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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

laryngeal mucosa
The mucous lining of the larynx; mainly stratified squamous epithelium in the upper part and ciliated columnar in the lower part of the larynx. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

laryngeal muscles
The intrinsic muscles of the larynx are the aryepiglottic(us), arytenoid(eus), cricoarytenoid(eus), cricothyroid(eus), thyroarytenoid(eus), thyroepiglottic(us) and vocal(is). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

laryngeal neoplasms
Cancers or tumours of the larynx or any of its parts: the glottis, epiglottis, laryngeal cartilages, laryngeal muscles, and vocal cords. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

laryngeal nerves
Branches of the vagus nerve (the tenth cranial nerve). The superior laryngeal nerves originate near the nodose ganglion and separate into external branches, which supply motor fibres to the cricothyroid muscles, and internal branches, which carry sensory fibres. The recurrent (inferior) laryngeal nerve originates more caudally and carries efferents …

laryngeal oedema
Oedema of any region of the larynx from a variety of causes. In the earliest stages it may be difficult to differentiate from infection, although mucosal injection and erythema are found more often in the latter. Allergic oedema may result as a response from provocation induced by foods, inhalants, and drugs. The entire respiratory tract or only an …

laryngeal papilloma
A warty growth in the larynx, ususally on the vocal cords. Persistent hoarseness is a common symptom. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

laryngeal papillomatosis
<radiology> most common laryngeal tumour in kids, probably viral, transbronchial spread: uncommonly (<5%) in patients with large, chronic papillomata, and multiple surgical procedures, nodular lung densities, thin-walled cavities (frequently RUL) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

laryngeal part of pharynx
Synonym for laryngopharynx ... The part of the pharynx lying below the aperture of the larynx and behind the larynx; it extends from the vestibule of the larynx to the oesophagus at the level of the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage. ... Synonym: pars laryngea pharyngis, hypopharynx, laryngeal part of pharynx, laryngeal pharynx. ... (05 Mar 200 …

laryngeal pharynx
Synonym for laryngopharynx ... The part of the pharynx lying below the aperture of the larynx and behind the larynx; it extends from the vestibule of the larynx to the oesophagus at the level of the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage. ... Synonym: pars laryngea pharyngis, hypopharynx, laryngeal part of pharynx, laryngeal pharynx. ... (05 Mar 200 …

laryngeal polyp
A polyp projecting from the surface of one of the vocal cords. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngeal pouch
Synonym for saccule of larynx ... A small diverticulum provided with mucous glands extending upward from the ventricle of the larynx between the vestibular fold and the lamina of the thyroid cartilage; it is a vestigial structure, being a much larger structure interdigitating with the neck musculature in some of the great apes where it serves as a r …

laryngeal prominence
The projection on the anterior portion of the neck formed by the thyroid cartilage of the larynx; serves as an external indication of the level of the fifth cervical vertebra. ... Synonym: prominentia laryngea, Adam's apple, protuberantia laryngea, thyroid eminence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngeal reflex
Synonym for cough reflex ... <chest medicine, neurology, physiology> The reflex which mediates coughing in response to irritation of the larynx or tracheobronchial tree. ... Synonym: laryngeal reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngeal sinus
Synonym for laryngeal ventricle ... The recess in each lateral wall of the larynx between the vestibular and vocal folds and into which the layrngeal sacculus opens. ... Synonym: ventriculus laryngis, laryngeal sinus, Morgagni's sinus, Morgagni's ventricle, sinus laryngeus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngeal stenosis
Narrowing or stricture of any or all areas of the larynx; may be congenital or acquired. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngeal stridor
Synonym for congenital stridor ... Crowing inspiration occurring at birth or within the first few months of life; sometimes without apparent cause and sometimes due to abnormal flaccidity of epiglottis or arytenoids. ... Synonym: laryngeal stridor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngeal syncope
A paroxysmal neurosis characterised by attacks of coughing, with unusual sensations, as of tickling, in the throat, followed by a brief period of unconsciousness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngeal tonsils
Synonym for folliculi lymphatici laryngei ... laryngeal lymphatic follicles ...

