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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

ambiguity
Origin: L. Ambiguitas, fr. Ambiguus: cf. F. Ambiguite. ... The quality or state of being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty, particularly as to the signification of language, arising from its admitting of more than one meaning; an equivocal word or expression. 'No shadow of ambiguity can rest upon the course to be pursued.' (I. Taylor) 'The word …

ambiguous
Doubtful or uncertain, particularly in respect to signification; capable of being understood in either of two or more possible senses; equivocal; as, an ambiguous course; an ambiguous expression. 'What have been thy answers? What but dark, Ambiguous, and with double sense deluding?' (Milton) ... Synonym: Doubtful, dubious, uncertain, unsettled, indi …

ambiguous codon
<molecular biology> A codon that codes for more than one amino acid. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

ambiguous external genitalia
External genitalia not clearly of either sex; most commonly designates external genitalia that are incompletely masculinised. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambiguous nucleus
Synonym for nucleus ambiguus ... A very slender, longitudinal column of motor neurons in the ventrolateral medulla oblongata; its efferent fibres leave with the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerve and innervate the striated muscle fibres of the pharynx (including the musculus levator veli palatini) and the vocal cord muscles of the larynx. ... Synonym: …

ambilateral
Relating to both sides. ... Origin: ambi-+ L. Latus, side ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambilevous
Awkwardness in the use of both hands. ... Synonym: ambisinister, ambisinistrous. ... Origin: ambi-+ L. Laevus, left ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambipolar diffusion
<radiobiology> Diffusion process in which buildup of spatial charge creates electric fields which cause electrons and ions to leave the plasma at the same rate. (Such electric fields are self-generated by the plasma and act to preserve charge neutrality.) ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

ambisense expression strategy
<molecular biology> The coding of viral proteins in both the sense (coding) and antisense (noncoding) strands of complementary mRNA, so that the viral proteins are produced no matter which strand gets translated. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

ambisexual
1. Denoting sexual characteristics found in both sexes, e.g., breast, pubic hair. ... 2. Slang term for bisexual. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambisinister
Synonym: ambilevous. ... Origin: ambi-+ L. Sinister, left ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambisinistrous
Synonym for ambilevous ... Awkwardness in the use of both hands. ... Synonym: ambisinister, ambisinistrous. ... Origin: ambi-+ L. Laevus, left ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambivalence
The coexistence of antithetical attitudes or emotions toward a given person or thing, or idea, as in the simultaneous feeling and expression of love and hate toward the same person. ... Origin: ambi-+ L. Valentia, strength ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambivalent
Relating to or characterised by ambivalence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambivert
One who falls between the two extremes of introversion and extroversion, possessing some of the tendencies of each. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambly-
Dullness, dimness; blunt, dull, dim, dimmed. ... Origin: G. Amblys, blunt, dulled; faint, dim ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amblyaphia
Diminution in tactile sensibility. ... Origin: ambly-+ G. Haphe, touch ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amblygeustia
A dimunition in the sense of taste. ... Origin: ambly-+ G. Geusis, taste ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Amblyomma
A genus of ornate, hard ticks (family Ixodidae) characterised by having eyes, festoons, and deeply imbedded ventral plates near the festoons in males. ... Origin: ambly-+ G. Omma, eye, vision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Amblyomma americanum
The Lone-Star tick, a species that is an important pest and vector of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, found primarily in the southern United States and northern Mexico; it occurs on dogs and many other hosts, including domestic animals, birds, and man; it bites man in larval, nymphal, and adult stages. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Amblyomma cajennense
The Cayenne tick, a species that is an important pest in southern Texas, Central and South America, and the larger Caribbean islands, and a vector of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in Mexico and Central and South America; all stages attack man and many species of domestic and wild animals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Amblyomma hebraeum
The South African bont tick, an important vector of heartwater in southern Africa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Amblyomma maculatum
The Gulf Coast tick, a species that is a pest of livestock in the southeastern United States. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Amblyomma variegatum
The tropical bont tick, a serious pest of domestic livestock and an important vector of heartwater in Africa and the Caribbean; it is closely associated with the development of severe clinical dermatophilosis in cattle in the Caribbean. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amblyopia
<ophthalmology> The impairment of vision without detectable organic lesion of the eye. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

amblyopia ex anopsia
Synonym for suppression amblyopia ... The suppression of the central vision in one eye when the images from the two eyes are so different that they cannot be fused into one. This may be due to: 1) faulty image formation (sensory amblyopia); 2) a large difference in refraction between the two eyes (anisometropic amblyopia); or 3) the two eyes pointin …

amblyoscope
<instrument> A reflecting stereoscope used to evaluate or stimulate binocular vision. ... See: haploscope. ... Origin: amblyopia + G. Skopeo, to view ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambo-
Around; on all (both) sides; corresponds to G. Ampho-. ... See: ambi-. ... Origin: L. Ambo, both ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amboceptor
<immunology> An antibody which can combine both with a cellular antigen (such as a virus or bacterium) and with a complement because it has two combining elements. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

amboceptor unit
haemolysin unit ...

