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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

alveolodental canals
Synonym for alveolar canals ... Canals in the body of the maxilla that transmit nerves and vessels from the alveolar foramina to the maxillary teeth. ... Synonym: canales alveolares, alveolodental canals, dental canals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alveolodental ligament
Synonym for periodontal ligament ... <anatomy> Fibrous connective tissue surrounding the root of a tooth that separates it from and attaches it to the alveolar bone. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

alveolodental membrane
Synonym for periodontal ligament ... <anatomy> Fibrous connective tissue surrounding the root of a tooth that separates it from and attaches it to the alveolar bone. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

alveololabial
Relating to the labial or vestibular (outer) surface of the alveolar processes of the upper or lower jaw. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alveololabial groove
The upper and lower half of the labial vestibule, in the embryo, the groove formed by the deepening of the labial sulcus; its inner wall becomes incorporated with the alveolar process of the mandible or the maxilla, and its outer wall with the lips and cheeks. ... Synonym: alveololabial sulcus, gingivolabial groove, gingivolabial sulcus. ... (05 Mar …

alveololabial sulcus
Synonym for alveololabial groove ... The upper and lower half of the labial vestibule, in the embryo, the groove formed by the deepening of the labial sulcus; its inner wall becomes incorporated with the alveolar process of the mandible or the maxilla, and its outer wall with the lips and cheeks. ... Synonym: alveololabial sulcus, gingivolabial groov …

alveololabialis
Relating to the alveololabial groove or region. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alveololingual
Relating to the lingual (inner) surface of the alveolar process of the lower jaw. ... Synonym: alveolingual. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alveololingual groove
That part of the oral cavity proper, on each side of the frenulum linguae, between the tongue and the mandibular alveolar process or ridge, in the embryo, the groove on each side between the lingual primordium and the alveolar elevations of the mandible. ... Synonym: alveololingual sulcus, gingivolingual groove, gingivolingual sulcus. ... (05 Mar 200 …

alveololingual sulcus
Synonym for alveololingual groove ... That part of the oral cavity proper, on each side of the frenulum linguae, between the tongue and the mandibular alveolar process or ridge, in the embryo, the groove on each side between the lingual primordium and the alveolar elevations of the mandible. ... Synonym: alveololingual sulcus, gingivolingual groove, …

alveolonasal line
A line connecting the alveolar point and the nasion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alveolopalatal
Relating to the palatal surface of the alveolar process of the upper jaw. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alveoloplasty
Conservative contouring of the alveolar process, in preparation for immediate or future denture construction. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

alveoloschisis
A cleft of the alveolar process. ... Origin: alveolo-+ G. Schisis, cleaving ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alveolotomy
<procedure> Surgical opening into a dental alveolus to allow drainage of pus from a periapical or other intraosseous abscess. ... Origin: alveolo-+ G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alveolus
A small cell containing air in the lungs, a sac-like dilation of the alveolar ducts in the lung (plural: alveoli) ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

alveolus dentalis
tooth socket ...

alveoplasty
Synonym for alveoloplasty ... Conservative contouring of the alveolar process, in preparation for immediate or future denture construction. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

alveus
A channel or trough. ... Origin: L. Tray, trough, cavity, fr. Alvus, belly ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alveus hippocampi
Synonym for alveus of hippocampus ... A thin white band of fornix fibres covering the ventricular surface of the hippocampus. ... Synonym: alveus hippocampi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alveus of hippocampus
A thin white band of fornix fibres covering the ventricular surface of the hippocampus. ... Synonym: alveus hippocampi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alveus urogenitalis
An obsolete term for prostatic utricle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alvinolith
An obsolete term for coprolith. ... Origin: L. Alvus, belly, + G. Lithos, stone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alymphia
Absence or deficiency of lymph. ... Origin: G. A-priv + lymph +-ia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alymphocytosis
Absence or great reduction of lymphocytes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alymphoplasia
An obsolete term for aplasia or hypoplasia of lymphoid tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alzheimer disease
A degenerative organic mental disease characterised by progressive brain deterioration and dementia. The disease was originally described as dementia, presenile occurring in persons under the age of 65 (as opposed to dementia, senile with onset at or after 65); however, onset may occur at any age. There is no pathophysiological nor clinical distinc …