laryngeal veins
See: inferior laryngeal vein, superior laryngeal vein. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngeal ventricle
The recess in each lateral wall of the larynx between the vestibular and vocal folds and into which the layrngeal sacculus opens. ... Synonym: ventriculus laryngis, laryngeal sinus, Morgagni's sinus, Morgagni's ventricle, sinus laryngeus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngeal vertigo
Synonym for tussive syncope ... Fainting as a result of a coughing spell, caused by persistent increased intrathoracic pressure diminishing venous return to the heart, thus lowering cardiac output; most often occurs in heavy-set male smokers who have chronic bronchitis. ... Synonym: Charcot's vertigo, laryngeal vertigo. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngectomee
A person who has had his/her voice box removed surgically, usually for cancer. Present approaches to the treatment of such cancers focus on the preservation of the larynx. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

laryngectomy
<procedure, surgery> The surgical removal of the larynx. most often performed in cases of laryngeal cancer. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

larynges
Plural of larynx. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngismus
Spasm of the larynx. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

laryngismus stridulus
A spasmodic closure of the glottis, lasting a few seconds, followed by a noisy inspiration. ... Compare: laryngitis stridulosa. ... Synonym: pseudocroup, spasmus glottidis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngitic
Relating to or caused by laryngitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngitis
<pathology> Inflammation of the larynx, a condition attended with dryness and soreness of the throat, hoarseness, cough and dysphagia. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

laryngitis stridulosa
Catarrhal inflammation of the larynx in children, accompanied by night attacks of spasmodic closure of the glottis, causing inspiratory stridor. ... Synonym: spasmodic laryngitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngo-
The larynx. ... Origin: G. Larynx ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngocele
An air sac communicating with the larynx through the ventricle, often bulging outward into the tissue of the neck, especially during coughing. ... Origin: Laryngo-+ G. Kele, hernia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngofissure
Operative opening into the larynx, generally through the midline, commonly done for the excision of early carcinoma or the correction of laryngostenosis. ... Synonym: median laryngotomy, thyrofissure, thyroidotomy, thyrotomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngograph
An instrument for making a tracing of the movements of the vocal folds. ... Origin: Laryngo-+ G. Grapho, to write ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngography
Radiography of the larynx after coating mucosal surfaces with contrast material. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngomalacia
A soft floppy larynx. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

laryngoparalysis
Paralysis of the laryngeal muscles. ... Synonym: laryngoplegia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngopharyngeal
Relating to both larynx and pharynx or to the laryngopharynx. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngopharyngectomy
<procedure> Resection or excision of both larynx and pharynx. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngopharyngeus
S YN: inferior constrictor muscle of pharynx. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngopharyngitis
Inflammation of the larynx and pharynx. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngopharynx
The part of the pharynx lying below the aperture of the larynx and behind the larynx; it extends from the vestibule of the larynx to the oesophagus at the level of the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage. ... Synonym: pars laryngea pharyngis, hypopharynx, laryngeal part of pharynx, laryngeal pharynx. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngophthisis
Tuberculosis of the larynx. ... Origin: Laryngo-+ G. Phthisis, a wasting ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngoplasty
Reparative or plastic surgery of the larynx. ... Origin: Laryngo-+ G. Plasso, to form ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngoplegia
Synonym: laryngoparalysis. ... Origin: Laryngo-+ G. Plege, stroke ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngoptosis
An abnormally low position of the larynx at birth, which may be congenital or acquired; does not impair the health of the neonate. Some degree of laryngoptosis occurs with aging. ... Origin: Laryngo-+ G. Ptosis, a falling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngoscope
<instrument> An instrument used to examine the larynx. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

laryngoscopic
Relating to laryngoscopy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngoscopist
A person skilled in the use of the laryngoscope. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngoscopy
<procedure> The visualisation of the larynx and vocal cords. This may be done directly using a fibreoptic scope (laryngoscope) or indirectly using mirrors. ... See: fibreoptics. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

laryngospasm
The sudden acute spasm of the vocal cords (and epiglottis) that can result in occlusion of the airway and death. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

laryngospastic reflex
Synonym for laryngospasm ... The sudden acute spasm of the vocal cords (and epiglottis) that can result in occlusion of the airway and death. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

laryngostasis
More commonly known as croup. An infection of the larynx, trachea, and the bronchial tubes, largely in children. Caused usually by viruses, less often by bacteria. Symptoms include a cough that sounds like a barking seal and a harsh crowing sound during inhaling. Treatment can include moist air, salt water nose drops, decongestants and cough suppre …

laryngostenosis
Stricture or narrowing of the larynx. This condition may be developmental or acquired; with progressive respiratory difficulty as a symptom. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

