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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

Kummell
Hermann, German surgeon, 1852-1937. ... See: Kummell's spondylitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kummell's spondylitis
Late posttraumatic collapse of a vertebral body. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kuntscher
Gerhard, German surgeon, 1902-1972. ... See: Kuntscher nail. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kuntscher nail
An intramedullary nail used for internal fixation of a fracture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kupfernickel
<chemical> Copper-nickel; niccolite. ... Origin: G. See Copper, and Nickel. ... (21 Mar 1998) ...

Kupffer
Karl W. Von, German anatomist, 1829-1902. ... See: Kupffer cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kupffer cells
Large star-shaped or pyramidal cells with a large oval nucleus and a small prominent nucleolus. These intensely phagocytic cells line the walls of the sinusoids of the liver and form a part of the reticuloendothelial system. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Kupffer, Karl Wilhelm von
<person> B. Munich, Nov. 14th, 1829. Was an Anatomist and Embryologist. Was Professor of Anatomy in Kiel (1867), in Konigsberg (1875) and in Munich (1880). D. Munich, 1902. ... Kupffer's Cells - 'stellate cells' in the lining of blood channels in the liver. ... Lived: 1829-1902. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

Kuppfer cell
<pathology> Specialised macrophage of the liver sinusoids, responsible for the removal of particulate matter from the circulating blood (particularly old erythrocytes). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

kurchi bark
Synonym for conessi ... The bark of Holarrhena antidysenterica (family Apocynaceae), an Indian tree; used as an astringent and in the treatment of dysentery and amoebiasis. ... Synonym: kurchi bark. ... Origin: E. Ind. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kurloff
Mikhail G., Russian physician, 1859-1932. ... See: Kurloff's bodies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kurloff cell
<haematology, pathology> Cells found in the blood and organs of guinea pigs that contain large secretory granules but are of unknown function. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Kurloff's bodies
Palely basophilic, granular inclusions sometimes observed in the cytoplasm of the large mononuclear leukocytes (probably lymphocytes) of guinea pigs and certain other animals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kursteiner
(Kuersteiner) ... W., 19th century German anatomist. ... See: Kursteiner's canals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kursteiner's canals
A foetal complex of vesicular, canalicular, and glandlike structures derived from parathyroid, thymus, or thymic cord; they are rudimentary and functionless unless persistent postnatally, when they may occur as cystic structures in the vicinity of parathyroid III and thymus III. Kursteiner described three types, type II canal's being associated wit …

kurtosis
The extent to which a unimodal distribution is peaked. ... Origin: G., an arching ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kuru
<disease, virology> Degenerative disease of the central nervous system found in members of the Fore tribe of new Guinea: a spongiform encephalopathy (prion disease) similar to scrapie and thought to be transmitted by cannibalism. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Kurunegala ulcers
pyosis tropica ...

Kurzrok-Ratner test
A test for oestrogens in the urine; the urine is extracted with ethyl acetate and, after purification, the extract is subjected to bioassay as in the Allen-Doisy test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kuskokwim syndrome
<syndrome> Congenital joint contractures resembling arthrogryposis, found in Eskimos of the Kuskokwim River delta in Alaska. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kussmaul
Adolph, German physician, 1822-1902. ... See: Kussmaul respiration, Kussmaul's aphasia, Kussmaul's coma, Kussmaul's disease, Kussmaul's paradoxical pulse, Kussmaul's sign, Kussmaul's symptom, Kussmaul-Kien respiration, Kussmaul's pulse. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kussmaul breathing
Air hunger. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Kussmaul respiration
Deep, rapid respiration characteristic of diabetic or other causes of acidosis. ... Synonym: Kussmaul-Kien respiration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kussmaul-Kien respiration
Synonym for Kussmaul respiration ... Deep, rapid respiration characteristic of diabetic or other causes of acidosis. ... Synonym: Kussmaul-Kien respiration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kussmaul's aphasia
Mutism in psychosis; a misnomer; not actually an aphasia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kussmaul's coma
Synonym for diabetic coma ... A severe metabolic derangement that occurs in the absence of insulin. Insulin allows the body to absorb glucose into cells for energy production. In the absence of insulin, the body starts to break down fats for fuel. A metabolic byproduct of fat metabolism is referred to as a ketone. The presence of elevated blood keto …

Kussmaul's disease
Synonym for polyarteritis nodosa ... <radiology> Necrotizing vasculitis of medium-sized arteries, usually in male adults, associated with hepatitis B antigen, kidney: most frquently involved organ (85%), multiple small intrarenal aneurysms, aneurysms may disappear (thrombosis) or appear in new locations, arterial narrowing and thrombosis (chro …

