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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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lag phase<cell culture> The initial growth phase of a culture, during which cell number remains relatively constant prior to rapid growth. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
lagena<anatomy, ornithology> The terminal part of the cochlea in birds and most reptiles; an appendage of the sacculus, corresponding to the cochlea, in fishes and amphibians. ... (04 Mar 1998) ...
lagging strandThe DNA strand that is replicated discontinuously from the 5' to the 3' direction. ... See: Okazaki fragments. ... Compare: leading strand. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
lagomorphaAn order comprising two families, ochotonidae and leporidae, 13 genera, and 69 species. It has a natural range covering most of the world's major land masses. Head and body length ranges from about 125 mm to 750 mm. Hares and rabbits have a short tail, and the pikas lack a tail. The fur is long, soft, and fine in pikas and usually thick and soft in …
lagoonA shallow lake or pond, especially one connected with a larger body of water, an area of shallow salt water separated from the sea by sand dunes, the area of water surrounded by an atoll, or circular coral reef. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
lagophthalmic keratitisSynonym for exposure keratitis ... Inflammation of the cornea resulting from irritation caused by inability to close the eyelids. ... Synonym: lagophthalmic keratitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Lagrange disk<microscopy> The exit pupil of the microscope, also called exit pupil, eyepoint and Ramsden circle or disk. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...
Lahey forcepsThyroid forceps used to deliver the uterus in vaginohysterectomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Lahey, Frank<person> U.S. Surgeon, 1880-1935. ... See: Lahey forceps. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Lahore soreSynonym for Oriental sore ... <disease> Skin disease caused by the flagellate protozoan, Leishmania tropica. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
laimer triangleSynonym for Killian's triangle ... <anatomy> The triangular-shaped area of the cervical oesophagus bordered by the oblique fibres of the inferior constrictor muscle of the pharynx and the transverse fibres of the cricopharyngeus muscle through which Zenker's diverticulum occurs, and the A-V nodal triangle between the coronary sinus orifice and …
LAK<abbreviation> Lymphokine activated killer cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lake<ecology> An inland body of water, usually fresh water, formed by glaciers, river drainage, etc., larger than a pool or pond. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
Laki-Lorand factorSynonym for factor xiii ... <chemical> Fibrin stabilizing factor. It is a glycoprotein activated by thrombin in the presence of calcium to form factor xiiia. Factor xiii is found evenly distributed between plasma and platelets. Its function is to stabilise the formation of the fibrin polymer (clot) which culminates the coagulation cascade. ... …
laky bloodBlood that is undergoing or has undergone laking. ... See: lake, laky. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
laliatryThe study and treatment of speech disorders. ... Origin: G. Lalia, speech, chatter, + iatria, cure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
laliophobia<psychology> Morbid fear of speaking or stuttering. ... Origin: G. Lalia, speech, + phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
LallemandClaude F., French surgeon, 1790-1853. ... See: Lallemand's bodies, Trousseau-Lallemand bodies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Lallemand's bodiesOld term for small gelatinoid concretions sometimes observed in seminal fluid, old term for Bence Jones cylinders. ... Synonym: Trousseau-Lallemand bodies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lallingA form of stammering in which the speech is almost unintelligible. ... Origin: G. Laleo, to chatter ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Lallouette, Pierre<person> French physician, 1711-1792. ... See: Lallouette's pyramid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Lallouette's pyramidSynonym for pyramidal lobe of thyroid gland ... <anatomy> An inconstant narrow lobe of the thyroid gland that arises from the upper border of the isthmus and extends upward, sometimes as far as the hyoid bone; it marks the point of continuity with the thyroglossal duct. ... Synonym: lobus pyramidalis glandulae thyroideae, Lallouette's pyramid, …
lalocheziaEmotional discharge gained by uttering indecent or filthy words. ... Origin: G. Lalia, speech, + chezo, to relieve oneself ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lalognosisUnderstanding and knowledge of speech. ... Origin: G. Lalia, speech, + gnosis, knowledge ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
