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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

alert
<neurology> Attentive and quick to think or act. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

alethia
Rarely used term for an incapacity to forget past events. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + lethe, forgetfulness ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alethiology
<study> The science which treats of the nature of truth and evidence. ... Origin: Gr. Truth. ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

aleukaemia
1. Literally, a lack of leukocytes in the blood. The term is generally used to indicate varieties of leukaemic disease in which the white blood cell count in circulating blood is normal or even less than normal (i.e., no leukocytosis), but a few young leukocytes are observed; sometimes used more restrictedly for unusual instances of leukaemia with …

aleukaemic
Pertaining to aleukaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aleukaemic leukaemia
Leukaemia in which abnormal (or leukaemic) cells are absent in the peripheral blood. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aleukaemic myelosis
Myelosis with absence of abnormal cellular elements in peripheral blood. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aleukemoid
Resembling aleukaemia symptomatically. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aleukia
1. Absence or extremely decreased number of leukocytes in the circulating blood; sometimes also termed aleukaemic myelosis. ... 2. Obsolete name for thrombocytopenia. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + leukos, white ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aleukocytic
Manifesting absence or extremely reduced numbers of leukocytes in blood or lesions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aleukocytosis
Absence or great reduction (relative or absolute) of the number of white blood cells in the circulating blood (i.e., an advanced degree of leukopenia), or the lack of leukocytes in an anatomical lesion. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + leukos, white, + kytos, a hollow (cell) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aleurioconidium
A conidium developed from the blown out end of conidiogenous cells or hyphal branches, and released by rupture below the base of attachment. ... Synonym: aleuriospore. ... Origin: G. Aleuron, flour, + conidium ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aleuriospore
Synonym for aleurioconidium ... A conidium developed from the blown out end of conidiogenous cells or hyphal branches, and released by rupture below the base of attachment. ... Synonym: aleuriospore. ... Origin: G. Aleuron, flour, + conidium ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aleuron
Protein granules in the endosperm of seeds, supposed to contain the vitamins of edible seeds and grains. ... Origin: G. Flour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aleuronate
Protein from the aleuron layer (endosperm) of cereal grains; used to make bread for diabetics. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aleurone grain
<plant biology> Membrane bounded storage granule within plant cells that usually contains protein. May be an aleuroplast or just a specialised vacuole. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

aleuronoid
Resembling flour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aleuroplast
<plant biology> A semi autonomous organelle (plastid) within a plant cell that stores protein. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

aleutian mink disease
A slow progressive disease of mink caused by the aleutian mink disease virus. It is characterised by poor reproduction, weight loss, autoimmunity, hypergammaglobulinaemia, increased susceptibility to bacterial infections, and death from renal failure. The disease occurs in all colour types, but mink which are homozygous recessive for the aleutian g …

aleutian mink disease virus
A species of parvovirus that causes a disease in mink, mainly those homozygous for the recessive aleutian gene which determines a desirable coat colour. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

alevin
<marine biology> A larval salmonid that has hatched but has not fully absorbed its yolk sac, and generally has not yet emerged from the spawning gravel. ... Absorption of the yolk sac, the alevin's initial energy source, occurs as the larva develops its mouth, digestive tract and excretory organs and otherwise prepares to feed on natural prey. …

alex
<radiobiology> A single-cell, minimum-B magnetic mirror system in which the magnetic field was generated by a baseball coil wound on a 60 cm sphere. Formerly operated at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, new York. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

alexander disease
<radiology> Dysmyelinating disease, rare, sporadic, usually presents in 1st year, gradual enlargement of head (Differential diagnosis: Canavan disease), retardation, convulsion, spasticity CT findings: decreased density of white matter, frontal lobe predominance, with or without dilated lateral ventricles Diagnosis: brain biopsy ... (12 Dec 19 …

Alexander Fleming
Synonym for Fleming, Alexander ... <person> This native of Scotland studied medicine at St. Mary's Hospital Medical School in London, where he won almost every prize and scholarship prize available. He graduated with honors in 1908 and 20 years later became Professor of Bacteriology at his alma mater. ... During World War I, he devoted his inte …

