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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

karyokinesis
<biology> The indirect division of cells in which, prior to division of the cell protoplasm, complicated changes take place in the nucleus, attended with movement of the nuclear fibrils; opposed to karyostenosis. The nucleus becomes enlarged and convoluted, and finally the threads are separated into two groups which ultimately become disconne …

karyology
<study> The scientific study of chromosomes, this usually involves the study of their general shape and banding patterns. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

karyolymph
The presumably fluid substance or gel of the nucleus in which stainable elements were believed to be suspended; much that was formerly considered to be karyolymph is now known to be euchromatin. ... Synonym: nuclear hyaloplasm, nuclear sap, nucleochylema, nucleochyme. ... Origin: karyo-+ L. Lympha, clear water ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

karyolysis
The destruction of a cells nucleus. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

karyolytic
Relating to karyolysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

karyomegaly
The condition of a cells nucleusbeing abnormally enlarged (i.e., for reasons other than it being polyploid). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

karyomere
A vesicle containing only a small part of the typical nucleus, usually following an abnormal mitosis. ... Origin: karyo-+ G. Meros, part ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

karyomicrosome
One of the minute particles or granules making up the substance of the cell nucleus. ... Synonym: nucleomicrosome. ... Origin: karyo-+ G. Mikros, small, + soma, body ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

karyomitome
The nuclear chromatin network. ... Origin: karyo-+ mitosis + -ome ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

karyomorphism
1. Development of the nucleus of a cell. ... 2. Denoting the nuclear shapes of cells, especially leukocytes. ... Origin: karyo-+ G. Morphe, form ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

karyon
Synonym: nucleus. ... Origin: G. Karyon, a nut, kernel ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

karyophage
An intracellular parasite that feeds on the host nucleus. ... Origin: karyo-+ G. Phago, to devour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

karyoplasm
Areas within a nucleus that seem to contain only clear fluid. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

karyoplasmolysis
Synonym for achromatolysis ... Dissolution of the achromatin of a cell or of its nucleus. ... Synonym: karyoplasmolysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

karyoplast
<cell biology> A nucleus isolated from a eukaryotic cell surrounded by a very thin layer of cytoplasm and a plasma membrane. The remainder of the cell is a cytoplast. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

karyoplastin
The achromatic nuclear material that forms the spindle apparatus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

karyopyknosis
Cytologic characteristics of the superficial or cornified cells of stratified squamous epithelium in which there is shrinkage of the nuclei and condensation of the chromatin into structureless masses. ... Origin: karyo-+ G. Pyknos, thick, crowded, + -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

karyopyknotic
Pertaining to or causing karyopyknosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

karyopyknotic index
An index used to monitor the hormonal status of the patient as reflected by exfoliated vaginal cells and their morphology; an expression of the percentage of intermediate and superficial cells from squamous cells of vaginal epithelium which have pyknotic nuclei. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

karyorrhexis
<cell biology> Degeneration of the nucleus of a cell. There is contraction of the chromatin into small pieces, with obliteration of the nuclear boundary. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

karyosome
<cell biology> The central portion of a cells nucleus that typically contains a glob of heterochromatin. ... Origin: Gr. Soma = body ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

karyostasis
Synonym: interphase. ... Origin: karyo-+ G. Stasis, a standing still ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

karyotheca
Synonym: nuclear envelope. ... Origin: karyo-+ G. Theke, box, sheath ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

karyotype
<genetics> The complete set of chromosomes of a cell or organism. Used especially for the display prepared from photographs of mitotic chromosomes arranged in homologous pairs. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

karyotypic abnormality
Abnormality in the number form or structure of chromosomes. Particular abnormalities are associated with particular sub- types of leukaemia. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

karyotyping
Producing a karyotype for a cell or a cell line. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

karyotyping, flow
Use of flow cytometry to analyze and/or separate chromosomes on the basis of their DNA content. Flow cytometry detects the light- absorbing or fluorescing properties of chromosomes passing in a narrow stream through a laser beam and with automated sorting devices can sort successive droplets of the stream into different fractions depending on the f …