ambomalleal
Synonym for incudomalleal ... Relating to the incus and the malleus; denoting the articulation between the incus and the malleus in the middle ear. ... Synonym: ambomalleal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambos
An obsolete term for incus. ... Origin: Ger. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Amboyna button
Synonym for yaws ... <medicine> A disease, occurring in the Antilles and in Africa, characterised by yellowish or reddish tumours, of a contagious character, which, in shape and appearance, often resemble currants, strawberries, or raspberries. There are several varieties of this disease, variously known as framboesia, pian, verrugas, and crab …

ambrosia
1. The fabled food of the gods (as nectar was their drink), which conferred immortality upon those who partook of it. An unguent of the gods. 'His dewy locks distilled ambrosia.' (Milton) ... 2. A perfumed unguent, salve, or draught; something very pleasing to the taste or smell. ... 3. Formerly, a kind of fragrant plant; now (Bot), a genus of plants …

ambrosin
A principle in ragweed related to absinthin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambroxol
<chemical> A metabolite of bromhexine that stimulates mucociliary action and clears the air passages in the respiratory tract. It is usually administered as the hydrochloride. ... Pharmacological action: expectorants. ... Chemical name: Cyclohexanol, 4-(((2-amino-3,5-dibromophenyl)methyl)amino)-, trans- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Ambu bag
Proprietary name for a self-reinflating bag with nonrebreathing valves to provide positive pressure ventilation during resuscitation with oxygen or air. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambucetamide
Alpha-Dibutylamino-alpha-(p-methoxyphenyl)acetamide;an intestinal antispasmodic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambulacrum
Origin: L, an alley or covered way. ... <zoology> One of the radical zones of echinoderms, along which run the principal nerves, blood vessels, and water tubes. These zones usually bear rows of locomotive suckers or tentacles, which protrude from regular pores. In star fishes they occupy the grooves along the under side of the rays. ... One of …

ambulance
A field hospital, so organised as to follow an army in its movements, and intended to succor the wounded as soon as possible. Often used adjectively; as, an ambulance wagon; ambulance stretcher; ambulance corps. ... An ambulance wagon or cart for conveying the wounded from the field, or to a hospital. ... Origin: F. Ambulance, hopital ambulant, fr. L …

ambulances
A vehicle equipped for transporting patients in need of emergency care. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ambulant
<biology> Walking or able to walk. ... Origin: L. Ambulans = walking ... (05 Feb 1998) ...

ambulant erysipelas
Synonym for erysipelas migrans ... A widely spreading form involving the entire face or body surface. ... Synonym: ambulant erysipelas, wandering erysipelas. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambulant oedema
Oedema forming during periods of walking with the legs dependent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambulatory
<biology> An organism which is able to move from place to place, and is not stationary. most often the term is used to describe organisms which can walk. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

ambulatory anaesthesia
Anaesthesia provided on an outpatient basis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambulatory automatism
A person's automatic performance of an action or series of actions without being consciously aware of the processes involved in the performance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambulatory care
Medical care (including diagnosis, observation, treatment and rehabilitation) provided on an outpatient basis. Ambulatory care is given to persons who are not confined to a hospital but rather are ambulatory and, literally, are able to ambulate or walk about. (A well-baby visit is considered ambulatory care even though the baby is not walking). ... …

ambulatory care facilities
Those facilities which administer health services to individuals who do not require hospitalization or institutionalization. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ambulatory care information systems
Information systems, usually computer-assisted, designed to store, manipulate, and retrieve information for planning, organizing, directing, and controlling administrative activities associated with the provision and utilization of ambulatory care services and facilities. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ambulatory electrocardiography
<investigation> An investigation, during which prolonged electrocardiographic recordings are made on a portable tape recorder (holter-type system) or solid-state device, while the patient undertakes normal daily activities. ... It measures the heart rhythm (ECG) over a 24 hour period while the patient records their symptoms and activities in a …

ambulatory plague
<infectious disease> A mild form of bubonic plague characterised by symptoms such as mild fever and lymphadenitis. ... Synonym: larval plague, parapestis, pestis ambulans, pestis minor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambulatory schizophrenia
<psychiatry> A milder form of schizophrenia in which the patient is capable of maintaining himself or herself in society and need not be hospitalised. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambulatory surgery
<surgery> Operative procedures performed on patients who are admitted to and discharged from a hospital on the same day. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambulatory typhoid
walking typhoid ...

