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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

iris neoplasms
Tumours of the iris characterised by increased pigmentation of melanocytes. Iris nevi are composed of proliferated melanocytes and are associated with neurofibromatosis and malignant melanoma of the choroid and ciliary body. Malignant melanoma of the iris often originates from preexisting nevi. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

iris pits
Colobomas affecting the stroma of the iris with pigment epithelium intact. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iris-nevus syndrome
Synonym for iridocorneal endothelial syndrome ... <syndrome> Syndrome of glaucoma, iris atrophy, decreased corneal endothelium, anterior peripheral synechia, and multiple iris nodules. ... Synonym: Cogan-Reese syndrome, iris-nevus syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Irish moss
Synonym for chondrus ... Synonym: cartilage. ... 2. The plant Chondrus crispus, Fucus crispus, or Gigartina mamillosa (family Gigartinaceae); a demulcent in chronic and intestinal disorders. ... Synonym: carrageen, carragheen, Irish moss, pearl moss. ... Origin: G. Chondros, gristle ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Irish moss gelatin
Gelatin extracted from Irish moss; used to make the mucilage of Irish moss that is used as a substitute for gum arabic in making emulsions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irisin
Synonym for iridin ... 1. Irigenin 7-glucoside from orris root, Iris florentina. ... 2. A resinoid from blue flag, Iris versicolor; used as a cholagogue and cathartic. ... Synonym: irisin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iritic
Relating to iritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iritis
<ophthalmology> Inflammation of the iris, usually marked by pain, congestion in the ciliary region, photophobia, contraction of the pupil and discolouration of the iris. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

iritis glaucomatosa
An outpouring of exudate and cells after control of angle-closure glaucoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iron
1. To smooth with an instrument of iron; especially, to smooth, as cloth, with a heated flatiron; sometimes used with out. ... 2. To shackle with irons; to fetter or handcuff. 'Ironed like a malefactor.' ... 3. To furnish or arm with iron; as, to iron a wagon. ... Origin: Ironed; Ironing. ... 1. Of, or made of iron; consisting of iron; as, an iron bar, …

iron alum
Synonym for ferric ammonium sulfate ... An astringent and styptic. ... Synonym: ammonium ferric sulfate, ferric alum, iron alum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iron chelating agents
Organic chemicals that form two or more coordination links with an iron ion. Once coordination has occurred, the complex formed is called a chelate. The iron-binding porphyrin group of haemoglobin is an example of a metal chelate found in biological systems. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

iron compounds
Inorganic compounds that contain iron as an integral part of the molecule. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

iron deficiency
Deficiency of iron results in anaemia because iron is necessary to make haemoglobin, the key molecule in red blood cells responsible for the transport of oxygen. In iron deficiency anaemia, the red cells are unusally small (microcytic) and pale (hypochromic). ... Characteristic features of iron deficiency anaemia in children include failure to thriv …

iron deficiency anaemia
Hypochromic microcytic anaemia characterised by low serum iron, increased serum iron-binding capacity, decreased serum ferritin, and decreased marrow iron stores. ... Synonym: hypoferric anaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iron dextrin
A complex of dextrin with ferric hydroxide; used intravenously in the treatment of iron deficiency. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iron excess
Iron overload can damage the heart, liver, gonads and other organs. Iron overload is a particular risk in people who may have certain genetic conditions (haemochromatosis) sometimes without knowing it and also in people receiving recurrent blood transfusions. According to the national academy of sciences, the recommended dietary allowances of iron …

iron haematoxylin
Unique ferric lakes of haematein that produce deep blue-black stains; useful for studies of cytologic detail, such as chromosomes, spindle fibres, Golgi apparatus, myofibrils, and mitochrondria; also useful to demonstrate Entamoeba histolytica. ... See: Heidenhain's iron haematoxylin stain, Weigert's iron haematoxylin stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iron index
An obsolete index of iron obtained by dividing the figure for the average content of iron in normal blood (42.74 mg) by the red cell count in millions; it normally varies between 8 and 9; in pernicious anaemia, the index is usually greater than 10, but it tends to be normal in chronic secondary anaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iron isotopes
Stable iron atoms that have the same atomic number as the element iron, but differ in atomic weight. Fe-54, 57, and 58 are stable iron isotopes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

iron lung
Synonym for Drinker respirator ... A mechanical respirator in which the body except the head is encased within a metal tank, which is sealed at the neck with an airtight gasket; artificial respiration is induced by making the air pressure inside negative. ... Synonym: iron lung, tank respirator. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iron metabolism disorders
Disorders in the processing of iron in the body: its absorption, transport, storage, and utilization. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