Kussmaul's paradoxical pulse
Synonym for paradoxical pulse ... An exaggeration of the normal variation in the pulse volume with respiration, becoming weaker with inspiration and stronger with expiration; characteristic of cardiac tamponade, rare in constrictive pericarditis; so called because these changes are independent of changes in the cardiac rate as measured directly or b …

Kussmaul's pulse
Reduction or disappearance of the pulse during inspiration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kussmaul's sign
<clinical sign> In constrictive pericarditis, a paradoxical increase in venous distention and pressure during inspiration; seen occasionally in effusive-constrictive pericarditis when tamponading pericardial fluid overlies a constricting epicarditis. ... Synonym: Kussmaul's symptom. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kussmaul's symptom
Synonym for Kussmaul's sign ... <clinical sign> In constrictive pericarditis, a paradoxical increase in venous distention and pressure during inspiration; seen occasionally in effusive-constrictive pericarditis when tamponading pericardial fluid overlies a constricting epicarditis. ... Synonym: Kussmaul's symptom. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kuster
Herman, early 20th century German gynecologist. ... See: Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome, Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kustner
Heinz, German gynecologist, *1897. ... See: Prausnitz-Kustner antibody, Prausnitz-Kustner reaction, reversed Prausnitz-Kustner reaction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kv
<abbreviation> Kilovolt. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kveim
Morton A., Norwegian physician, *1892. ... See: Kveim antigen, Kveim test, Kveim-Stilzbach antigen, Kveim-Stilzbach test, Nickerson-Kveim test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kveim antigen
A saline suspension of human sarcoid tissue prepared from the spleen of an individual with active sarcoidosis; used in the Kveim test. ... Synonym: Kveim-Stilzbach antigen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kveim test
<radiology> Intradermal injection, diagnostic for sarcoidosis ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Kveim-Stilzbach antigen
Synonym for Kveim antigen ... A saline suspension of human sarcoid tissue prepared from the spleen of an individual with active sarcoidosis; used in the Kveim test. ... Synonym: Kveim-Stilzbach antigen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kveim-Stilzbach test
Synonym for kveim test ... <radiology> Intradermal injection, diagnostic for sarcoidosis ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

kVp
<abbreviation> Kilovolts peak, the highest instantaneous energy across an X-ray tube, corresponding to the highest energy X-rays emitted. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kw
See Kilowatt. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

kwashiorkor
A nutritional deficiency illness in children who are not getting enough protein, this results in anaemia, poor growth, weakness, and oedema (which isparticularly characterised by a pronounced pot belly). Infamine-stricken regions, children typically develop kwashiorkor rightafter they are weaned. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

kwh
See Kilowatt-hour. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

ky-
For words beginning thus and not found below, see cy-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kyasanur forest disease
Tick-borne flavivirus infection occurring in the kyasanur forest in india. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Kyasanur Forest disease virus
A group B arbovirus, in the family Flaviviridae, isolated from monkeys in India and capable of causing Kyasanur Forest disease in humans; the virus is spread by monkeys and birds having mild infections; the vectors are probably species of the tick Haemaphysalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kyllosis
An obsolete term for talipes. ... Origin: G. Kyllosis, a crippling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kymatism
Synonym: myokymia. ... Origin: G. Kyma, wave ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kymogram
The graphic curve made by a kymograph. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kymography
The recording of variations or undulations, arterial or other, using an instrument called the kymograph. The tracing or other graphic record is called a kymogram. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

kymoscope
<instrument> An apparatus once used for measuring the pulse waves, or the variation in blood pressure. ... Origin: G. Kyma, wave, + skopeo, to regard ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kynuramine
<chemical> 3-amino-1-(2-aminophenyl)-1-propanone. ... Chemical name: 1-Propanone, 3-amino-1-(2-aminophenyl)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

kynurenic acid
<chemical> A broad-spectrum excitatory amino acid antagonist used as a research tool. ... Pharmacological action: excitatory amino acid antagonists. ... Chemical name: 2-Quinolinecarboxylic acid, 4-hydroxy- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

kynureninase
A liver enzyme catalyzing the hydrolysis of the l-kynurenine side chain, with the formation of anthranilic acid and l-alanine, in l-tryptophan metabolism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kynurenine
<chemical> Chemical name: Benzenebutanoic acid, alpha,2-diamino-gamma-oxo- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

kynurenine 3-hydroxylase
Synonym for kynurenine 3-monooxygenase ... <enzyme> Formerly EC 1.14.1.2 ... Registry number: EC 1.14.13.9 ... Synonym: kynurenine hydroxylase, kynurenine 3-hydroxylase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

kynurenine 3-monooxygenase
<enzyme> Formerly EC 1.14.1.2 ... Registry number: EC 1.14.13.9 ... Synonym: kynurenine hydroxylase, kynurenine 3-hydroxylase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

