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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


aditus ad antrum
Synonym for aperture of mastoid antrum ... The orifice leading from the epitympanic recess to the mastoid antrum. ... Synonym: aditus ad antrum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aditus ad aqueductum cerebri
Synonym for anus cerebri ... Entrance to the cerebral aqueduct (of Sylvius) from the caudal part of the third ventricle. ... Synonym: aditus ad aqueductum cerebri, Bartholin's anus, opening to cerebral aqueduct. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aditus ad infundibulum
Synonym for infundibular recess ... A funnel-shaped diverticulum leading from the anterior portion of the third ventricle down into the infundibulum of the hypophysis. ... Synonym: recessus infundibuli, aditus ad infundibulum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aditus ad saccum peritonei minorem
Synonym for epiploic foramen ... The passage, below and behind the portal hepatis, connecting the two sacs of the peritoneum; it is bounded anteriorly by the hepatoduodenal ligament and posteriorly by a peritoneal fold over the inferior vena cava. ... Synonym: foramen omentale, foramen epiploicum, aditus ad saccum peritonei minorem, Duverney's forame …

aditus glottidis inferior
Synonym for infraglottic cavity ... The part of the cavity of the larynx immediately below the glottis. ... Synonym: cavitas infraglotticum, aditus glottidis inferior, cavum infraglotticum, inferior laryngeal cavity, infraglottic space. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aditus glottidis superior
Synonym for intermediate laryngeal cavity ... Portion of the cavity of the larynx between the vestibular and vocal folds, with which the ventricles communicate. ... Synonym: aditus glottidis superior. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aditus laryngis
Synonym for inlet of larynx ... The aperture between the pharynx and larynx, bounded by the superior edges of the epiglottis (anteriorly), the aryepiglottic folds (laterally), and the mucosa between the arytenoids (posteriorly). ... Synonym: aditus laryngis, laryngeal aperture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aditus orbitae
Synonym for orbital opening ... The somewhat quadrangular anterior entrance to the orbit which forms the base of the pyramid-shaped orbital cavity. It is bounded by the sharp supra-, infra-, and lateral orbital margins and a less obvious medial margin on each side of the upper nose. ... Synonym: aditus orbitae, aperture of orbit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

aditus pelvis
Synonym for superior pelvic aperture ... The upper opening of the true pelvis, bounded anteriorly by the pubic symphysis and the pubic crest on either side, laterally by the iliopectineal lines, and posteriorly by the promontory of the sacrum. ... Synonym: apertura pelvis superior, aditus pelvis, first parallel pelvic plane, pelvic brim, pelvic inlet …

adjacent
Lying near, close, or contiguous; neighboring; bordering on; as, a field adjacent to the highway. 'The adjacent forest.' Adjacent or contiguous angle. ... Adjacent, Adjoining, Contiguous. Things are adjacent when they lie close each other, not necessary in actual contact; as, adjacent fields, adjacent villages, etc. 'I find that all Europe with her …

adjacent angle
An angle with a line in common with another angle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

adjacent wetlands
<ecology> The term adjacent means bordering, continguous, or neighboring. Wetlands are separated from other waters by man-made dikes or barriers, natural river berms, beach dunes, and the like are adjacent wetlands. ... (15 Jan 1998) ...

adjunct
1. Something joined or added to another thing, but not essentially a part of it. 'Learning is but an adjunct to our self.' (Shak) ... 2. A person joined to another in some duty or service; a colleague; an associate. ... 3. A word or words added to quality or amplify the force of other words; as, the History of the American Revolution, where the words …

adjust
1. To make exact; to fit; to make correspondent or conformable; to bring into proper relations; as, to adjust a garment to the body, or things to a standard. ... 2. To put in order; to regulate, or reduce to system. 'Adjusting the orthography.' (Johnson) ... 3. To settle or bring to a satisfactory state, so that parties are agreed in the result; as, …