iron overload
An excessive accumulation of iron in the body due to a greater than normal absorption of iron from the gastrointestinal tract or from parenteral injection. This may arise from idiopathic haemochromatosis, excessive iron intake, chronic alcoholism, certain types of refractory anaemia, or transfusional haemosiderosis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

iron poisoning
Iron supplements meant for adults (such as pregnant women) are a major cause of poisoning in children. Care should be taken to keep iron supplements safely away from children. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

iron protoporphyrin
A protoporphyrin to which an iron atom is complexed; e.g., haem. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iron pyrites
Native sulfide of iron. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iron radioisotopes
Unstable isotopes of iron that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Fe atoms with atomic weights 52, 53, 55, and 59-61 are radioactive iron isotopes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

iron sorbitex
A complex of iron, sorbitol, and citric acid in stable solution for intramuscular administration in the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in patients who are unable to take sufficient amounts of iron by the oral route. ... Synonym: iron sorbitol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iron sorbitol
Synonym for iron sorbitex ... A complex of iron, sorbitol, and citric acid in stable solution for intramuscular administration in the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in patients who are unable to take sufficient amounts of iron by the oral route. ... Synonym: iron sorbitol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iron succinyl milk protein complex
<chemical> Soluble iron complex with 5% iron content produced by reacting succinylated milk protein and ferric chloride ... Synonym: iron succinyl protein complex, itf 282, itf-282 ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

iron sulfate
A soluble iron salt frequently used as an iron supplement in tablets and liquid preparations. ... Synonym: ferrous sulfate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iron-52
A radioactive iron isotope; a cyclotron-produced positron emitter with a half-life of 8.28 hr, used to study iron metabolism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iron-55
An iron isotope; a positron emitter with a half-life of 2.73 years; used (less often than 59Fe) as a tracer in study of iron metabolism and in blood perfusion studies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iron-59
An iron isotope; a gamma and beta emitter with a half-life of 44.51 days; used as tracer in study of iron metabolism, determination of blood volume, and in blood transfusion studies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iron-binding capacity
The capacity of iron-binding protein in serum (transferrin) to bind serum iron. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iron-dextran complex
<chemical> Iron dextran. A complex of ferric oxyhydroxide with dextrans of 5000 to 7000 daltons in a viscous solution containing 50 mg/ml of iron. It is supplied as a parenteral preparation and is used as a haematinic. (goodman and gilman's the pharmacological basis of therapeutics, 8th ed, p1292) ... Pharmacological action: haematinics. ... Ch …

iron-storage disease
The storage of excess iron in the parenchyma of many organs, as in idiopathic haemochromatosis or transfusion haemosiderosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iron-storage protein
<chemical> Soluble iron storage protein from e coli; different from ferritin and haemosiderin ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

iron-sulfur proteins
A group of proteins possessing only the iron-sulfur complex as the prosthetic group. These proteins participate in all major pathways of electron transport: photosynthesis, respiration, hydroxylation and bacterial hydrogen and nitrogen fixation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

iron, dietary
Iron or iron compounds used in foods or as food. Dietary iron is important in oxygen transport and the synthesis of the iron-porphyrin proteins haemoglobin, myoglobin, cytochromes, and cytochrome oxidase. Insufficient amounts of dietary iron can lead to iron-deficiency anaemia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ironwood
<botany> A tree unusually hard, strong, or heavy wood. ... In the United States, the hornbeam and the hop hornbeam are so called; also the Olneya Tesota, a small tree of Arizona; in the West Indies, the Erythroxylon areolatum, and several other unrelated trees; in China, the Metrosideros vera; in India, the Mesua ferrea, and two species of Ing …

irradiate
1. To throw rays of light upon; to illuminate; to brighten; to adorn with luster. 'Thy smile irradiates yon blue fields.' (Sir W. Jones) ... 2. To enlighten intellectually; to illuminate; as, to irradiate the mind. ... 3. To animate by heat or light. ... 4. To radiate, shed, or diffuse. 'A splendid faade, . . . Irradiating hospitality.' (H. James) ... …

irradiated vitamin D milk
Cow's milk exposed in a thin film to ultraviolet light and standardised to contain 400 USP units of vitamin D per quart. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irradiation
Treatment by ionising radiation, such as X-rays or radioactive sources such as radioactive iodine seeds. ... See: radiation therapy. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

