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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


diffuse small bowel disease
<radiology> SWELL GAMES, S sprue, dilatation, dilution, moulage, reversal of jejunal and ileal patterns, W Whipple disease, coarse nodular and irregular mucosa, E oedema, L lymphangiectasis, nodular, thickened folds, L lymphoma, nodular, thickened folds, G giardiasis, oedema and spasm of proximal small bowel, A amyloid, symmetric fold thicken …

diffuse small cleaved cell lymphoma
<tumour> A diffuse poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma; follicular centre cell lymphoma that lacks a follicular pattern; malignancy is of intermediate grade. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diffuse waxy spleen
A condition of amyloid degeneration of the spleen, affecting chiefly the extrasinusoidal tissue spaces of the pulp. ... Synonym: lardaceous spleen ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diffused reflex
One of several reflex's occurring in association with the main reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diffusible stimulant
A stimulant that produces a rapid but temporary effect. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diffusing capacity
The amount of oxygen taken up by pulmonary capillary blood per minute per unit average oxygen pressure gradient between alveolar gas and pulmonary capillary blood; units are: ml/min/mm Hg; also applied to other gases such as carbon monoxide. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diffusing factor
Synonym for hyaluronidase ... <enzyme> Enzyme that degrades hyaluronic acid, found in lysosomes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

diffusion
The process of becoming diffused or widely spread, the spontaneous movement of molecules or other particles in solution, owing to their random thermal motion, to reach a uniform concentration throughout the solvent, a process requiring no addition of energy to the system. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

diffusion anoxia
Diffusion hypoxia severe enough to result in the absence of oxygen in alveolar gas. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diffusion chambers, culture
Devices used in a technique by which cells or tissues are grown in vitro or, by implantation, in vivo within chambers permeable to diffusion of solutes across the chamber walls. The chambers are used for studies of drug effects, osmotic responses, cytogenic and immunologic phenomena, metabolism, etc., and include tissue cages. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diffusion coefficient
For the translational diffusion of solutes, diffusion is described by Fick's First Law, that states that the amount of a substance crossing a given area is proportional to the spatial gradient of concentration and the diffusion constant (D), that is related to molecular size and shape. A useful derived relationship is that the mean square distance …

diffusion constant
Synonym for diffusion coefficient ... For the translational diffusion of solutes, diffusion is described by Fick's First Law, that states that the amount of a substance crossing a given area is proportional to the spatial gradient of concentration and the diffusion constant (D), that is related to molecular size and shape. A useful derived relations …

diffusion hypoxia
Abrupt transient decrease in alveolar oxygen tension when room air is inhaled at the conclusion of a nitrous oxide anaesthesia, because nitrous oxide diffusing out of the blood dilutes the alveolar oxygen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diffusion limitation
The boundary layer hypothesis, that the proliferation of cells in culture is limited by the rate at which some essential component (almost certainly a growth factor) diffuses from the bulk medium into the layer immediately adjacent to the plasma membrane. By spreading out, a cell obtains a supra threshold level of the factor and can divide, if unab …

diffusion method
Synonym for auxanographic method ... A method for the study of bacterial enzymes in which agar is mixed with the material (e.g., starch or milk) which is to serve as an indicator of the enzyme action and is inoculated and plated; if the bacteria produce enzymes digesting the admixed material, there will be a zone of clearing in the medium about each …

diffusion of innovation
The broad dissemination of new ideas, procedures, techniques, materials, and devices and the degree to which these are accepted and used. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diffusion potential
Potential arising from different rates of diffusion of ions at the interface of two dissimilar fluids, a junction potential. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

diffusion respiration
Maintenance of oxygenation during apnea by intratracheal insufflation of oxygen at high flow rates. ... Synonym: apneic oxygenation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diffusion shell
A small vessel made of a semipermeable membrane through which peptone, but not serum albumin, can pass; used in performing the Abderhalden test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diflorasone diacetate
Pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, 17,21-bis(acetyloxy)-6,9-difluoro-11-hydroxy-16-methyl-, (6a,11b,16b)-;an anti-inflammatory corticosteroid used in topical preparations. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diflubenzuron
<chemical> N-(((4-chlorophenyl)amino)carbonyl)-2,6-difluorobenzamide. An insect growth regulator which interferes with the formation of the insect cuticle. It is effective in the control of mosquitoes and flies. ... Chemical name: Benzamide, N-(((4-chlorophenyl)amino)carbonyl)-2,6-difluoro- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diflucortolone
<chemical> 6 alpha,9-difluoro-11 beta,21-dihydroxy-16 alpha-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione. A topical glucocorticoid used in various dermatoses. It is absorbed through the skin, bound to plasma albumin, and may cause adrenal suppression. It is also administered as the valerate. ... Pharmacological action: glucocorticoids, synthetic, glucoco …