laryngostomy
<procedure> The establishment of a permanent opening from the neck into the larynx. ... Origin: Laryngo-+ G. Stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngostroboscope
<instrument> Stroboscopic apparatus for observing the motion of the vocal folds during phonation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngotracheal diphtheria
Synonym for laryngeal diphtheria ... Diphtheria affecting the larynx, usually with asphyxiation due to obstruction of the airway by the membrane that forms, with fatal outcome. ... Synonym: laryngotracheal diphtheria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngotracheal diverticulum
A diverticulum from the floor of the caudal end of the pharynx which gives rise to the epithelium and glands of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. Once this diverticulum separates from the foregut, it is referred to as a tube. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngotracheal groove
The depression in the floor of the caudal end of the pharynx, continued downward on the ventral wall of the foregut; from it are developed the lower part of the larynx and the trachea, bronchi, and lungs. ... Synonym: tracheobronchial groove. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngotracheitis
Inflammation of both larynx and trachea. ... Avian infectious laryngotracheitis, a severe, specific, infectious disease of chickens and other birds, caused by avian herpesvirus 1; manifested by severe haemorrhagic inflammation of the trachea and upper air passages. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laryngotracheobronchitis
<pathology> A viral disease, often caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), which results upper respiratory symptoms such as a runny nose and a barky (seal-like) cough. Episodic difficulty in breathing can be quite dramatic in some cases. Attacks of croup are manifest by a loud noise when the individual inhales, known as stridor. In most …

larynx
(adj. Laryngeal) voice box. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

larynx, artificial
A device, activated electronically or by expired pulmonary air, which simulates laryngeal activity and enables a laryngectomised person to speak. Examples of the pneumatic mechanical device are the tokyo and van hunen artificial larynges. Electronic devices include the western electric electrolarynx, tait oral vibrator, cooper-rand electrolarynx an …

lasalocid
<chemical> 6-(7r-(5s-ethyl-5-(5r-ethyltetrahydro-5-hydroxy-6s-methyl- 2h-pyran-2r-yl)tetrahydro-3s-methyl-2s-furanyl)-4s-hydroxy- 3r,5s-dimethyl-6-oxononyl)-2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoic acid. Cationic ionophore antibiotic obtained from streptomyces lasaliensis that, among other effects, dissociates the calcium fluxes in muscle fibres. It is used …

lase
To cut, divide, or dissolve a substance, or to treat an anatomical structure, with a laser beam. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Lasegue
Ernest C., French physician, 1816-1883. ... See: Lasegue's disease, Lasegue's sign, Lasegue's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Lasegue's disease
An obsolete eponym for delusions of persecution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Lasegue's sign
<clinical sign> When patient is supine with hip flexed, dorsiflexion of the ankle causing pain or muscle spasm in the posterior thigh indicates lumbar root or sciatic nerve irritation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Lasegue's syndrome
<syndrome> In conversion hysteria, inability to move an anaesthetic limb, except under control of the sight. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laser
A medical instrument that produces a powerful beam of light and can produce intense heat when focused at close range. Lasers are often used in surgery to vaporize damaged cell tissue. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

laser angioplasty
<cardiology, procedure> A technique utilizing a laser coupled to a catheter which is used in the dilatation of occluded blood vessels. ... This includes laser thermal angioplasty where the laser energy heats up a metal tip, and direct laser angioplasty where the laser energy directly ablates the occlusion. One form of the latter approach uses …

laser coagulation
The coagulation of tissues using lasers. These lasers produce light in the visible green wavelength that is selectively absorbed by haemoglobin, and thus it is possible to seal bleeding blood vessels. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

laser fusion
<radiobiology> Form of inertial confinement fusion where laser beams are used to compress and heat the fuel pellet. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

laser interferometer
<radiobiology> An interferometer which uses a laser as a light source. Because of the monochromatic nature and high brightness of laser light, laser interferometers can operate with much longer beam paths and path differences than conventional interferometers. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

laser iridotomy
<procedure> Peripheral iridectomy as performed by laser.This is a refinement of the surgical technique devised in 1858 by von Graefe. In acute glaucoma the aqueous humor cannot flow freely around the lens and through the pupil to be absorbed in the angle of the anterior chamber. Laser peripheral iridectomy corrects this problem by producing a …

laser microscope
<instrument> A microscope in which a laser beam is focused on a microscopic field, causing it to vaporise; the emitted radiation is analyzed by means of a microspectrophotometer; at a low intensity the laser is employed as the light source in an interference microscope. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

laser surgery
A type of operation using the cutting powers of laser beams from various sources.

