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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

lens subluxation
Incomplete rupture of the zonule with the displaced lens remaining behind the pupil. In dislocation, or complete rupture, the lens is displaced forward into the anterior chamber or backward into the vitreous body. When congenital, this condition is known as ectopia lentis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lens sutures
Synonym for radii lentis ... 9 to 12 faint lines on the anterior and posterior surfaces of the lens that radiate from the poles toward the equator; they mark the lines along which the ends of lens fibres abut. ... Synonym: lens stars, lens sutures. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lens vesicle
In the embryo, the ectodermal invagination that forms opposite the optic cup; it is the primordium of the lens of the eye. ... Synonym: lenticular vesicle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lens-induced uveitis
Synonym for phacoanaphylactic uveitis ... Intraocular inflammation occurring after extracapsular cataract extraction;probably an immune reaction to the patient's liberated lenticular proteins. ... Synonym: lens-induced uveitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lens, Bertrand
<microscopy> A small convergent lens placed between objectives and eyepiece. The lens focuses an image of the upper focal plane of the objective on the focal plane of the eyepiece. It is chiefly used with polarized light for inspecting the interference figure. It is also convenient for quickly verifying centreing, size, and uniform illuminati …

lens, compound
<microscopy> A lens composed of two or more separate pieces of glass or other optical maternal. These component pieces or elements may or may not be cemented together. A common form of compound lens is a two-element objective, one element being a converging lens of crown glass and the other a diverging lens of flint glass. The combination of …

lens, crystalline
The transparent biconvex body of the eye situated between the posterior chamber and the vitreous body, constituting part of the refracting mechanism of the eye. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lens, eye
<microscopy> The lens in an eyepiece nearest to the eye. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

lens, magnetic
<microscopy> Circular electromagnets capable of projecting a precise circular magnetic field in a specified region. The field acts like an optical lens, having the same attributes (focal length angle of divergence etc.) and errors (spherical aberration, chromatic aberration, astigmatism etc.). They are used to focus and steer electrons in an …

lens, negative
<microscopy> A lens that is thicker on the edges than in the centre, and which causes parallel light rays to diverge. ... Synonym: diverging lens. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

lens, simple
<microscopy> A glass disk ground and polished with a spherical figure on one side and a plano, concave, or convex configuration on the other side. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

lensectomy
<procedure> Removal of the lens of the eye by an infusion-aspiration cutter; often done by puncture incision through the pars plana in the course of vitrectomy. ... Origin: Lens + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lenses
Pieces of glass or other transparent materials used for magnification or increased visual acuity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lenses, intraocular
Artificial implanted lenses. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lensometer
An instrument to measure the power and cylindrical axis of a spectacle lens. ... Synonym: focimeter, vertometer. ... Origin: Lens + G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lensopathy
The process by which tear proteins are deposited on a contact lens. ... Origin: Lens + G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lente insulin
Synonym for insulin zinc suspension ... A sterile buffered suspension with zinc chloride, containing 40 or 80 units per ml; the solid phase of the suspension consists of a mixture of 7 parts of crystalline insulin and 3 parts of amorphous insulin. ... Synonym: lente insulin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lenticel
A loosely-packed mass of cells in the bark of a woody plant, visible on the surface of a stem as a raised powdery spot, through which gaseous exchange occurs. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

lenticonus
Conical projection of the anterior or posterior surface of the lens of the eye, occurring as a developmental anomaly. ... Origin: Lens + L. Conus, cone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lenticular
1. <anatomy> Pertaining to or shaped like a lens. ... 2. <ophthalmology> Pertaining to the crystalline lens of the eye. ... 3. <neurology> Pertaining to the lenticular nucleus. ... Origin: L. Lenticularis ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

