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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


agenosomia
Markedly defective formation or absence of the genitalia in a foetus; usually accompanied by protrusion of the abdominal viscera through an incomplete abdominal wall. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + genos, sex, + soma, body ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agent
<pharmacology> Any power, principle or substance capable of producing an effect, whether physical, chemical or biological. ... Origin: L. Agens = acting ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Agent Orange
An herbicide and defoliant, consisting of (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid, (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid, and dioxin, that was widely used in the Vietnam War; it has been shown to possess residual post-exposure carcinogenic and teratogenic properties in humans. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agent, anti-infective
Something capable of acting against infection, by inhibiting the spread of an infectious agent or by killing the infectious agent outright. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

agent, antihypertensive
As the name suggests, a drug aimed at reducing high blood pressure (hypertension). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

agent, tocolytic
A medication that can inhibit labour, slow down or halt the contractions of the uterus. Tocolytic agents are widely used today to treat premature labour and permit pregnancy to procede and so let the foetus gain in size and maturity before being born. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

agerasia
An appearance of youth in old age. ... Origin: G. Agerasia, eternal youth, fr. A-priv. + geras, old age ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ageusia
Absence of the sense of taste. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ageustia
Synonym for ageusia ... Absence of the sense of taste. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

agger
An eminence, projection, or shallow ridge. ... Origin: L. Mound ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agger nasi
An elevation on the lateral wall of the nasal cavity lying between the atrium of the middle meatus and the olfactory sulcus; it is formed by the mucous membrane covering the base of the ethmoidal crest of the maxilla. ... Synonym: nasal ridge. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agger perpendicularis
Synonym for eminence of triangular fossa of auricle ... <anatomy> The prominence on the cranial surface of the auricle corresponding to the triangular fossa. ... Synonym: eminentia fossae triangularis auricularis, agger perpendicularis, eminentia triangularis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agger valvae venae
Synonym for prominence of venous valvular sinus ... A slight eminence on the external wall of a vein correlating with the valvular sinus immediately proximal to the leaflets of the venous valve. ... Synonym: agger valvae venae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agglomeration
Synonym for aggregation ... Massing of materials together as in clumping. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

agglutinant
A substance that holds parts together or causes agglutination. ... Origin: L. Ad, to + gluten, glue ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agglutinating antibody
Synonym for agglutinin ... 1. An antibody that causes clumping or agglutination of the bacteria or other cells which either stimulated the formation of the agglutinin, or contain immunologically similar, reactive antigen. ... Synonym: agglutinating antibody, immune agglutinin. ... 2. A substance, other than a specific agglutinating antibody, that caus …

agglutination
<cell biology, haematology> The clumping together of cells due to the binding of agglutinin (a protein) molecules on the surface of each cell. The clumping together of two organisms of the same species for the purpose of sexual reproduction. Often conducted by means of acarbohydrate on one organism and a protein on theother, resulting in a gl …

agglutination test
<investigation> A serologic test to demonstrate the presence of antibodies in the blood. It is dependent on the clumping of cells, microorganisms, or particles when mixed with specific antiserum. ... See: agglutination. ... (04 Jul 1999) ...

agglutinative
1. Pertaining to agglutination; tending to unite, or having power to cause adhesion; adhesive. ... 2. <philosophy> Formed or characterised by agglutination, as a language or a compound. 'In agglutinative languages the union of words may be compared to mechanical compounds, in inflective languages to chemical compounds.' (R. Morris) 'Cf. Man-ki …

agglutinative thrombus
Synonym for hyaline thrombus ... A translucent colourless plug, partly or wholly filling a capillary or small artery or vein, formed by agglutination of red blood corpuscles. ... Synonym: agglutinative thrombus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agglutinin
1. An antibody that causes clumping or agglutination of the bacteria or other cells which either stimulated the formation of the agglutinin, or contain immunologically similar, reactive antigen. ... Synonym: agglutinating antibody, immune agglutinin. ... 2. A substance, other than a specific agglutinating antibody, that causes organic particles to ag …

agglutinins
Substances, usually of biological origin, that cause cells or other organic particles to aggregate and stick to each other. They also include those antibodies which cause aggregation or agglutination of a particulate or insoluble antigen. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

