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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

ampicillin resistance
Nonsusceptibility of a microbe to the action of ampicillin, a penicillin derivative that interferes with cell wall synthesis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ample
Large; great in size, extent, capacity, or bulk; spacious; roomy; widely extended. 'All the people in that ample house Did to that image bow their humble knees.' (Spenser) ... 2. Fully sufficient; abundant; liberal; copious; as, an ample fortune; ample justice. ... 3. Not contracted of brief; not concise; extended; diffusive; as, an ample narrative.< …

amplexicaul
<botany> Of a leaf base: stem-clasping. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

amplexus
The pairing of male and female at the time that eggs and sperm are discharged simultaneously in those species, such as frogs, in which fertilization occurs externally. ... Origin: L. An embrace, fr. Amplector, pp. -plexus, to wind around ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amplicon
<molecular biology> A term for any small, replicating DNA fragment. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

amplification
<molecular biology> An increase in the number of copies of a specific DNA fragment, can be in vivo or in vitro. ... See: cloning, polymerase chain reaction. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

amplifier
<microscopy> When the projected image of the microscope is projected less than 250 mm the objective may be moved enough from its usual position (for visual observation) to degrade the image. It can be restored by adding a lens above the ocular to bring the image into focus on the desired plane but with the objective still in its position of b …

amplifier host
A host in which infectious agents multiply rapidly to high levels, providing an important source of infection for vectors in vector-borne diseases. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amplifiers
Electronic devices that increase the strength of an input signal, or apparatus for increasing the magnification of a microscope. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Ampligase
<enzyme> Commercial enzyme used in ligase chain reaction to amplify DNA ... Registry number: EC 6.5.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

amplitude
1. State of being ample; extent of surface or space; largeness of dimensions; size. 'The cathedral of Lincoln . . . Is a magnificent structure, proportionable to the amplitude of the diocese.' (Fuller) ... 2. Largeness, in a figurative sense; breadth; abundance; fullness. Of extent of capacity or intellectual powers. 'Amplitude of mind.' . 'Amplitud …

amplitude of accommodation
The difference in refractivity of the eye at rest and when fully accommodated. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amplitude of convergence
The distance between the near point and far point of convergence. ... Synonym: range of convergence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amplitude of pulse
See: average pulse magnitude, peak magnitude. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampoule
A small glass or plastic container capable of being sealed so as to preserve its contents in a sterile condition, used principally for containing sterile parenteral solutions (American English: ampule). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

amprolium
<chemical> 1-((4-amino-2-propyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl)-2-methylpyridinium chloride. Veterinary coccidiostat that interferes with thiamine metabolism. It may cause thiamine deficiency. ... Pharmacological action: coccidiostats. ... Chemical name: Pyridinium, 1-((4-amino-2-propyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl)-2-methyl-, chloride, monohydrochloride ... (12 …

amprotropine phosphate
3-Diethylamino-2,2-dimethylpropyl tropate phosphate;an antispasmodic, similar in action to atropine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampule
A hermetically sealed container, usually made of glass, containing a sterile medicinal solution, or powder to be made up in solution, to be used for subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous injection. ... Synonym: ampoule. ... Origin: L. Ampulla ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampulla
Origin: L. ... 1. A narrow-necked vessel having two handles and bellying out like a jug. ... 2. A cruet for the wine and water at Mass. The vase in which the holy oil for chrism, unction, or coronation is kept. ... 3. <biology> Any membranous bag shaped like a leathern bottle, as the dilated end of a vessel or duct; especially the dilations of t …

ampulla canaliculi lacrimalis
Synonym for ampulla of lacrimal canaliculus ... A slight dilation at the angle of the lacrimal canaliculus immediately beyond the lacrimal punctum. ... Synonym: ampulla canaliculi lacrimalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampulla chyli
Synonym for cisterna chyli ... A dilated sac at the lower end of the thoracic duct into which the intestinal trunk and two lumbar lymphatic trunks open; it occurs inconstantly and when present is located posterior to the aorta on the anterior aspect of the bodies of the first and second lumbar vertebrae. ... Synonym: ampulla chyli, chyle cistern, chy …