lenticular ansa
Synonym for lenticular loop ... The pallidal efferent fibres curving around the medial border of the internal capsule. ... Synonym: ansa lenticularis, lenticular ansa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lenticular apophysis
Synonym for lenticular process of incus ... A knob at the tip of the long limb of the incus which articulates with the stapes. ... Synonym: processus lenticularis incudis, lenticular apophysis, lenticular bone, orbicular bone, orbicular process, orbiculare, os orbiculare, os sylvii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lenticular astigmatism
Astigmatism due to defect in the curvature, position, or index of refraction of the lens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lenticular bone
Synonym for lenticular process of incus ... A knob at the tip of the long limb of the incus which articulates with the stapes. ... Synonym: processus lenticularis incudis, lenticular apophysis, lenticular bone, orbicular bone, orbicular process, orbiculare, os orbiculare, os sylvii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lenticular capsule
Synonym for lens capsule ... The capsule enclosing the lens of the eye. ... Synonym: capsula lentis, crystalline capsule, lenticular capsule, phacocyst. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lenticular colony
A bacterial colony shaped like a lentil or a double-convex lens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lenticular fasciculus
The pallidal efferent fibres that cross the internal capsule and are insinuated between the subthalamic nucleus and zona incerta; they join in the formation of the thalamic fasciculus. ... See: lenticular loop. ... Synonym: fasciculus lenticularis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lenticular fossa
Synonym for hyaloid fossa ... A depression on the anterior surface of the vitreous body in which lies the lens. ... Synonym: fossa hyaloidea, lenticular fossa, patellar fossa of vitreous. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lenticular ganglion
Synonym for ciliary ganglion ... <anatomy, neurology> Neural crest derived ganglion acting as relay between parasympathetic neurons of the oculomotor nucleus in the midbrain and the muscles regulating the diameter of the pupil of the eye. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

lenticular knife
A scraper resembling a sharp spoon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lenticular loop
The pallidal efferent fibres curving around the medial border of the internal capsule. ... Synonym: ansa lenticularis, lenticular ansa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lenticular nucleus
Lentiform nucleus, the large cone-shaped mass of gray matter forming the central core of the cerebral hemisphere. The convex base of the cone, oriented laterally and rostrally, is formed by the putamen which together with the caudate nucleus composes the striatum; the apical part, oriented medially and caudally, consists of the two segments of the …

lenticular papillae
Synonym for folliculi linguales ... Collections of lymphoid tissue in the mucosa of the pharyngeal part of the tongue posterior to the terminal sulcus collectively forming the lingual tonsil. ... Synonym: lenticular papillae, lingual follicles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lenticular process of incus
A knob at the tip of the long limb of the incus which articulates with the stapes. ... Synonym: processus lenticularis incudis, lenticular apophysis, lenticular bone, orbicular bone, orbicular process, orbiculare, os orbiculare, os sylvii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lenticular progressive degeneration
Synonym for Wilson's disease ... <gastroenterology, neurology> An inherited (autosomal recessive) disorder where there is excessive quantities of copper in the tissues, particularly the liver and central nervous system. Wilson's disease causes the body to absorb and retain copper. The copper deposits in the liver, brain, kidneys and eyes. Comp …

lenticular syphilid
Eruption of flattened, dull reddish papules, 5 mm to 1 cm in diameter, occurring in secondary syphilis. ... Synonym: flat papular syphilid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lenticular vesicle
Synonym for lens vesicle ... In the embryo, the ectodermal invagination that forms opposite the optic cup; it is the primordium of the lens of the eye. ... Synonym: lenticular vesicle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lenticulo-optic
Relating to the lentiform nucleus and the optic tract; specifically refers to branches of the middle cerebral artery considered to supply these structures. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lenticulopapular
Indicating an eruption with dome-shaped or lens-shaped papules. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lenticulostriate
Relating to the lenticular nucleus and the caudate nucleus; specifically refers to branches of the middle cerebral artery supplying these gray masses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lenticulostriate arteries
Any one of a variety of small artery's entering the base of the brain through the anterior perforated substance and supplying the striatum, globus pallidus, and internal capsule; most of these perforating arteries are branches of the M1 segment (clinical terminology) of the middle cerebral and and (rarely) of the anterior choroidal artery. ... Synon …