agglutinogen
An antigenic substance that stimulates the formation of specific agglutinin, which, under certain conditions, causes agglutination of cells that contain the antigen or particles coated with the antigen. ... Synonym: agglutogen. ... Origin: agglutinin + G. -gen, production ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agglutinogenic
Capable of causing the production of an agglutinin. ... Synonym: agglutogenic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agglutinophilic
Readily undergoing pronounced agglutination. ... Origin: agglutination + G. Phileo, to love ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agglutinoscope
<instrument> An obsolete term for a magnifying glass or simple system of lenses used to observe agglutination in vitro. ... Origin: agglutination + G. Skopeo, to view ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agglutogen
Synonym for agglutinogen ... An antigenic substance that stimulates the formation of specific agglutinin, which, under certain conditions, causes agglutination of cells that contain the antigen or particles coated with the antigen. ... Synonym: agglutogen. ... Origin: agglutinin + G. -gen, production ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agglutogenic
Synonym for agglutinogenic ... Capable of causing the production of an agglutinin. ... Synonym: agglutogenic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aggravation
An increasing in seriousness or severity, an act or circumstance that intensifies or makes worse. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

aggrecanase
<enzyme> Cleaves aggrecan from articular cartilage predominantly between glu-373 and ala-374; activity found in bovine articular cartilage, bovine growth plate and chondrocyte monolayer cultures ... Registry number: EC 3.4.99.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

aggregate
<zoology> A group of species, other than a subgenus, within a genus, or a group of subspecies within a species. An aggregate may be denoted by a group name interpolated in parentheses. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

aggregate anaphylaxis
Synonym for anaphylaxis ... <pharmacology> As opposed to prophylaxis. A system or treatment that leads to damaging effects on the organism. ... <immunology> Now reserved for those inflammatory reactions resulting from combination of a soluble antigen with IgE bound to a mast cell that leads to degranulation of the mast cell and release of …

aggregate fruit
A cluster of fruits formed from the free carpels of one flower. ... Compare: syncarp. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

aggregated
Collected together, thereby forming a cluster, clump, or mass of individual units. ... Synonym: agglomerate, agglomerated, agminate, agminated. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aggregation
Massing of materials together as in clumping. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

aggregometer
An instrument for measuring platelet adhesiveness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aggressin
<protein> A term for a protein produced by a pathogenic microbe which aids its spread in the host by inhibiting the immune system of the host (specifically the response by phagocytes). ... (06 May 1997) ...

aggression
A form of behaviour which leads to self-assertion; it may arise from innate drives and/or a response to frustration; may be manifested by destructive and attacking behaviour, by covert attitudes of hostility and obstructionism, or by healthy self-expressive drive to mastery. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

aggressive
1. Denoting aggression. ... 2. Denoting a competitive forcefulness or invasiveness, as of a behavioural pattern, a pathogenic organism, or a disease process. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aggressive infantile fibromatosis
A childhood counterpart of abdominal or extra-abdominal desmoid tumours, characterised by firm subcutaneous nodules that grow rapidly in any part of the body that invade locally and recur but do not metastasize. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aggressive instinct
Synonym for death instinct ... The instinct of all living creatures toward self-destruction, death, or a return to the inorganic lifelessness from which they arose. ... Synonym: aggressive instinct. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aggressiveness
The quality of being aggressive (= characterised by aggression, militant, enterprising, spreading with vigour, chemically active, variable and adaptable). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

aging
The gradual changes in the structure and function of humans and animals that occur with the passage of time, that do not result from disease or other gross accidents, and that eventually lead to the increased probability of death as the person or animal grows older. It does not apply to microorganisms. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

aging, premature
Changes in the organism associated with senescence, occurring at an accelerated rate. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

agitated depression
Depression with excitement and restlessness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agitation
A state of anxiety accompanied by motor restlessness. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

agitator
<apparatus> This device is used to stir or shake up a mixture (impeller). The types generally used are flat blade, marine screw, turbine and variable pitch screw. ... (06 May 1997) ...

