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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

left pulmonary artery
<anatomy, artery> The shorter of the two terminal branches of the pulmonary trunk, it pierces the pericardium to enter the hilum of the left lung. Its branches accompany the segmental and subsegmental bronchi. Branches to the superior lobe (rami lobi superioris ) are apical (ramus apicalis ), anterior ascending (ramus anterior ascendens ), an …

left sagittal fissure
A sagittal groove on the undersurface of the liver formed by the fissura ligamenti teretis anteriorly and the fissura ligamenti venosi posteriorly. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

left superior intercostal vein
<anatomy, vein> The vein formed by the union of the left second, third, and fourth intercostal veins; it passes forward across the arch of the aorta to empty into the left brachiocephalic vein and frequently communicates also with the accessory hemiazygos vein. ... Synonym: vena intercostalis superior sinistra. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

left superior pulmonary vein
The vein returning oxygenated blood from the left superior lobe of the lung to the left atrium. ... Synonym: vena pulmonalis superior sinistra. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

left suprarenal vein
<anatomy, vein> The vein from the hilum of the left suprarenal gland that passes downward to open into the left renal vein; it usually is joined by the left inferior phrenic vein. ... Synonym: vena suprarenalis sinistra. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

left testicular vein
<anatomy, vein> Vein conveying blood from the left testis, originating as the pampiniform plexus and entering the left renal vein. ... Synonym: vena testicularis sinistra. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

left triangular ligament
<anatomy> A triangular fold of fibrous connective tissue and peritoneum that extends from the left lobe of the liver to the diaphragm. ... Synonym: ligamentum triangulare sinistrum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

left umbilical vein
<anatomy, vein> The vein that returns the blood from the placenta to the foetus; traversing the umbilical cord, it enters the foetal body at the umbilicus and passes thence into the liver, where it is joined by the portal vein; its blood then flows by way of the ductus venosus and the inferior vena cava to the right atrium. ... Synonym: vena u …

left ventricle
<anatomy> The muscular chamber of the heart which accepts blood from the left atrium and ejects it into the aorta to the systemic circulation. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

left ventricular ejection time
The time measured clinically from onset to incisural notch of the carotid or other pulse; properly the time of ejection of blood from the left ventricle beginning with aortic valve opening and ending with aortic valve closure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

left ventricular failure
<cardiology> A disorder where the left side of the heart fails to pump blood effectively. This results in a back flow (and pressure) and congestion of blood into the lungs. The causes of this condition include, valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy, anaemia, hyperthyroidism, atrial myxoma, drug toxicity and congenital heart disease. Risk fac …

left ventricular hypertrophy
<radiology> Coarctation, aortic stenosis ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

left ventricular myomectomy
<procedure> Resection of myocardial tissue used in cases of idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

left ventricular volume overload
<radiology> VSD, patent ductus arteriosus, mitral incompetence, aortic incompetence ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

left-footed
Synonym for sinistropedal ... Denoting one who uses the left leg by preference. ... Synonym: left-footed. ... Origin: sinistro-+ L. Pes (ped-), foot ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

left-handed
1. Having the left hand or arm stronger and more dexterous than the right; using the left hand and arm with more dexterity than the right. ... 2. Clumsy; awkward; unlucky; insincere; sinister; malicious; as, a left-handed compliment. 'The commendations of this people are not always left-handed and detractive.' (Landor) ... 3. Having a direction contr …

left-sided appendicitis
Appendicitis occurring on the left side of the abdomen, usually the left-lower quadrant, due to abnormal rotation of the gut (such as situs inversus). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

left-sided heart failure
Inability of the left heart to maintain its circulatory load with corresponding rise in pressure in the pulmonary circulation usually with pulmonary congestion and ultimately pulmonary oedema. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

left-sidedness
The normal left-sided location of certain unpaired organs, such as the spleen and most of the stomach. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

left-to-right shunt
A diversion of blood from the left side of the heart to right (as through a septal defect), or from the systemic circulation to the pulmonary (as through a patent ductus arteriosus). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

left-to-right shunts
<radiology> Atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, aorticopulmonary window, endocardial cushion defect, partial anomalous pulmonary venous return ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

left-ventricular assist device
Mechanical pump inserted at some point in the circulation to parallel the activity of the left ventricle and thereby reduce its load. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

leg
1. A limb or member of an animal used for supporting the body, and in running, climbing, and swimming; especially, that part of the limb between the knee and foot. ... 2. That which resembles a leg in form or use; especially, any long and slender support on which any object rests; as, the leg of a table; the leg of pair of compasses or dividers. ... …