diflunisal
<chemical> 2',4'-difluoro-4-hydroxy-(1,1'-biphenyl)-3-carboxylic acid. A salicylate derivative and anti-inflammatory analgesic with actions and side effects similar to those of aspirin. ... Pharmacological action: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, cyclooxygenase inhibitors. ... Chemical name: (1,1'-Biphenyl)-3-carboxylic acid, 2',4'-diflu …

dig
1. To turn up, or delve in, (earth) with a spade or a hoe; to open, loosen, or break up (the soil) with a spade, or other sharp instrument; to pierce, open, or loosen, as if with a spade. 'Be first to dig the ground.' (Dryden) ... 2. To get by digging; as, to dig potatoes, or gold. ... 3. To hollow out, as a well; to form, as a ditch, by removing ear …

digametic
Synonym for heterogametic ... Having sex gametes of contrasting types; human males are heterogametic. ... Synonym: digametic. ... Origin: hetero-+ G. Gametikos, connubial ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digastric
<anatomy> Having two bellies; biventral; applied to muscles which are fleshy at each end and have a tendon in the middle, and especially. To the muscle which pulls down the lower jaw. ... Pertaining to the digastric muscle of the lower jaw; as, the digastric nerves. ... Origin: Gr. = twice + belly: cf. F. Digastrique. ... Source: Websters Dictio …

digastric branch of facial nerve
<anatomy, nerve> Branch of the facial nerve innervating the posterior belly of the digastric muscle. ... Synonym: ramus digastricus nervi facialis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digastric fossa
A hollow on the posterior surface of the base of the mandible, on either side of the median plane, giving attachment to the anterior belly of the digastric muscle. ... Synonym: fossa digastrica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digastric groove
Synonym for mastoid groove ... The groove medial to the mastoid process of the temporal bone from which the digastric muscle originates. ... Synonym: incisura mastoidea, digastric groove, digastric notch, mastoid notch. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digastric muscle
<anatomy> One of the suprahyoid group of muscles consisting of two bellies united by a central tendon which is connected to the body of the hyoid bone; origin, by posterior belly from the digastric groove medial to the mastoid process; insertion, by anterior belly into lower border of mandible near midline; action, elevates the hyoid when man …

digastric notch
Synonym for mastoid groove ... The groove medial to the mastoid process of the temporal bone from which the digastric muscle originates. ... Synonym: incisura mastoidea, digastric groove, digastric notch, mastoid notch. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digastric triangle
Synonym for submandibular triangle ... The triangle of the neck bounded by the mandible and the two bellies of the digastric muscle; it contains the submandibular gland. ... Synonym: trigonum submandibulare, digastric triangle, submaxillary triangle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digastricus
Synonym: digastric. ... 2. Denoting the musculus digastricus. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digenea
<zoology> A division of Trematoda in which alternate generations occur, the immediate young not resembling their parents. ... Origin: NL, fr. Gr. = twice + race, offspring. ... (11 Mar 1998) ...

digenetic
1. Pertaining to or characterised by digenesis. ... Synonym: heteroxenous. ... 2. Pertaining to the digenetic fluke. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

DiGeorge, Angelo
<person> U.S. Paediatrician, *1921. ... See: DiGeorge syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digest
1. To distribute or arrange methodically; to work over and classify; to reduce to portions for ready use or application; as, to digest the laws, etc. 'Joining them together and digesting them into order.' (Blair) 'We have cause to be glad that matters are so well digested.' (Shak) ... 2. <physiology> To separate (the food) in its passage throu …

digestant
1. Aiding digestion. ... 2. An agent that favours or assists the process of digestion. ... Synonym: digestive. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digester
1. One who digests. ... 2. A medicine or an article of food that aids digestion, or strengthens digestive power. 'Rice is . . . A great restorer of health, and a great digester.' (Sir W. Temple) ... 3. A strong closed vessel, in which bones or other substances may be subjected, usually in water or other liquid, to a temperature above that of boiling, …

digestion
1. The act or process of digesting; reduction to order; classification; thoughtful consideration. ... 2. <physiology> The conversion of food, in the stomach and intestines, into soluble and diffusible products, capable of being absorbed by the blood. ... 3. <medicine> Generation of pus; suppuration. ... Origin: F. Digestion, L. Digestio.
digestive
Pertaining to digestion. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

digestive apparatus
The digestive tract from the mouth to the anus with all its associated glands and organs. ... Synonym: apparatus digestorius. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digestive enzymes
Enzymes that are utilised in the digestive system, enzymes that are hydrolases of macromolecules (e.g., amylases, proteinases). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digestive fever
A slight rise of body temperature occurring during the period of digestion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digestive glycosuria
Synonym for alimentary glycosuria ... Glycosuria developing after the ingestion of a moderate amount of sugar or starch, which normally is disposed of without appearing in the urine, because rate of intestinal absorption exceeds capacity of the liver and the other tissues to remove the glucose, thus allowing blood glucose levels to become high enoug …