laloplegiaParalysis of the muscles concerned in the mechanism of speech. ... Origin: G. Lalia, speech, + plege, a stroke ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste<person> French botanist, zoologist, and biological philosopher, 1744-1829. ... See: lamarckian theory. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamarckian theoryThat acquired characteristics may be transmitted to the descendants and that experience, and not biology alone, can change and thereby influence genetic transmission. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Lamaze methodA technique of psychoprophylactic preparation for childbirth, designed to minimise the pain of labour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Lamaze, Fernand<person> French obstetrician, 1890-1957. ... See: Lamaze method. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamb1. <zoology> The young of the sheep. ... 2. Any person who is as innocent or gentle as a lamb. ... 3. A simple, unsophisticated person; in the cant of the Stock Exchange, one who ignorantly speculates and is victimized. Lamb of God, The Lamb, the Jesus Christ, in allusion to the paschal lamb. 'The twelve apostles of the Lamb.' (Rev. Xxi. 14) 'B …
lamb dysenteryEnterotoxaemia of lambs caused by type B toxins of Clostridium perfringens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
LAMB syndrome<syndrome> The concurrence of lentigines, atrial myxoma, mucocutaneous myxomas, and blue nevi. ... See: NAME syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lambda bacteriophage<virology> Bacterial DNA virus, first isolated from E. Coli. Its structure is similar to that of the T even phages. ... Lambda genetic material consists of a double-stranded DNA molecule with 5' twelve-base-pair sticky ends, known as cos sites, which permit circularisation of the DNA molecule. It shows a lytic cycle and a lysogenic cycle and s …
lambda chainSynonym for L chain ... <immunology> Although light chains are found in many multimeric proteins, L chain usually refers to the light chains of immunoglobulins. ... These are of 22 kD and of one of two types, kappa or lambda. A single immunoglobulin has identical light chains (2 kappa or 2 lamda). Light chains have one variable and one constant …
lambda phageSynonym for lambda bacteriophage ... <virology> Bacterial DNA virus, first isolated from E. Coli. Its structure is similar to that of the T even phages. ... Lambda genetic material consists of a double-stranded DNA molecule with 5' twelve-base-pair sticky ends, known as cos sites, which permit circularisation of the DNA molecule. It shows a lyt …
lambda sign<radiology> Small ascending aorta: same size as right and left coronary aa., hypoplastic left heart syndrome ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
lambdacism1. Mispronunciation or disarticulation of the letter l. ... 2. Substitution of the letter l for the letter r. ... Origin: G. Lambda, the letter L ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lambdoidResembling the Greek letter lambda, as does the lambdoid suture. ... Origin: Lambda + G. Eidos, resemblance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lambdoid border of occipital bone<anatomy> The margin of the occipital squama that articulates with the parietal bones in the lambdoid suture. ... Synonym: margo lambdoideus squamae occipitalis, lambdoid margin of occipital bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lambdoid margin of occipital boneSynonym for lambdoid border of occipital bone ... <anatomy> The margin of the occipital squama that articulates with the parietal bones in the lambdoid suture. ... Synonym: margo lambdoideus squamae occipitalis, lambdoid margin of occipital bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lambdoid suture<anatomy> Line of union between the occipital and the parietal bones. ... Synonym: sutura lambdoidea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lambdoid suture defect<radiology> Well-defined lucent lesion, classically unilateral, associated with neurofibromatosis ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
lambert<unit> A unit of brightness; the brightness of a perfectly diffusing surface emitting or reflecting a total luminous flux of 1 lumen per sq cm of surface. ... Origin: J.H. Lambert, German physicist and mathematician, 1728-1777 ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lambert-eaton myasthenic syndrome<neurology> An acquired autoimmune disease characterised by weakness and fatigability of proximal muscles, particularly of the pelvic girdle and thighs, with relative sparing of extraocular and bulbar muscles. ... It is often associated with small cell carcinoma of the lung. The neuromuscular defect in this disease is believed to be due to a d …
Lambert-Eaton syndrome<syndrome> A condition characterised by muscle weakness that is similar to the symptoms of myasthenia gravis. For this reason, it has been referred to as myasthenic syndrome. This disorder is caused by an insufficient release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) by the nerve cells. Unlike myasthenia gravis, as muscle contractions are continued …