kynurenine formamidase
Synonym for formamidase ... <enzyme> Isolated from methylophilus methylotrophus; genbank x99632 ... Registry number: EC 3.5.1.49 ... Synonym: fmda gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

kyotorphin I dipeptidase
<enzyme> Responsible for the major kyotorphin-degrading activity in the soluble fraction of rat brain ... Registry number: EC 3.4.13.- ... Synonym: kyotorphin I hydrolyzing enzyme, tyrosyl-arginine dipeptidase, ktpase I, kyotorphin (l-tyr-l-arg)-hydrolyzing peptidase, ktpase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

kyotorphin synthetase
<enzyme> Found in brain synaptosomes; catalyses the formation of kyotorphin and pyrophosphate from tyrosine, arginine and ATP in the presence of mgcl2 ... Registry number: EC 6.3.2.- ... Synonym: tyrosine-arginine synthetase, tyr-arg synthetase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

kyphos
A hump, the convex prominence in kyphosis. ... Origin: G. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kyphoscoliosis
Combination of kyphosis and scoliosis (lateral curving of the spine). Part of good health maintenance is to check a child's back (from infancy through adolescence) to make sure the back looks normal and, if concerned, a doctor is consulted. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

kyphoscoliotic pelvis
A pelvis with marked anteroposterior curvature of the spine combined with lateral spinal curvature, usually due to severe rickets. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kyphosis
A posterior curvature of the thoracic spine usually the result of a disease (lung disease, Paget's disease) or a congenital problem. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

kyphotic
Relating to or suffering from kyphosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kyphotic pelvis
Backward curvature of the lumbar spine causing contraction of pelvic measurements. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

kyphotone
A brace for use in tuberculosis of the spine. ... Origin: G. Kyphos, hump, + tonos, brace ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kyrle, J
<person> German dermatologist, 1880-1926. ... See: Kyrle's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Kyrle's disease
Synonym for hyperkeratosis follicularis et parafollicularis ... Discrete and confluent horny follicular plugs on a crateriform base, often occurring on the arms and legs in diabetics with renal failure; possibly a severe form of perforating folliculitis. ... Synonym: hyperkeratosis penetrans, Kyrle's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

L cell
<cell biology> A series of mouse methylcholanthrene induced sarcoma cell line maintained in culture since the 1950s. ... The cells were isolated from a strain (c3h) of mouse fibroblasts grown in tissue culture. They are employed for their ability to support replication of many types of viruses. ... (25 Jun 1999) ...

L chain
<immunology> Although light chains are found in many multimeric proteins, L chain usually refers to the light chains of immunoglobulins. ... These are of 22 kD and of one of two types, kappa or lambda. A single immunoglobulin has identical light chains (2 kappa or 2 lamda). Light chains have one variable and one constant region. There are isot …

L doses
A group of terms that indicate the relative activity or potency of diphtheria toxin; the L dose's are distinctly different from the minimal lethal dose and minimal reacting dose, inasmuch as the latter two represent the direct effects of toxin, whereas the L dose's pertain to the combining power of toxin with specific antitoxin. ... Origin: 'L' for …

L form
L-forms are bacterial spheroplasts or protoplasts originating from normal bacteria following partial (spheroplasts) or complete (protoplasts) removal of the cell wall. ... The formation of L-forms can be either spontaneous, occuring during certain phase of growth, or artificial due to suppression of the rigid cell wall by stimuli such as enzymes, he …

l forms
Bacterial variants, unable to form a complete cell wall, which are formed in cultures by various bacteria; granules (l bodies) appear, unite, and grow into amorphous bodies which multiply and give rise to bacterial cells morphologically indistinguishable from the parent strain. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

L myc
<oncogene> Relative of the myc proto-oncogene overexpressed in lung carcinoma. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

L ring
<microbiology> Outermost ring of the basal part of the bacterial flagellum in gram-negative bacteria. It may serve as a bush to anchor the flagellum relative to the lipopolysaccharide layer. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

L-2-hydroxyacid oxidase
<enzyme> Consider also glycollate oxidase EC 1.1.3.1 ... Chemical name: oxidase, l-2-hydroxy acid ... Registry number: EC 1.1.3.15 ... Synonym: l-alpha-hydroxy acid oxidase, lactate oxygen oxidoreductase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

L-alpha-glycerol-phosphate oxidase
<enzyme> Uses molecular oxygen; forms hydrogen peroxide and dehydroxyacetonephosphate ... Registry number: EC 1.1.3.- ... Synonym: glycerolphosphate oxidase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

l-alpha-narcotine
Synonym for noscapine ... <chemical> A naturally occurring opium alkaloid that is a centrally acting antitussive agent. ... Pharmacological action: antitussive agents. ... Chemical name: 1(3H)-Isobenzofuranone, 6,7-dimethoxy-3-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3-dioxolo(4,5-g)isoquinolin-5-yl)-, (S-(R*,S*))- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

