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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

amorphagnosia
Inability to recognise the size and shape of objects. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + morphe, shape, + gnosis, recognition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amorphic allele
<genetics, molecular biology> An allele which is genetically inactive. ... (05 Feb 1998) ...

amorphosynthesis
Disorder of recognition of the right side of the body in spatial relationships, caused by a lesion of the left parietal lobe. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + morphe, form, + synthesis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amorphous
<cell biology> Having an irregular or undefined shape or structure. ... (05 Feb 1998) ...

amorphous insulin zinc suspension
Synonym for prompt insulin zinc suspension ... Sterile suspension of insulin in buffered water for injection, modified by the addition of zinc chloride such that the solid phase of the suspension is amorphous; it contains 40 or 80 units per ml; the duration of action is equivalent to that of insulin injection. ... Synonym: amorphous insulin zinc susp …

amorphous phosphorus
Red phosphorus, an allotropic form of phosphorus formed by heating ordinary phosphorus, in the absence of oxygen, to 260°C; it occurs as an amorphous dark red mass or powder, nonpoisonous, and much less flammable than ordinary phosphorus; it may be reconverted to the latter by heating to 454.4°C in nitrogen gas. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amorphus
A malformed foetus with rudimentary head, limbs, and heart. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + morphe, form, shape ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Amoss, Harold
<person> U. S. Physician, 1886-1956. ... See: Amoss' sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Amoss' sign
<clinical sign> In painful flexion of the spine, it is necessary to support a sitting position by extending the arms behind the torso with the weight placed on the hands. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amotio placentae
Synonym for abruptio placentae ... <obstetrics> This is the premature separation of the placenta, i.e. Separation of the placenta from the site of implantation on the uterus before the delivery of the foetus. It is a life threatening condition for the foetus and occurs about 1 in 500 to 750 deliveries. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

amount
1. To go up; to ascend. 'So up he rose, and thence amounted straight.' (Spenser) ... 2. To rise or reach by an accumulation of particular sums or quantities; to come (to) in the aggregate or whole; with to or unto. ... 3. To rise, reach, or extend in effect, substance, or influence; to be equivalent; to come practically (to); as, the testimony amount …

amoxapine
<drug> This prescription drug is used to treat depression (it is a tricyclic antidepressant of the dibenzoxazepine class.) ... It may cause tardive dyskinesia in some people, and it causes a wide range of side effects. Patients may suffer withdrawal symptoms if they stop taking this drug abruptly. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

amoxicillin
<chemical> (2s-(2 alpha,5 alpha,6 beta(s*)))-6-((amino(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetyl)amino)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo(3.2.0)heptane-2-carboxylic acid. A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to ampicillin except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration. ... Pharmacological action: …

AMP
<abbreviation> Adenosine monophosphate; specifically, the 5'-monophosphate unless modified by a numerical prefix. ... See: adenylic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

AMP deaminase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the deamination of AMP to imp. ... Chemical name: AMP aminohydrolase ... Registry number: EC 3.5.4.6 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

AMP-activated protein kinase kinase
<enzyme> An endogenous kinase kinase; reactivates the inactive form of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMP-pk); phosphorylates the 63-kD subunit of AMP-pk ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- ... Synonym: AMP-pk reactivator, hmg CoA reductase kinase kinase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

AMPA receptor
<cell biology> Glutamate operated ion channel. ... See: excitatory amino acid receptor channels. ... (05 Feb 1998) ...

amperage
Strength of electric current. ... See: ampere. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampere
<physics, unit> The standard unit for measuring the strength of an electric current representing the flow of one coulomb of electricity per second. 1 kiloampere = 1000 amperes, 1 megampere = 1,000,000 amperes. ... Abbreviation: A ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

Ampere, Andre-Marie
<person, radiobiology> French physicist responsible for much of what is known about the fundamentals of electromagnetism. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

Ampere's law
<physics> General equation in electromagnetism relating the magnetic field and the currents generating it. The various forms of the equation can be found in an introductory electromagnetism text. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Ampere's postulate
Synonym for Avogadro's law ... Equal volumes of gases contain equal numbers of molecules, the conditions of pressure and temperature being the same. ... Synonym: Ampere's postulate, Avogadro's hypothesis, Avogadro's postulate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amperometric
<chemistry> Refers to any type of chemical analysis that involves using electrical currents. ... (05 Feb 1998) ...

