny pointed or rounded elevations on the hands and feet, occasionally observed in cases of gonorrhoeal rheumatism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratosis
<dermatology> A skin lesion that is abnormally sensitive to the effects of ultraviolet light (sunlight). ... Thought to be a precancerous skin lesion that is more common in the fair-skinned or elderly individual. Approximately 20% of these skin lesions will develop into squamous cell carcinoma. Prevention includes the use of sun screen agents …

keratosis blennorrhagica
Pustules and crusts associated with Reiter's syndrome. ... Synonym: keratoderma blennorrhagica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratosis diffusa foetalis
Synonym for ichthyosis vulgaris ... most common form of ichthyosis characterised by prominent scaling especially on the exterior surfaces of the extremities. It is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

keratosis follicularis
A slowly progressive autosomal dominant disorder of keratinization characterised by pinkish-to-tan papules that coalesce to form plaques. These lesions become darker over time and commonly fuse, forming papillomatous and warty malodorous growths. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

keratosis follicularis contagiosa
A rare condition simulating keratosis follicularis. ... Synonym: Brooke's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratosis labialis
Thickening of stratum corneum on the lips. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratosis nigricans
Synonym for acanthosis nigricans ... <radiology> Pre-malignant skin disorder, papillomatosis, pigmentation, hyperkeratosis, multiple filling defects in oesophagus, increased risk of carcinoma in stomach and abdomen ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

keratosis obturans
An accretion of epithelia in the external auditory canal. ... Synonym: laminated epithelial plug. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratosis palmaris et plantaris
Synonym for palmoplantar keratoderma ... The occurrence of symmetrical diffuse or patchy areas of hypertrophy of the horny layer of the epidermis on the palms and soles; a group of ectodermal dysplasias of considerable variety, and either autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance. ... Synonym: ichthyosis palmaris et plantaris, keratoderma palmaris …

keratosis punctata
Synonym for punctate keratoderma ... Horny papules over the palms, soles, and digits that develop central plugs; seen commonly in blacks. ... Synonym: keratoma disseminatum, keratosis punctata. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keratosis rubra figurata
Synonym for erythrokeratoderma variabilis ... A dermatosis characterised by hyperkeratotic plaques of bizarre, geographic configuration, associated with erythrodermic areas that may vary remarkably in size, shape, and position from day to day; onset is usually in the first year of life; autosomal dominant inheritance. ... Synonym: keratosis rubra fig …

keratosis vegetans
Synonym for keratosis follicularis ... A slowly progressive autosomal dominant disorder of keratinization characterised by pinkish-to-tan papules that coalesce to form plaques. These lesions become darker over time and commonly fuse, forming papillomatous and warty malodorous growths. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

keratosis, seborrheic
Benign eccrine poromas that present as multiple oval, brown-to-black plaques, located mostly on the chest and back. The age of onset is usually in the fourth or fifth decade. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

keratosulfate
Synonym for keratan sulfate ... <chemical> A sulfated mucopolysaccharide initially isolated from bovine cornea. at least two types are known. Type I, found mostly in the cornea, contains d-galactose and d-glucosamine-6-o-sulfate as the repeating unit; type II, found in skeletal tissues, contains d-galactose and d-galactosamine-6-o-sulfate as t …

keratotomy
<procedure> A surgical incision (cut) of the cornea. A radial keratotomy is a surgical procedure designed to flatten the cornea and thereby correct myopia (nearsightedness). It is called a radial keratotomy because the incisions resemble the spokes in a bicycle wheel. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

keratotomy, radial
A procedure to treat myopia by cutting radial slits into the cornea to flatten it and thereby change its refractive properties. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

keraunophobia
<psychology> Morbid fear of thunder and lightning. ... Origin: G. Keraunos, thunderbolt, + phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kerckring, Theodor
<person> Dutch anatomist, 1640-1693. ... See: Kerckring's centre, Kerckring's folds, ossicle, Kerckring's valves. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kerckring's centre
An occasional independent ossification centre in the occipital bone; it appears in the posterior margin of the foramen magnum at about the sixteenth week of gestation. ... Synonym: Kerckring's ossicle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kerckring's folds
Synonym for plicae circulares ... The numerous folds of the mucous membrane of the small intestine, running transversely for about two-thirds of the circumference of the gut. ... Synonym: circular folds, Kerckring's folds, Kerckring's valves, valvulae conniventes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kerckring's ossicle
Synonym for Kerckring's centre ... An occasional independent ossification centre in the occipital bone; it appears in the posterior margin of the foramen magnum at about the sixteenth week of gestation. ... Synonym: Kerckring's ossicle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kerckring's valves
Synonym for plicae circulares ... The numerous folds of the mucous membrane of the small intestine, running transversely for about two-thirds of the circumference of the gut. ... Synonym: circular folds, Kerckring's folds, Kerckring's valves, valvulae conniventes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kerion
A granulomatous secondarily infected lesion complicating fungal infection of the hair; typically, a raised boggy lesion. ... Origin: G. Kerion, honeycomb; a skin disease, fr. Keros, beeswax ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kerley A lines
Images of deep interlobular septa; longer, thicker, and more central than Kerley B lines; usually in upper lobes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kerley B lines
Fine peripheral septal lines. ... Synonym: costophrenic septal lines. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kerley C lines
A non-specific fine reticular pattern on chest radiographs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kerley, Peter
<person> English radiologist, *1900. ... See: Kerley B lines. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kerma
<physics> The sum of the initial kinetic energies of all the charged ionising particle liberated by uncharged ionising particles per unit mass of a specified material. ... Kerma is measured in the same unit as absorbed dose. The SI unit of kerma is joule per kilogram and its special name is the gray (Gy). Kerma can be quoted for any specified …

