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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

jet injection
Hypodermic injection of drugs by a jet injector. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

jet injector
An injector that uses high pressure to force a liquid through a small orifice at a velocity sufficient to penetrate skin or mucous membrane without the use of a needle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

jet lag
An imbalance of the normal circadian rhythm resulting from subsonic or supersonic travel through a varied number of time zones and leading to fatigue, irritability, and various functional disturbances. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

jet nebuliser
An atomiser that uses an air or gas stream to change a liquid into small particles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

jetty
Origin: F.jetee a pier, a jetty, a causeway. See Jet a shooting forth, and cf. Jutty. ... 1. A part of a building that jets or projects beyond the rest, and overhangs the wall below. ... 2. A wharf or pier extending from the shore. ... 3. <physics> A structure of wood or stone extended into the sea to influence the current or tide, or to protect …

Jeune, M
<person> 20th century French paediatrician. ... See: Jeune's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Jeune's syndrome
Synonym for asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia ... Hereditary hypoplasia of the thorax, associated with pelvic skeletal abnormality. ... Synonym: asphyxiating thoracic chondrodystrophy, Jeune's syndrome, thoracic-pelvic-phalangeal dystrophy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

jew
Originally, one belonging to the tribe or kingdom of Judah; after the return from the Babylonish captivity, any member of the new state; a Hebrew; an Israelite. Jew's frankincense, gum styrax, or benzoin. ... <botany> Jew's mallow, an annual herb (Corchorus olitorius) cultivated in Syria and Egypt as a pot herb, and in India for its fibre. Jew …

jew's-harp
Origin: Jew + harp; or possibly a corrupt. Of jaw's harp; cf. G. Maultrommel, lit, mouthdrum]</ety ... 1. An instrument of music, which, when placed between the teeth, gives, by means of a bent metal tongue struck by the finger, a sound which is modulated by the breath; called also Jew's-trump. ... 2. The shackle for joining a chain cable to an an …

jeweller's forceps
A small thumb forceps with very fine pointed blades, used to grasp tissues in microsurgical procedures. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Jewett and Strong staging
Staging of bladder carcinoma: O, noninvasive; A, with submucosal invasion; B, with muscle invasion; C, with invasion of perivascular fat; D, with lymph node metastasis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Jewett sound
A short straight sound for dilating the anterior urethra. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Jewett, Hugh
<person> U.S. Urologist, 1903-1990. ... See: Jewett sound, Jewett and Strong staging. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

jewfish
<zoology> ... 1. A very large serranoid fish (Promicrops itaiara) of Florida and the Gulf of Mexico. It often reaches the weight of five hundred pounds. Its colour is olivaceous or yellowish, with numerous brown spots. Called also guasa, and warsaw. ... 2. A similar gigantic fish (Stereolepis gigas) of Southern California, valued as a food fish …

jews
An ethnic group with certain cultural and religious traditions. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

JH virus
Synonym for 2060 virus ... A strain of common cold virus; early isolate of Rhinovirus. ... Synonym: JH virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

jib
1. A triangular sail set upon a stay or halyard extending from the foremast or fore-topmast to the bowsprit or the jib boom. Large vessels often carry several jibe; as, inner jib; outer jib; flying jib; etc. ... 2. <machinery> The projecting arm of a crane, from which the load is suspended. Jib boom, a small jib set above and outside of all th …

jig
1. A light, brisk musical movement. 'Hot and hasty, like a Scotch jib.' (Shak) ... 3. A light, humorous piece of writing, especially. In rhyme; a farce in verse; a ballad. 'A jig shall be clapped at, and every rhyme Praised and applauded.' (Beau. & Fl) ... 4. A piece of sport; a trick; a prank. 'Is't not a fine jig, A precious cunning, in the lat …

jigger
1. One who, or that which, jigs; specifically, a miner who sorts or cleans ore by the process of jigging; also, the sieve used in jigging. ... 2. A horizontal table carrying a revolving mold, on which earthen vessels are shaped by rapid motion; a potter's wheel. A templet or tool by which vessels are shaped on a potter's wheel. ... 3. A light tackle, …