amperometry
Determination of any analyte concentration by measurement of the current generated in a suitable chemical reaction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampheclexis
Reciprocal sexual selection, i.e., by both male and female. ... Origin: G. Amphi, two-sided, + eklexis, selection ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphetamine
<drug> Drug of abuse that acts by increasing extraneuronal dopamine in midbrain. Thought to displace dopamine in synaptic vesicles, leading to increased synaptic levels. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

amphetamine-related disorders
Disorders related or resulting from use of amphetamines. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

amphetamines
Analogs or derivatives of amphetamine. Many are sympathomimetic and central nervous system stimulators causing excitation, vasopression, bronchodilation, and to varying degrees, anorexia, analepsis, nasal decongestion, and some smooth muscle relaxation; these agents may be used for fatigue, narcolepsy, parkinsonism, hypotension, or appetite depress …

amphi-
On both sides, surrounding, double; corresponds to L. Ambi-. ... Origin: G. Amphi,, amphi-, on both sides, about, around ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphiarthrodial
Relating to a symphysis (amphiarthrosis). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphibaric
Denoting a pharmacologic material that may lower or elevate arterial blood pressure, depending on the dose. ... Origin: amphi-+ G. Baros, pressure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphibia
<zoology> One of the classes of vertebrates. ... The Amphibia are distinguished by having usually no scales, by having eggs and embryos similar to those of fishes, and by undergoing a complete metamorphosis, the young having gills. There are three living orders: (1) The tailless, as the frogs (Anura); (2) The tailed (Urodela), as the salamande …

amphibian venoms
Venoms produced by frogs, toads, salamanders, etc. The venom glands are usually on the skin of the back and contain cardiotoxic glycosides, cholinolytics, and a number of other bioactive materials, many of which have been characterised. The venoms have been used as arrow poisons and include bufogenin, bufotoxin, bufagin, bufotalin, histrionicotoxin …

amphibiology
<study> A treatise on amphibious animals; the department of natural history which treats of the Amphibia. ... Origin: Gr. Amphibious: cf. F. Amphibiologie. ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

amphibious
1. Having the ability to live both on land and in water, as frogs, crocodiles, beavers, and some plants. ... 2. Pertaining to, adapted for, or connected with, both land and water. 'The amphibious character of the Greeks was already determined: they were to be lords of land and sea.' (Hare) ... 3. Of a mixed nature; partaking of two natures. 'Not in f …

amphibole
<chemical> A common mineral embracing many varieties varying in colour and in composition. It occurs in monoclinic crystals; also massive, generally with fibrous or columnar structure. The colour varies from white to gray, green, brown, and black. It is a silicate of magnesium and calcium, with usually aluminium and iron. Some common varietie …

amphibolic
<biochemistry> Description of a pathway that functions not only to catabolise, but also to provide precursors for anabolic pathways ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

amphibolic fistula
A complete anal fistula opening both externally and internally. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphibology
<study> A phrase, discourse, or proposition, susceptible of two interpretations; and hence, of uncertain meaning. It differs from equivocation, which arises from the twofold sense of a single term. ... Origin: L. Amphibologia, Gr.ambiguous: cf. F. Amphibologie. ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

amphicelous
Concave at each end, as the body of a vertebra of a fish. ... Origin: amphi-+ G. Koilos, hollow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphicentric
Centreing at both ends, said of a rete mirabile that begins by the vessel breaking up into a number of branches and ends by the branches joining again to form the same vessel. ... Origin: amphi-+ G. Kentron, centre ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphichromatic
Having the property of exhibiting either of two colours; e.g., litmus, an amphichromatic pigment which is red in acids and blue in alkalis. ... Synonym: amphichroic. ... Origin: amphi-+ G. Chroma, colour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphicyte
One of the cells located around the bodies of the cerebrospinal and sympathetic ganglionic neurons. ... Synonym: capsule cell. ... Origin: amphi-+ G. Kytos, cell ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphidiploid
Having a complete diploid chromosome set from each parent strain. ... Origin: amphi + diploid ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphidromous
<marine biology> Moving from fresh water to the sea, or vice versa, for nonreproductive purposes such as feeding. ... (05 Feb 1998) ...

amphikaryon
A diploid nucleus containing two haploid sets of chromosomes. ... Origin: amphi-+ G. Karyon, kernel ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphileukaemic
Denoting a leukaemic condition that corresponds in degree to the changes in the organ or tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Amphimerus
A genus of opisthorchid trematodes found in the bile ducts of mammals, birds, and reptiles; probably transmitted by fish. ... Origin: amphi-+ G. Meros, segment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphimicrobe
A microorganism that is either aerobic or anaerobic, according to the environment. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphimictic
The ability to freely interbreed and produce fertile offspring. ... Origin: amphi + G. Miktos, joined, mated, fr. Mignumi, to mix, mae, + -ia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphimixis
1. Union of the paternal and maternal chromatin after impregnation of the ovum. ... 2. In psychoanalysis, a combination of genital and anal eroticism. ... Origin: amphi-+ G. Mixis, mingling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphinucleolus
A double nucleolus having both basophilic and oxyphilic components. ... Origin: amphi-+ L. Nucleolus, dim. Of nucleus, kernel ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphions
Synonym for dipolar ions ... Ion's possessing both a negative charge and a positive charge, each localised at a different point in the molecule, which thus has both positive and negative 'poles'; amino acids are the most notable dipolar ion's, containing a positively charged NH3+ group and a negatively charged COO- group at neutral pH. ... Synonym: a …