Alexander, Gustav
<person> Austrian otolaryngologist, *1873. ... See: Alexander's deafness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Alexander, W. Stewart
<person> 20th century New Zealand pathologist. ... See: Alexander's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Alexander's deafness
High frequency deafness due to membranous cochlear dysplasia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Alexander's disease
A rare, fatal central nervous system degenerative disease of infants, characterised by psychomotor retardation, seizures, and paralysis; megaloencephaly is associated with widespread leukodystrophic changes, especially in the frontal lobes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alexia
<neurology> Loss of the ability to understand printed words or sentences ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

alexic
Pertaining to alexia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alexin
An obsolete term for the bactericidal substances of cell-free serum, the activity of which is destroyed by heating at 56°C; applied by Bordet to the heat-labile substance normally present in serum and distinct from the sensitizing substance (antibody) produced by infection or immunization. In this sense it is synonymous with complement. ... Origin: …

alexin unit
Synonym for complement unit ... The smallest amount (highest dilution) of complement that will cause haemolysis of a unit of red blood cells in the presence of a haemolysin unit. ... Synonym: alexin unit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alexipharmac
1. Synonym: antidotal. ... 2. An antidote. ... Origin: G. Alexipharmakos, preserving against poison ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alexithymia
Difficulty in recognizing and describing one's emotions, defining them in terms of somatic sensations or behavioural reactions. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + lexis, word, + -thymia, feelings, passion ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aleydigism
Aplasia of Leydig cells, seen in hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Alezzandrini, Arturo
<person> Argentinian ophthalmologist, *1932. ... See: Alezzandrini's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Alezzandrini's syndrome
<syndrome> A rare syndrome appearing in adolescents and young adults, characterised by unilateral degenerative retinitis, followed by ipsilateral poliosis and facial vitiligo, and occasionally bilateral perceptive deafness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alfacalcidol
1-alpha-Hydroxycholecalciferol;a derivative of vitamin D used in the treatment of hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D dependent rickets, and rickets associated with malabsorption syndromes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alfalfa mosaic virus
The type-species of the genus alfamovirus that is non-persistently transmitted by aphids. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

alfamovirus
A genus of the family bromoviridae with a wide host range. Transmission is by aphids and the type species is alfalfa mosaic virus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

alfentanil
<chemical> N-(1-(2-(4-ethyl-4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-1h-tetrazol-1-yl)ethyl)-4-(methoxymethyl)-4-piperidinyl)-n-phenylpropanamide. A short-acting opioid anaesthetic and analgesic derivative of fentanyl. It produces an early peak analgesic effect and fast recovery of consciousness. Alfentanil is effective as an anaesthetic during surgery, for supplem …

alfentanil hydrochloride
C21H32N6O3 -HCl -H2O;a very potent, short acting narcotic agonist analgesic used as an anaesthetic or as an adjunct in the maintenance of general anaesthesia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alfisols
<ecology> Soils having significantly more clay in the B-horizon than in the A-horizon and high base status. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Alfred Wallace
Synonym for Wallace, Alfred Russel ... <person> A British naturalist who founded the field of biogeography and independently formulated a theory of natural selection around the same time that Darwin was doing his work. ... Lived: 1823-1913. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Alfven ion cyclotron instability
<radiobiology> An electromagnetic microinstability near the ion cyclotron frequency, driven by the ion loss cone in a mirror device. ... Acronym: AIC ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

Alfven velocity
<physics, radiobiology> Phase velocity of the Alfven wave, equal to the speed of light divided by the square root of (1 plus the ratio of the plasma frequency to the cyclotron frequency for a given species). ... Va = c / SQRT(1 + plasma frequency / cyclotron frequency) ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

Alfven waves
<physics, radiobiology> Transverse electromagnetic waves that are propagated along lines of magnetic force in a plasma. The waves have frequency significantly less than the ion cyclotron frequency, and are characterised by the fact that the field lines oscillate (wiggle) with the plasma. The propagation velocity depends on the particle densit …

Alfven, Hannes
<person> Nobel Prize winning plasma physicist and astronomer who first suggested the possibility of magneto-hydrodynamic waves in 1942. Now deceased. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