digestive leukocytosis
Leukocytosis occurring normally after ingestion of food. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digestive physiology
Functions and activities of the digestive system as a whole or of any of its parts. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

digestive system
The organs that are responsible for getting food into and out of the body and for making use of food to keep the body healthy. These include the mouth, oesophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine, colon, and rectum. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

digestive system abnormalities
Congenital structural abnormalities of the digestive system. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

digestive system fistula
An abnormal passage communicating between any parts of the digestive system or between any part of the digestive system and other organs. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

digestive tract
The passage leading from the mouth to the anus through the pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, and intestine. ... Synonym: alimentary canal, alimentary tract, digestive tube, tubus digestorius. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digestive tube
Synonym for digestive tract ... The passage leading from the mouth to the anus through the pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, and intestine. ... Synonym: alimentary canal, alimentary tract, digestive tube, tubus digestorius. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digestive vacuole
Intracellular vacuole into which lysosomal enzymes are discharged and digestion of the contents occurs. More commonly referred to as a secondary lysosome. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

digin
Synonym for gitogenin ... (25R)-5a-Spirostan-2a,3b-diol;the genin of gitonin; a cardiotonic agent. ... Synonym: digin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digit
1. <zoology> One of the terminal divisions of a limb appendage; a finger or toe. 'The ruminants have the 'cloven foot,' i. E, two hoofed digits on each foot.' (Owen) ... 2. A finger's breadth, commonly estimated to be three fourths of an inch. ... 3. <mathematics> One of the ten figures or symbols, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, by which a …

digit, supernumerary
An extra finger or toe. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

digitain
<pharmacology> A supposedly distinct vegetable principle as the essential ingredient of the extracts. It is a white, crystalline substance, and is regarded as a glucoside. ... Origin: Cf. F. Digitaline. ... (03 Mar 1998) ...

digital
Relating to or resembling a digit or digits or an impression made by them; based on numerical methodology. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digital collateral artery
Synonym for proper palmar digital artery ... <anatomy, artery> Terminal branches of the common palmar digital artery that pass to the side of each finger. ... Synonym: arteria digitalis palmaris propria, collateral digital artery, digital collateral artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digital crease
One of the grooves on the palmar surface of a finger, at the level of an interphalangeal joint. ... Synonym: digital flexion crease, digital furrow. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digital dilatation
Use of the finger or finger-tip to enlarge an orifice or opening, such as enlarging the orifice of a sclerosed mitral valve surgically. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digital flexion crease
Synonym for digital crease ... One of the grooves on the palmar surface of a finger, at the level of an interphalangeal joint. ... Synonym: digital flexion crease, digital furrow. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digital fossa
Synonym for trochanteric fossa ... A depression at the root of the neck of the femur beneath the curved tip of the great trochanter; it gives attachment to the tendon of the obturator externus. ... Synonym: fossa trochanterica, digital fossa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digital furrow
Synonym for digital crease ... One of the grooves on the palmar surface of a finger, at the level of an interphalangeal joint. ... Synonym: digital flexion crease, digital furrow. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digital gray scale
Synonym for latitude ... 1. Extent from side to side, or distance sidewise from a given point or line; breadth; width. 'Provided the length do not exceed the latitude above one third part.' (Sir H. Wotton) ... 2. Room; space; freedom from confinement or restraint; hence, looseness; laxity; independence. 'In human actions there are no degrees and prec …

digital joints
Synonym for interphalangeal joints of hand ... The hinge synovial joints between the phalanges of the fingers. ... Synonym: articulationes interphalangeae manus, digital joints, interphalangeal articulations, phalangeal joints. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digital pulp
Synonym for pulp of finger ... The fleshy mass at the extremity of the finger. ... Synonym: digital pulp. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digital radiography
Computed radiography or computer processing of a digitised image from a conventional image-intensifier and video camera. ... See: DSA. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digital rectal exam
An exam to detect rectal cancer. The doctor inserts a lubricated, gloved finger into the rectum and feels for abnormal areas. It is also an important screening test for the detection of prostate abnormalities, including cancer. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

digital reflex
Synonym for Hoffmann's sign ... <clinical sign> In latent tetany mild mechanical stimulation of the trigeminal nerve causes severe pain, flexion of the terminal phalanx of the thumb and of the second and third phalanges of one or more of the fingers when the volar surface of the terminal phalanx of the fingers is flicked. ... Synonym: digital r …

digital subtraction angiography
Computer-assisted roentgenographic angiography permitting visualization of vascular structures without superimposed bone and soft tissue density; images made before and after contrast injection allow subtraction (separation and removal) of opacities not enhanced by the contrast medium. Other image-processing can be performed. Contrast material may …

