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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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kidney stoneSynonym for nephrolithiasis ... <nephrology, urology> The presence of calculi in the kidney or collecting system. ... The calculi are usually small (2-12mm) solid, crystalline, concretions that develop in the kidney and eventually pass through the genitourinary tract. Stones may be composed of calcium, phosphate or uric acid. ... (27 Sep 1997)
kidney transplantation
The transference of a kidney from one human or animal to another. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
kidney tubular necrosis, acute
Acute kidney failure resulting from destruction of tubular epithelial cells. It is commonly attributed to exposure to toxic agents or renal ischemia following severe trauma. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
kidney tubules, collecting
Straight tubes commencing in the radiate part of the kidney cortex where they receive the curved ends of the distal convoluted tubules. In the medulla the collecting tubules of each pyramid converge to join a central tube (duct of bellini) which opens on the summit of the papilla. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
kidney tumour
<oncology> A benign or cancerous growth originating from kidney tissue (for example renal cell carcinoma, hypernephroma). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
kidney-shaped
Having the form or shape of a kidney; reniform; as, a kidney-shaped leaf. ... (01 Mar 1998) ...
kidney, artificial
Device(s) which can substitute for normally functioning kidneys in cleansing the blood. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
kidney, cystic
A kidney containing one or more cysts, including polycystic disease (kidney, polycystic), solitary cyst, multiple simple cysts, and retention cysts (associated with parenchymal scarring). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
kidney, polycystic
Kidney whose tissue is displaced by a large number of tightly packed cysts so that cystic volume predominates over the solid parts to a considerable degree. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
kidney, sponge
Cystic disease of the medullary portion of the renal pyramids; asymptomatic unless complicated by infection, calculi, or obstruction; should be distinguished from congenital polycystic disease of the kidneys. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Kiel classification
Classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma into low-grade malignancy (lymphocytic, lymphoplasmacytoid, centrocytic, and centroblastic-centrocytic types) and high-grade malignancy (centroblastic, lymphoblastic of Burkitt's or convoluted cell, and immunoblastic types). ... Synonym: Lennert classification. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Kien, Alphonse
<person> 19th century German physician. ... See: Kussmaul-Kien respiration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kienbock disease
<radiology> Lunate avascular necrosis ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Kienbock, Robert
<person> Austrian roentgenologist, 1871-1953. ... See: Kienbock's atrophy, Kienbock's disease, Kienbock's dislocation, Kienbock's unit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Kienbock's atrophy
Acute atrophy of bone in an extremity following inflammation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Kienbock's disease
Osteolysis of the lunate bone following trauma to the wrist. ... Synonym: lunatomalacia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Kienbock's dislocation
Dislocation of semilunar bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Kienbock's unit
An obsolete unit of X-ray dosage equivalent to 1/10 the erythema dose. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Kiernan, Francis
<person> English physician, 1800-1874. ... See: Kiernan's space. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Kiernan's space
Interlobular space in the liver. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kieselguhr
<chemical> Kieselguhr. A soft, bulky, solid material (88% silica) composed of skeletons of small prehistoric aquatic plants related to algae (diatoms). It can absorb 1.5-4 times its weight in water. ... Chemical name: Kieselguhr ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Kiesselbach, Wilhelm
<person> German laryngologist, 1839-1902. ... See: Kiesselbach's area. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Kiesselbach's area
An area on the anterior portion of the nasal septum rich in capillaries (Kiesselbach's plexus) and often the seat of epistaxis. ... Synonym: Little's area. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kievitone hydratase
<enzyme> Reaction: kievitone hydrate = kievitone + water; a 47-49 kD secreted enzyme that catalyses the detoxification of a bean phytoalexin; from fusarium solani; amino acid sequence given in first source ... Registry number: EC 4.2.1.95 ... Synonym: khs gene product, kievitone-hydrate hydro-lyase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
Kilham rat virus
A virus of the genus Parvovirus causing inapparent infection in rats; also recoverable from rat tumours. ... Synonym: latent rat virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Kilian, Hermann
<person> German gynecologist, 1800-1863. ... See: Kilian's line. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Kilian's line
A transverse line marking the promontory of the pelvis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Kiliani-Fischer synthesis
A synthetic procedure for the extension of the carbon atom chain of aldoses by treatment with cyanide; hydrolysis of the cyanohydrins followed by reduction of the lactone yields the homologous aldose; with this method, d-glucose and d-mannose can be synthesised from d-arabinose. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Kiliani, H
<person> Chemist, 1855-1945. ... See: Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, Kiliani-Fischer reaction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kill