karyozoic
Denoting a parasite inhabiting the cell nucleus of its host. ... Origin: karyo-+ G. Zoon, animal ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kasabach
Haig H., U.S. Physician, 1898-1943. ... See: Kasabach-Merritt syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kasabach-merritt syndrome
<syndrome> Thrombocytopenia caused by sequestration and destruction of platelets in a large cavernous haemangioma, usually seen in infants, rare in adults ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

kasai
A form of anaemia occurring in natives of Zaire (formerly the Belgian Congo), with associated oedema of subcutaneous tissues, depigmented regions in the skin, and various gastrointestinal disturbances; thought to result from deficiencies in nutrition. ... Synonym: Belgian Congo anaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kasai operation
Synonym for portoenterostomy ... <procedure> An operation for biliary atresia in which a Roux-en-Y loop of jejunum is anastomosed to the hepatic end of the divided extravascular portal structures, including rudimentary bile ducts. ... Synonym: Kasai operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kasai, Morio
<person> 20th century Japanese surgeon. ... See: Kasai operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kashin-Bek disease
A form of generalised osteoarthrosis limited to areas of Asia, including the Urov river; believed to result from ingestion of wheat infected with the fungus Fusarium sporotrichiella. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kashin, Nikolai
<person> Russian orthopedist, 1825-1872. ... See: Kashin-Bek disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kassinin
<chemical> Dodecapeptide tachykinin found in the central nervous system of the amphibian kassina senegalensis. It is similar in structure and action to other tachykinins, but is especially effective in contracting smooth muscle tissue and stimulating the micturition reflex. ... Chemical name: Kassinin ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Kasten, Frederick
<person> U.S. Histochemist and cell biologist, *1927. ... See: Kasten's fluorescent Schiff reagents, Kasten's fluorescent Feulgen stain, Kasten's fluorescent PAS stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kasten's fluorescent Feulgen stain
<technique> A fluorescent modification of the Feulgen stain, utilizing any one of a variety of fluorescent basic dyes to which SO2 is added; the brilliant fluorescence makes this method unusually sensitive and adaptable to cytofluorometric quantification of DNA. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kasten's fluorescent PAS stain
<technique> A fluorescent modification of the periodic acid Schiff stain for polysaccharides which uses one of Kasten's fluorescent Schiff reagents. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kasugamycin
An aminoglycoside antibioticused against bacteria andsome fungi, it isunusual because it is bacteriostatic (inhibits bacterial growth andreproduction) rather than bacteriocidal. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

kata-
Alternative spelling for cata-; down. ... Origin: G. Kata, down ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

katal
Unit of catalytic activity equal to one mole of product formed (or substrate consumed) per second, as of the amount of enzyme that catalyses transformation of one mole of substrate per second. ... Abbreviation: kat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

katathermometer
An alcohol-filled thermometer of specified design that is heated above ambient temperature and then allowed to cool; the time taken to cool between specified temperatures is a measure of the heat content of the environment that takes into account air movement as well as temperature. The bulb may be silvered to minimise radiation effects or blackene …

Katayama
Kunika, Japanese physician, 1856-1931. ... See: Katayama's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Katayama disease
Acute early egg-laying phase of schistosomiasis, a toxaemic syndrome in heavy primary infections, rarely seen in chronic cases. It is considered a form of immune complex disease or serum sickness-like condition. Described for schistosomiasis japonica, but observed with other forms as well. ... Synonym: Katayama fever. ... Origin: town in Japan where …

Katayama fever
Synonym for Katayama disease ... Acute early egg-laying phase of schistosomiasis, a toxaemic syndrome in heavy primary infections, rarely seen in chronic cases. It is considered a form of immune complex disease or serum sickness-like condition. Described for schistosomiasis japonica, but observed with other forms as well. ... Synonym: Katayama fever. …

