Copy of `mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary`

The wordlist doesn't exist anymore, or, the website doesn't exist anymore. On this page you can find a copy of the original information. The information may have been taken offline because it is outdated.

mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

diprosopus
Conjoined twins with almost complete fusion of the bodies and with normal limbs. Part or all of the face may be duplicated. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Origin: G. Di-, two + prosopon, face ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diprotic acid
An acid that can donate two protons. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

dipsesis
An abnormal or excessive thirst, or a craving for unusual forms of drink. ... Synonym: dipsosis, morbid thirst. ... Origin: G. Dipseo, to thirst ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dipsogen
A thirst-provoking agent. ... Origin: G. Dipsa, thirst, + -gen, producing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dipsotherapy
Treatment of certain diseases by abstention, as far as possible, from liquids. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Diptera
Order of insects with one pair of wings, the second pair being modified into balancing organs, the halteres, the mouthparts are modified for sucking or piercing. The insects show complete metamorphosis in that they have larval, pupal and imaginal stages. The order includes the flies and mosquitoes, best known genera are Anopheles and Drosophila. …

diptericin
<protein> Inducible glycine rich antibacterial peptides (about 8 kD) from Dipteran haemolymph. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Dipus sagitta
A small rodent of southern Russia that serves as a vector, through fleas, of Yersinia pestis (plague bacillus). ... Origin: G. Dipous, jerboa, two-footed; L. Sagitta, arrow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dipygus
Conjoined twins with the head and thorax completely merged, and the pelvis and lower extremities duplicated; when the duplications of the lower parts are symmetrical, usually called duplicitas posterior. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Origin: G. Di-, two, + pyge, buttocks ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dipylidiasis
Infection of carnivores and man with the cestode Dipylidium caninum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Dipylidium caninum
The commonest species of dog tapeworm, the double-pored tapeworm, the larvae of which are harbored by dog fleas or lice; the worm occasionally infects humans, especially children licked by dogs that have recently nipped infected fleas. ... Origin: G. Dipylos, with two entrances; L. Ntr. Of caninus, pertaining to canis, dog ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dipyridamole
<chemical> 2,2',2'',2'''-((4,8-di-1-piperidinylpyrimido(5,4-d)pyrimidine-2,6-diyl)dinitrilo)tetrakisethanol. A coronary vasodilator often used in diagnostic imaging. It has been known to induce myocardial ischemia in patients with ischemic heart disease. ... Pharmacological action: platelet aggregation inhibitors, vasodilator agents. ... Chemic …

dipyridamole-thallium imaging
<radiology> Myocardial perfusion imaging for patients who cannot exercise, dipyridamole, potent coronary vasodilator, dose: 300 mg IV, side effects relieved by aminophyllin, thallium given when: symptomatic, HR increased 10 bpm, diastolic BP decreased 10 mm Hg, 45 min after PO dose ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dipyrimidine photolyase
deoxyribodipyrimidine photolyase ...

dipyrine
Synonym for aminopyrine ... <chemical> A drug with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties but, owing to the risk of agranulocytosis, whose use is discouraged. ... Pharmacological action: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. ... Chemical name: 3H-Pyrazol-3-one, 4-(dimethylamino)-1,2-dihydro-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl- ... (12 Dec 1 …

dipyrone
<chemical> ((2,3-dihydro-1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-1h-pyrazol-4-yl)methylamino)methanesulfonic acid. A drug that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is the sodium sulfonate of aminopyrine. Because of the risk of serious adverse effects its use is justified only in serious situations where no alternative is avail …

diquat
<chemical> A contact herbicide used also to produce desiccation and defoliation. ... Pharmacological action: defoliants, chemical, herbicides. ... Chemical name: Dipyrido(1,2-a:2',1'-c)pyrazinediium, 6,7-dihydro- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dir prop
<abbreviation> L. Directione propria, with proper direction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct
1. Straight, in a straight line. ... 2. Performed immediately and without the intervention of subsidiary means. ... Origin: L. Directus ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