adjustable articulator
An articulator which may be adjusted to permit movement of the casts into recorded eccentric relationships, an articulator capable of adjustment to more than one eccentric position. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

adjustment
1. The act of adjusting, or condition of being adjusted; act of bringing into proper relations; regulation. 'Success depends on the nicest and minutest adjustment of the parts concerned.' (Paley) ... 2. Settlement of claims; an equitable arrangement of conflicting claims, as in set-off, contribution, exoneration, subrogation, and marshaling. ... 3. T …

adjustment disorders
Maladaptive reactions to identifiable psychosocial stressors occurring within a short time after onset of the stressor. They are manifested by either impairment in social or occupational functioning or by symptoms (depression, anxiety, etc.) that are in excess of a normal and expected reaction to the stressor. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

adjutant
1. A helper; an assistant. ... 2. A regimental staff officer, who assists the colonel, or commanding officer of a garrison or regiment, in the details of regimental and garrison duty. Adjutant general, one of a select number of fathers, who resided with the general of the order, each of whom had a province or country assigned to his care. ... 3. < …

adjuvant
1. <pharmacology> A substance that, when added to a medicine, speeds or improves its action which aids another, such as an auxiliary remedy ... 2. <immunology> A substance added to a vaccine to improve the immune response so that less vaccine is needed to produce a non-specific stimulator (for example, BCG vaccine) of the immune response …

adjuvant analgesic
<pharmacology> A drug that is not a primary analgesic but that research has shown to have independent or additive analgesic properties. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

adjuvant chemotherapy
<oncology, pharmacology> Chemotherapy treatment that is given as an add-on to their primary cancer treatment, as in surgery or radiation therapy. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

adjuvant therapy
<oncology, pharmacology> Treatment that is added to increase the effectiveness of a primary treatment. In cancer, adjuvant treatment usually refers to chemotherapy, hormonal therapy or radiation therapy after surgery to increase the likelihood of killing all cancer cells. ... (14 May 1997) ...

adjuvant vaccine
A vaccine that contains an adjuvant; most often the antigen (immunogen) is included in a water-in-oil emulsion (Freund incomplete type adjuvant), or is adsorbed onto an inorganic gel (alum, aluminum hydroxide or phosphate). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

adjuvants, immunologic
Substances that augment, stimulate, activate, potentiate, or modulate the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. The classical agents (freund's adjuvant, bcg, corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contain bacterial antigens. Some are endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Their mode of action …

adjuvants, pharmaceutic
Agents that aid or increase the action of the principle drug or that affect the absorption, mechanism of action, metabolism, or excretion of the primary drug in such a way as to enhance its effects. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ADL
<abbreviation> Activities of daily living. ... See: activities of daily living scale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Adler, Alfred
<person> Austrian psychiatrist, 1870-1937. ... See: adlerian psychology, adlerian psychoanalysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Adler, Oscar
<person> German physician, 1879-1932. ... See: Adler's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Adler's test
Synonym for benzidine test ... A test for blood; the suspected fluid is treated with glacial acetic acid and ether, and the latter is then decanted and treated with hydrogen peroxide and a solution of benzidine in acetic acid; the presence of blood is indicated by a bluish colour turning to purple. ... Synonym: Adler's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

adlerian psychoanalysis
Synonym for individual psychology ... A theory of human behaviour emphasizing humans' social nature, strivings for mastery, and drive to overcome, by compensation, feelings of inferiority. ... Synonym: adlerian psychoanalysis, adlerian psychology. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

adlerian psychology
Synonym for individual psychology ... A theory of human behaviour emphasizing humans' social nature, strivings for mastery, and drive to overcome, by compensation, feelings of inferiority. ... Synonym: adlerian psychoanalysis, adlerian psychology. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

admaxillary gland
Synonym for accessory parotid gland ... An occasional islet of parotid tissue separate from the mass of the gland, lying anteriorly just above the commencement of the parotid duct. ... Synonym: glandula parotidea accessoria, admaxillary gland, glandula parotis accessoria, socia parotidis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