ampulla ductus deferentis
Synonym for ampulla of ductus deferens ... The dilation of the ductus deferens where it approaches its contralateral partner just before it is joined by the duct of the seminal vesicle. ... Synonym: ampulla ductus deferentis, Henle's ampulla. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampulla ductus lacrimalis
Incorrect term for ampulla of lacrimal canaliculus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampulla duodeni
Synonym for duodenal ampulla ... The dilated portion of the superior part of the duodenum. ... Synonym: ampulla duodeni. ... See: duodenal cap. ... Synonym: hepatopancreatic ampulla. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampulla hepatopancreatica
Synonym for hepatopancreatic ampulla ... The dilation within the major duodenal papilla that normally receives both the common bile duct and the main pancreatic duct. ... Synonym: ampulla hepatopancreatica, duodenal ampulla, Vater's ampulla. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampulla lactifera
Synonym for lactiferous sinus ... A circumscribed spindle-shaped dilation of the lactiferous duct just before it enters the nipple. In nursing mothers this dilatation stores a droplet of milk which is expressed by compression as the infant begins to suckle; this is thought to encourage continual suckling while the let-down reflex ensues. ... Synonym: …

ampulla membranacea
Synonym for ampulla of the semicircular ducts ... A nearly spherical enlargement of one end of each of the three semicircular ducts, anterior, posterior, and lateral, where they connect with the utricle. Each contains a neuroepithelial crista ampullaris. ... Synonym: ampulla membranacea, membranous ampulla. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampulla of ductus deferens
The dilation of the ductus deferens where it approaches its contralateral partner just before it is joined by the duct of the seminal vesicle. ... Synonym: ampulla ductus deferentis, Henle's ampulla. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampulla of gallbladder
Hartmann's pouch ...

ampulla of lacrimal canaliculus
A slight dilation at the angle of the lacrimal canaliculus immediately beyond the lacrimal punctum. ... Synonym: ampulla canaliculi lacrimalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampulla of milk duct
Synonym for lactiferous sinus ... A circumscribed spindle-shaped dilation of the lactiferous duct just before it enters the nipple. In nursing mothers this dilatation stores a droplet of milk which is expressed by compression as the infant begins to suckle; this is thought to encourage continual suckling while the let-down reflex ensues. ... Synonym: …

ampulla of rectum
Synonym for rectal ampulla ... A dilated portion of the rectum just above the anal canal. ... Synonym: ampulla recti, ampulla of rectum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampulla of the semicircular canals
A circumscribed dilation of one extremity of each of the three bony semicircular canals, anterior, posterior, and lateral; each contains an ampulla of the semicircular ducts. ... Synonym: ampulla ossea, osseous ampulla. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampulla of the semicircular ducts
A nearly spherical enlargement of one end of each of the three semicircular ducts, anterior, posterior, and lateral, where they connect with the utricle. Each contains a neuroepithelial crista ampullaris. ... Synonym: ampulla membranacea, membranous ampulla. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampulla of uterine tube
The wide portion of the uterine (fallopian) tube near the fimbriated extremity; it has a complexly folded mucosa with a columnar epithelium of mostly ciliated cells between which are secretory cells. ... Synonym: ampulla tubae uterinae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampulla of vater
A dilatation of the ducts (tubes) from the liver and pancreas at the point where they enter the small intestine (duodenum). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

ampulla ossea
Synonym for ampulla of the semicircular canals ... A circumscribed dilation of one extremity of each of the three bony semicircular canals, anterior, posterior, and lateral; each contains an ampulla of the semicircular ducts. ... Synonym: ampulla ossea, osseous ampulla. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampulla recti
Synonym for rectal ampulla ... A dilated portion of the rectum just above the anal canal. ... Synonym: ampulla recti, ampulla of rectum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampulla tubae uterinae
Synonym for ampulla of uterine tube ... The wide portion of the uterine (fallopian) tube near the fimbriated extremity; it has a complexly folded mucosa with a columnar epithelium of mostly ciliated cells between which are secretory cells. ... Synonym: ampulla tubae uterinae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampullar
Relating in any sense to an ampulla. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampullar abortion
Abortion resulting from pregnancy in the ampulla of the fallopian tube. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampullar pregnancy
Tubal pregnancy situated near the midportion of the oviduct. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampullary aneurysm
Synonym for saccular aneurysm ... A saclike bulging on one side of an artery. ... Synonym: ampullary aneurysm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampullary crest
An elevation on the inner surface of the ampulla of each semicircular duct; filaments of the vestibular nerve pass through the crista to reach hair cells on its surface; the hair cells are capped by the cupula, a gelatinous protein-polysaccharide mass. ... Synonym: crista ampullaris, acoustic crest, transverse septum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampullary folds of uterine tube
One of the folds of mucous membrane at the fimbriated extremity of the uterine tube. ... Synonym: plicae ampullares tubae uterinae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampullary sulcus
The groove on the external surface of the ampulla of each semicircular duct where the nerve enters the crista ampullaris. ... Synonym: sulcus ampullaris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampullitis
Inflammation of any ampulla, especially of the dilated extremity of the vas deferens or of the ampulla of Vater. ... Origin: ampulla + G. Itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampullula
A circumscribed dilation of any minute lymphatic or blood vessel or duct. ... Origin: Mod. L. Dim. Of L. Ampulla ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amputating ulcer
An ulcer encircling a limb. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amputation
Removal of an appending part (appendage) ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