1. To deprive of life, animal or vegetable, in any manner or by any means; to render inanimate; to put to death; to slay. 'Ah, kill me with thy weapon, not with words !' (Shak) ... 2. To destroy; to ruin; as, to kill one's chances; to kill the sale of a book. 'To kill thine honor.' 'Her lively colour kill'd with deadly cares.' (Shak) ... 3. To cause …
killer
1. One who deprives of life; one who, or that which, kills. ... 2. <zoology> A voracious, toothed whale of the genus Orca, of which several species are known. ... The killers have a high dorsal fin, and powerful jaws armed with large, sharp teeth. They capture, and swallow entire, large numbers of seals, porpoises, and dolphins, and are celebra …
killer cell
1. <immunology> Mammalian cells which can lyse antibody coated target cells. They have a receptor for the Fc portion of IgG and are probably of the mononuclear phagocyte lineage, though some may be lymphocytes. Not to be confused with cytotoxic T-cells which recognise targets by other means and are clearly a sub set of T lymphocytes. This con …
killer cells
Lymphocyte-like effector cells which mediate antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity. They kill antibody-coated target cells which they bind with their fc receptors. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
killer cells, lymphokine-activated
Cytolytic lymphocytes with the unique capacity of killing natural killer (nk)-resistant fresh tumour cells. They are interleukin-2-activated nk cells that have no MHC (major histocompatibility complex) restriction or need for antigen stimulation. Lak cells are used for adoptive immunotherapy in cancer patients. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
killer cells, natural
Cells responsible for spontaneous cytotoxicity of a variety of tumour cells without prior immunization. These natural killer cells are found in non-immune humans and experimental animals and are thought by some to be the same as killer cells (killing by antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity), but they can also kill in the absence of antibody. ... (12 …
killer plasmid
<molecular biology> These plasmids are found in some strains of Kluyveromyces marxianus where the cells contain multiple cytoplasmic copies of dsDNA plasmids. Such cells secrete a glycoprotein toxin. The plasmids and the killer function can be transferred to yeast. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
killer T-cell
Synonym for killer cell ... 1. <immunology> Mammalian cells which can lyse antibody coated target cells. They have a receptor for the Fc portion of IgG and are probably of the mononuclear phagocyte lineage, though some may be lymphocytes. Not to be confused with cytotoxic T-cells which recognise targets by other means and are clearly a sub set …
killer yeast
<microbiology> A yeast that secretes a toxin that can kill other yeasts. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
Killian, Gustav
<person> German laryngologist, 1860-1921. ... See: Killian's bundle, Killian's operation, Killian's triangle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Killian's bundle
Synonym for inferior constrictor muscle of pharynx ... Origin, outer surfaces of thyroid (thyropharyngeal part) and cricoid (cricopharyngeal part, musculus cricopharyngeus; superior or upper oesophageal sphincter muscle) cartilages; insertion, pharyngeal raphe in the posterior portion of wall of pharynx; action, narrows lower part of pharynx in swal …
Killian's operation
<procedure, surgery> An operation for frontal sinus disease in which the entire anterior wall is removed and the mucous membrane is curetted away. ... The ethmoid cells are scraped out through an opening in the nasal process of the maxillary bone, and the upper wall of the orbit is removed as well. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Killian's triangle
<anatomy> The triangular-shaped area of the cervical oesophagus bordered by the oblique fibres of the inferior constrictor muscle of the pharynx and the transverse fibres of the cricopharyngeus muscle through which Zenker's diverticulum occurs, and the A-V nodal triangle between the coronary sinus orifice and the ventricular crest. ... Synonym …
kilo
<prefix> A prefix used in the SI and metric systems to signify 1000 times the following unit. For example, a kiloampere is 1000 amperes. ... Origin: French fr. G. Chilioi, one thousand ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kilobase
<molecular biology, unit> Unit of length for DNA fragments equal to 1000 nucleotides. ... Abbreviation: kb ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
kilocalorie
Synonym for large calorie ... The quantity of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water 1°C, more precisely from 14.5° to 15.5°C; it is 1000 times the value of the small calorie; used in measurements of the heat production of chemical reactions, including those involved in biology. ... Synonym: kilocalorie, kilogram calorie. ... (05 Ma …
kilocycle
One thousand cycles per second. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kilogram
<unit> The SI unit of mass, 1000 g; equivalent to 15,432.358 gr, 2.2046226 lb. Avoirdupois, or 2.6792289 lb. Troy. ... Abbreviation: kg ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kilogram calorie
Synonym for large calorie ... The quantity of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water 1°C, more precisely from 14.5° to 15.5°C; it is 1000 times the value of the small calorie; used in measurements of the heat production of chemical reactions, including those involved in biology. ... Synonym: kilocalorie, kilogram calorie. ... (05 Ma …
kilohertz
<unit> A unit of frequency equal to 103 hertz. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kilohm
A unit of electrical resistance equal to 103 ohms. ... Origin: kilo + ohm ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kilojoule
A unit of energy, work, or quantity of heat equal to 103 joules. ... Origin: kilo + joule ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kilometre
<unit> A distance of 1000 metres. ... (21 Jun 2000) ...