Lambert, Edward<person> U.S. Physician, *1915. ... See: Lambert-Eaton syndrome, Eaton-Lambert syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Lambert's lawEach layer of equal thickness absorbs an equal fraction of the light that traverses it; Cf.: Beer-Lambert law. ... The illumination of a surface on which the light falls normally from a point source is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Lambert's syndromeSynonym for Lambert-Eaton syndrome ... <syndrome> A condition characterised by muscle weakness that is similar to the symptoms of myasthenia gravis. For this reason, it has been referred to as myasthenic syndrome. This disorder is caused by an insufficient release of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) by the nerve cells. Unlike myasthenia gravis …
lambing paralysisSynonym for pregnancy disease of sheep ... A highly fatal metabolic disease of well-nourished ewes in the late stages of pregnancy, especially in ewes carrying twin lambs; it is caused by carbohydrate depletion of the blood and tissues, and is characterised by hypoglycaemia, ketonuria, fatty infiltration of the liver, rapid emaciation, coma, and a h …
lambing sicknessSynonym for pregnancy disease of sheep ... A highly fatal metabolic disease of well-nourished ewes in the late stages of pregnancy, especially in ewes carrying twin lambs; it is caused by carbohydrate depletion of the blood and tissues, and is characterised by hypoglycaemia, ketonuria, fatty infiltration of the liver, rapid emaciation, coma, and a h …
Lambl's excrescencesSmall pointed projections from the edges of the aortic cusps of unknown significance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Lamblia intestinalisOld term for Giardia lamblia, though still frequently used, especially by protozoologists in the former Soviet Union. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lambliasisSynonym for giardiasis ... An infection of the small intestine caused by the flagellated protozoan giardia lamblia. It is spread via contaminated food and water and by direct person-to-person contact. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
lambo lamboSynonym for myositis purulenta tropica ... A disease observed in Samoa and in tropical Africa, marked by pains in the extremities, fever of a remittent or intermittent type, and abscesses in the muscles in various parts of the body (may result in death from sepsis); causative organisms are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, but usuall …
LambrinudiConstantine, British orthopaedic surgeon, 1890-1943. ... See: Lambrinudi operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Lambrinudi operationA form of triple arthrodesis done in such a manner as to prevent foot drop, usually as occurs in poliomyelitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lame1. Moving with pain or difficulty on account of injury, defect, or temporary obstruction of a function; as, a lame leg, arm, or muscle. To some degree disabled by reason of the imperfect action of a limb; crippled; as, a lame man. 'Lame of one leg.' . 'Lame in both his feet.' . 'He fell, and became lame.' . ... 2. Hence, hobbling; limping; inefficie …
lamellaA thin, plate-like layer, middle lamella, the layer between the walls of two adjacent plant cells. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
lamella of boneA concentric, circumferential, or interstitial lamella. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamellar1. Arranged in thin plates or scales. ... Synonym: lamellate, lamellated. ... 2. Relating to lamellae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamellar boneThe normal type of adult mammalian bone, whether cancellous or compact, composed of parallel lamellae in the former and concentric lamellae in the latter; lamellar organization reflects a repeating pattern of collagen fibroarchitecture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamellar cataractA cataract in which the opacity is limited to the cortex. ... Synonym: zonular cataract. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamellar ichthyosisA dry form of congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, an autosomal recessive trait present at birth; characterised by large, coarse scales over most of the body with thickened palms and soles, and associated with ectropion; histologically, there is hyperkeratosis, a prominent granular layer in the epidermis, slight acanthosis, many mitotic figures, …
lamellar keratoplastySynonym for nonpenetrating keratoplasty ... Keratoplasty in which only the anterior layer of the cornea is used (not a tectonic keratoplasty). ... Synonym: lamellar keratoplasty, layered keratoplasty. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamellar phaseSynonym for phospholipid bilayer ... <biochemistry> A lamellar organisation of phospholipids that are packed as a bilayer with hydrophobic acyl tails inwardly directed and polar head groups on the outside surfaces. ... It is this bilayer that forms the basis of membranes in cells, though in most cellular membranes a very substantial proportion …