admedial
Synonym for admedian ... Toward or near the median plane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

admedian
Toward or near the median plane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

adminiculum
That which gives support to a part. ... Origin: L. A hand-rest, prop, fr. Ad + manus, hand ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

adminiculum lineae albae
A triangular fibrous expansion, sometimes containing a few muscular fibres, passing from the superior pubic ligament to the posterior surface of the linea alba. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

administer
1. To manage or conduct, as public affairs; to direct or superintend the execution, application, or conduct of; as, to administer the government or the state. 'For forms of government let fools contest: Whate'er is best administered is best.' (Pope) ... 2. To dispense; to serve out; to supply; execute; as, to administer relief, to administer the sac …

administration
1. The act of administering; government of public affairs; the service rendered, or duties assumed, in conducting affairs; the conducting of any office or employment; direction; management. 'His financial administration was of a piece with his military administration.' (Macaulay) ... 2. The executive part of government; the persons collectively who …

administration, buccal
Administration of a soluble dosage form between the cheek and gingiva. It may involve direct application of a drug onto the buccal mucosa, as by painting or spraying. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

administration, cutaneous
The application of suitable drug dosage forms to the skin for either local or systemic effects. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

administration, inhalation
The administration of drugs by the respiratory route. It includes insufflation into the respiratory tract. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

administration, intravaginal
The insertion of drugs into the vagina to treat local infections, neoplasms, or to induce labour. The dosage forms may include medicated pessaries, irrigation fluids, and suppositories. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

administration, intravesical
The instillation or other administration of drugs into the bladder, usually to treat local disease, including neoplasms. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

administration, oral
The giving of drugs, chemicals, or other substances by mouth. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

administration, rectal
The insertion of drugs into the rectum, usually for confused or incompetent patients, like children, infants, and the very old or comatose. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

administration, sublingual
Administration of a soluble dosage form by placement under the tongue. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

administrative personnel
Individuals responsible for the development of policy and supervision of the execution of plans and functional operations. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

admiral
1. A naval officer of the highest rank; a naval officer of high rank, of which there are different grades. The chief gradations in rank are admiral, vice admiral, and rear admiral. The admiral is the commander in chief of a fleet or of fleets. ... 2. The ship which carries the admiral; also, the most considerable ship of a fleet. 'Like some mighty a …

admiralty
Origin: F. Amiraute, for an older amiralte, office of admiral, fr. LL. Admiralitas. See Admiral. ... 1. The office or jurisdiction of an admiral. ... 2. The department or officers having authority over naval affairs generally. ... 3. The court which has jurisdiction of maritime questions and offenses. ... In England, admiralty jurisdiction was formerly …

admiration
1. Wonder; astonishment. 'Season your admiration for a while.' (Shak) ... 2. Wonder mingled with approbation or delight; an emotion excited by a person or thing possessed of wonderful or high excellence; as, admiration of a beautiful woman, of a landscape, of virtue. ... 3. Cause of admiration; something to excite wonder, or pleased surprise; a prodi …

admit
1. To suffer to enter; to grant entrance, whether into a place, or into the mind, or consideration; to receive; to take; as, they were into his house; to admit a serious thought into the mind; to admit evidence in the trial of a cause. ... 2. To give a right of entrance; as, a ticket one into a playhouse. ... 3. To allow (one) to enter on an office o …

admitting department, hospital
Hospital department responsible for the flow of patients and the processing of admissions, discharges, transfers, and also most procedures to be carried out in the event of a patient's death. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

admixture lesion
<radiology> Cyanosis and increased pulmonary blood flow, transposition (TGV), truncus arteriosis, TAPVR, tricuspid atresia (sort of intracardiac TAPVR) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

adnate
<botany> A plant part which is fused to an organ of a different kind, for example a stamen fused to a petal. ... (15 Jan 1998) ...