lenticulothalamic
Pertaining to the lentiform (lenticular) nucleus and the thalamus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lenticulus
Seldom-used term for an intraocular lens prosthesis placed in the anterior or posterior chamber of the eye, or attached to the iris after cataract extraction. ... Synonym: prosthetophacos, pseudophacos. ... Origin: L. Dim. Of lens, lentis, a little lens ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lentiform
Lens-shaped. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lentiform bone
Synonym for pisiform bone ... A small bone resembling a pea in size and shape, in the proximal row of the carpus, lying on the anterior surface of the triquetral with which alone it articulates; it gives insertion to the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle. ... Synonym: os pisiforme, lentiform bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lentigines
Plural of lentigo. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lentiginosis
Presence of lentigenes in very large numbers or in a distinctive configuration. ... Centrofacial lentiginosis, uncommon autosomal dominant syndrome of small hyperpigmented macules in a horizontal band across the centre of the face at one year, increasing in number up to ten years, and associated with skeletal and neural defects. ... Generalised lenti …

lentiglobus
Rare congenital anomaly with a spheroid elevation on the posterior surface of the lens of the eye. ... Origin: Lens + L. Globus, sphere ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lentigo
<dermatology> A skin disorder seen with aging (or sun exposure) where there are flat patches of increased pigmentation on the skin. They are nonserious, benign and generally more important cosmetically. The most commonly appear on sun exposed areas such as the forehead and the back of the hands. Avoidance of the sun and the use of a sunscreen …

lentigo maligna
A brown or black mottled, irregularly outlined, slowly enlarging lesion resembling a lentigo in which there are increased numbers of scattered atypical melanocytes in the epidermis, usually occurring on the face of older persons; after many years the dermis may be invaded and the lesion is then termed lentigo maligna melanoma. ... Synonym: Hutchinso …

lentil
<botany> A leguminous plant of the genus Ervum (Ervum Lens), of small size, common in the fields in Europe. Also, its seed, which is used for food on the continent. ... The lentil of the Scriptures probably included several other vetchlike plants. ... <zoology> Lentil shell, a small bivalve shell of the genus Ervillia, family Tellinidae.< …

lentinan
<chemical> Polysaccharide isolated from the edible mushroom lentinus edodes, of which the exact composition unknown. It has been proposed as an antineoplastic agent. ... Chemical name: Lentinan ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Lentivirinae
<organism, virology> Subfamily of nononcogenic retroviruses that cause slow diseases that are characterised by horizontal transmission, long incubation periods and chronic progressive phases. Visna virus is in this group and there are similarities between visna, equine infectious anaemia virus and HIV. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

lentivirus
A genus of the family retroviridae consisting of non-oncogenic retroviruses that produce multi-organ diseases characterised by long incubation periods and persistent infection. Lentiviruses are unique in that they contain open reading frames (orfs) between the pol and env genes and in the 3' env region. Five serogroups are recognised, reflecting th …

lentivirus infections
Virus diseases caused by the lentivirus genus. They are multi-organ diseases characterised by long incubation periods and persistent infection. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lentiviruses, bovine
A subgenus of lentivirus comprising viruses that produce multi-organ disease with long incubation periods in cattle. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lentiviruses, equine
A subgenus of lentivirus comprising viruses that produce multi-organ disease with long incubation periods in horses. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lentiviruses, feline
A subgenus of lentivirus comprising viruses that produce multi-organ disease with long incubation periods in cats. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lentiviruses, ovine-caprine
A subgenus of lentivirus comprising viruses that produce multi-organ disease with long incubation periods in sheep and goats. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lentiviruses, primate
A subgenus of lentivirus comprising viruses that produce immunodeficiencies in primates, including humans. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lentogenic
Denoting the virulence of a virus capable of inducing lethal infection in embryonic hosts after a long incubation period and an inapparent infection in immature and adult hosts; the term is used in characterizing Newcastle disease virus, particularly strains used as vaccines administered in water or as sprays. ... Origin: L. Lentus, sluggish, inacti …

lentoid
<cell culture, pathology> Spherical cluster of retinal cells, formed by aggregation in vitro, that has a core of lens like cells inside which accumulate proteins characteristic of normal lens. ... The cells concerned derive from retinal glial cells. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