lamellateMade up of thin plates or lamina. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
lamellated corpusclesSmall oval bodies in the skin of the fingers, in the mesentery, tendons, and elsewhere, formed of concentric layers of connective tissue with a soft core in which the axon of a nerve fibre runs, splitting up into a number of fibrils that terminate in bulbous enlargements; they are sensitive to pressure. ... Synonym: corpuscula lamellosa, pacinian co …
lamellibranchiata<zoology> A class of Mollusca including all those that have bivalve shells, as the clams, oysters, mussels, etc. ... They usually have two (rarely but one) flat, lamelliform gills on each side of the body. They have an imperfectly developed head, concealed within the shell, whence they are called Acephala. ... Synonym: Conchifera, and Pelecypod …
lamellipodiumFlattened projection from the surface of a cell, often associated with locomotion of fibroblasts. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
lameness, animalA departure from the normal gait in animals. It is also called claudication. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
lamiaceaeMembers of the mint family are characteristically aromatic, and many of them are cultivated for their oils. Among these are peppermint, spearmint, and pennyroyal (all species of mentha); lavender (lavandula); horehound (marrubium vulgare); thyme (thymus vulgaris); sage (salvia officinalis); and catnip (nepeta cataria). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
lamin antibodiesDisplaying a ring- or rim-type ANA pattern by indirect fluorescent antibody assay, lamin antibodies are found in a few patients with SLE. They are more common in patients with chronic autoimmune disease with an unusual triad of conditions including hepatitis, cytopenia(s) with a circulating anticoagulant or cardiolipin antibodies and cutaneous leuk …
lamin proteinase<enzyme> Cleaves the nuclear lamins during apoptosis; related to interleukin 1beta-converting enzyme (ice); distinct from poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (parp) proteinase ... Registry number: EC 3.4.99.- ... Synonym: lamin protease ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
laminaFlat sheet, as in basal lamina. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
lamina affixaThat part of the medial ependymal wall of the lateral ventricle of the embryonic brain that in later development becomes adherent to the superior surface of the thalamus and thus comes to form the floor of the central part of the lateral ventricle; it covers the thalamostriate and choroidal veins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamina alarisSynonym for alar lamina of neural tube ... The dorsal division of the lateral walls of the neural tube in the embryo; it gives rise to neurons relaying afferent impulses to higher centres; in the adult such neurons compose the sensory nuclei of the spinal cord and brainstem. ... Synonym: lamina alaris, alar plate of neural tube, dorsolateral plate of …
lamina arcus vertebraeSynonym for lamina of vertebral arch ... The flattened posterior portion of the vertebral arch extending between the pedicles and the midline, forming the dorsal wall of the vertebral foramen, and from the midline junction of which the spinous process extends. ... Synonym: lamina arcus vertebrae, neurapophysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamina basalisSynonym for basal lamina of neural tube ... The ventral division of the lateral walls of the neural tube in the embryo; it contains neuroblasts giving rise to somatic and visceral motor neurons. ... Synonym: lamina basalis, basal plate of neural tube, lamina ventralis, ventral plate of neural tube. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamina basalis choroideaeThe transparent, nearly structureless inner layer of the choroid in contact with the pigmented layer of the retina. ... Synonym: basal lamina of choroid, basal layer of choroid, Bruch's membrane, Henle's membrane, lamina vitrea, vitreous lamella, vitreous membrane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamina basalis corporis ciliarisSynonym for basal lamina of ciliary body ... The inner layer of the ciliary body, continuous with the basal layer of the choroid and supporting the pigment epithelium of the ciliary retina. ... Synonym: lamina basalis corporis ciliaris, basal layer of ciliary body. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamina basilaris cochleaeSynonym for basilar membrane ... A thin layer of tissue covered with mesothelial cells that separates the cochlea from the scala tympani in the ear. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