ALG
<abbreviation> Antilymphocyte globulin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algae
<botany> A nontaxonomic term used to group several phyla of the lower plants, including the Rhodophyta (red algae), Chlorophyta (green algae), Phaeophyta (brown algae) and Chrysophyta (diatoms). ... Many algae are unicellular or consist of simple undifferentiated colonies, but red and brown algae are complex multicellular organisms, familiar t …

algae and fungi
Algae represent a group of spore-propagating plants, unicellular or undifferentiated into root, stem, and leaf. They include seaweed and many unicellular fresh water plants, most of which contain chlorophyll. They account for about 90% of the earth's photosynthetic activity. Fungi are eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms that live as saprobes or par …

algae, brown
Predominantly marine algae of the division phaeophyta, having chromatophores containing carotenoid pigments. Genera include ascophyllum, fucus, eisenia, petalonia, ectocarpus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

algae, green
Algae of the division chlorophyta, in which the green pigment of chlorophyll is not masked by other pigments. Classes include charophyceae, bryopsidophyceae, conjugatophyceae, oedogoniophyceae, chlorophyceae, and prasinophyceae. Common genera are acetabularia, chlamydomonas, chlorella, nitella, prototheca, scenedesmus, spirogyra, and volvox. ... (12 …

algae, red
Algae of the division rhodophyta, in which the pigment is predominantly red; common genera are gelidium, gracilaria, and polysiphonia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

algal oxidation pond
<ecology> A wide, shallow pond used in waste water treatment, the algae produce oxygen so that bacteria can aerobically digest sewage in the water. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

algaroba
<botany> The Carob, a leguminous tree of the Mediterranean region; also, its edible beans or pods, called St. John's bread. ... The Honey mesquite (Prosopis juliflora), a small tree found from California to Buenos Ayres; also, its sweet, pulpy pods. A valuable gum, resembling gum arabic, is collected from the tree in Texas and Mexico. ... Origi …

alge-
Pain; corresponds to L. Dolor-. ... Origin: G. Algos, a pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algebra
1. <mathematics> That branch of mathematics which treats of the relations and properties of quantity by means of letters and other symbols. It is applicable to those relations that are true of every kind of magnitude. ... 2. A treatise on this science. ... Origin: LL. Algebra, fr. Ar. Al-jebr reduction of parts to a whole, or fractions to whole …

algedonic
Relating to a mixed sensation or emotion of pleasure and pain. ... Origin: G. Algos, pain, + hedone, pleasure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algefacient
An agent that has a cooling action. ... Origin: L. Algeo, to be cold, + facio, pr. Pl. -iens, to make ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algenate
<dentistry> A plaster like compound used to take impressions. It tastes awful, but is safe. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

algeria
A country in northern africa between morocco and libya. Its capital is algiers. It was known to the romans as numidia. From 430 a.d. Until 1942 it was successively in the hands of the vandals, the eastern roman empire, the arabs, the ottoman empire, and the french, and gained independence in 1962. The country took its name from its capital, from th …

algesia
Synonym: algesthesia. ... Origin: G. Algesis, a sense of pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algesic
1. Painful; related to or causing pain. ... 2. Relating to hypersensitivity to pain. ... Synonym: algetic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algesichronometer
An instrument for recording the time required for the perception of a painful stimulus. ... Origin: G. Algesis, sense of pain, + chronos, time, + metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algesidystrophy
Synonym: algodystrophy. ... Origin: G. Algesis, sense of pain, + dys-, bad, + trophe, nourishment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algesimeter
Synonym for algesiometer ... An instrument for measuring the degree of sensitivity to a painful stimulus. ... Synonym: algesimeter, algometer, odynometer. ... Origin: G. Algesis, sense of pain, + metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algesiogenic
Pain-producing. ... Synonym: algogenic. ... Origin: G. Algesis, sense of pain, + -gen, production ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algesiometer
An instrument for measuring the degree of sensitivity to a painful stimulus. ... Synonym: algesimeter, algometer, odynometer. ... Origin: G. Algesis, sense of pain, + metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algesthesia
1. The appreciation of pain. ... 2. Hypersensitivity to pain. ... Synonym: algesia, algesthesis. ... Origin: G. Algos, pain, + aisthesis, sensation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algesthesis
Synonym for algesthesia ... 1. The appreciation of pain. ... 2. Hypersensitivity to pain. ... Synonym: algesia, algesthesis. ... Origin: G. Algos, pain, + aisthesis, sensation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algestone
<chemical> 16 alpha,17-dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione. Progestational dihydroxy derivative of progesterone. Its acetonide possesses anti-inflammatory properties. ... Pharmacological action: contraceptives, oral, synthetic, progestational hormones, synthetic. ... Chemical name: Pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, 16,17-dihydroxy-, (16alpha)- ... (12 Dec 199 …