adnerval
Synonym for adneural ... 1. Lying near a nerve. ... 2. In the direction of a nerve; said of an electric current passing through muscular tissue toward the point of entrance of the nerve. ... Synonym: adnerval. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

adneural
1. Lying near a nerve. ... 2. In the direction of a nerve; said of an electric current passing through muscular tissue toward the point of entrance of the nerve. ... Synonym: adnerval. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

adnexa
This Latin word (in the plural) is used in medicine in reference to appendages. For example, in gynecology the adnexa are the appendages of the uterus, namely the ovaries, Fallopian tubes and ligaments that hold the uterus in place. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

adnexa oculi
Synonym for accessory organs of the eye ... The eyelids, with lashes and eyebrows, lacrimal apparatus, conjunctival sac, and extrinsic muscles of the eyeball. ... Synonym: organa oculi accessoria, accessory organs, accessory visual apparatus, adnexa oculi, appendages of eye. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

adnexa uteri
The uterine appendages: the ovaries, uterine tubes, and ligaments of the uterus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

adnexal
Relating to the adnexa. ... Synonym: annexal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

adnexal adenoma
<tumour> An adenoma arising in, or forming structures resembling, skin appendages. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

adnexal carcinoma
<tumour> A carcinoma arising in, or forming structures resembling, skin appendages. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

adnexal diseases
Diseases of the uterine appendages: the ovaries, uterine tubes, and ligaments of the uterus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

adnexectomy
1. Excision of any adnexa. ... 2. In gynecology, excision of the fallopian tube and ovary if unilateral and excision of both tubes and ovaries (adnexa uteri) if bilateral. ... Synonym: annexectomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

adnexitis
<gynaecology> Inflammation of the adnexa uteri. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

adnexopexy
Operation for suspension of the fallopian tube and ovary; usually, oophoropexy is accomplished without suspension of the tube. ... Synonym: annexopexy. ... Origin: L. Annexa, adnexa, + G. Pexis, fixation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

adnexum
Singular of adnexa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

adolescent
<paediatrics> An individual during the period of adolescence. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

adolescent albuminuria
Functional albuminuria occurring at about the time of puberty; it is usually cyclic or orthostatic albuminuria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

adolescent behaviour
Any observable response or action of an adolescent. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

adolescent crisis
The emotional turmoil often accompanying adolescence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

adolescent health services
Organised services to provide health care to adolescents, ages ranging from 13 through 18 years. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

adolescent medicine
A branch of medicine pertaining to the diagnosis and treatment of diseases occurring during the period beginning with puberty until the cessation of somatic growth. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

adolescent nutrition
Nutrition of children aged 13-18 years. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

adolescent psychiatry
The medical science that deals with the origin, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of mental disorders in individuals 13-18 years. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

adolescent psychology
Field of psychology concerned with the normal and abnormal behaviour of adolescents. It includes mental processes as well as observable responses. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

adolescent round back
Synonym for scheuermann's disease ... Osteochondrosis of the vertebral epiphyses in children. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

adolescent, hospitalised
Adolescent hospitalised for short term care. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

adolescent, institutionalised
Adolescent placed in institutions on a long term basis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

adonis
1. A youth beloved by Venus for his beauty. He was killed in the chase by a wild boar. ... 2. A preeminently beautiful young man; a dandy. ... 3. <botany> A genus of plants of the family Ranunculaceae, containing the pheasaut's eye (Adonis autumnalis); named from Adonis, whose blood was fabled to have stained the flower. ... Origin: L, gr. Gr.
adonitol
Synonym for ribitol ... <chemical> A sugar alcohol formed by the reduction of ribose. ... Chemical name: Ribitol ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

adopter
1. One who adopts. ... 2. <chemistry> A receiver, with two necks, opposite to each other, one of which admits the neck of a retort, and the other is joined to another receiver. It is used in distillations, to give more space to elastic vapors, to increase the length of the neck of a retort, or to unite two vessels whose openings have different …

adoption
Voluntary acceptance of a child of other parents to be as one's own child, usually with legal confirmation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

adoptive immunity
<immunology> Immunity to disease or infection conferred on a previously non-immune individual by transferring lymphocytes from a previously immune individual to the non-immune individual. ... (15 Jan 1998) ...