laser trabeculoplasty
An operation for glaucoma in which laser energy is applied to trabecular meshwork.a procedure in which a laser (usually argon) is used to create small openings in the trabecular network of the eye. This improves the flow of the aqueous humor and relieves pressure owed to open-angle glaucoma, although by what precise mechanism is not known. LTP has …

laser-assisted balloon angioplasty
<cardiology, procedure> Techniques using laser energy in combination with a balloon catheter to perform angioplasty. ... These procedures can take several forms including: ... 1. Laser fibre delivering the energy while the inflated balloon centres the fibre and occludes the blood flow. ... 2. Balloon angioplasty immediately following laser angio …

laser-doppler flowmetry
A method of non-invasive, continuous measurement of microcirculation. The technique is based on the values of the doppler effect of low-power laser light scattered randomly by static structures and moving tissue particulates. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lasering
The use of a laser beam to cut, divide, or dissolve a substance, or to treat an anatomical structure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lasers
Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. This phenomenon is brought about using devices that transform light of varying frequencies into a single intense, nearly nondivergent beam of monochromatic radiation in the visible region. Lasers operate in the visible, infrared, or ultraviolet regions of the spectrum. They are capable of pro …

lash
An eyelash. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Lash, Abraham Fae
<person> U.S. Obstetrician-gynecologist, *1898. ... See: Lash's operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Lash's operation
Removal of a wedge of the internal cervical os with suturing of the internal os into a tighter canal structure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Lasiohelea
A genus of small bloodsucking gnats. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lassa fever
A severe form of epidemic fever first identified in Lassa, Nigeria. It is caused by the Lassa virus, a member of Arenaviridae. The illness is characterised by high fever, sore throat, muscle aches, skin rash (with haemorrhages), headache, abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhoea. A rat serves as a reservoir for the illness, but person to person trans …

lassa haemorrhagic fever
Synonym for lassa fever ... A severe form of epidemic fever first identified in Lassa, Nigeria. It is caused by the Lassa virus, a member of Arenaviridae. The illness is characterised by high fever, sore throat, muscle aches, skin rash (with haemorrhages), headache, abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhoea. A rat serves as a reservoir for the illness, …

Lassa virus
<virology> Virulent and highly transmissible arenavirus whose normal host is a rodent Mastomys natalensis), first recorded from Nigeria. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

lassitude
Weakness, exhaustion. ... Origin: L. Lassitudo = weariness ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

lasso
Origin: Sp. Lazo, L. Laqueus. See Lace. ... A rope or long thong of leather with, a running noose, used for catching horses, cattle, etc. ... <zoology> Lasso cell, one of a peculiar kind of defensive and offensive stinging cells, found in great numbers in all coelenterates, and in a few animals of other groups. They are most highly developed in …

last
1. A load; a heavy burden; hence, a certain weight or measure, generally estimated at 4,000 lbs, but varying for different articles and in different countries. In England, a last of codfish, white herrings, meal, or ashes, is twelve barrels; a last of corn, ten quarters, or eighty bushels, in some parts of England, twenty-one quarters; of gunpowder …

latah
One of the pathological startle syndromes. A culture bound disorder characterised by an exaggerated physical response to being startled or to unexpected suggestion, the subjects involuntarily uttering cries or executing movements in response to command or in imitation of what they hear or see in others. ... See: jumping disease. ... Origin: Malay, ti …

Latarget
Andre, French anatomist, 1877-1947. ... See: Latarget's nerve, Latarget's vein. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Latarget's nerve
<anatomy, nerve> Terminal branch of anterior vagal trunk which runs along lesser curvature of the stomach to within a few centimeters of the gastroduodenal junction, but apparently never reaching the pyloric sphincter. ... Synonym: superior hypogastric plexus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Latarget's vein
Synonym for prepyloric vein ... <anatomy, vein> A tributary of the right gastric vein that passes anterior to the pylorus at its junction with the duodenum. ... Synonym: vena prepylorica, Latarget's vein, Mayo's vein. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

late apical systolic murmur
A murmur previously considered benign, or even extracardiac, with a possible relationship to pericardial disease; it often represents mitral insufficiency, often localised and of moderate severity but with propensity for developing bacterial endocarditis, and is frequently associated with systolic click and mitral prolapse (Barlow syndrome; a ballo …

late benign syphilis
Late syphilis, manifested by serologic evidence of infection, but without any clinical manifestations. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

late cyanosis
cyanose tardive ...

late deceleration
Any transient foetal bradycardia, the nadir of which occurs after the peak of the uterine contraction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

late diastole
Synonym for presystole ... That part of diastole immediately preceding systole. ... Synonym: late diastole. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...