agitographia
A condition in which one writes with great rapidity, leaving out words or parts of words. ... Origin: L. Agito, to hurry, + G. Grapho, to write ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agitolalia
Synonym for agitophasia ... Abnormally rapid speech in which words are imperfectly spoken or dropped out of a sentence. ... Synonym: agitolalia. ... Origin: L. Agito, to hurry, + G. Phasis, speech ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agitophasia
Abnormally rapid speech in which words are imperfectly spoken or dropped out of a sentence. ... Synonym: agitolalia. ... Origin: L. Agito, to hurry, + G. Phasis, speech ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agkistrodon
A genus of venomous snakes of the subfamily crotalinae. Twelve species of this genus are found in north and central america and asia. Agkistrodon contortrix is the copperhead, a. Piscivorus, the cottonmouth. The former is named for its russet or orange-brown colour, the latter for the white interior of its mouth. (goin, goin, and zug, introduction …

aglobulia
An obsolete term for anaemia. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + L. Globulus, globule ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aglobuliosis
An obsolete term for a condition characterised by anaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aglobulism
An obsolete term for anaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aglomerular
Having no glomeruli; said especially of a kidney in which the glomeruli have been destroyed, or kidneys of certain fish, e.g., toad fish, that possess tubules but no glomeruli. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aglossia
Congenital absence of the tongue. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + glossa, tongue ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aglossia-adactylia syndrome
<syndrome> Congenital absence or hypoplasia of the tongue, associated with absence of the digits. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aglossostomia
Congenital absence of the tongue, with a malformed (usually closed) mouth. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + glossa, tongue, + stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aglucon
The portion of a glucoside other than the glucose. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + glucose + -on ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aglycon
<chemical> This is the noncarbohydrate part of a glycoside (aglucone). ... (06 May 1997) ...

aglycosuria
Absence of carbohydrate in the urine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aglycosuric
Relating to aglycosuria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agmatine
<chemical> Decarboxylated arginine, isolated from several plant and animal sources, e.g., pollen, ergot, herring sperm, octopus muscle. ... Chemical name: Guanidine, (4-aminobutyl)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

agmen
An obsolete term for aggregation. ... Origin: L. A multitude ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agminate
Synonym for aggregated ... Collected together, thereby forming a cluster, clump, or mass of individual units. ... Synonym: agglomerate, agglomerated, agminate, agminated. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agnate
1. Related or akin by the father's side; also, sprung from the same male ancestor. ... 2. Allied; akin. 'Agnate words.' 'Assume more or less of a fictitious character, but congenial and agnate with the former.' (Landor) ... Origin: L. Agnatus, p. P. Of agnasci to be born in addition to; ad + nasci (for gnasci) to be born. Cf. Adnate. ... A relative wh …

agnathia
Congenital absence of the lower jaw, usually accompanied by approximation of the ears. ... See: otocephaly, synotia. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + gnathos, jaw ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agnathous
Relating to agnathia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agnea
Synonym: agnosia. ... Origin: G. Agnoia, want of perception ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agnogenic
Synonym: idiopathic. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + gnosis, knowledge, + genesis, origin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agnogenic myeloid metaplasia
A progressive disease of the bone marrow where neoplastic bone marrow stem cells lodge and grow in multiple sites outside the bone marrow. Typically, there is enlargement of the spleen and a gradual replacement of the bone marrow elements by fibrosis (scarring), progressive anaemia and variable changes in the number of white blood cells and platele …

agnosia
<neurology> Loss of ability to recognise objects, people, sounds, shapes or smells. Usually classified according to the sense or senses affected (hearing, sight, smell, taste, touch). Symptom common to tumours of the parietal lobe of the cerebral hemispheres. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

agnosticism
That doctrine which, professing ignorance, neither asserts nor denies. Specifically: The doctrine that the existence of a personal Deity, an unseen world, etc, can be neither proved nor disproved, because of the necessary limits of the human mind (as sometimes charged upon Hamilton and Mansel), or because of the insufficiency of the evidence furnis …

agomphious
Synonym for anodontia ... Congenital absence of the teeth; it may involve all (total anodontia) or only some of the teeth (partial anodontia, hypodontia), and both the deciduous and the permanent dentition, or only teeth of the permanent dentition. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

agomphosis
Synonym for anodontia ... Congenital absence of the teeth; it may involve all (total anodontia) or only some of the teeth (partial anodontia, hypodontia), and both the deciduous and the permanent dentition, or only teeth of the permanent dentition. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