amphioxus
<zoology> A fishlike creature (Amphioxus lanceolatus), two or three inches long, found in temperate seas; also called the lancelet. Its body is pointed at both ends. It is the lowest and most generalised of the vertebrates, having neither brain, skull, vertebrae, nor red blood. It forms the type of the group Acrania, Leptocardia, etc. ... Orig …

amphipathic
<biochemistry> Of a molecule, having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions. Can apply equally to small molecules, such as phospholipids and macromolecules such as proteins. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

amphiphilic
Synonym: amphipathic. ... Origin: amphi-+ G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphiphobic
Synonym: amphipathic. ... Origin: amphi-+ G. Phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphiphysin
<protein> Protein of the nerve terminal that associates with synaptic vesicles, probably through AP2 and synaptotagmin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

amphipoda
<zoology> A numerous group of fourteen footed Crustacea, inhabiting both fresh and salt water. The body is usually compressed laterally, and the anterior pairs or legs are directed downward and forward, but the posterior legs are usually turned upward and backward. The beach flea is an example. See Tetradecapoda and Arthrostraca. ... Origin: N …

amphiprotic solvent
A solvent capable of acting as an acid or a base; e.g., H2O. ... See: solvolysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphiregulin
<growth factor> A growth factor containing an EGF like domain. ... (05 Feb 1998) ...

amphisbaena
1. A fabled serpent with a head at each end, moving either way. ... 2. <zoology> A genus of harmless lizards, serpentlike in form, without legs, and with both ends so much alike that they appear to have a head at each, and ability to move either way. ... The Gordius aquaticus, or hairworm, has been called an amphisbaena; but it belongs among th …

amphistome
A common name for any trematode of the genus Paramphistomum. ... Origin: amphi-+ G. Stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphitheatre
1. An oval or circular building with rising tiers of seats about an open space called the arena. ... The Romans first constructed amphitheaters for combats of gladiators and wild beasts. ... 2. Anything resembling an amphitheater in form; as, a level surrounded by rising slopes or hills, or a rising gallery in a theater. ... Origin: L. Amphitheatrum, …

amphithymia
An obsolete term for a mental condition marked by periods of depression and elation. ... Origin: amphi-+ G. Thymos, soul ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphitrichate
Synonym for amphitrichous ... Having a flagellum or flagella at both extremities of a microbial cell; denoting certain microorganisms. ... Origin: amphi-+ G. Thrix, hair ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphitrichous
Having a flagellum or flagella at both extremities of a microbial cell; denoting certain microorganisms. ... Origin: amphi-+ G. Thrix, hair ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphitrophic
<biology> Of organisms that can grow either photosynthetically or chemotrophically. ... (05 Feb 1998) ...

amphitypy
Exhibition of the properties characteristic of two types. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphixenosis
A zoonosis maintained in nature by man and lower animals, e.g., certain staphylococcoses. ... Compare: anthropozoonosis, zooanthroponosis. ... Origin: amphi-+ G. Xenos, stranger, + G. -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampho-
On both sides, surrounding, double. ... Origin: G. Ampho, both ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphochromatophil
Synonym for amphophile ... 1. Having an affinity both for acid and for basic dyes. ... Synonym: amphophilic, amphophilous. ... 2. A cell that stains readily with either acid or basic dyes. ... Synonym: amphocyte. ... Synonym: amphochromatophil, amphochromatophile, amphochromophil, amphochromophile. ... Origin: ampho-+ G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphochromatophile
Synonym for amphophile ... 1. Having an affinity both for acid and for basic dyes. ... Synonym: amphophilic, amphophilous. ... 2. A cell that stains readily with either acid or basic dyes. ... Synonym: amphocyte. ... Synonym: amphochromatophil, amphochromatophile, amphochromophil, amphochromophile. ... Origin: ampho-+ G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphochromophil
Synonym for amphophile ... 1. Having an affinity both for acid and for basic dyes. ... Synonym: amphophilic, amphophilous. ... 2. A cell that stains readily with either acid or basic dyes. ... Synonym: amphocyte. ... Synonym: amphochromatophil, amphochromatophile, amphochromophil, amphochromophile. ... Origin: ampho-+ G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphochromophile
Synonym for amphophile ... 1. Having an affinity both for acid and for basic dyes. ... Synonym: amphophilic, amphophilous. ... 2. A cell that stains readily with either acid or basic dyes. ... Synonym: amphocyte. ... Synonym: amphochromatophil, amphochromatophile, amphochromophil, amphochromophile. ... Origin: ampho-+ G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphocyte
Synonym for amphophile ... 1. Having an affinity both for acid and for basic dyes. ... Synonym: amphophilic, amphophilous. ... 2. A cell that stains readily with either acid or basic dyes. ... Synonym: amphocyte. ... Synonym: amphochromatophil, amphochromatophile, amphochromophil, amphochromophile. ... Origin: ampho-+ G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphodiplopia
An obsolete term for double vision in each eye or bilateral monocular diplopia. ... See: monocular diplopia. ... Origin: ampho-+ G. Diploos, double, + ops, vision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampholyte
<chemistry> Substance with amphoteric properties. most commonly encountered as descriptive of the substances used in setting up electrofocussing columns or gels. ... (05 Feb 1998) ...