Alzheimer type I astrocyte
Enlarged frequently multinucleated astrocytes, seen in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Alzheimer type II astrocyte
Enlarged astrocytes with vesicular nuclei and one or more small basophilic nucleoli, seen in hepatocerebral disease and Wilson's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Alzheimer, Alois
<person> In 1901 a 51 year old woman, Auguste D, was admitted to the state asylum in Frankfurt. She was suffering from cognitive and language deficits, auditory hallucinations, delusions, paranoia and aggressive behaviour. She was studied by Alzheimer who was working at the hospital in Frankfurt. He moved to the medical school in Munich in 19 …

Alzheimer's dementia
Synonym for Alzheimer's disease ... <disease> A progressive, neurodegenerative disease characterised by loss of function and death of nerve cells in several areas of the brain leading to loss of cognitive function such as memory and language. ... The cause of nerve cell death is unknown but the cells are recognised by the appearance of unusual …

Alzheimer's disease
<disease> A progressive, neurodegenerative disease characterised by loss of function and death of nerve cells in several areas of the brain leading to loss of cognitive function such as memory and language. ... The cause of nerve cell death is unknown but the cells are recognised by the appearance of unusual helical protein filaments in the ne …

Alzheimer's sclerosis
Hyaline degeneration of the medium and smaller blood vessels of the brain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Am antigens
Allotypic determinants (antigens) on human immunoglobulin alpha heavy chains. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

AMA
See Adaptive Management Area. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

amacrine
1. A cell or structure lacking a long, fibrous process. ... 2. Denoting such a cell or structure. ... See: amacrine cell. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + makros, long, + is (in-), fibre ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amacrine cell
<cell biology> A class of neuron of the middle layer of the retina, with processes parallel to the plane of the retina. They are thought to be involved in image processing. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

amadavat
<ornithology> The strawberry finch, a small Indian song bird (Estrelda amandava), commonly caged and kept for fighting. The female is olive brown; the male, in summer, mostly crimson. ... Synonym: red waxbill. ... Alternative forms: amaduvad and avadavat. ... Origin: Indian name. From Ahmedabad, a city from which it was imported to Europe. ... So …

amadou
A spongy, combustible substance, prepared from fungus (Boletus and Polyporus) which grows on old trees; German tinder; punk. It has been employed as a styptic by surgeons, but its common use is as tinder, for which purpose it is prepared by soaking it in a strong solution of niter. ... Origin: F. Amadou tinder, prop. Lure, bait, fr. Amadouer to allu …

amalgam
<dentistry> A soft metal which results from an alloy of a metal with mercury. Commonly used as a silver-tin or copper alloy in dentistry for fillings. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

amalgam carrier
An instrument used to transport triturated amalgam to a cavity preparation and to deposit it therein. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amalgam matrix
A device used during placement of the amalgam mass within a compound cavity preparation, facilitating proper condensation and contour thereof by providing a confining wall. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amalgam strip
A linen strip without abrasive used to smooth proximal contours of newly placed amalgam restorations. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amalgam tattoo
A bluish-black or gray macular lesion of the oral mucous membrane caused by accidental implantation of silver amalgam into the tissue during tooth restoration or extraction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amalgamate
To make an amalgam. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amalgamation
The process of combining mercury with a metal or an alloy to form a new alloy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amalgamator
A device for combining mercury with a metal or an alloy to form a new alloy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amanita
A genus of fungi of the family agaricaceae, order agaricales; most species are poisonous. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Amanita muscaria
A toxic species of mushroom with yellow to red pileus and white gills; it contains muscarine, which produces psychosis-like states and other symptoms. ... Synonym: fly agaric. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amanita phalloides
<fungus> A poisonous species of mushroom known for destructive effects on the liver and kidneys. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

amanitins
<pharmacology> Cyclic peptides. The most toxic components of Amanita phalloides (Death cap toadstool). Specific inhibitors of RNA polymerase II in eukaryotes thus inhibiting protein synthesis by blocking the production of mRNA. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

amantadine
<drug> Used as an antiviral agent (especially against influenza virus). Produces some symptomatic relief in Parkinsonism. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