jigging
<chemical> The act or using a jig; the act of separating ore with a jigger, or wire-bottomed sieve, which is moved up and down in water. Jigging machine. ... <chemical> A machine with a rotary milling cutter and a templet by which the action of the cutter is guided or limited; used for forming the profile of an irregularly shaped piece; …

jimson weed
Jimson weed is often abused in young people for its intoxicating properties. If this plant is smoked or the seeds are ingested an acute anticholinergic poisoning can result. Fever, flushed face, confusion, violent behaviour, inability to urinate and dry mouth are associated features. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

jingle
1. A rattling, clinking, or tinkling sound, as of little bells or pieces of metal. ... 2. That which makes a jingling sound, as a rattle. 'If you plant where savages are, do not only entertain them with trifles and jingles,but use them justly.' (Bacon) ... 3. A correspondence of sound in rhymes, especially when the verse has little merit; hence, the …

jird
A rodent of the genus Meriones; distinct from the gerbil, with which it is frequently confused. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Jk antigens
Synonym for Kidd blood group ... See Blood Groups appendix. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

JNK-activating protein kinase
<enzyme> A dual specificity kinase that activates jun kinases and p38-mpk2; amino acid sequence given in first source ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- ... Synonym: jnk kinase, jnkk, hemipterous protein, hep protein, jun amino-terminal kinase kinase, jn kinase kinase, hep gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

job
1. A sudden thrust or stab; a jab. ... 2. A piece of chance or occasional work; any definite work undertaken in gross for a fixed price; as, he did the job for a thousand dollars. ... 3. A public transaction done for private profit; something performed ostensibly as a part of official duty, but really for private gain; a corrupt official business. …

job application
Process of applying for employment. It includes written application for employment or personal appearance. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

job description
Statement of the position requirements, qualifications for the position, wage range, and any special conditions expected of the employee. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

job satisfaction
Personal satisfaction relative to the work situation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Job syndrome
Synonym for hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome ... <syndrome> An immunodeficiency disorder characterised by high levels of plasma IgE concentrations, a leukocyte chemotactic defect, and recurrent staphylococcal infections of the skin, upper respiratory tract, and other sites. ... Synonym: Job syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

job's syndrome
<syndrome> A disorder of neutrophils characterised by the presence of abnormal or absent chemotactic responses and hyperimmunoglobulinaemia e. It is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait and most cases reported have been in girls. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Jobert de Lamballe, Antoine
<person> French surgeon, 1799-1867. ... See: Jobert de Lamballe's fossa, Jobert de Lamballe's suture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Jobert de Lamballe's fossa
The hollow just above the knee formed by the adductor magnus and the sartorius and gracilis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Jobert de Lamballe's suture
An interrupted intestinal suture, used for invaginating the margins of the intestines in circular enterorrhaphy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

jock itch
Tinea cruris is a fungal infection of the perineum, better known as jock itch. This condition is often treated with clotrimazole or miconazole cream. Good general hygiene is vital in the prevention of tinea cruris. Keep the groin area clean and dry and avoid chafing. Launder athletic supporters frequently. Use an antifungal or drying powder after s …

jocose
Given to jokes and jesting; containing a joke, or abounding in jokes; merry; sportive; humorous. 'To quit their austerity and be jocose and pleasant with an adversary.' (Shaftesbury) 'All . . . Jocose or comical airs should be excluded.' (I. Watts) ... Synonym: Jocular, facetious, witty, merry, pleasant, waggish, sportive, funny, comical. ... Jocose' …

Jod-Basedow
Synonym for Jod-Basedow phenomenon ... <endocrinology> Induction of thyrotoxicosis in a previously euthyroid individual as a result of exposure to large quantities of iodine. ... It occurs most often in areas of endemic iodine-deficient goiter and in patients with multinodular goiter. It can also can develop following use of iodine-containing a …

Jod-Basedow phenomenon
<endocrinology> Induction of thyrotoxicosis in a previously euthyroid individual as a result of exposure to large quantities of iodine. ... It occurs most often in areas of endemic iodine-deficient goiter and in patients with multinodular goiter. It can also can develop following use of iodine-containing agents for diagnostic studies. ... Synon …