amputation by transfixion
Amputation performed by transfixing the soft parts with a long knife and cutting the flap or flaps from within outward. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amputation knife
A broad-bladed knife used primarily for transecting large muscles during major amputations. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amputation neuroma
traumatic neuroma ...

amputation stumps
The distal end of a limb left after amputation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

amputation, traumatic
Loss of a limb or other bodily appendage by accidental injury. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

amputee
A person with an amputated limb or part of limb. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampyrone
<chemical> 4-amino-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-3h-pyrazolone. A metabolite of aminopyrine with analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. It is used as a reagent for biochemical reactions producing peroxides or phenols. Ampyrone stimulates liver microsomes and is also used to measure extracellular water. ... Pharmacological action: non-steroidal an …

amrinone
<chemical> A positive inotropic cardiotonic agent with vasodilator properties, phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity, and the ability to stimulate calcium ion influx into the cardiac cell. Its therapeutic use in congestive heart or left ventricular failure is associated with significant increases in the cardiac index, reductions in pulmonary …

amrinone lactate
5-Amino-(3,4'-bipyridin)-6(1H)-one;an inotropic agent with vasodilator activity, used in management of congestive heart failure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amsacrine
<chemical> N-(4-(9-acridinylamino)-3-methoxyphenyl)methanesulfonamide. Aminoacridine derivative that is a potent intercalating antineoplastic agent. It is effective in the treatment of acute leukaemias and malignant lymphomas, but has poor activity in the treatment of solid tumours. It is frequently used in combination with other antineoplast …

Amsler test
Projection of a visual field defect onto an Amsler chart. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Amsler, Marc
<person> Swiss ophthalmologist, 1891-1968. ... See: Amsler's chart, Amsler test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Amsler's chart
A 10-cm square divided into 5-mm squares upon which an individual may project a defect in the central visual field. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Amsterdam syndrome
Synonym for de Lange syndrome ... <syndrome> A congenital anomaly characterised by impaired development, mental retardation, characteristic facies with snyophrys and hairline well down on forehead, depressed bridge of nose with uptilted tip of nose, small head with low-set ears, and flat spadelike hands with simian crease and short tapering fi …

amu
<abbreviation> Atomic mass unit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amusement
1. Deep thought; muse. 'Here I . . . Fell into a strong and deep amusement, revolving in my mind, with great perplexity, the amazing change of our affairs.' (Fleetwood) ... 2. The state of being amused; pleasurable excitement; that which amuses; diversion. 'His favorite amusements were architecture and gardening.' (Macaulay) ... Synonym: Diversion, e …

amusia
A form of aphasia characterised by an inability to produce or recognise music. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + mousa, music ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Amussat, Jean
<person> French surgeon, 1796-1856. ... See: Amussat's valve, Amussat's valvula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Amussat's valve
Synonym for spiral fold of cystic duct ... A series of crescentic folds of mucous membrane in the upper part of the cystic duct, arranged in a somewhat spiral manner. ... Synonym: plica spiralis ductus cystici, Amussat's valve, Heister's valve, spiral valve of cystic duct, valvula spiralis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Amussat's valvula
Synonym for posterior urethral valves ... Anomalous folds occurring at the level of the seminal colliculus. ... Synonym: Amussat's valvula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