amantadine hydrochloride
1-Adamantanamine;an antiviral agent used for influenza; also used to treat parkinsonism where it increases dopamine release and reduces its reuptake into dopaminergic nerve terminals of substantia nigra neurons. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amara
Synonym: bitters. ... Origin: neut. Pl. Of L. Amarus, bitter ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amaranth
1. An imaginary flower supposed never to fade. ... 2. <botany> A genus of ornamental annual plants (Amaranthus) of many species, with green, purplish, or crimson flowers. ... 2. A colour inclining to purple. ... Origin: L. Amarantus, Gr, unfading, amaranth; priv. + to quench, cause to wither, fr. A root meaning to die, akin to E. Mortal; so call …

amaranth solution
A 1% solution of amaranth (trisodium naphthol sulfonic acid), a synthetic vivid red dye, stable in acid and intensified in sodium hydroxide solution; used as a red or pink colourant in liquid pharmaceuticals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amaranthum
1-(4-sulfo-1-naphthylazo)-2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonate (trisodium salt);an azo dye; a soluble reddish brown powder, the colour turning to magenta red in solution; used as a food and cosmetic colouring agent, and occasionally in histology. ... Origin: G. Amaranthon, a never-fading flower ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amaroid
A bitter extractive that does not belong to the class of glycosides, alkaloids, or any of the known proximate principles of plants. ... Origin: L. Amarus, bitter, + G. Eidos, like ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amaroidal
Resembling bitters; having a slightly bitter taste. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amarum
One of a class of vegetable drugs of bitter taste, such as gentian and quassia, used as appetisers and tonics. ... Origin: neut. Of L. Amarus, bitter ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amaryllis
1. A pastoral sweetheart. 'To sport with Amaryllis in the shade.' (Milton) ... 2. <botany> A family of plants much esteemed for their beauty, including the narcissus, jonquil, daffodil, agave, and others. A genus of the same family, including the Belladonna lily. ... Origin: L. Amaryllis, Gr, the name of a country girl in Theocritus and Virgil. …

amastia
Absence of the breasts. ... Synonym: amazia. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + mastos, breast ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amastigote
Synonym: Leishman-Donovan body. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + mastix, whip ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amathophobia
<psychology> Morbid dread of dust or dirt. ... Origin: G. Amathos, dust, + phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amatoxin
One of a group of bicyclic octapeptides from Amanita phalloides. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amaurosis
<ophthalmology> Blindness, often occurs from a cortical lesion or from no change in the eye itself ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

amaurosis congenita of Leber
An autosomal recessive cone-rod abiotrophy causing blindness or severely reduced vision at birth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amaurosis fugax
<symptom> This refers to a symptom that is described as a shade coming down over the eye. ... This temporary interference in vision is causally related to atherosclerosis in the blood vessels that supply the brain. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

amaurotic
Relating to or suffering from amaurosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amaurotic cat's eye
A yellow reflex from the pupil in cases of retinoblastoma or pseudoglioma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amaurotic mydriasis
A moderate widening of both pupils resulting from impaired visual input from one or both eyes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amaurotic nystagmus
Synonym for ocular nystagmus ... The pendular or, rarely, jerky nystagmus seen in severely reduced vision. ... Synonym: amaurotic nystagmus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amaurotic pupil
Pupil in an eye that is blind because of ocular or optic nerve disease; this pupil will not contract to light except when the normal fellow eye is stimulated with light. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amaxophobia
<psychology> Rarely used term for morbid fear of, or of riding in, a vehicle. ... Synonym: hamaxophobia. ... Origin: G. Amaxa, hamaxa, a carriage, + phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amazia
Synonym for amastia ... Absence of the breasts. ... Synonym: amazia. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + mastos, breast ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amazon
1. One of a fabulous race of female warriors in Scythia; hence, a female warrior. ... 2. A tall, strong, masculine woman; a virago. ... 3. <ornithology> A name numerous species of South American parrots of the genus Chrysotis. ... <zoology> Amazon ant, a species of ant (Polyergus rufescens), of Europe and America. They seize by conquest th …

ambageusia
Loss of taste from both sides of the tongue. ... Origin: L. Ambo, both, + G. A-priv. + geusis, taste ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambal
<radiobiology> An ambipolar trap (tandem mirror) located at Novosibirsk in Russia. (Any additional information would be welcome.) ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Ambard, Leon
<person> French pharmacologist, 1876-1962. ... See: Ambard's constant, Ambard's laws. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ambard's constant
Synonym for Ambard's laws ... <physiology> Obsolete law's for output of urea: ... 1. With the urinary urea concentration constant, urea output varies directly as the square of the concentration of the blood urea. ... 2. With the blood urea concentration constant, urea output varies inversely as the square root of its urinary concentration. ... (0 …