leg bones
The bones of the lower extremity in man and of any of the four extremities in animals. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

leg dermatoses
A non-specific term used to denote any cutaneous lesion or group of lesions, or eruptions of any type on the leg. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

leg injuries
General or unspecified injuries involving the leg. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

leg length inequality
A condition in which one of a pair of legs fails to grow as long as the other. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

leg lift
An exercise designed to strengthen the quadriceps muscles. The patient lies on their back and lifts one leg at a time with a slightly flexed knee joint. The application of light ankle weights can augment this exercise in those who have reached a desirable level of conditioning. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

leg of antihelix
Synonym for crus of antihelix ... One of two ridges, inferior and superior, bounding the fossa triangularis, by which the antihelix begins at the upper part of the auricle. ... Synonym: crus anthelicis, leg of antihelix. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

leg phenomenon
Synonym for Pool's phenomenon ... In tetany, spasm both of the extensor muscles of the knee and of the calf muscles when the extended leg is flexed at the hip. ... Synonym: leg phenomenon, Pool-Schlesinger sign, Schlesinger's sign. ... In tetany, contraction of the arm muscles following the stretching of the brachial plexus by elevation of the arm abo …

leg ulcer
Ulceration of the skin and underlying structures of the lower extremity. About 90% of the cases are due to venous insufficiency (varicose ulcer), 5% to arterial disease, and the remaining 5% to other causes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

legacy
Pl.Legacies. [L. (assumed) legatia, for legatum, from legare to appoint by last will, to bequeath as a legacy, to depute: cf. OF. Legat legacy. See Legate. ... 1. A gift of property by will, especially. Of money or personal property; a bequest. Also Fig.; as, a legacy of dishonor or disease. ... 2. A business with which one is intrusted by another; a …

legal
1. Created by, permitted by, in conformity with, or relating to, law; as, a legal obligation; a legal standard or test; a legal procedure; a legal claim; a legal trade; anything is legal which the laws do not forbid. ... 2. According to the law of works, as distinguished from free grace; or resting on works for salvation. According to the old or Mos …

legal blindness
Generally, visual acuity of less than 6/60 or 20/200 using Snellen test types, or visual field restriction to 20° or less in the better eye; the criteria used to define legal blindness vary among different groups. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

legal brief
A detailed statement of the points of a client's case in a trial at law, giving the legal arguments, main content of a case, supporting statements, evidence, prior decisions, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

legal dentistry
Synonym for forensic dentistry ... The application of dental knowledge to questions of law. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

legal guardians
Individuals who are legally designated to care for persons who are considered legally incapable of acting in behalf of themselves, e.g., minors and mental incompetents. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

legal medicine
Synonym for forensic medicine ... The application of medical knowledge to questions of law. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Legal, Emmo
<person> German physician, 1859-1922. ... See: Legal's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Legal's test
A test for acetone; the urine is rendered alkaline by a few drops of a solution of potassium hydroxide, and to this are added 2 or 3 drops of a freshly prepared 10% solution of sodium nitroprusside; it is coloured red, then yellow; then a few drops of acetic acid are trickled down the side of the test tube and at the line of junction of the two flu …

legation
1. The sending forth or commissioning one person to act for another. 'The Divine legation of Moses.' ... 2. A legate, or envoy, and the persons associated with him in his mission; an embassy; or, in stricter usage, a diplomatic minister and his suite; a deputation. ... 3. The place of business or official residence of a diplomatic minister at a forei …

Legendre, Gaston
<person> French physician, *1887. ... See: Legendre's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Legendre's sign
<clinical sign> In facial hemiplegia of central origin, when the examiner raises the lids of the actively closed eyes the resistance is less on the affected side. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease
Synonym for Perthes disease ... <orthopaedics> A disorder characterised by the deterioration of the head of the femur in the hip joint, due to its insufficient blood supply. This disorder occurs most frequently in boys aged 5 to 10 years and tends to run in families. ... Symptoms include thigh pain, hip pain, knee pain, atrophy of muscles in th …

Legg-Perthes disease
Synonym for Perthes disease ... <orthopaedics> A disorder characterised by the deterioration of the head of the femur in the hip joint, due to its insufficient blood supply. This disorder occurs most frequently in boys aged 5 to 10 years and tends to run in families. ... Symptoms include thigh pain, hip pain, knee pain, atrophy of muscles in th …