Joest, Ernst
<person> German veterinary pathologist, 1873-1926. ... See: Joest bodies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Joffroy, Alexis
<person> French physician, 1844-1908. ... See: Joffroy's reflex, Joffroy's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Joffroy's reflex
Twitching of the glutei muscles when firm pressure is made on the nates, in cases of spastic paralysis. ... Synonym: hip phenomenon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Joffroy's sign
<clinical sign> Disorder of the arithmetical faculty (the person being unable to do simple sums in addition or multiplication) in the early stages of organic brain disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

jogging
Running at a low rate of speed. It can be done as a means of conditioning or for general health and well being. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Johansen, Wilhelm
<person> A Dutch geneticist who coined the word gene and demonstrated that environmental adaptations are not inherited. ... Lived: 1857-1927. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

john
A proper name of a man. John-apple, a sort of apple ripe about St. John's Day. Same as Apple-john. John Bull, an ideal personification of the typical characteristics of an Englishman, or of the English people. John Bullism, English character. John Doe An oval, compressed, European food fish (Zeus faber). Its colour is yellow and olive, with golden, …

Johne, H Albert
<person> German physician, 1839-1910. ... See: johnin, Johne's bacillus, Johne's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Johne's bacillus
Synonym for mycobacterium paratuberculosis ... A species of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria non-pathogenic for humans. It is the aetiologic agent of johne's disease (see paratuberculosis). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Johne's disease
A disease occurring in cattle and sheep, usually manifested by thickening of the wall of the intestine, particularly of the ileum; caused by infection with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. ... Synonym: chronic dysentery of cattle, paratuberculosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

johnin
A product used as a diagnostic agent, analogous to tuberculin but made from Mycobacterium paratuberculosis (the causative organism of Johne's disease) grown in a broth medium containing Mycobacterium phlei (timothy hay bacillus); used as an allergen to provoke reactions in infected animals. ... Origin: H. A. Johne ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

johnson grass
<botany> A tall perennial grass (Sorghum Halepense), valuable in the Southern and Western States for pasture and hay. The rootstocks are large and juicy and are eagerly sought by swine. ... Synonym: Cuba grass, Means grass, Evergreen millet, and Arabian millet. ... Origin: Named after W. Johnson of Alabama, who planted it about 1840-1845. ... So …

Johnson, Frank
<person> U.S. Paediatrician, 1894-1934. ... See: Stevens-Johnson syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Johnson, Frank B
<person> U.S. Pathologist, *1919. ... See: Dubin-Johnson syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Johnson, Harry
<person> U.S. Dentist. ... See: Johnson's method. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Johnson, Treat Baldwin
<person> U.S. Chemist, 1875-1947. ... See: Wheeler-Johnson test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Johnson's method
Synonym for chloropercha method ... A method of filling the root canals of teeth by dissolving gutta-percha cones in a chloroform-rosin medium within the root canal. ... Synonym: Callahan's method, Johnson's method. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

joiner
1. One who, or that which, joins. ... 2. One whose occupation is to construct articles by joining pieces of wood; a mechanic who does the woodwork (as doors, stairs, etc) necessary for the finishing of buildings. 'One Snug, the joiner.' ... 3. A wood-working machine, for sawing, plaining, mortising, tenoning, grooving, etc. ... Synonym: See Carpenter. …

joining segment
<molecular biology> A small DNA segment that links genes to yield a functional gene encoding an immunoglobulin. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

joint
1. To unite by a joint or joints; to fit together; to prepare so as to fit together; as, to joint boards. 'Pierced through the yielding planks of jointed wood.' (Pope) ... 2. To join; to connect; to unite; to combine. 'Jointing their force 'gainst Caesar.' (Shak) ... 3. To provide with a joint or joints; to articulate. 'The fingers are jointed togeth …

joint branches
Synonym for articular branches ... Branches distributed to joints. Almost any vessel related to a joint will supply articular rami. Most joints receive articular branches from the intramuscular branches of the motor nerves innervating the muscles crossing the joint (see Hilton's law). at this printing, Nomina Anatomica, however, specifically recogni …