kiloroentgen
Term used to denote an exposure of 103 roentgens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kilovolt
A unit of electrical potential, potential difference, or electromotive force, equal to 103 volts. ... Abbreviation: kv ... Origin: kilo + volt ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kilovoltmeter
An instrument designed to measure electromotive force in kilovolts. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kilowatt-hour
<unit> A standard measure of electrical energy, equals one kilowatt of power delivered for one hour. Equivalent to 3.6 million joules. ... For example, 1 kWh will light a 100-watt light bulb for 10 hours. 1 kWh = 3,413 Btu. ... Abbreviation: kWh ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
Kimmelstiel
Paul, German pathologist in the U.S., 1900-1970. ... See: Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease, Kimmelstiel-Wilson syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease
<disease> Kidney disease and resultant kidney function impairment due to the long standing effects of diabetes on the microvasculature (glomerulus) of the kidney. Features include increased urine protein and declining kidney function. Severe diabetic nephropathy can lead to kidney failure and end-stage renal disease. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
Kimmelstiel-Wilson syndrome
<syndrome> Nephrotic syndrome and hypertension in diabetics, associated with diabetic glomerulosclerosis. ... Synonym: Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Kimura
T., 20th century Japanese pathologist. ... See: Kimura's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Kimura's disease
Synonym for angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia ... Solitary or multiple benign cutaneous nodules comprised of immature and mature vascular structures intermingled with endothelial cells and a varied infiltrate of eosinophils, histiocytes, lymphocytes, and mast cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
kin-
Kine- ... Movement, motion. ... See: cine-. ... Origin: G. Kinesis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Kin28 protein kinase
<enzyme> A cyclin-dependent protein serine-threonine kinase from saccharomyces cerevisiae ... Registry number: EC 2.7.10.- ... Synonym: kin28 gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
kinanesthesia
A disturbance of deep sensibility in which there is inability to perceive either direction or extent of movement, the result being ataxia. ... Synonym: cinanesthesia. ... Origin: G. Kinesis, motion, + an-priv. + aisthesis, sensation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kinase
<enzyme, molecular biology> Widely used abbreviation for phosphokinase, an enzyme catalysing transfer of phosphate from ATP to a second substrate usually specified in less abbreviated name, for example creatine phosphokinase (creatine kinase), protein kinase. Serine / threonine kinases phosphorylate on serine or threonine residues, tyrosine k …
kinase II
Synonym for peptidyl-dipeptidase A ... <enzyme> A hydrolase cleaving C-terminal dipeptides from a variety of substrates, including angiotensin I, which is converted to angiotensin II and histidylleucine. ... An important step in the metabolism of certain vasopressor agents. ... It is a chloride-dependent, zinc glycoprotein that is generally memb …
kind
1. Nature; natural instinct or disposition. 'He knew by kind and by no other lore.' (Chaucer) 'Some of you, on pure instinct of nature, Are led by kind t'admire your fellow-creature.' (Dryden) ... 2. Race; genus; species; generic class; as, in mankind or humankind. 'Come of so low a kind.' 'Every kind of beasts, and of birds.' (James III.7) 'She fol …
kindle
1. To set on fire; to cause to burn with flame; to ignite; to cause to begin burning; to start; to light; as, to kindle a match, or shavings. 'His breath kindleth coals.' (Job xii. 21) ... 2. To inflame, as the passions; to rouse; to provoke; to excite to action; to heat; to fire; to animate; to incite; as, to kindle anger or wrath; to kindle the fl …
kindling
<neurology> A phenomenon in which there is a relatively profound alteration in brain function resulting from repeated electrical or chemical stimulation and culminating in the appearance of electrographic and behavioural convulsions whenever the stimulus is re-applied. It is used as an experimental model for epilepsy. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
kindly
1. According to the kind or nature; natural. 'The kindly fruits of the earth.' (Book of Com. Prayer) 'An herd of bulls whom kindly rage doth sting.' (Spenser) 'Whatsoever as the Son of God he may do, it is kindly for Him as the Son of Man to save the sons of men.' (L. Andrews) ... 2. Humane; congenial; sympathetic; hence, disposed to do good to; ben …
kindred
1. Relationship by birth or marriage; consanguinity; affinity; kin. 'Like her, of equal kindred to the throne.' (Dryden) ... 2. Relatives by blood or marriage, more properly the former; relations; persons related to each other. 'I think there's no man is secure But the queen's kindred.' (Shak) ... Synonym: Kin, kinsfolk, relatives, kinsmen, relations …
kinectin
<molecular biology> Integral membrane protein (160 kD) of the endoplasmic reticulum, binds to kinesin and is the membrane anchor for kinesin driven vesicle movement. Sci 267: 1834 ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
kinematic face-bow
adjustable axis face-bow ...