Legg, Arthur
<person> U.S. Surgeon, 1874-1939. ... See: Legg-Calve-Perthes disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

leghaemoglobin
<plant biology> Form of haemoglobin found in the nitrogen fixing root nodules of legumes. Binds oxygen and thus protects the nitrogen fixing enzyme, nitrogenase, that is oxygen sensitive. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

leghemoglobin
A haemoglobin-like oxygen-binding haemprotein present in the nitrogen-fixing root nodules of leguminous plants. The red pigment has a molecular weight approximately 1/4 that of haemoglobin and has been suggested to act as an oxido-reduction catalyst in symbiotic nitrogen fixation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

legionaire's disease
A disease (first identified at the 1976 american legion convention) due to bacteria (legionella) found in plumbing, shower heads and water-storage tanks. Outbreaks of legionella pneumonia have been attributed to evaporative condensors and cooling towers. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Legionella
<bacteria> Genus of gram-negative asporogenous bacteria. most species are pathogenic in humans, causing pneumonia like disease, for example Legionnaire's disease, named after an outbreak in Philadelphia amongst members of an American Legion reunion. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

Legionella bozemanii
A species that causes human pneumonia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Legionella dumoffii
A species implicated in pneumonia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Legionella feeleii
A species implicated in pneumonia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Legionella gormanii
A species implicated in pneumonia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Legionella longbeachae
A species implicated in pneumonia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Legionella micdadei
A species that causes Pittsburgh pneumonia, a variant of Legionnaires' disease. Accounts for approximately 60% of Legionella pneumonias other than those caused by Legionella pneumophila. ... Synonym: Pittsburgh pneumonia agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

legionella pneumophila
A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria that is the causative agent of legionnaires' disease. It has been isolated from numerous environmental sites as well as from human lung tissue, respiratory secretions, and blood. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Legionella wadsworthii
A species implicated in pneumonia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Legionellaceae
<bacteria> A family of disease-causing gram-negative aquatic aerobic flagellated rod-shaped bacteria. Diseases caused by members of this family includes Legionnaire's disease. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

legionellosis
Infections with bacteria of the genus legionella. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

legionnaire's disease
<infectious disease> An acute bacterial respiratory illness caused by the gram-negative bacterium Legionella pneumophila, a member of the family Legionellaceae. ... The illness results in a serious pneumonia and begins with flu-like symptoms, then moves on to high fever, shaking chills, headaches, diarrhoea, pneumonia, and pleurisy. I can be f …

legionnaires' disease
An acute, sometimes fatal, pneumonia-like bacterial infection characterised by high fever, malaise, muscle aches, respiratory disorders and headache. It is named for an outbreak at the 1976 philadelphia convention of the american legion. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

legislation
The enactment of laws and ordinances and their regulation by official organs of a nation, state, or other legislative organization. It refers also to health-related laws and regulations in general or for which there is no specific heading. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

legislation, dental
Laws and regulations pertaining to the field of dentistry, proposed for enactment or recently enacted by a legislative body. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

legislation, drug
Laws concerned with manufacturing, dispensing, and marketing of drugs. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

legislation, food
Laws and regulations concerned with industrial processing and marketing of foods. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

legislation, hospital
Laws and regulations concerning hospitals, which are proposed for enactment or enacted by a legislative body. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

legislation, medical
Laws and regulations, pertaining to the field of medicine, proposed for enactment or enacted by a legislative body. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

legislation, nursing
Laws and regulations, pertaining to the field of nursing, proposed for enactment by a legislative body. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

legislation, pharmacy
Laws and regulations, pertaining to the field of pharmacy, proposed for enactment or enacted by a legislative body. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

legislation, veterinary
Laws and regulations, pertaining to the field of veterinary medicine, proposed for enactment or enacted by a legislative body. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

legume
A member of the pea family (Fabaceae) that possesses root nodules containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

legumes
The large family of plants, leguminosae, including many with edible parts. most species harbor nitrogen-fixing bacteria on their roots. Several species, like the vetches, cause lathyrism, favism, and other forms of poisoning of cattle or people. Other species yield useful materials like gums from acacia and various lectins like phytohemagglutinin f …

legumin
<plant biology> Major storage protein of the seeds of peas and other legumes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