irrational
1. Not rational; void of reason or understanding; as, brutes are irrational animals. ... 2. Not according to reason; absurd; foolish. 'It seemed utterly irrational any longer to maintain it.' (I. Taylor) ... 3. <mathematics> Not capable of being exactly expressed by an integral number, or by a vulgar fraction; surd; said especially of roots. Se …

irreducible
1. Incapable of being reduced, or brought into a different state; incapable of restoration to its proper or normal condition; as, an irreducible hernia. ... 2. <mathematics> Incapable of being reduced to a simpler form of expression; as, an irreducible formula. ... <mathematics> Irreducible case, a particular case in the solution of a cub …

irreducible hernia
A hernia that cannot be reduced without operation. ... Synonym: incarcerated hernia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irregular
Not regular; not conforming to a law, method, or usage recognised as the general rule; not according to common form; not conformable to nature, to the rules of moral rectitude, or to established principles; not normal; unnatural; immethodical; unsymmetrical; erratic; no straight; not uniform; as, an irregular line; an irregular figure; an irregular …

irregular astigmatism
Astigmatism in which different parts of the same meridian have different degrees of curvature. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irregular bone
One of a group of bones having peculiar or complex forms, e.g., vertebrae, many of the skull bones. ... Synonym: os irregulare. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irregular dentin
Synonym for tertiary dentin ... Morphologically irregular dentin formed in response to an irritant. ... Synonym: irregular dentin, irritation dentin, reparative dentin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irregular emphysema
Emphysema that shows no consistent relationship to any portion of the acinus; always associated with fibrosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irregular nystagmus
Synonym for dissociated nystagmus ... A nystagmus in which the movements of the two eyes are dissimilar in direction, amplitude, and periodicity. ... Synonym: dysjunctive nystagmus, incongruent nystagmus, irregular nystagmus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irregular pulse
Variation in rate of impulses in an artery due to cardiac arrhythmia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irregular uterine lumen
<radiology> Synechiae, DES, post-op, neoplasm, normal variant, intravasation, endometrial hyperplasia, adenomyosis, embedded IUD, TB, uterine fistula, Gartner duct remnant ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

irresistible impulse
A compulsion to act such that one feels or claims it cannot be resisted. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irrespirable
1. Incapable of being inhaled because of irritation to the airway, resulting in breath-holding. ... 2. Denoting a gas or vapor either poisonous or containing insufficient oxygen. ... 3. Denoting an aerosol composed of particles with aerodynamic size larger than 10 u. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irresponsibility
The state of not acting in a manner that is responsible, for conscious or unconscious reasons. ... Criminal irresponsibility, the state, usually attributed to mental defect or disease, that renders a person not responsbile for his criminal conduct. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irresuscitable
Incapable of being revived. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irreversible
Incapable of being reversed. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

irreversible colloid
A colloid that is not again soluble in water after having been dried at ordinary temperature. ... Synonym: unstable colloid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irreversible hydrocolloid
A hydrocolloid whose physical state is changed by an irreversible chemical reaction when water is added to a powder and an insoluble substance is formed. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irreversible process
<chemistry> Any real process, when a system undergoes the changes State 1 - greater than State 2 - greater than State 1 by any real pathway, the universe is different that before the cyclic process took place in the system. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

irreversible reaction
A reaction or response by the tissues to a pathogenic agent characterised by a permanent pathologic change. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irreversible shock
Shock that has progressed beyond the stage when it will respond to transfusion or other form of treatment, and recovery is impossible. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irrigation
Washing by a stream of water or other fluid. ... Origin: L. Irrigatio, rigare = to carry water ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

irrigator
An appliance used in irrigation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irritability
1. The state or quality of being irritable; quick excitability; petulance; fretfulness; as, irritability of temper. ... 2. <physiology> A natural susceptibility, characteristic of all living organisms, tissues, and cells, to the influence of certain stimuli, response being manifested in a variety of ways, as that quality in plants by which the …

irritable
1. Capable of being irriated. ... 2. Very susceptible of anger or passion; easily inflamed or exasperated; as, an irritable temper. 'Vicious, old, and irritable.' (Tennyson) ... 3. <physiology> Endowed with irritability; susceptible of irritation; capable of being excited to action by the application of certain stimuli. ... 4. <medicine> S …

irritable bowel disease
<disease> A functional bowel disorder characterised by recurrent crampy abdominal pain and diarrhoea. Invasive gastrointestinal diagnostics are often unrevealing. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

irritable bowel syndrome
<syndrome> A functional bowel disorder characterised by recurrent crampy abdominal pain and diarrhoea. Invasive gastrointestinal diagnostics are often unrevealing. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