joint capsule
The sac-like envelope which encloses the cavity of a synovial joint by attaching to the circumference of the articular end of each involved bone. It consists of two layers. The fibrous membrane of the articular capsule (membrana fibrosa capsulae articularis) is the outer layer and is composed of dense white fibrous tissue. The synovial membrane (me …

joint deformities, acquired
Deformities acquired after birth as the result of injury or disease. The joint deformity is often associated with rheumatoid arthritis and leprosy. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

joint effusion
Increased fluid in synovial cavity of a joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

joint evil
joint ill ...

joint hypermobility syndrome
<syndrome> A common benign childhood condition involving hypermobile joints (that can move beyond the normal range of motion). Symptoms include pains in knees, fingers, hips, and elbows. The affected joints may sprain or dislocate. Scoliosis (curvature of the spine) is more frequent. Usually improves with adulthood. Also called the hypermobil …

joint instability
Lack of stability of a joint or joint prosthesis. Factors involved are intra-articular disease and integrity of extra-articular structures such as joint capsule, ligaments, and muscles. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

joint loose bodies
Fibrous, bony, cartilaginous and osteocartilaginous fragments in a synovial joint. Major causes are osteochondritis dissecans, synovial chondromatosis, osteophytes, fractured articular surfaces and damaged menisci. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

joint mice
<radiology> Ossicles within joint space, seen in synovial osteochondromatosis ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

joint of head of rib
The synovial joint between a rib and bodies of two adjacent vertebrae; the joint cavity is divided by an intra-articular ligament which attaches to the intervertebral disk; the first, tenth, eleventh, and twelfth ribs articulate with only one vertebra. ... Synonym: articulatio capitis costae, capitular joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

joint oil
Synonym for synovial fluid ... <anatomy> Joint fluid, a viscous fluid which lubricates the joint. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

joint probability
The probability that two or more outcomes are realised jointly; the probability that the child is both male and affected is 1/4. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

joint prosthesis
An artificial substitute for a missing joint. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

joint sense
Synonym for articular sensibility ... Appreciation of sensation in joint surfaces. ... Synonym: arthresthesia, joint sense. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

joint, tempero-mandibular
Joint that hinges the lower jaw (mandible) to the skull. Abbreviated tmj or tm joint. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

joint, tm
The joint that hinges the lower jaw (mandible) to the skull. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

joints of auditory ossicles
The joints of the ossicular chain consisting of incudomallear joint, incudostapedeal joint, and the tympanostapedeal syndesmosis. ... Synonym: articulationes ossiculorum auditus, joints of ear bones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

joints of ear bones
Synonym for joints of auditory ossicles ... The joints of the ossicular chain consisting of incudomallear joint, incudostapedeal joint, and the tympanostapedeal syndesmosis. ... Synonym: articulationes ossiculorum auditus, joints of ear bones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

joints of foot
Joints including the talocrural, intertarsal, tarsometatarsal, intermetatarsal, metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints. ... Synonym: articulationes pedis, articulations of foot. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

joints of free inferior limb
Synonym for joints of free lower limb ... The joints uniting the bones of the free inferior limb to one another and to the pelvic girdle; they are the hip joint, knee joint, tibiofibular joints, and the joints of the ankle and foot. ... Synonym: articulationes membri inferioris liberi, joints of free inferior limb, juncturae membri inferioris liberi. …

joints of free lower limb
The joints uniting the bones of the free inferior limb to one another and to the pelvic girdle; they are the hip joint, knee joint, tibiofibular joints, and the joints of the ankle and foot. ... Synonym: articulationes membri inferioris liberi, joints of free inferior limb, juncturae membri inferioris liberi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

joints of free superior limb
Synonym for joints of free upper limb ... The joints uniting the bones of the free superior limb girdle; they are the shoulder joint, elbow joint, radioulnar joints, and joints of the wrist and hand. ... Synonym: articulationes membri superioris liberi, joints of free superior limb, juncturae membri superioris liberi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