ampholyte mixtures
Such mixtures of amphoteric electrolytes or buffers that provide a continuous range of pH in an electric field; used for separating proteins by their isoelectric points, i.e., by isoelectric focusing. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

amphomycin
An antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces canus; used topically for skin infections. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphophil granule
A granule that stains with both acid and basic dyes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphophile
1. Having an affinity both for acid and for basic dyes. ... Synonym: amphophilic, amphophilous. ... 2. A cell that stains readily with either acid or basic dyes. ... Synonym: amphocyte. ... Synonym: amphochromatophil, amphochromatophile, amphochromophil, amphochromophile. ... Origin: ampho-+ G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphophilic
Synonym for amphophile ... 1. Having an affinity both for acid and for basic dyes. ... Synonym: amphophilic, amphophilous. ... 2. A cell that stains readily with either acid or basic dyes. ... Synonym: amphocyte. ... Synonym: amphochromatophil, amphochromatophile, amphochromophil, amphochromophile. ... Origin: ampho-+ G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphophilous
Synonym for amphophile ... 1. Having an affinity both for acid and for basic dyes. ... Synonym: amphophilic, amphophilous. ... 2. A cell that stains readily with either acid or basic dyes. ... Synonym: amphocyte. ... Synonym: amphochromatophil, amphochromatophile, amphochromophil, amphochromophile. ... Origin: ampho-+ G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphoric rale
Sound heard through the stethoscope associated with the movement of fluid in a lung cavity communicating with a bronchus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphoric resonance
A percussion sound, like that produced by striking a large empty bottle, obtained by percussing over a pulmonary cavity. ... Synonym: cavernous resonance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphoric respiration
A sound like that made by blowing across the mouth of a bottle, heard on auscultation in some cases in which a large pulmonary cavity exists, or occasionally in pneumothorax. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphoric voice
A voice sound having a hollow, blowing character, heard over a pulmonary cavity when the patient speaks or whispers. ... Synonym: amphorophony. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphoriloquy
Presence of amphoric voice. ... Origin: G. Amphora, a jar, + loquor, to speak ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphorophony
Synonym: amphoric voice. ... Origin: G. Amphora, a jar, + phone, voice ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphoteric
<biochemistry, chemistry> Having both acidic and basic characteristics. This is true of proteins since they have both acidic and basic side groups (the charges of which balance at the isoelectric point). ... (05 Feb 1998) ...

amphoteric electrolyte
An electrolyte that can either give up or take on a hydrogen ion and can thus behave as either an acid or a base. ... Synonym: ampholyte. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphoteric element
An element one or more of whose oxides unite with water to form hydroxides that may act as acids or as bases (e.g., aluminum). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphoteric reaction
A double reaction possessed by certain fluids which have a combination of acid and alkaline properties. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphotericin
<drug> One of two antifungal antibiotics. ... Amphotericin A: The less active form of the antibiotic produced by the bacteria Streptomyces nodosus. It is not used clinically. ... Amphotericin B: An antibiotic produced by the bacteria Streptomyces nodosus which is used to treat a wide variety of fungal infections. ... Formula: C47H73NO17. ... (05 …

amphotericin B
<drug> An intravenous drug for treatment of cryptococcal meningitis, candidiasis, histoplasmosis and coccidiomycosis and other fungal infections. It is given intravenously. ... Toxicities are severe and include fevers, chills, headache, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, kidney damage and neutropenia. ... (05 Feb 1998) ...

amphotonia
Increased excitability of both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. ... Origin: ampho-+ G. Tonos, tension ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

amphotropic packaging cell lines
<cell culture, molecular biology> Clonal entities that express genes or act as viral vectors that infect cell lines to stably infect and then express genes of choice. Usually an amphotropic virus. ... (04 Nov 1997) ...

amphotropic virus
An oncornavirus that does not produce disease in its natural host but does replicate in tissue culture cells of the host species and also in cells from other species. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ampicillin
<drug> Penicillin derivative with broad spectrum activity, ampicillin resistance is often used as a marker for plasmid transfer in genetic engineering (for example pBR322 is ampicillin resistant). ... (13 Nov 1997) ...