kinematic viscosity
A measure used in studies of fluid flow; the dynamic viscosity, u, in poises divided by the density of the material; units: stokes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kinematics
<physics> The science which treats of motions considered in themselves, or apart from their causes; the comparison and relation of motions. ... Kinematics forms properly an introduction to mechanics, as involving the mathematical principles which are to be applied to its data of forces. ... Origin: Gr., motion, fr. To move. ... Source: Websters …
kinemometer
An electromagnetic device, similar in principle to the velocity ballistocardiograph, used to measure the contraction and relaxation elicited in a tendon reflex. ... Origin: G. Kinesis, movement, + metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kineplastic amputation
Synonym for cineplastic amputation ... A method of amputation of an extremity whereby the muscles and tendons are so arranged in the stump that they are able to execute independent movements and to communicate motion to a specially constructed prosthetic apparatus. ... Synonym: cinematic amputation, cineplastics, kineplastic amputation, kineplastics. …
kineplastics
Synonym for cineplastic amputation ... A method of amputation of an extremity whereby the muscles and tendons are so arranged in the stump that they are able to execute independent movements and to communicate motion to a specially constructed prosthetic apparatus. ... Synonym: cinematic amputation, cineplastics, kineplastic amputation, kineplastics. …
kinesalgia
Pain caused by muscular movement. ... Synonym: kinesialgia. ... Origin: G. Kinesis, motion, + algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kinescope
<instrument> An obsolete instrument for determining the refraction of the eyes; the subject observes the apparent 'with' or 'against' movement of the test object through a stenopeic slit moved across the front of the eye. ... Origin: G. Kinesis, motion, + skopeo, to examine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kinesi-
Kinesio-kineso- ... Motion. ... Origin: G. Kinesis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kinesia
Synonym: motion sickness. ... Origin: G. Kinesis, movement ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kinesialgia
Synonym for kinesalgia ... Pain caused by muscular movement. ... Synonym: kinesialgia. ... Origin: G. Kinesis, motion, + algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kinesics
Systematic study of the body and the use of its static and dynamic position as a means of communication. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
kinesimeter
An instrument for measuring the extent of a movement. ... Synonym: kinesiometer. ... Origin: G. Kinesis, movement, + metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kinesin
<molecular biology> Cytoplasmic protein (110 kD) that is responsible for moving vesicles and particles towards the distal end of microtubules. Differs from cytoplasmic dynein (MAP1C) in the direction in which it moves and its relative insensitivity to vanadate. It has two heavy chains and two light chains. A large number of related gene produ …
kinesio-
See: kinesi-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kinesiology
The science or the study of movement, and the active and passive structures involved. ... Origin: G. Kinesis, movement, + -logos, study ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kinesiology, applied
The study of muscles and the movement of the human body. In holistic medicine it is the balance of movement and the interaction of a person's energy systems. Applied kinesiology is the name given by its inventor, dr. George goodheart, to the system of applying muscle testing diagnostically and therapeutically to different aspects of health care. (t …
kinesiometer
Synonym for kinesimeter ... An instrument for measuring the extent of a movement. ... Synonym: kinesiometer. ... Origin: G. Kinesis, movement, + metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kinesioneurosis
Rarely used term for a neurosis, or functional nervous disease, marked by tics, spasms, or other motor disorders. ... Origin: G. Kinesis, movement ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kinesipathist
A nonmedical person who treats disease by movements of various kinds. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kinesis
<cell biology> Alteration in the movement of a cell, without any directional bias. Thus speed may increase or decrease (orthokinesis) or there may be an alteration in turning behaviour (klinokinesis). ... See: chemokinesis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
kineso-
See: kinesi-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kinesophobia
<psychology> Morbid fear of movement. ... Origin: G. Kinesis, movement, + phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kinesthesia
1. The sense perception of movement; the muscular sense. ... 2. An illusion of moving in space. ... Origin: G. Kinesis, motion, + aisthesis, sensation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kinesthesia hallucination
The sense of movement of one or more muscles, when no movement is taking place. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kinesthesiometer
An instrument for determining the degree of muscular sensation. ... Origin: kinesthesia, + G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
kinesthesis
The sense by which muscular motion, weight, position, etc., are perceived. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
kinesthetic
Relating to kinesthesia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