algestone acetophenide
<chemical> (16 alpha(r))-16,17-((1-phenylethylidene)bis(oxy))pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione. A progesterone that has been used in estrus synchronization and has been evaluated as an injectable contraceptive in combination with estradiol enanthate. It is also used therapeutically as a topical anti-inflammatory and is applied topically in the treatment …

algetic
Synonym for algesic ... 1. Painful; related to or causing pain. ... 2. Relating to hypersensitivity to pain. ... Synonym: algetic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algicide
<pharmacology> Any chemical that kills algae. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

algid malaria
A form of falciparum malaria chiefly involving the gut and other abdominal viscera; gastric algid malaria is characterised by persistent vomiting; dysenteric algid malaria is characterised by bloody diarrheic stools in which enormous numbers of infected red blood cells are found. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algid pernicious fever
A pernicious malarial attack in which the patient presents symptoms of collapse and shock. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algid stage
The stage of collapse in cholera. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algin
<plant biology> This gelatinous material, a polysaccharide extract from brown algae, is widely used in foods, medicines, and industrial and household products. ... The main algae that produce it are Laminaria species and Macrocystispyrifera (a chemically different version of algin is produced by the bacterium Azobacter vinelandii.) ... (09 Oct …

alginate
<plant biology> Salts of alginic acids, occurring in the cell walls of some algae. ... Commercially important in food processing, swabs, some filters, fire retardants etc. Calcium alginates form gels. Alginic acid is a linear polymer of mannuronic and glucuronic acids. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

alginates
Salts of alginic acid, a hydrophilic colloidal carbohydrate which is extracted from marine kelp. Calcium, sodium, and ammonium alginates have been used as foam, clot, or gauze for absorbable surgical dressings. Soluble alginates, such as sodium, potassium, and magnesium alginates, form a viscous sol which can be changed into a gel by a chemical rea …

algiomotor
Causing painful muscular contractions. ... Synonym: algiomuscular. ... Origin: algio-+ L. Motor, mover ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algiomuscular
Synonym for algiomotor ... Causing painful muscular contractions. ... Synonym: algiomuscular. ... Origin: algio-+ L. Motor, mover ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algiovascular
Synonym for algovascular ... Relating to changes in the lumen of the blood vessels occurring under the influence of pain. ... Synonym: algiovascular. ... Origin: G. Algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

alglucerase
<enzyme> Modified form of human placental glucocerebrosidase; oligosaccharide units of glucocerebrosidase are sequentially deglycosylated to yield a mannose-terminated preparation which is targeted to the mannose lectin on the macrophage plasma membrane ... Registry number: EC 3.2.1.- ... Synonym: ceredase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

algodystrophy
A painful local disturbance of growth, particularly due to focal aseptic necrosis of bone and cartilage. ... Synonym: algesidystrophy. ... Origin: algo-+ G. Dys-, bad, + trophe, nourishment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algogenesis
The production or origin of pain. ... Origin: algo-+ G. Genesis, origin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algogenic
Synonym for algesiogenic ... Pain-producing. ... Synonym: algogenic. ... Origin: G. Algesis, sense of pain, + -gen, production ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algoid cell
A cell appearing like cell's of algae, sometimes found in chronic diarrhoea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algolagnia
Form of sexual perversion in which the infliction or the experiencing of pain increases the pleasure of the sexual act or causes sexual pleasure independent of the act; includes both sadism (active algolagnia) and masochism (passive algolagnia). ... Synonym: algophilia. ... Origin: algo-+ G. Lagneia, lust ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algology
<study> The study or science of algae or seaweeds. ... Origin: L. Alga seaweed. ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

algometer
Synonym: algesiometer. ... Origin: algo-+ G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algometry
The process of measuring pain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algophilia
1. Pleasure experienced in the thought of pain in others or in oneself. ... Synonym: algolagnia. ... Origin: algo-+ G. Phileo, to love ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algophobia
<psychology> Abnormal fear of or sensitiveness to pain. ... Origin: algo-+ G. Phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algopsychalia
Synonym: psychalgia. ... Origin: algo-+ G. Psyche, mind ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algorithm
A process or set of rules by which a calculation or process can be carried out usually referring to calculations that will be done by a computer. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

algorithms
A procedure consisting of a sequence of algebraic formulas and/or logical steps to calculate or determine a given task. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

algoscopy
Synonym: cryoscopy. ... Origin: L. Algor, cold, + G. Skopeo, to view ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

algospasm
Spasm produced by pain. ... Origin: G. Algos, pain, + spasmos, convulsion ... (05 Mar 2000) ...