AMW
See Average megawatt. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

amychophobia
<psychology> Morbid fear of being scratched. ... Origin: G. Amyche, a scratch, + phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Amycolatopsis
A genus created in 1986. It can be isolated from soil, vegetable manner, and clinical specimens. The type species is Amycolatopsis orientalis. ... Amycolatopsis orientalis subsp. Lurida ... A species that produces ristocetin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amyctic
An obsolete term for itchy or irritating. ... Origin: G. Amyssein, to scratch, scarify ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amyelencephalia
Congenital absence of both brain and spinal cord. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + myelos, marrow, + enkephalos, brain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amyelencephalic
Denoting or characteristic of amyelencephalia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amyelia
Congenital absence of the spinal cord, found in association with anencephaly. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + myelos, marrow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amyelinated
Synonym for unmyelinated ... Denoting nerve fibres (axons) lacking a myelin sheath. ... Synonym: amyelinated, amyelinic, nonmedullated, nonmyelinated, unmedullated. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amyelination
Failure of formation of myelin sheath of a nerve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amyelinic
Synonym for unmyelinated ... Denoting nerve fibres (axons) lacking a myelin sheath. ... Synonym: amyelinated, amyelinic, nonmedullated, nonmyelinated, unmedullated. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amyeloic
Synonym: amyelous. ... 2. In haematology, sometimes used to indicate the absence of bone marrow or the lack of functional participation of bone marrow in haemopoiesis. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + myelos, marrow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amygdala
Denoting the cerebellar tonsil, as well as the lymphatic tonsils (pharyngeal, palatine, lingual, laryngeal, and tubal). ... Origin: L. Fr. G. Amygdale, almond; in Mediev. & Mod. L., a tonsil ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amygdala cerebelli
Synonym for cerebellar tonsil ... A rounded lobule on the undersurface of each cerebellar hemisphere, continuous medially with the uvula of the cerebellar vermis. ... Synonym: tonsilla cerebelli, amygdala cerebelli. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amygdalase
Synonym for beta-d-glucosidase ... A glucohydrolase similar to alpha-d-glucosidase, but attacking beta-glucosides and releasing beta-d-glucose. ... Synonym: amygdalase, cellobiase, gentiobiase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amygdalin beta(1-6)glucosidase
<enzyme> Forms prunasin and glucose ... Registry number: EC 3.2.1.- ... Synonym: laetrile glucosidase, amygdalin hydrolase I, amygdalin hydrolase II ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

amygdaline
1. Relating to an almond. ... 2. Relating to a tonsil, or to the brain structure called amygdala or amygdaloid nuclear complex. ... Synonym: tonsillar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amygdaloid
<chemical> A variety of trap or basaltic rock, containing small cavities, occupied, wholly or in part, by nodules or geodes of different minerals, especially. Agates, quartz, calcite, and the zeolites. When the imbedded minerals are detached or removed by decomposition, it is porous, like lava. ... Origin: Gr. Almond: cf. F. Amygdaloide. ... So …

amygdaloid body
Almond-shaped group of basal nuclei anterior to the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle of the brain, within the temporal lobe. The amygdala is part of the limbic system. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

amygdaloid complex
Synonym for amygdaloid body ... Almond-shaped group of basal nuclei anterior to the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle of the brain, within the temporal lobe. The amygdala is part of the limbic system. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

amygdaloid fossa
Synonym for tonsillar fossa ... The depression between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches occupied by the palatine tonsil. ... Synonym: fossa tonsillaris, amygdaloid fossa, sinus tonsillaris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amygdaloid nucleus
Synonym for amygdaloid body ... Almond-shaped group of basal nuclei anterior to the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle of the brain, within the temporal lobe. The amygdala is part of the limbic system. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

amygdaloid tubercle
A projection from the roof of the anterior end-portion of the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle, marking the location of the amygdaloid nucleus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amyl alcohol
1-pentanol;used as a solvent for varnishes and oils; highly toxic, with irritating vapors. ... See: fusel oil. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amyl hydrate
C5H11NO2;a vasodilator used in angina pectoris and cyanide poisoning. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amyl nitrite
<chemical> A vasodilator that is administered by inhalation. It is also used recreationally due to its supposed ability to induce euphoria and act as an aphrodisiac. ... Pharmacological action: aphrodisiacs, vasodilator agents. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

amyl valerate
Isoamyl isovalerate;used as a sedative; formerly used in the treatment of gallstones because of its solvent action on cholesterol. ... Synonym: apple oil. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amylaceous
Starchy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amylaemia
The hypothetical presence of starch in the circulating blood. ... Origin: amylo-+ G. Haima, blood ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amylase-creatinine clearance ratio
A test for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis; it is determined by measuring amylase and creatinine in serum and urine in apparently healthy individuals the renal clearance of amylase is less than 5% that of creatinine; in acute pancreatitis the ratio is said to be greater than 0.05 or 5%. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amylases
<enzyme> A group of amylolytic enzymes that cleave starch, glycogen, and related alpha-1,4-glucans. ... Registry number: EC 3.2.1.- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...