Katayama syndrome
Synonym for schistosomiasis japonica ... Schistosomiasis caused by schistosoma japonicum. It is endemic in the far east and affects the bowel, liver, and spleen. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Katayama's test
A qualitative colourimetric test for the presence of carboxyhemoglobin in the blood. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kathode
An obsolete spelling of cathode. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kation
An obsolete spelling of cation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

katsuwokinase
<enzyme> Fibrinolytic enzyme from skipjack shiokara, a japanese traditional fermented food; stable in 10% nacl; n-terminal has 80% homology to trypsin ... Registry number: EC 3.4.99.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

katydid
<zoology> A large, green, arboreal, orthopterous insect (Cyrtophyllus concavus) of the family Locustidae, common in the United States. The males have stridulating organs at the bases of the front wings. During the summer and autumn, in the evening, the males make a peculiar, loud, shrill sound, resembling the combination Katy-did, whence the …

Katz
Sir Bernard, German-British neurophysiologist and Nobel laureate, *1911. ... See: Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kaurene synthetase
<enzyme> Catalyses conversion of all-trans-geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate to trans-copalyl pyrophosphate to kaurene ... Registry number: EC 2.5.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

Kawasaki
Tomisaku, 20th century Japanese paediatrician. ... See: Kawasaki's disease, Kawasaki's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kawasaki disease
<infectious disease> An acute febrile illness in children first described in Japan in the late 1960's. Referred to as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome because of typical changes in the mucus membranes that line the lips and mouth. Enlarged and tender lymph glands are also seen. ... Synonym: mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome. ... (27 Sep 1997)< …

kawasaki's disease
A syndrome of unknown origin, mainly affecting young children, causing fever, reddening of the eyes (conjunctivitis), lips and mucous membranes of the mouth, ulcerative gum disease (gingivitis), swollen glands in the neck (cervical lymphadenopathy), and a rash that is raised and bright red (maculoerythematous) in a glove-and-sock fashion over the s …

Kawasaki's syndrome
Synonym for mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome ... <syndrome> An acute febrile illness in children first described in Japan in the late 1960's. Referred to as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome because of typical changes in the mucus membranes that line the lips and mouth. Enlarged and tender lymph glands are also seen. ... Synonym:: Kawasaki dis …

Kay
Herbert D., British biochemist, *1893. ... See: Jenner-Kay unit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kayser
Bernhard, German physician, 1869-1954. ... See: Kayser-Fleischer ring. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kayser-Fleischer ring
A greenish yellow pigmented ring encircling the cornea just within the corneoscleral margin, seen in hepatolenticular degeneration, due to copper deposited in Descemet's membrane. ... Synonym: Fleischer-Strumpell ring. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kazal proteins
<molecular biology> Family of serine protease inhibitors. Includes seminal acrosin inhibitors, pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI), Bdellin B 3 from leech. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Kazanjian
Varaztad H., Armenian otorhinolaryngologist in the U.S., 1879-1974. ... See: Kazanjian's operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kazanjian's operation
Surgical extension of the vestibular sulcus of edentulous ridges to increase their height and to improve denture retention. ... See: ridge extension. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kb
Synonym for kilobase ... <molecular biology, unit> Unit of length for DNA fragments equal to 1000 nucleotides. ... Abbreviation: kb ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

kB-cells
A cell line derived from a human carcinoma of the nasopharynx, used as an assay for antineoplastic agent. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

kc
<abbreviation> Kilocycle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kcal
<abbreviation> Kilogram calorie; kilocalorie. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kcat
The overall catalytic rate of an enzyme; symbol for turnover number; Vmax divided by the total enzyme concentration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kd
<abbreviation, chemistry> An equilibrium constant for dissociation. ... (14 Mar 2000) ...

KDO beta-octulofuranoside hydrolase
<enzyme> Cleaves beta-ketoside linkage in 3-deoxy-d-manno-2-octulosonic acid-containing capsular polysaccharides ... Registry number: EC 3.2.1.- ... Synonym: glycan kdpf hydrolase, glycan kdof hydrolase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

KDRF oxidoreductase
<enzyme> Kdrf - km-102-derived reductase-like factor; has homology with glutathione reductase; genbank d88687 ... Registry number: EC 1.6.4.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