lentula
Lentulo ... A motorised, flexible, spiral wire instrument used in dentistry to apply paste filling material into the root canal(s) of a tooth. ... Origin: L. Lentus, pliant, flexible ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Leonardo Da Vinci
Synonym for Da Vinci, Leonardo ... <person> Renaissance artists began to study the human body with great interest and sever their relations from stylised medical art, thus the progress of teaching anatomy was correlated to art. Artists even bought their pigments from the apothecaries and so became closer with the physicians. ... A Veronese anat …

leonine facies
Synonym for leontiasis ... The ridges and furrows on the forehead and cheeks of patients with advanced lepromatous leprosy, giving a leonine appearance. ... Synonym: leonine facies. ... Origin: G. Leon (leont-), lion ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

leontiasis
The ridges and furrows on the forehead and cheeks of patients with advanced lepromatous leprosy, giving a leonine appearance. ... Synonym: leonine facies. ... Origin: G. Leon (leont-), lion ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

leontiasis ossea
<radiology> Form of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, involves skull and facial bones ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

leopard
<zoology> A large, savage, carnivorous mammal (Felis leopardus). It is of a yellow or fawn colour, with rings or roselike clusters of black spots along the back and sides. It is found in Southern Asia and Africa. By some the panther (Felis pardus) is regarded as a variety of leopard. Hunting leopard. See Cheetah. ... <zoology> Leopard ca …

leopard fundus
Synonym for tessellated fundus ... A normal fundus to which a deeply pigmented choroid gives the appearance of dark polygonal areas between the choroidal vessels, especially in the periphery. ... Synonym: fundus tigre, leopard fundus, leopard retina, mosaic fundus, tigroid fundus, tigroid retina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

leopard retina
Synonym for tessellated fundus ... A normal fundus to which a deeply pigmented choroid gives the appearance of dark polygonal areas between the choroidal vessels, especially in the periphery. ... Synonym: fundus tigre, leopard fundus, leopard retina, mosaic fundus, tigroid fundus, tigroid retina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

leopard syndrome
<syndrome> An autosomal dominant inherited disorder characterised by freckle-like spots (lentigines) on the trunk. ... Other findings may include wide set eyes, sternum abnormalities, prominent ears, deafness, cafe-au-lait spots, pulmonary stenosis, cryptorchidism, delayed puberty or hypogonadism. There is no treatment available only underlyin …

Leopold
Christian G., German physician, 1846-1911. ... See: Leopold's manoeuvres. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Leopold's manoeuvres
Four manoeuvre's employed to determine foetal position: 1) determination of what is in the fundus; 2) evaluation of the foetal back and extremities; 3) palpation of the presenting part above the symphysis; 4) determination of the direction and degree of flexion of the head. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Lepehne
Georg, German physician, *1887. ... See: Lepehne-Pickworth stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Lepehne-Pickworth stain
<technique> A staining technique for haemoglobin and other haem-containing substances in cryostat or frozen sections, which utilises the presence of tissue peroxidase to oxidise benzidine to a blue quinhydrone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

leper
A person who has leprosy. ... Origin: G. Lepra ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

leper colonies
Residential treatment centres for individuals with leprosy. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lepidic
Relating to scales or a scaly covering layer. ... Origin: G. Lepis (lepid-), scale, rind ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lepidoptera
<zoology> An order of insects, which includes the butterflies and moths. They have broad wings, covered with minute overlapping scales, usually brightly coloured. ... They have a tubular proboscis, or haustellum, formed by the two slender maxillae. The labial palpi are usually large, and the proboscis, when not in use, can be coiled up spirall …

lepidosiren
<zoology> An eel-shaped ganoid fish of the order Dipnoi, having both gills and lungs. It inhabits the rivers of South America. The name is also applied to a related African species (Protopterus annectens). The lepidosirens grow to a length of from four to six feet. ... Synonym: doko. ... Origin: Gr, a scale + a siren. ... Source: Websters Dictio …

lepidosis
Any scaly or desquamating eruption. ... Origin: G. Lepis, scale, rind, + -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lepidote
Covered with small, membranous scales. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

lepisma
<zoology> A genus of wingless thysanurous insects having an elongated flattened body, covered with shining scales and terminated by seven unequal bristles. A common species (Lepisma saccharina) is found in houses, and often injures books and furniture. ... Synonym: shiner, silver witch, silver moth, and furniture bug. ... Origin: NL, fr. Gr. Pe …