leguminivorous
Feeding on beans, peas, and other legumes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Lehmann, J
<person> Orla, Swedish physician, *1927. ... See: Borjeson-Forssman-Lehmann syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Leichtenstern, Otto
<person> German physician, 1845-1900. ... See: Leichtenstern's phenomenon, Leichtenstern's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Leichtenstern's phenomenon
Synonym for Leichtenstern's sign ... <clinical sign> Tapping gently one of the bones of the extremities causes the patient to draw back violently, sometimes with a loud cry; noted in cases of cerebrospinal meningitis. ... Synonym: Leichtenstern's phenomenon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Leichtenstern's sign
<clinical sign> Tapping gently one of the bones of the extremities causes the patient to draw back violently, sometimes with a loud cry; noted in cases of cerebrospinal meningitis. ... Synonym: Leichtenstern's phenomenon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Leidig cell
Synonym for leydig cells ... Cells in the interstitial tissue of the testis that are believed to furnish the internal secretion of that gland. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

leigh disease
A disease of pyruvate metabolism manifesting in infancy with psychomotor retardation, dysphagia, hypotonia, ataxia, weakness, external ophthalmoplegia, vision loss, hearing loss, and convulsions. It was described by leigh in 1951 and is now thought to be an inherited enzyme defect. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Leigh, Denis
<person> British psychiatrist, *1915. ... See: Leigh's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Leigh's disease
Subacute encephalomyelopathy affecting infants, causing dementia, spasticity, and optic atrophy; autosomal recessive inheritance. ... Synonym: necrotizing encephalomyelopathy, necrotizing encephalopathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Leiner, Karl
<person> Austrian paediatrician, 1871-1930. ... See: Leiner's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Leiner's disease
Synonym for erythroderma desquamativum ... Severe, extensive seborrheic dermatitis with exfoliative dermatitis, generalised lymphoadenopathy, and diarrhoea in the newborn; frequently occurs in undernourished, cachectic children. ... Synonym: Leiner's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

leio-
Smooth. ... Origin: G. Leios ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

leiodermia
Smooth, glossy skin. ... Origin: Leio-+ G. Derma, skin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

leiomyofibroma
Synonym for fibroleiomyoma ... <tumour> A leiomyoma containing non-neoplastic collagenous fibrous tissue, which may make the tumour hard; fibroleiomyoma usually arises in the myometrium, and the proportion of fibrous tissue increases with age. ... Synonym: fibroid, leiomyofibroma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

leiomyoma
<gynaecology, tumour> Benign uterine tumours also referred to as uterine fibroids. Uterine fibroids can cause pelvic pain and irregular vaginal bleeding in some females. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

leiomyoma cutis
Cutaneous eruption of multiple small painful nodules composed of smooth muscle fibres; derived from arrector muscles of hair. ... Synonym: dermatomyoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

leiomyoma, epithelioid
A relatively rare smooth muscle tumour found most frequently in the wall of the gastrointestinal tract, especially in the stomach. It is similar to other smooth muscle tumours but may become very large and haemorrhage and exhibit small cystic areas. Simple excision is almost always curative. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

leiomyomata
<gynaecology, tumour> Multiple leiomyomas, often referred to as uterine fibroids. Uterine fibroids can cause pelvic pain and irregular vaginal bleeding in some females. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

leiomyomatosis
The state of having multiple leiomyomas throughout the body. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

leiomyomectomy
<procedure> Surgical resection of a leiomyoma, usually of the uterus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

leiomyosarcoma
A malignant tumour of smooth muscle origin. Smooth muscle is the major structural component of most hollow internal organs and the walls of blood vessels. Can occur almost anywhere in the body but is most frequent in the uterus and gastrointestinal tract. Complete surgical excision, if possible, is the treatment of choice. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

leiotonin
<cell biology> Smooth muscle analogue of troponin. Two subunits, leiotonins A and C, the latter similar in size and homologous, to calmodulin and troponin C. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

leiotrichous
Having straight hair. ... Origin: Leio-+ G. Thrix, hair ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

leipoa
<ornithology> A genus of Australian gallinaceous birds including but a single species (Leipoa ocellata), about the size of a turkey. Its colour is variegated, drown, black, white, and gray. Called also native pheasant. ... It makes large mounds of sand and vegetable material, in which its eggs are laid to be hatched by the heat of the decompos …

Leipzig yellow
Synonym for chrome yellow ... A fine yellow powder used in paints and dyes. ... Synonym: lead chromate, Leipzig yellow, lemon yellow, Paris yellow. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Leishman stain
<pathology, procedure> Romanovsky type stain, a mixture of basic and acid dyes used to stain blood smears and that differentially stains various classes of leucocytes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...