joints of free upper limb
The joints uniting the bones of the free superior limb girdle; they are the shoulder joint, elbow joint, radioulnar joints, and joints of the wrist and hand. ... Synonym: articulationes membri superioris liberi, joints of free superior limb, juncturae membri superioris liberi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

joints of hand
These joints include the radiocarpal or wrist joint; intercarpal, carpometacarpal, intermetacarpal; metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints. ... Synonym: articulationes manus, articulations of hand. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

joints of inferior limb girdle
Synonym for joints of pelvic girdle ... The joints that unite the sacrum and the two hip bones to form the pelvic girdle; these are the sacroiliac joints, the pubic symphysis, the sacrotuberal and sacrospinal ligaments, and the obturator membrane. ... Synonym: articulationes cinguli membri inferioris, joints of inferior limb girdle. ... (05 Mar 2000)< …

joints of pectoral girdle
The joints uniting the scapulae and clavicles to each other and the latter to the sternum forming the superior limb girdle; these are the acromioclavicular and the sternoclavicular joints. ... Synonym: articulationes cinguli membri superioris, joints of superior limb girdle, juncturae cinguli membri superioris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

joints of pelvic girdle
The joints that unite the sacrum and the two hip bones to form the pelvic girdle; these are the sacroiliac joints, the pubic symphysis, the sacrotuberal and sacrospinal ligaments, and the obturator membrane. ... Synonym: articulationes cinguli membri inferioris, joints of inferior limb girdle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

joints of superior limb girdle
Synonym for joints of pectoral girdle ... The joints uniting the scapulae and clavicles to each other and the latter to the sternum forming the superior limb girdle; these are the acromioclavicular and the sternoclavicular joints. ... Synonym: articulationes cinguli membri superioris, joints of superior limb girdle, juncturae cinguli membri superiori …

jojoba oil
A liquid wax ester mixture extracted from ground or crushed seeds from Simmondsia chinensis and S. Californica (family Buxaceae), desert shrubs native to Arizona, California, and northern Mexico. Used extensively in cosmetics for alleged skin softening and lubricating properties; other uses include as lubricant, fuel, chemical feedstock, substitute …

Jolles, Adolf
<person> Austrian chemist, 1863-1944. ... See: Jolles' test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Jolles' test
A test for bile; a precipitate is obtained by agitation with chloroform, a solution of barium chloride, and hydrochloric acid; the precipitate is removed, and the addition of a drop or two of sulfuric acid will produce a play of colour if bile pigments are present. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Jolly bodies
Synonym for Howell-Jolly bodies ... Spherical or ovoid eccentrically located granules, approximately 1 um in diameter, occasionally observed in the stroma of circulating erythrocytes, especially in stained preparations (as compared with wet unstained films); probably represent nuclear remnants, inasmuch as they can be stained with dyes that are rath …

Jolly, Friedrich
<person> German neurologist, 1844-1904. ... See: Jolly's reaction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Jolly, Justin
<person> French histologist, 1870-1953. ... See: Jolly bodies, Howell-Jolly bodies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Jolly's reaction
Rapid loss of response to faradic stimulation of a muscle with the galvanic response and the power of voluntary contraction retained. ... Synonym: myasthenic reaction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

jones fracture
<radiology> Fracture base of 5th metatarsal ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Jones reducer
<apparatus> An apparatus made up of a column filled with amalgamated zinc which isused to reduce solutions. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Jones, Ernest
<person> British psychiatrist, 1879-1958. ... See: Ross-Jones test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Jones, Henry Bence
<person> ... See: Bence Jones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Jones' test
Synonym for fluorescein instillation test ... A test for patency of the lacrimal system; fluorescein instilled in the conjunctival sac can be recovered from the inferior nasal meatus. ... Synonym: Jones' test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Jonnesco, Thomas
<person> Roumanian surgeon, 1860-1926. ... See: Jonnesco's fossa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Jonnesco's fossa
Synonym for superior duodenal recess ... A peritoneal recess extending upward behind the superior duodenal fold. ... Synonym: recessus duodenalis superior, duodenojejunal fossa, duodenojejunal recess, Jonnesco's fossa, superior duodenal fossa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...