ambuphylline
<drug> A diuretic and bronchodilator. ... Synonym: theophylline aminoisobutanol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambuscade
1. A lying in a wood, concealed, for the purpose of attacking an enemy by surprise. Hence: A lying in wait, and concealed in any situation, for a like purpose; a snare laid for an enemy; an ambush. ... 2. A place in which troops lie hid, to attack an enemy unexpectedly. ... 3. The body of troops lying in ambush. ... Origin: F. Embuscade, fr. It. Imbos …

ambush
1. To station in ambush with a view to surprise an enemy. 'By ambushed men behind their temple ai, We have the king of Mexico betrayed.' (Dryden) ... 2. To attack by ambush; to waylay. ... Origin: OE. Enbussen, enbushen, OF. Embushier, embuissier, F. Embucher, embusquer, fr. LL. Imboscare; in + LL. Boscus, buscus, a wood; akin to G. Bush, E. Bush. Se …

ambystoma
A genus of the ambystomatidae family. The best known species of this genus are the axolotl forms ambystoma mexicanum and ambystoma tigrinum. They may retain gills and remain aquatic without developing all of the adult characteristics. However, under proper changes in the environment they metamorphose. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Ambystoma mexicanum
<organism> Mexican axolotl (amphibian). A salamander that shows neoteny. The adult may retain the larval form, but can reproduce. ... The neotenous, aquatic axolotl will metamorphose into the terrestrial form if injected with thyroid or pituitary gland extract. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

ambystomatidae
A family of the class urodela which includes 4 living genera, about 33 species, and occurs only in north america. Adults are usually terrestrial, but the larval forms are aquatic. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

amcinonide
A glucocorticoid used topically in the treatment of dermatoses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amdinocillin
<chemical> 6-(((hexahydro-1h-azepin-1-yl)methylene)amino)-3,3-dimethyl- 7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo(3.2.0)heptane-2-carboxylic acid. Amidinopenicillanic acid derivative with broad spectrum antibacterial action. It is poorly absorbed if given orally and is used in urinary infections and typhus. ... Pharmacological action: anti-infective agents, u …

amdinocillin pivoxil
<chemical> 6-(((hexahydro-1h-azepin-1-yl)methylene)amino)-3,3-dimethyl- 7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo(3.2.0)heptane-2-carboxylic acid (2,2-dimethyl-1-oxopropoxy)methyl ester. Pivaloyloxymethyl ester of amdinocillin that is well absorbed orally, but broken down to amdinocillin in the intestinal mucosa. It is active against gram-negative organisms …

amebiasis
Infection with any of various amebae. It is an asymptomatic carrier state in most individuals, but diseases ranging from chronic, mild diarrhoea to fulminant dysentery may occur. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

amebicides
Agents which are destructive to amebae, especially the parasitic species causing amebiasis in man and animal. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

amebocyte
1. A wandering cell found in invertebrates. ... 2. Obsolete term for leukocyte. ... 3. An in vitro tissue culture leukocyte. ... Origin: amoeba, + kytos, cell ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ameboid
1. Resembling an amoeba in appearance or characteristics. ... 2. Of irregular outline with peripheral projections; denoting the outline of a form of colony in plate culture. ... Origin: amoeba + G. Eidos, appearance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ameboid cell
A cell such as a leukocyte, having ameboid movements, with a power of locomotion. ... Synonym: wandering cell. ... Synonym: migratory cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ameboid movement
The movement characteristic of leukocytes and protozoan organisms of the superclass Rhizopoda. ... See: streaming movement, filopodium, lobopodium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ameboididity
The power of locomotion after the manner of an ameboid cell. ... Synonym: amoebaism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ameboidism
1. The performance of movements similar to those of an amoeba. ... Synonym: amoebaism. ... 2. Denoting a condition sometimes seen in certain nerve cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ameboma
A nodular, tumour-like focus of proliferative inflammation sometimes developing in chronic amoebiasis, especially in the wall of the colon. ... Synonym: amoebic granuloma. ... Origin: amoeba + G. -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amebula
Term applied to the excysted young amoebas of Entamoeba species that emerge from the cyst in the human or vertebrate gut and their immediate progeny, usually totalling eight, prior to their localization in the large intestine. ... Origin: fr. G. Amoibe, a change, alteration ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amebule
A minute amoeba. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ameburia
The presence of amoebas in the urine. ... Origin: amoeba + G. Ouron, urine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ameiosis
<cell biology> A form of nuclear division which does not reduce the number of chromosomes because both of the nuclear divisions normally part of the process of meiosis have failed to occur. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

amelanotic
Lacking in melanin. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + melas, black ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amelanotic melanoma
<tumour> An anaplastic melanoma consisting of cells derived from melanocytes but not forming melanin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amelia
<embryology> The congenital absence of a limb or limbs. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