L-AP4 receptor
A type of glutamate receptor that also binds a particular synthetic agonist and acts as a cation channel. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

L-arabino-aldose dehydrogenase
<enzyme> Acts on sugars with l-arabino configuration at c2 through c4 ... Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

L-arabinose dehydrogenase
<enzyme> See also EC 1.1.1.116, d-arabinose dehydrogenase ... Registry number: EC 1.1.1.46 ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

L-aspartate oxidase
<enzyme> E coli enzyme; forms unstable product, iminoaspartate; b protein of quinolinate synthetase ... Registry number: EC 1.4.3.16 ... Synonym: b-protein, quinolinate synthetase, l-aspartate - fumarate oxidoreductase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

L-canaline reductase
<enzyme> From leaves of canavalia ensiformis; mw 167 kD; catalyses a NADPH-dependent reductive cleavage of l-canaline to l-homoserine and ammonia ... Registry number: EC 1.6.6.- ... Synonym: NADPH-l-canaline oxidoreductase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

L-carbamoylase
<enzyme> Hydrolyzes n-carbamoyl amino acids ... Registry number: EC 3.5.1.- ... Synonym: amab gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

l-carnitine
<amino acid> Is a dipeptide - an amino acid made from two other aminos, methionine and lysine. It can be synthesised in the liver if sufficient amounts of lysine, B1, B6 and iron are available. Muscle and organ meat, fish and milk products are the best sources of carnitine in the diet. ... Carnitine has been shown to have a major role in the m …

L-chain disease
bence Jones myeloma ...

L-chain myeloma
bence Jones myeloma ...

l-cone
Long wavelength sensitive cone (red cone). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

L-cysteine-cystine C-S lyase
<enzyme> C-des - cysteine desulfhydrase; a pyridoxal phosphate- containing enzyme from synechocystis involved information of fe-s cluster of ferredoxin; catalyses the breakdown of l-cysteine to yield sulfide, pyruvate and ammonia; increased activity with cystine, yielding cysteine persulfide as the primary product; mw about 43 kD ... Registry …

L-D body
Synonym for Leishman-Donovan body ... The intracytoplasmic, nonflagellated leishmanial form of certain intracellular parasites, such as species of Leishmania or the intracellular form of Trypanosoma cruzi; originally used for Leishmania donovani parasites in infected spleen or liver cells in kala azar. ... Synonym: amastigote, L-D body. ... (05 Mar 20 …

l-dehydroascorbic acid
The reversibly oxidised form of ascorbic acid; it is antiscorbutic, but is converted in the body to 2,3-diketo-l-gulonic acid, which has no vitamin C activity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

l-dopa
Synonym for levodopa ... <chemical> The naturally occurring form of dopa and the immediate precursor of dopamine. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to dopamine. It is used for the treatment of parkinsonism and is usually given with ag …

L-dopa peroxidase
<enzyme> Found in human erythrocytes associated with catalase ... Registry number: EC 1.11.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

L-fucose permease
<chemical> ... Synonym: fucose permease ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

L-fuculokinase
<enzyme> Reaction: ATP + l-fuculose = ADP + l-fuculose 1-phosphate; from escherichia coli; has been sequenced ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.51 ... Synonym: fuck gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

L-galactonolactone oxidase
<enzyme> Flavin-containing enzyme from yeast which utilises oxygen as electron acceptor; forms ascorbic acid ... Registry number: EC 1.3.3.24 ... Synonym: galactono-gamma-lactone oxidase, l-galactono-1,4-lactone-oxygen 3-oxidoreductase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

l-glyceric aciduria
Excretion of l-glyceric acid in the urine; a primary metabolic error due to deficiency of d-glyceric dehydrogenase resulting in excretion of l-glyceric and oxalic acids, leading to the clinical syndrome of oxalosis with frequent formation of oxalate renal calculi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

L-glycol dehydrogenase
<enzyme> Catalyses NADPH linked reversible reduction of uncharged vicinal dicarbonyls and alpha-hydroxycarbonyls to l-(+)-glycols ... Registry number: EC 1.1.1.185 ... Synonym: l-(+)-glycol-NADP oxidoreductase, alpha-dicarbonyl reductase, l-(+)-alpha-hydroxycarbonyl-NADP oxidoreductase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

l-gulonic acid
Reduction product of glucuronic acid (-CHO &rarr; -CH2OH); oxidation product of l-gulose (-CHO &rarr; -COOH); a precursor (except in primates, guinea pigs, certain fishes, and the Indian fruit bat) of ascorbic acid via l-gulonolactone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...