Ambard's laws
<physiology> Obsolete law's for output of urea: ... 1. With the urinary urea concentration constant, urea output varies directly as the square of the concentration of the blood urea. ... 2. With the blood urea concentration constant, urea output varies inversely as the square root of its urinary concentration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambenonium chloride
<chemical> A quaternary ammonium compound that is an inhibitor of cholinesterase activity with actions similar to those of neostigmine, but of longer duration. Ambenonium is given by mouth in the treatment of myasthenia gravis. ... Pharmacological action: cholinesterase inhibitor, parasympathomimetic. ... Chemical name: Benzenemethanaminium, N, …

amber
1. <chemical> A yellowish translucent resin resembling copal, found as a fossil in alluvial soils, with beds of lignite, or on the seashore in many places. It takes a fine polish, and is used for pipe mouthpieces, beads, etc, and as a basis for a fine varnish. By friction, it becomes strongly electric. ... 2. Amber colour, or anything amber-co …

amber codon
<molecular biology> One of the three terminator codons. Its sequence is UAG. ... See: ochre codon, opal codon. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

amber mutant
A mutant with a mutation resulting in a UAG codon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amber mutation
<molecular biology> A mutation from a codon which codes for an amino acid into the amber codon UAG, which normally signals that the translation of mRNA into an amino acid chain should stop. ... The mutation causes the amino acid chain to stop forming before it is actually completed. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

amber suppressor
<molecular biology> A tRNA molecule which suppresses amber mutations because it has mutated to recognise the amber codon UAG (which normally signals that the translation of mRNA into an amino acid chain should stop) as a signal for inserting whatever amino acid it carries into the chain. As a result, it can prevent the amino acid chain from e …

Amberg, Emil
<person> U.S. Otologist, 1868-1948. ... See: Amberg's lateral sinus line. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Amberg's lateral sinus line
A line dividing the angle formed by the anterior edge of the mastoid process and the temporal line. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambergris
A substance of the consistence of wax, found floating in the Indian Ocean and other parts of the tropics, and also as a morbid secretion in the intestines of the sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus), which is believed to be in all cases its true origin. In colour it is white, ash-gray, yellow, or black, and often variegated like marble. The floatin …

ambi-
Around; on all (both) sides; both, double; corresponds to G. Amphi-. ... See: ambo-. ... Origin: L., around, about, akin to ambo, both ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambident anion
<chemistry> A group of atoms that carry an overall negative charge and which can donate electrons to electron acceptors such as metal atoms. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

ambident ligand
<chemistry> A ligand that can donate electrons through two or more atoms on their molecule. ... (05 Feb 1998) ...

ambidexterity
<neurology> The ability to use both hands with equal ease. ... (05 Feb 1998) ...

ambidextrism
Synonym for ambidexterity ... <neurology> The ability to use both hands with equal ease. ... (05 Feb 1998) ...

ambidextrous
Having equal facility in the use of both hands. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambient
<ecology> Describes the surrounding environment (especially temperature and pressure) of an object or experiment, in particular an environment which affects the object or experiment but is not affected by it. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

ambient air quality
The condition of the air in the surrounding environment. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

ambient behaviour
Synonym for aversive behaviour ... <psychology> The movement of an organism away from a certain type of stimulus, such as electric shock. ... Compare: appetitive behaviour. ... Synonym: ambient behaviour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ambient cistern
Synonym for cistern of great cerebral vein ... <anatomy, vein> An expansion of the subarachnoid space extending forward between the corpus callosum and the thalamus; it encloses the internal cerebral veins which caudally join to form the vena magna cerebri (Galen's vein). ... Synonym: ambient cistern, Bichat's canal, Bichat's foramen, cistern o …