lamina cartilaginis cricoideaeSynonym for lamina of cricoid cartilage ... A quadrate plate forming the posterior part of the cricoid cartilage. It resembles the shield of a signet ring, the arch of the cricoid representing the remainder of the ring. ... Synonym: lamina cartilaginis cricoideae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamina cartilaginis thyroideaeSynonym for lamina of thyroid cartilage ... One of the paired (dextra et sinistra) thin quadrilateral plates of the thyroid cartilage that are joined anteriorly and form an open angle posteriorly. ... Synonym: lamina cartilaginis thyroideae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamina choriocapillarisSynonym for choriocapillary layer ... The internal layer of the choroidea of the eye, composed of a very close capillary network. ... Synonym: lamina choroidocapillaris, choriocapillaris, entochoroidea, lamina choriocapillaris, membrana choriocapillaris, Ruysch's membrane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamina choroideaSynonym for epithelial lamina ... The layer of modified ependymal cells that forms the inner layer of the tela choroidea, facing the ventricle. ... Synonym: lamina epithelialis, epithelial choroid layer, lamina choroidea epithelialis, lamina choroidea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamina choroidea epithelialisSynonym for epithelial lamina ... The layer of modified ependymal cells that forms the inner layer of the tela choroidea, facing the ventricle. ... Synonym: lamina epithelialis, epithelial choroid layer, lamina choroidea epithelialis, lamina choroidea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamina choroidocapillarisSynonym for choriocapillary layer ... The internal layer of the choroidea of the eye, composed of a very close capillary network. ... Synonym: lamina choroidocapillaris, choriocapillaris, entochoroidea, lamina choriocapillaris, membrana choriocapillaris, Ruysch's membrane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamina cinereaSynonym for lamina terminalis of cerebrum ... A thin plate passing upward from the optic chiasm and forming the rostral boundary of the third ventricle; membrane closing the rostral neuropore. ... Synonym: lamina terminalis cerebri, lamina cinerea, terminal plate, velum terminale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamina cribrosa ossis ethmoidalisSynonym for cribriform plate of ethmoid bone ... A horizontal lamina from which are suspended the labyrinth, on either side, and the lamina perpendicularis in the centre; it fits into the ethmoidal notch of the frontal bone and supports the olfactory lobes of the cerebrum, being pierced with numerous openings for the passage of the olfactory nerves. …
lamina cribrosa scleraeThe portion of the sclera through which pass the fibres of the optic nerve. ... Synonym: cribrous lamina, perforated layer of sclera. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamina densaThe electron-dense layer of the basal lamina as seen in the electron microscope. ... See: basement membrane. ... The extraordinarily thick basal lamina of the renal glomerulus. ... Synonym: basal lamina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamina dentatavestibular labium of limbus of spiral lamina ...
lamina dorsalisSynonym for alar lamina of neural tube ... The dorsal division of the lateral walls of the neural tube in the embryo; it gives rise to neurons relaying afferent impulses to higher centres; in the adult such neurons compose the sensory nuclei of the spinal cord and brainstem. ... Synonym: lamina alaris, alar plate of neural tube, dorsolateral plate of …
lamina duraThe hard layer lining the dental alveoli. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamina elastica anteriorSynonym for anterior limiting layer of cornea ... A transparent homogeneous acellular layer, 6 to 9 um thick, lying between the basal lamina of the outer layer of stratified epithelium and the substantia propria of the cornea; considered to be a basement membrane. ... Synonym: lamina limitans anterior corneae, anterior elastic layer, Bowman's membran …
lamina elastica posteriorElastic laminae of arteries, 1) external: the layer of elastic connective tissue lying immediately outside the smooth muscle of the tunica media; 2) internal: a fenestrated layer of elastic tissue of the tunica intima. ... Synonym: elastic layers of arteries, Henle's fenestrated elastic membrane, posterior limiting layer of cornea. ... (05 Mar 2000)< …
lamina episcleralisSynonym for episcleral lamina ... The delicate moveable layer of loose connective tissue between the external surface of the sclera and the fascial sheath of the eyeball. ... Synonym: lamina episcleralis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamina epithelialisSynonym for epithelial lamina ... The layer of modified ependymal cells that forms the inner layer of the tela choroidea, facing the ventricle. ... Synonym: lamina epithelialis, epithelial choroid layer, lamina choroidea epithelialis, lamina choroidea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamina externa craniiSynonym for outer table of skull ... The outer compact layer of the cranial bones. ... Synonym: lamina externa cranii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
lamina fibroreticularisA layer of the basement membrane in continuity with associated connective tissue; it is often discontinuous and may be lacking entirely in some cases. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