digital veins
See: dorsal digital veins of foot, palmar digital veins, plantar digital veins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digital whorl
Synonym for whorl ... <botany> A ring of leaves, bracts or floral parts borne at the same level on a main stem. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

digitalin
C36H56O14;a standardised mixture of digitalis glycosides used as a cardiotonic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digitalis
<pharmacology> General term for pharmacologically active compounds from the foxglove (Digitalis). ... The active substances are the cardiac glycosides, digoxin, digitoxin, strophanthin and ouabain. ... Causes increased force of contraction of the heart, disturbance of rhythm and reduced beat frequency. Also causes arteriolar constriction, venou …

digitalis glycosides
<chemical> Glycosides from plants of the genus digitalis. Some of these are useful as cardiotonic and anti-arrhythmia agents. Included also are semi-synthetic derivatives of the naturally occurring glycosides. The term has sometimes been used more broadly to include all cardiac glycosides, but here is restricted to those related to digitalis. …

digitalis tincture
An hydroalcoholic solution containing the glycosides of the leaves of the foxglove (digitalis) plant Digitalis purpurea or D. Lanata. Although digitalis preparations are used extensively, they are currently used as the pure glycosides, digoxin and digitoxin. The tincture was formerly widely used but was standardised by bioassay using frogs, cats, o …

digitalis toxicity
A result of the over-accumulation of digitalis glycosides in the body. Kidney insufficiency can be a contributing factor. ... Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, visual changes, blurred vision, anorexia and palpitations. Treatment is emergent as life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias are possible with higher blood levels. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

digitalis unit
The activity of 0.1 g of the international standard powdered digitalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digitalisation
The administration of digitalis in a dosage schedule designed to produce and then maintain optimal therapeutic concentrations of its cardiotonic glycosides. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

digitalism
The symptoms caused by digitalis poisoning or overdosage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digitalization
Administration of digitalis by any one of a number of schedules until sufficient amounts are present in the body to produce the desired therapeutic effects. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digitate
Branching from the main stem or stalk like the fingers of a hand. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

digitate dermatosis
See: parapsoriasis en plaque. ... Synonym: small plaque parapsoriasis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digitate impressions
Synonym for impressions for cerebral gyri ... The depressions on the inner surface of the skull which correspond to the convolutions of the brain. ... Synonym: impressiones digitatae, digitate impressions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digitate wart
Synonym for verruca digitata ... A wart in which the papillae project like fingers; they occur in groups, often on the scalp. ... Synonym: digitate wart. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digitationes hippocampi
Synonym: foot of hippocampus. ... Origin: Mod. L. Pl. Of digitatio ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digiti
Plural of digitus. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digiti hippocratici
An obsolete term for clubbed digits or fingers. ... See: clubbing. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digitin
Synonym for digitonin ... <protein> See saponin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

digitonin
<protein> See saponin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

digitonin reaction
The reaction of naturally occurring steroids with 3b-hydroxyl groups with digitonin, a steroid glycoside, resulting in the formation of an insoluble precipitate; useful in determining the presence of cholesterol and ergosterol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digitoxicity
Colloquialism for digitalis toxicity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digitoxigenin
<chemical> 3 beta,14-dihydroxy-5 beta-card-20(22)enolide. A cardenolide which is the aglycon of digitoxin. ... Synonym: cerberigenin; echujetin; evonogenin; thevetigenin. ... Chemical name: Card-20(22)-enolide, 3,14-dihydroxy-, (3beta,5beta)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

digitoxin
<chemical> A cardiac glycoside sometimes used in place of digoxin. It has a longer half-life than digoxin; toxic effects, which are similar to those of digoxin, are longer lasting. ... Pharmacological action: anti-arrhythmia agents, cardiotonic agent, enzyme inhibitors. ... Chemical name: Card-20(22)-enolide, 3-((O-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexop …

digitoxose
The sugar moiety obtained by mild acid hydrolysis of the glycosides digitoxin, gitoxin, and digoxin. The hydrolysis yields 3 moles of digitoxose for each mole of the respective aglycon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digitus
Synonym: digit. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digitus annularis
Synonym for ring finger ... Fourth finger. ... Synonym: digitus annularis, fourth finger. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digitus auricularis
Synonym for little finger ... <anatomy> The little or fifth finger. ... Synonym: digitus minimus, digitus quintus, digitus auricularis, fifth finger. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

digitus manus
Synonym for finger ... 1. One of the five terminating members of the hand; a digit; especially, one of the four extermities of the hand, other than the thumb. ... 2. <mechanics> Anything that does work of a finger; as, the pointer of a clock, watch, or other registering machine; especially a small projecting rod, wire, or piece, which is brough …