direct acrylic restoration
A direct resin restoration of autopolymerizing acrylic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct agglutination
A general term for techniques which use the agglutination (macroscopic clumping) of particulate reagents as an indicator of the presence of an antigen-antibody reaction. Examples (haemagglutination, latex agglutination and coagglutination) follow. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct B-cell
Lymphocytes responding to a small range of antigens by antibody production without any requirement for T-cells. The antigens include flagellin and pokeweed mitogen. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

direct bilirubin
Conjugated bilirubin = Direct bilirubin. Bilirubin that has been chemically attached to a glucuronide in the liver. The bilirubin that is excreted into the bile by the liver and stored in the gallbladder or transferred to the duodenum. Normal direct bilirubin is 0 to 0.3 mg/dl. Greater than normal values can be seen in bile duct obstruction, cirrho …

direct bone impression
An impression of denuded bone, used in the construction of subperiosteal denture implants. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct composite resin restoration
Synonym for direct resin restoration ... A direct restoration made by inserting a plastic mix of auto or light-polymerised resins in a cavity prepared in a tooth. ... Synonym: direct composite resin restoration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct contamination
<dentistry> Direct contact with impurities or germs. (for example by a patient sneezing on the assistant.) ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

direct Coombs' test
A test for detecting sensitised erythrocytes in erythroblastosis foetalis and in cases of acquired immune haemolytic anaemia: the patient's erythrocytes are washed with saline to remove serum and unattached antibody protein, then incubated with Coombs' anti-human globulin (usually serum from a rabbit or goat previously immunised with human globulin …

direct current
(DC) Electric current which travels continuously in the same direction over a sustained period of time, contrast with AC (Alternating Current) which oscillates as a function of time. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

direct diuretic
A diuretic whose primary effect is on renal tubular function. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct drive
<radiobiology> An approach to inertial-confinement fusion in which the energy of the driver (laser or particle beam) is directly incident on the (usually spherical) target, causing compression heating via ablation of the target surface. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

direct embolism
Embolism occurring in the direction of the blood current. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct filling resin
An autopolymerizing resin especially designed as a dental restorative material. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct flap
A flap raised completely and transferred at the same stage. ... Synonym: immediate flap. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct fluorescent antibody
The straightforward detection of antigens using fluorescent labelled antigen-specific antibody. Because detection of the antigen in a substrate of patient sample (cellular smear, fluid or patient-inoculated culture medium) is the goal, direct fluorescent antibody is seldom quantitative. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct fluorescent antibody test
Synonym for fluorescent antibody technique ... Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (fluorescent antibody technique, direct) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labelled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (fluorescent anti …

direct fracture
A fracture, especially of the skull, occurring at the point of injury. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct illumination
An illumination in which the rays of light are directed downward, almost perpendicularly onto the upper surface of the object, which reflects the rays upward into the optical system. ... Synonym: erect illumination, vertical illumination. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct image
Synonym for virtual image ... <microscopy> Such as seen in a mirror or through a magnifier. A virtual image has no real existence in space as does a real image from a lens. It does have a definite location, however, caused by the angles of divergence of the rays received by the eye. This can be shown by the common school experiment of placing …

direct inguinal hernia
See: inguinal hernia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct lead
In electrocardiography, a unipolar lead recorded with the exploring electrode placed directly on the surface of the exposed heart. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct life cycle
<epidemiology> A life cycle in which a parasite is transmitted directly from one host to the next without an intermediate host or vector of another species. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

direct lytic factor of cobra venom
Synonym for cobrotoxin ... A polypeptide of 62 residues; action on cells is similar to that of melittin in that it promotes disruption of membranes; used as an investigational antirheumatic agent. ... Synonym: cobra toxin, direct lytic factor of cobra venom. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct lytic factors
most abundant proteins in cobra (naja of the elapids) venom; basic polypeptides of 57 to 62 amino acids with four disulfide bonds and a molecular weight of less than 7000; causes skeletal and cardiac muscle contracture, interferes with neuromuscular and ganglionic transmission, depolarises nerve, muscle and blood cell membranes, thus causing haemol …