agonadal
Denoting the absence of gonads. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agonal
Relating to the process of dying or the moment of death, so called because of the former erroneous notion that dying is a painful process. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agonal clot
Intravascular thrombosis ascribed to the process of dying. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agonal infection
Synonym for terminal infection ... An acute infection, commonly pneumonic or septic, occurring toward the end of any disease and often the cause of death. ... Synonym: agonal infection. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agonal leukocytosis
Synonym for terminal leukocytosis ... One that occurs in a person just prior to death, especially in one who has a 'slow death.' ... Synonym: agonal leukocytosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agonal rhythm
An idioventricular rhythm, characterised by unusually wide and bizarre ventricular complexes, often seen in moribund patients. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agonal thrombus
A heart clot formed during the act of dying after prolonged heart failure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agonic
Not forming an angle. ... <physics> Agonic line, an imaginary line on the earth's surface passing through those places where the magnetic needle points to the true north; the line of no magnetic variation. There is one such line in the Western hemisphere, and another in the Eastern hemisphere. ... Origin: Gr. Without angles; priv. + an angle.
agonist
1. <anatomy> A prime mover. ... 2. <pharmacology> A drug that has affinity for and stimulates physiologic activity at cell receptors normally stimulated by naturally occurring substances, thus triggering a biochemical response. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

agonistic behaviour
Any behaviour associated with conflict between two individuals. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

agony
Origin: L. Agonia, Gr, orig. A contest, fr., cf. F. Agonie. See Agon. ... 1. Violent contest or striving. 'The world is convulsed by the agonies of great nations.' (Macaulay) ... 2. Pain so extreme as to cause writhing or contortions of the body, similar to those made in the athletic contests in Greece; and hence, extreme pain of mind or body; anguis …

agoraphobia
<psychology> An unexplained fear of open spaces. ... Origin: Gr. Phobos = fear ... (16 Mar 1998) ...

agoraphobic
Relating to or characteristic of agoraphobia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agouti
Synonym: Dasyprocta. ... Origin: Fr., fr. Native Indian ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agraffe
An appliance for clamping together the edges of a wound, used in lieu of sutures. ... Origin: Fr. Agrafe, a hook, clasp ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agrammatica
Synonym for agrammatism ... A form of aphasia characterised by an inability to construct a grammatical sentence, and the use of unintelligible or incorrect words; caused by a lesion in the dominant temporal lobe. ... Synonym: agrammatica, agrammatologia, jargon aphasia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agrammatism
A form of aphasia characterised by an inability to construct a grammatical sentence, and the use of unintelligible or incorrect words; caused by a lesion in the dominant temporal lobe. ... Synonym: agrammatica, agrammatologia, jargon aphasia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agrammatologia
Synonym for agrammatism ... A form of aphasia characterised by an inability to construct a grammatical sentence, and the use of unintelligible or incorrect words; caused by a lesion in the dominant temporal lobe. ... Synonym: agrammatica, agrammatologia, jargon aphasia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agranular cortex
See: cerebral cortex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agranular endoplasmic reticulum
Endoplasmic reticulum that is lacking in ribosomal granules; involved in synthesis of complex lipids and fatty acids, detoxification of drugs, carbohydrate synthesis, and sequestering of Ca++. ... Synonym: smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agranular leukocyte
Synonym for nongranular leukocyte ... <haematology> A general, non-specific term frequently used with reference to lymphocytes, monocytes, and plasma cells; although the cytoplasm of a lymphocyte or monocyte contains tiny granules, it is nongranular in comparison with that of a neutrophil, basophil, or eosinophil. ... See: leukocyte. ... Synonym …

agranulocyte
A nongranular leukocyte. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + L. Granulum, granule, + G. Kytos, cell ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

agranulocytic angina
Synonym for agranulocytosis ... <haematology> A symptom complex characterised by marked decrease in the number of granulocytes and by lesions of the throat and other mucous membranes, of the gastrointestinal tract and of the skin, also called granulocytopenia and Schultz's disease. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

agranulocytosis
<haematology> A symptom complex characterised by marked decrease in the number of granulocytes and by lesions of the throat and other mucous membranes, of the gastrointestinal tract and of the skin, also called granulocytopenia and Schultz's disease. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

agranuloplastic
Capable of forming nongranular cells, and incapable of forming granular cells. ... Origin: G. A-priv. + L. Granulum, granule, + G. Plastikos, formative ... (05 Mar 2000) ...