Lepore haemoglobin
<haematology> Variant haemoglobin in a rare form of thalassaemia: there is a composite _ _ chain as a result of an unequal crossing over event. The composite chain is functional but synthesised at reduced rate. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Lepore thalassaemia
Thalassaemia syndrome due to production of abnormally structured Lepore haemoglobin. Heterozygous state: thalassaemia minor with about 10% of Hb Lepore, Hb F moderately increased, Hb A2 normal. Homozygous state: thalassaemia major with only Hb F and Hb Lepore produced, no Hb A or Hb A2. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

leporipoxvirus
A genus of the family poxviridae, subfamily chordopoxvirinae, consisting of ether-sensitive viruses of leporids and squirrels. They commonly cause tumours and are usually transmitted mechanically by arthropods. Myxoma virus is the type species. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

lepothrix
Synonym: trichomycosis axillaris. ... Origin: G. Lepos, rind, husk, + thrix, hair ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lepra cells
Distinctive, large, mononuclear phagocytes (macrophages) with a foamlike cytoplasm, and also poorly staining saclike structures resulting from degeneration of such cell's, observed characteristically in leprous inflammatory reactions; indistinct staining results from numerous, fairly closely packed leprosy bacilli, which are acid-fast and resistant …

leprechaunism
A congenital form of dwarfism characterised by extreme growth retardation, endocrine disorders, and emaciation, with elfin facies and large low-set ears; autosomal recessive inheritance. ... Synonym: Donohue's disease, Donohue's syndrome. ... Origin: Irish leprechaun, elf ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

leprid
Early cutaneous lesion of leprosy. ... Origin: G. Lepra, leprosy, + -id ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

leprologist
A physician who specialises in the study of leprosy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

leprology
The science and study of leprosy. ... Origin: G. Lepra, leprosy, + logos, study ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

leproma
A fairly well-circumscribed discrete focus of granulomatous inflammation, caused by Mycobacterium leprae, which consists chiefly of an accumulation of large mononuclear phagocytic cells in which the cytoplasm seems finely vacuolated (i.e., foam cells); the foamlike character of the macrophages is related to the engulfing of numerous acid-fast organ …

lepromatous
Pertaining to, or characterised by, the features of a leproma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lepromatous leprosy
A form of leprosy in which nodular cutaneous lesions are infiltrated, have ill-defined borders, and are bacteriologically positive; the lepromin test is negative, i.e., the immunologic mechanism of the patient is not responsive to the Mycobacterium leprae infection. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lepromin
An extract of tissue infected with Mycobacterium leprae used in skin tests to classify the stage of leprosy. ... See: lepromin reaction, test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

lepromin reaction
A delayed hypersensitivity reaction at the site of an intradermal injection of a lepromin, such as the Dharmendra antigen or Mitsuda antigen, in a lepromin test; the reaction's, such as the Fernandez or Mitsuda reaction, are variable, occurring in 48 hours or three to five weeks, but are uniformly negative in lepromatous leprosy, borderline leprosy …

lepromin skin test
<investigation> A test for leprosy where an extract of infected tissue (antigen) is injected under the skin to determine if you have a current or recent leprosy infection. ... Normally, little or no skin reaction should result from the injection. A positive skin reaction indicates a leprosy infection. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

lepromin test
A test utilizing an intradermal injection of a lepromin, such as the Dharmendra antigen or Mitsuda antigen, to classify the stage of leprosy based on the lepromin reaction, such as the Fernandez reaction or Mitsuda reaction; it differentiates tuberculoid leprosy, in which there is a positive delayed reaction at the injection site, from lepromatous …

leprosarium
A hospital especially designed for the care of those suffering from leprosy, especially those who need expert care. ... Synonym: lazaret, lazaretto. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...