direct maternal death
Death resulting from obstetric complications of the gestation, labour, or puerperium, and from interventions, omissions, incorrect treatment, or a chain of events caused by any of the above, indirect maternal death, an obstetric death resulting from previously existing disease or from disease developing during pregnancy, labour, or the puerperium; …

direct method for making inlays
In dentistry, an inlay technique in which the wax pattern is made directly in the prepared cavity in the tooth. ... Synonym: direct technique. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct nuclear division
Synonym for amitosis ... <cell biology> An unusual form of nuclear division, in which the nucleus simply constricts, rather like a cell without chromosome condensation or spindle formation. Partitioning of daughter chromosomes is haphazard. Observed in some Protozoa. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

direct ophthalmoscope
<instrument> An instrument designed to visualise the interior of the eye, with the instrument relatively close to the subject's eye and the observer viewing an upright magnified image. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct ophthalmoscopy
Ophthalmoscopy performed with a direct ophthalmoscope. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct percussion
Synonym for immediate percussion ... The striking of the part under examination directly with the finger or a plessor, without the intervention of another finger or plessimeter. ... Synonym: direct percussion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct pulp capping
A procedure for covering and protecting an exposed vital pulp. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct pyramidal tract
Synonym for anterior pyramidal tract ... Uncrossed fibres forming a small bundle in the pyramidal tract. ... See: pyramidal tract. ... Synonym: tractus corticospinalis anterior, tractus pyramidalis anterior, anterior corticospinal tract, anterior pyramidal fasciculus, direct pyramidal tract, fasciculus corticospinalis anterior, fasciculus pyramidalis …

direct rays
Synonym for primary rays ... Cosmic ray's in the form in which they first strike the atmosphere, X-ray's generated at the focal spot of the tube. ... Synonym: direct rays. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct reacting bilirubin
The fraction of serum bilirubin which has been conjugated with glucuronic acid in the liver cell to form bilirubin diglucuronide; so called because it reacts directly with the Ehrlich diazo reagent; increased levels are found in hepatobiliary diseases, especially of the obstructive variety. ... Synonym: conjugated bilirubin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct resin restoration
A direct restoration made by inserting a plastic mix of auto or light-polymerised resins in a cavity prepared in a tooth. ... Synonym: direct composite resin restoration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct retainer
A clasp or attachment applied to an abutment tooth for the purpose of maintaining a removable appliance in position. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct retention
Retention obtained in a removable partial denture by the use of attachments or clasps which resist their removal from the abutment teeth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct service costs
Costs which are directly identifiable with a particular service. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

direct technique
Synonym for direct method for making inlays ... In dentistry, an inlay technique in which the wax pattern is made directly in the prepared cavity in the tooth. ... Synonym: direct technique. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct terminal repeat
A particular sequence of nucleotides which appears on both ends of a DNA or RNA molecule. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

direct transfusion
Transfusion of blood from the donor to the receptor, either through a tube connecting their blood or by suturing the vessels together. ... Synonym: immediate transfusion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct vision
Synonym for central vision ... <ophthalmology> Vision stimulated by an object imaged on the fovea centralis. ... Synonym: direct vision. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

direct vision spectroscope
<instrument> A spectroscope consisting of a single tube containing a series of prisms; one end of the tube is placed in as close contact as possible with the substance to be examined while the observer places his eye at the opposite end; it can be used to make a spectroscopic examination of the blood in vivo, as in the ear lobe or web of the …

direct zoonosis
A zoonosis transmitted between animal and humans from an infected to a susceptible host by contact, by airborne droplets or droplet nuclei, or by some vehicle of transmission; the agent requires a single vertebrate host for completion of its life cycle and does not develop or show significant change during transmission; may include anthropozoonoses …