irritable breast
Swelling and induration of the breast, not due to a neoplasm, and usually of comparatively brief duration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irritable colon
A functional bowel disorder characterised by recurrent crampy abdominal pain and diarrhoea. Invasive gastrointestinal diagnostics are often unrevealing. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

irritable heart
An obsolete term for neurocirculatory asthenia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irritable mood
Abnormal or excessive excitability with easily triggered anger, annoyance, or impatience. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

irritant
This refers to any substance that causes inflammation following immediate, prolonged, or repeated contact with skin or mucous membranes. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

irritant contact dermatitis
Skin reactions ranging from erythema and scaling to necrotic burns resulting from nonimmunologic damage by chemicals in contact with the skin immediately or repeatedly. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irritant eczema
An inflammatory skin rash that occurs as the result of repeated exposure to a chemical irritant. (for example soaps, cleaners, detergents) ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

irritants
Drugs that act locally on cutaneous or mucosal surfaces to produce inflammation; those that cause redness due to hyperaemia are rubefacients; those that raise blisters are vesicants and those that penetrate sebaceous glands and cause abscesses are pustulants; tear gases and mustard gases are also irritants. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

irritate
1. To increase the action or violence of; to heighten excitement in; to intensify; to stimulate. 'Cold maketh the spirits vigorous and irritateth them.' (Bacon) ... 2. To excite anger or displeasure in; to provoke; to tease; to exasperate; to annoy; to vex; as, the insolence of a tyrant irritates his subjects. 'Dismiss the man, nor irritate the god: …

irritation
A state of overexcitation and undue sensitivity. ... Origin: L. Irritatio ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

irritation cell
Synonym for Turk cell ... A relatively large, immature cell with certain morphologic features resembling those of a plasma cell, although the nuclear pattern is similar to that of a myeloblast; found in circulating blood only in pathologic conditions. ... Synonym: irritation cell, Turk's leukocyte. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irritation fibroma
A slow-growing nodule on the oral mucosa, composed of fibrous tissue covered by epithelium, resulting from mechanical irritation by dentures, fillings, cheek biting, etc. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irritative
Causing irritation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irrumation
Synonym: fellatio. ... Origin: L. Irrumo, pp. -atus, to give suck ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irruption
Act or process of breaking through to a surface. ... Origin: L. Irruptio, fr. Irrumpo, to break in ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

irruptive
Relating to or characterised by irruption. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

IRV
<abbreviation> Inspiratory reserve volume. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Irvine
A. Ray, Jr., U.S. Ophthalmologist, *1917. ... See: Irvine-Gass syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Irvine-Gass syndrome
<syndrome> Macular oedema, aphakia, and vitreous humor adherent to incision for cataract extraction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Is element
Synonym for insertion sequence ... Mobile nucleotide sequences that occur naturally in the genomes of bacterial populations. When inserted into bacterial DNA, they inactivate the gene concerned, when they are removed the gene regains its activity. Closely related to transposons and range in size from a few hundred to a few thousand bases, but are us …

is-
1. <prefix> A prefix or combining form, indicating identity, or equality; the same numerical value; as in isopod, isomorphous, isochromatic. Specif. ... 2. <chemistry> Applied to compounds of certain isomeric series in whose structure one carbon atom, at least, is connected with three other carbon atoms; contrasted with neo- and normal; …

IS1 recombinase
<enzyme> Involved in plasmid integration in E coli ... Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

IS10 transposase
<enzyme> 402 amino acids; shares regions of sequence identity with other insertion element transposases of the is4 family; partial amino acid sequence given in first source ... Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- ... Synonym: is10 gene product, 46-kD is10 ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

ISA
<abbreviation> Intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Isaac's syndrome
<syndrome> A rare sporadic disorder of unknown aetiology with onset usually in late childhood or early adulthood, characterised by intermittent or continuous involuntary muscle contractions, producing 'stiffness' or 'clumsiness' and accompanied by increased sweating, increased skin temperature, fasciculations, and myokymia. If facial, pharyng …

Isamine blue
Synonym for pyrrol blue ... C4OH3ON3O6Na;an acid triarylmethane dye employed as a vital dye and as an elastin stain. ... Synonym: Isamine blue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

isauxesis
Growth of parts at the same rate as growth of the whole. ... Origin: G. Isos, even, + auxesis, increase ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ischaemia
<physiology> A low oxygen state usually due to obstruction of the arterial blood supply or inadequate blood flow leading to hypoxia in the tissue. ... Origin: Gr. Haima = blood ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

ischaemic
Affected by ischaemia. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...