kermes
1. <zoology> The dried bodies of the females of a scale insect (Coccus ilicis), allied to the cochineal insect, and found on several species of oak near the Mediterranean. They are round, about the size of a pea, contain colouring matter analogous to carmine, and are used in dyeing. They were anciently thought to be of a vegetable nature, and …

kern-plasma relation theory
A theory enunciated by Hertwig (1903) that a definite relation as to size normally exists in every cell between the mass of nuclear material and that of the protoplasm. ... Origin: Ger. Kern, kernel, nucleus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kernel
1. The essential part of a seed; all that is within the seed walls; the edible substance contained in the shell of a nut; hence, anything included in a shell, husk, or integument; as, the kernel of a nut. ... 2. A single seed or grain; as, a kernel of corn. ... 3. A small mass around which other matter is concreted; a nucleus; a concretion or hard lu …

kernel blight
<microbiology, plant biology> Any of a group of fungal diseases of barley which cause withering and discolouration of the grain, Gibberella zeae, Helminthosporiumsativum and Alternaria are typically the culprits. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

kernel spot
<microbiology, plant biology> A fungal disease of pecans that causes irregular brown spots on the nuts, it is caused by Coniothyrum caryogenum. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

kernicterus
<paediatrics> Disorder due to jaundice in a newborn baby with high blood levels of the pigment bilirubin that is deposited in the brain resulting in damage. The level of bilirubin is monitored in newborns to determine whether treatment is needed to prevent kernicterus. With brain affected, it is also called bilirubin encephalopathy. ... (12 De …

Kernig, Vladimir
<person> Russian physician, 1840-1917. ... See: Kernig's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kernig's sign
<clinical sign> A physical examination finding that can indicate inflammation of the meninges (meningitis), with the subject lying flat on the back, the thigh is flexed (at right angle to the trunk), at this point complete extension at the knee joint is impossible, due to pain. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

Kernohan, J
<person> U.S. Pathologist, *1897. ... See: Kernohan's notch. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kernohan's notch
A notch in the cerebral peduncle due to displacement of the brainstem against the incisura of the tentorium by a transtentorial herniation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keroid
Synonym: horny. ... Origin: G. Keroeides, horn-like ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kerosene
A refined petroleum fraction used as a fuel as well as a solvent. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

kerosine fungus
<fungus> An asexual fungus (Hormoconisresinae in the family Amorphothecaceae) that is found in the air andsoil which can grow in and block the fuel filters of jet engines. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

kerotherapy
Treatment of burns and denuded surfaces with wax or paraffin preparations. ... Origin: G. Keros, wax, + therapeia, treatment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kerr, Harry Hyland
<person> U.S. Surgeon, 1881-1963. ... See: Parker-Kerr suture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keshan disease
Condition caused by deficiency of the essential mineral selenium. Keshan disease is a potentially fatal form of cardiomyopathy (disease of the heart muscle). It was first observed in keshan province in china and since has been found elsewhere (including new zealand and finland) in areas where the selenium level in the soil is low. ... (12 Dec 1998)< …

Kestenbaum
<person> U.S. Ophthalmologist, 1890-1961. ... See: Kestenbaum's sign, Kestenbaum's number. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kestenbaum's number
The difference between the two pupil diameters when each eye is measured in bright light with the other eye tightly covered; an indicator of the relative afferent pupillary defect in patients with two normally innervated irises. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kestenbaum's sign
<clinical sign> A decrease in the number of arterioles crossing optic disk margins as a sign of optic neuritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kestrel
<zoology> A small, slender European hawk (Falco alaudarius), allied to the sparrow hawk. Its colour is reddish fawn, streaked and spotted with white and black. Also called windhover and stannel. The name is also applied to other allied species. ... This word is often used in contempt, as of a mean kind of hawk. 'Kites and kestrels have a resem …

ketal
RC(OR')(R')OR'';a hydrated ketone in which both hydroxyl groups are esterified with alcohols. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ketal pyruvate transferase
<enzyme> Involves the transfer of the pyruvyl residue from phosphoenolpyruvate to the external mannose of pentasaccharide diphosphate lipid ... Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

ketamine
<chemical> A cyclohexanone derivative used as an intravenous anaesthetic. Ketamine produces a dissociative anaesthesia in which the patient is not asleep but does not respond appropriately to environmental stimuli, including pain. Upon revival, the patient does not remember what occurred under the influence of the drug. Its mechanism of actio …