directed molecular evolution
Techniques used to produce molecules exhibiting properties that conform to the demands of the experimenter. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

directional atherectomy
<procedure> Removal of coronary atherometer with instrumented catheter. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

directional cloning
DNA insert and vector molecules are digested with two different restriction enzymes to create noncomplementary sticky ends at either endof each restriction fragment. This allows the insert to be ligated tothe vector in a specific orientation and prevents the vector fromrecircularising. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

directive psychotherapy
Psychotherapy utilizing the authority of the therapist to direct the course of the patient's therapy, as contrasted with nondirective psychotherapy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

directives, advance medical
Advance directives preserve the person's right to accept or reject a course of medical treatment even after that person becomes mentally or physically incapacitated to the point of being unable to communicate those wishes. There ared two basic types of advance directives: (1) a living will, in which the person outlines specific treatment guidelines …

directly
1. In a direct manner; in a straight line or course. 'To run directly on.' 'Indirectly and directly too Thou hast contrived against the very life Of the defendant.' (Shak) ... 2. In a straightforward way; without anything intervening; not by secondary, but by direct, means. ... 3. Without circumlocution or ambiguity; absolutely; in express terms. 'No …

director
1. One who, or that which, directs; one who regulates, guides, or orders; a manager or superintendent. 'In all affairs thou sole director.' (Swift) ... 2. One of a body of persons appointed to manage the affairs of a company or corporation; as, the directors of a bank, insurance company, or railroad company. 'What made directors cheat in South-Sea y …

directories
Lists of persons or organizations, systematically arranged, usually in alphabetic or classed order, giving address, affiliations, etc., for individuals, and giving address, officers, functions, and similar data for organizations. (ala glossary of library and information science, 1983) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

directory
An alphabetical or classified list of names, organizations, subjects, etc., giving usually titles, addresses, affiliations, and other professional data. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

directrix
1. A directress. ... 2. <geometry> A line along which a point in another line moves, or which in any way governs the motion of the point and determines the position of the curve generated by it; the line along which the generatrix moves in generating a surface. A straight line so situated with respect to a conic section that the distance of an …

dirigation
Development of voluntary control over functions that are ordinarily involuntary. ... Origin: irreg., fr. L. Dirigo, to direct, control ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dirige
A service for the dead, in the Roman Catholic Church, being the first antiphon of Matins for the dead, of which Dirige is the first word; a dirge. 'Evensongs and placebo and dirige.' (Wyclif) 'Resort, I pray you, unto my sepulture To sing my dirige with great devotion.' (Lamentation of Mary Magdalene) ... Origin: L. See Dirge. ... Source: Websters Di …

dirigomotor
Directing muscular movement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dirofilaria
A genus of filarial nematodes. Various immature species have been found to infect the eyes or subcutaneous tissue in humans. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Dirofilaria conjunctivae
Name assigned to filarial worms removed from tumours and abscesses in various sites in human cases, especially palpebral conjunctivae and other eye tissues, but also subcutaneous tissues from other sites; probably caused by a number of species of animal origin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dirofilaria immitis
A filarial parasite primarily of dogs but occurring also in foxes, wolves, and humans. The parasite is transmitted by mosquitoes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dirofilariasis
Infection with nematodes of the genus dirofilaria, usually in animals, especially dogs, but occasionally in man. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dirt
1. Any foul of filthy substance, as excrement, mud, dust, etc.; whatever, adhering to anything, renders it foul or unclean; earth; as, a wagonload of dirt. 'Whose waters cast up mire and dirt.' (Is. Lvii. 20) ... 2. Meanness; sordidness. 'Honors . . . Thrown away upon dirt and infamy.' (Melmoth) ... 3. In placer mining, earth, gravel, etc, before was …

dirt-eating
Synonym for geophagia ... Geophagismgeophagy ... The practice of eating dirt or clay. ... Synonym: dirt-eating, earth-eating. ... Origin: Geo-+ G. Phago, to eat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dis-
1. <prefix> A prefix from the Latin, whence F. Des, or sometimes de-, dis-. The Latin dis- appears as di- before b, d, g, l, m, n, r, v, becomes dif- before f, and either dis- or di- before j. It is from the same root as bis twice, and duo, E. Two. See Two, and cf. Bi-, Di-, Dia-. Dis- denotes separation, a parting from, as in distribute, dis …