adoptive transfer
Form of passive immunization where previously sensitised immunologic agents (cells or serum) are transferred to non-immune recipients. When transfer of cells is used as a therapy for the treatment of neoplasms, it is called adoptive immunotherapy (immunotherapy, adoptive). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

adoral
An obsolete term for orad. ... Origin: L. Ad, to, + os(or-), mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

adoration
1. The act of playing honor to a divine being; the worship paid to God; the act of addressing as a god. 'The more immediate objects of popular adoration amongst the heathens were deified human beings.' (Farmer) ... 2. Homage paid to one in high esteem; profound veneration; intense regard and love; fervent devotion. ... 3. A method of electing a pope …

adosterol
<chemical> 6 beta-iodomethyl-19-norcholest-5(10)-en-3 beta-ol. A sterol usually substituted with radioactive iodine. It is an adrenal cortex scanning agent with demonstrated high adrenal concentration and superior adrenal imaging. ... Chemical name: 19-Norcholest-5(10)-en-3-ol, 6-(iodomethyl)-, (3beta,6beta)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ADP
Synonym for adenosine diphosphate ... <biochemistry> ADP is used as an adenine, a ribose and a diphosphate unit. ... (06 May 1997) ...

ADP - thymidine kinase
<enzyme> Induced by herpes simplex virus infection of mouse fibroblasts ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.118 ... Synonym: ADP-thymidine 5'-phosphotransferase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

ADP ribose-histone hydrolase
<enzyme> Splits bond between ADP ribose and histone ... Registry number: EC 4.2.99.- ... Synonym: ADP-ribosyl histone splitting enzyme, ADP-ribosyl protein lyase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

ADP ribosylation
Covalent attachment of an ADP-ribosyl moiety to a macromolecule; e.g., the action of diphtheria toxin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ADPase
Synonym for apyrase ... <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses breakdown of ATP to AMP, usually extracted from plants, but aortic and placental forms have also been described. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

ADPribosylarginine hydrolase
<enzyme> Acts on adpribose arginine to yield adpribose and arginine ... Registry number: EC 3.2.2.19 ... Synonym: adpribose-arginine cleavage enzyme, ADP-ra-cleavage enzyme, ADP-ribosylarginine hydrolase, ADP-ribosylarginine glycohydrolase, ADP-ribose-arginine cleavage enzyme, ADP-ribosylprotein hydrolase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

adrenal adenoma
<radiology> Benign adrenal tumour, hyperfunctioning adenoma can cause, primary hyperaldosteronism, Cushing syndrome, nonfunctional adenoma seen in 2-8% of population, differentiate from metastasis, MRI: metastasis bright on T2, biopsy, follow see: adrenal mass ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

adrenal androgen
Any androgenic hormone of adrenocortical origin; e.g., dehydroepiandrosterone (and its sulfate), androstenedione, 11b-hydroxyandrostenedione. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

adrenal angiography
<radiology> Adrenal arteriography, 3 arteries: superior - inferior phrenic a., middle - aorta, inferior - renal a., difficult to inject all 3; arteriography usually not attempted adrenal venography, venous sampling, may define anatomy, may rupture capsule and ablate function ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

adrenal apoplexy
Haemorrhage into the adrenal glands or thrombosis of the adrenal veins, followed by acute adrenal insufficiency, occurring in the Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

adrenal body
Synonym for suprarenal gland ... See adrenal gland. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

adrenal calcification
<radiology> Haemorrhage, cyst, Addison's disease (e.g., TB, histo), neoplasm, pheochromocytoma, adrenal cortical adenoma/carcinoma, adrenal choristoma (myelolipoma), metastatic melanoma, Wolman disease ... (12 Dec 1998) ...