amelioration
Improvement; moderation in the severity of a disease or the intensity of its symptoms. ... Origin: L. Ad, to, + melioro, to make better ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ameloblast
<cell biology> Columnar epithelial cells that secrete the enamel layer of teeth in mammals. Their apical surfaces are tapering Tomes processes) and are embedded within the enamel matrix. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

ameloblastic adenomatoid tumour
Synonym for adenomatoid odontogenic tumour ... A benign epithelial odontogenic tumour appearing radiographically as a well-circumscribed radiolucent-radiopaque lesion usually surrounding the crown of an impacted tooth in an adolescent or young adult; characterised histologically by columnar cells organised in a duct-like configuration interspersed w …

ameloblastic fibroma
<tumour> A benign mixed odontogenic tumour characterised by neoplastic proliferation of both epithelial and mesenchymal components of the tooth bud without the production of dental hard tissue; presents clinically as a slow-growing painless radiolucency occurring most commonly in the mandible of children and adolescents. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ameloblastic fibrosarcoma
<tumour> A rapidly growing, painful, destructive, radiolucent odontogenic tumour that usually arises through malignant change in the mesenchymal component of a pre-existing ameloblastic fibroma. ... Synonym: ameloblastic sarcoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ameloblastic layer
The internal layer of the enamel organ. ... Synonym: enamel layer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ameloblastic odontoma
<tumour> A benign mixed odontogenic tumour comprised of an undifferentiated component histologically identical to an ameloblastoma and a well differentiated component identical to an odontoma; appears as a mixed radiolucent-radiopaque lesion and presents clinically as an ameloblastoma. ... Synonym: odontoameloblastoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ameloblastic sarcoma
Synonym for ameloblastic fibrosarcoma ... <tumour> A rapidly growing, painful, destructive, radiolucent odontogenic tumour that usually arises through malignant change in the mesenchymal component of a pre-existing ameloblastic fibroma. ... Synonym: ameloblastic sarcoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ameloblastoma
<oncology, tumour> A malignant jaw tumour (adamantinoma) which stems from the ameloblasts, cells which form tooth enamel. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

ameloblastomatous craniopharyngioma
<tumour> A form of craniopharyngioma resembling an ameloblastoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ameloblasts
Cylindrical epithelial cells in the innermost layer of the enamel organ. Their functions include contribution to the development of the dentinoenamel junction by the deposition of a layer of the matrix, thus producing the foundation for the prisms (the structural units of the dental enamel), and production of the matrix for the enamel prisms and in …

amelodental junction
Amelodentinal junction, rarely used terms for dentinoenamel junction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amelodentinal
Synonym for dentinoenamel ... Relating to the dentin and enamel of teeth. ... Synonym: amelodentinal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amelogenesis
The elaboration of dental enamel by ameloblasts, beginning with its participation in the formation of the dentino-enamel junction to the production of the matrix for the enamel prisms and interprismatic substance. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

amelogenesis imperfecta
An autosomal dominant or x-linked disorder in which there is faulty development of the dental enamel owing to agenesis, hypoplasia, or hypocalcification of the enamel. It is marked by enamel that is very thin and friable and frequently stained in various shades of brown. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

amelogenin
<protein> Extracellular matrix proteins (20 and 25 kD) of developing dental enamel, regulate form and size of hydroxyapatite crystallites during mineralisation. Hydrophobic and proline rich, produced by ameloblasts. ... (05 Feb 1998) ...

amen
& [L. Amen, Gr, Heb. Amn certainly, truly. ... An expression used at the end of prayers, and meaning, So be it. At the end of a creed, it is a solemn asseveration of belief. When it introduces a declaration, it is equivalent to truly, verily. It is used as a noun, to demote: concurrence in belief, or in a statement; assent; the final word or act …

amenable
1. Easy to be led; governable, as a woman by her husband. ... 2. Liable to be brought to account or punishment; answerable; responsible; accountable; as, amenable to law. 'Nor is man too diminutive . . . To be amenable to the divine government.' (I. Taylor) ... 3. Liable to punishment, a charge, a claim, etc. ... 4. Willing to yield or submit; respons …

amend
To change or modify in any way for the better; as. ... By simply removing what is erroneous, corrupt, superfluous, faulty, and the like. ... By supplying deficiencies. ... By substituting something else in the place of what is removed; to rectify. 'Mar not the thing that can not be amended.' (Shak) 'An instant emergency, granting no possibility for re …

amende
A pecuniary punishment or fine; a reparation or recantation. Amende honorable. ... A species of infamous punishment in which the offender, being led into court with a rope about his neck, and a lighted torch in his hand, begged pardon of his God, the court, etc. In popular language, the phrase now denotes a public apology or recantation, and reparat …