DIS2 protein phosphatase
<enzyme> A type 1 protein phosphatase; involved in glycogen phosphorylase activation; interacts genetically with the ras-camp pathway; has been sequenced ... Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- ... Synonym: dis2 protein, dis2 gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

disability
1. State of being disabled; deprivation or want of ability; absence of competent physical, intellectual, or moral power, means, fitness, and the like. 'Grossest faults, or disabilities to perform what was covenanted.' (Milton) 'Chatham refused to see him, pleading his disability.' (Bancroft) ... 2. Want of legal qualification to do a thing; legal in …

disability evaluation
Determination of the degree of a physical, mental, or emotional handicap. The diagnosis is applied to legal qualification for benefits and income under disability insurance and to eligibility for social security and workmen's compensation benefits. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

disable
1. To render unable or incapable; to destroy the force, vigor, or power of action of; to deprive of competent physical or intellectual power; to incapacitate; to disqualify; to make incompetent or unfit for service; to impair. 'A Christian's life is a perpetual exercise, a wrestling and warfare, for which sensual pleasure disables him.' (Jer. Taylo …

disabled children
Children with mental or physical disabilities that interfere with usual activities of daily living and that may require accomodation or intervention. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

disabled persons
Persons with physical or mental disabilities that affect or limit their activities of daily living and that may require special accommodations. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

disaccharidase deficiency
A digestive disorder caused by the body being unable to produce enough disaccharidase, an enzyme responsible for breaking down carbohydrates in the small intestine. This may cause symptoms such as intestinal gas and diarrhoea. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

disaccharidases
<enzyme> Registry number: EC 3.2.1.- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

disaccharide
<biochemistry> A sugar such as sucrose, which is made up of two monosaccharides: one glucose molecule and one fructose molecule. Two common disaccharides are sucrose and lactose. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

disaccharides
A class of sugars composed of two glycosidically linked monosaccharides. The term is most commonly used for those composed of hexoses, such as sucrose, lactose, and maltose. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

disaggregatase
<enzyme> From methanosarcina mazei lyc; hydrolyzes heteropolysaccharides ... Registry number: EC 3.2.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

disaggregation
1. A breaking up into component parts. ... 2. An inability to coordinate various sensations and failure to comprehend their mutual relations. ... Origin: L. Dis-, separating, + ag-grego (adg-), pp. -gregatus, to add to something ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

disagree
1. To fail to accord; not to agree; to lack harmony; to differ; to be unlike; to be at variance. 'They reject the plainest sense of Scripture, because it seems o disagree with what they call reason.' (Atterbury) ... 2. To differ in opinion; to hold discordant views; to be at controversy; to quarrel. 'Who shall decide, when doctors disagree?' (Pope)< …

disagreement
1. The state of disagreeing; a being at variance; dissimilitude; diversity. ... 2. Unsuitableness; unadaptedness. ... 3. Difference of opinion or sentiment. ... 4. A falling out, or controversy; difference. ... Synonym: Difference, diversity, dissimilitude, unlikeness, discrepancy, variance, dissent, misunderstanding, dissension, division, dispute, jar …

disappearing bone disease
Extensive decalcification of a single bone; of unknown cause, sometimes associated with angioma. ... Synonym: Gorham's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

disappointment
1. The act of disappointing, or the state of being disappointed; defeat or failure of expectation or hope; miscarriage of design or plan; frustration. 'If we hope for things of which we have not thoroughly considered the value, our disappointment will be greater our pleasure in the fruition of them.' (Addison) 'In disappointment thou canst bless.' …

disarticulation
Amputation or separation at a joint. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...