Kearns
Thomas P., U.S. Ophthalmologist, *1922. ... See: Kearns-Sayre syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kearns syndrome
<syndrome> A triad of progressive external ophthalmoplegia, cardiomyopathy, and retinitis pigmentosa. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Kearns-Sayre syndrome
<syndrome> A form of chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia with associated cardiac conduction defects, short stature, and hearing loss; a sporadically ocurring mitochondrial myopathy presenting in childhood. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Keating-Hart
Walter V., French physician, 1870-1922. ... See: Keating-Hart's method. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Keating-Hart's method
Fulguration in the treatment of external cancer or of the field of operation after the removal of a malignant growth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ked
Synonym for Melophagus ovinus ... A wingless, flattened, hairy, leathery parasitic fly found in the wool of sheep and on goats; it is widespread in sheep, in which it sucks blood and causes much skin irritation. ... Synonym: ked. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kedani fever
Synonym for tsutsugamushi disease ... See Typhus, scrub. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

keel
<botany> A ridge like the keel of a boat, in particular, a boat-shaped structure formed by fusion of the two anterior petals of a flower. ... (19 Jan 1998) ...

keeled
<botany> Of leaves or bracts, folded and ridged along the midrib. ... (19 Jan 1998) ...

keeled chest
Synonym for pectus carinatum ... Pigeon-breasted. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Keen
William W., U.S. Surgeon, 1837-1932. ... See: Keen's operation, Keen's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Keen's operation
Removal of sections of the posterior branches of the spinal nerves to the affected muscles, and of the spinal accessory nerve, as a cure for torticollis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Keen's sign
<clinical sign> Increased width at the malleoli in Pott's fracture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keep
1. The act or office of keeping; custody; guard; care; heed; charge. 'Pan, thou god of shepherds all, Which of our tender lambkins takest keep.' (Spenser) ... 2. The state of being kept; hence, the resulting condition; case; as, to be in good keep. ... 3. The means or provisions by which one is kept; maintenance; support; as, the keep of a horse. 'Gr …

keeper
1. One who, or that which, keeps; one who, or that which, holds or has possession of anything. ... 2. One who retains in custody; one who has the care of a prison and the charge of prisoners. ... 3. One who has the care, custody, or superintendence of anything; as, the keeper of a park, a pound, of sheep, of a gate, etc.; the keeper of attached prope …

keeping
1. A holding; restraint; custody; guard; charge; care; preservation. 'His happiness is in his own keeping.' (South) ... 2. Maintenance; support; provision; feed; as, the cattle have good keeping. 'The work of many hands, which earns my keeping.' (Milton) ... 3. Conformity; congruity; harmony; consistency; as, these subjects are in keeping with each o …

Kegel
A.H., 20th century U.S. Gynecologist. ... See: Kegel's exercises. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kegel's exercises
Alternate contraction and relaxation of perineal muscles for treatment of urinary stress incontinence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kehr, Hans
<person> German surgeon. ... Lived: 1862-1916. ... See: Kehr's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kehr's sign
<clinical sign> Violent pain in the left shoulder in a case of rupture of the spleen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

keirospasm
Synonym: shaving cramp. ... Origin: G. Keiro, to shear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Keith and Flack node
Synonym for sinuatrial node ... sinoatrial node ...

Keith, Sir Arthur
<person> Scottish anatomist. ... Lived: 1866-1955. ... See: Keith's bundle, Keith's node, Keith and Flack node. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Keith's bundle
Synonym for atrioventricular bundle ... The bundle of modified cardiac muscle fibres that begins at the atrioventricular node as the trunk of the atrioventricular bundle and passes through the right atrioventricular fibrous ring to the membranous part of the interventricular septum where the trunk divides into two branches, the right crus of the atr …

Keith's node
Synonym for sinuatrial node ... sinoatrial node ...

kelectome
An instrument used, like the harpoon, to remove a specimen of tumour substance for examination. ... Origin: G. Kele, tumour, + ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kell
<haematology> Blood group system. The K antigen is relatively uncommon (9%) but after the Rhesus antigens is the next most likely cause of haemolytic disease of the newborn. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Kell blood group
<haematology, immunology> Blood type classification based on a group of erythrocyte antigens that is characterised by an antibody called anti-K. ... Multiple erythrocytic antigens that comprise at least three pairs of alternates and amorphs, determined by one complex gene or possibly several genes at closely linked loci. The system is importan …