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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

diacrinous
Excreting by simple passage through a gland cell. ... Origin: G. Dia-krino, to separate one from another ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diacrisis
Synonym: diagnosis. ... Origin: G. Dia-, through, + krisis, a judgment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diacritic
Diacritical ... Distinguishing; diagnostic; allowing of distinction. ... Origin: G. Diakritikos, able to distinguish ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diacritical
That separates or distinguishes; applied to points or marks used to distinguish letters of similar form, or different sounds of the same letter, as, a, <acr/, a, o, o, etc. 'Diacritical points.' 'A glance at this typography will reveal great difficulties, which diacritical marks necessarily throw in the way of both printer and writer.' (A. J. El …

diacylglycerol
Glycerol substituted on the 1 and 2 hydroxyl groups with long chain fatty acyl residues. DAG is a normal intermediate in the biosynthesis of phosphatidyl phospholipids and is released from them by phospholipase C activity. DAG from phosphatidyl inositol polyphosphates is important in signal transduction. Elevated levels of DAG in membranes activate …

diacylglycerol kinase
<enzyme> An enzyme of the transferase class that catalyses the phosphorylation of a diacylglycerol to form a phosphatidate, using ATP as a phosphate donor. ... Chemical name: ATP:1,2-diacylglycerol 3-phosphotransferase ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.107 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diacylglycerol lipase
Synonym for lipoprotein lipase ... <enzyme> An enzyme of the hydrolase class that catalyses the reaction of triacylglycerol and water to yield diacylglycerol and a fatty acid anion. The enzyme hydrolyzes triacylglycerols in chylomicrons, very-low-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, and diacylglycerols. It occurs on capillary endoth …

diacytosis
Discharge of an empty pinocytotic vesicle from a cell. Not commonly used. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

diad
1. The transverse tubule and a cisterna in cardiac muscle fibres. ... Synonym: dyad. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diadelphous
Having the stamens United into two groups, or all but one united in a group and one free. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

diadem
1. Originally, an ornamental head band or fillet, worn by Eastern monarchs as a badge of royalty; hence (later), also, a crown, in general. 'The regal diadem.' ... 2. Regal power; sovereignty; empire; considered as symbolized by the crown. ... 3. An arch rising from the rim of a crown (rarely also of a coronet), and uniting with others over its cente …

diadenosine polyphosphate hydrolase
<enzyme> Hydrolyzes diadenosine polyphosphates from ap3a to ap6a to form AMP and ap(n-1) ... Registry number: EC 3.6.1.- ... Synonym: apna hydrolase, ecto-diadenosine polyphosphate hydrolase, ecto-ap(n)aase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

diadenosine triphosphate hydrolase
<enzyme> Forms AMP ... Registry number: EC 3.1.4.- ... Synonym: ap3a hydrolase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

diadermic
Synonym: percutaneous. ... Origin: G. Dia, through, + derma, skin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diadochocinesia
Synonym for diadochokinesia ... Diadochokinesis ... The normal power of alternately bringing a limb into opposite positions, as of flexion and extention or of pronation and supination. ... Synonym: diadochocinesia. ... Origin: G. Diadochos, working in turn, + kinesis, movement ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diadochokinesia
Diadochokinesis ... The normal power of alternately bringing a limb into opposite positions, as of flexion and extention or of pronation and supination. ... Synonym: diadochocinesia. ... Origin: G. Diadochos, working in turn, + kinesis, movement ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diadochokinetic
Relating to diadochokinesia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diadromous
Describes fish that migrate from fresh water to the sea, or vice versa, to feed or breed. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

diagnose
To make a diagnosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diagnosis
The determination of the nature of a case of disease. ... Origin: Gr. Gnosis = knowledge ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

diagnosis by exclusion
A diagnosis made by excluding those diseases to which only some of the patient's symptoms might belong, leaving one disease as the most likely diagnosis, although no definitive tests or findings establish that diagnosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diagnosis-related group
A classification of patients by diagnosis or surgical procedure (sometimes including age) into major diagnostic categories (each containing specific diseases, disorders, or procedures) for the purpose of determining payment of hospitalization charges, based on the premise that treatment of similar medical diagnoses generate similar costs. ... A sche …

diagnosis-related groups
A system for classifying patient care by relating common characteristics such as diagnosis, treatment, and age to an expected consumption of hospital resources and length of stay. Its purpose is to provide a framework for specifying case mix and to reduce hospital costs and reimbursements and it forms the cornerstone of the prospective payment syst …

diagnosis, computer-assisted
Application of computer programs designed to assist the physician in solving a diagnostic problem. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diagnosis, differential
The determination of which two or more diseases with similar symptoms is the one from which a patient is suffering from based on an analysis of the clinical data. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

diagnosis, dual (psychiatry)
The coexistence of a substance abuse disorder with a psychiatric disorder. The diagnostic principle is based on the fact that it has been found often that chemically dependent patients also have psychiatric problems of various degrees of severity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diagnosis, oral
Examination of the mouth and teeth toward the identification and diagnosis of intraoral disease or manifestation of non-oral conditions. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diagnosis, pathologic
A diagnosis, sometimes made postmortem on the basis of the study of tissue and/or organs. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

diagnosis, physical
A diagnosis which is made by means of the physical examination of the patient. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

diagnostic
Refers to something that is used to determine the cause of an illness or disorder. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

diagnostic anaesthesia
Anaesthesia induced for evaluation of the mechanism responsible for a painful condition. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
An American Psychiatric Association publication which classifies mental illnesses.Currently in its fourth edition (DSM-IV) and first published in 1952, the manual provides health practitioners with a comprehensive system for diagnosing mental illnesses based on specific ideational and behavioural symptoms. The DSM approach supplants older, less rig …

diagnostic audiometry
Measurement of hearing threshold levels to determine the nature and degree of hearing loss (e.g., conductive, sensorineural, or mixed). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diagnostic cast
A positive replica of the form of the teeth and tissues made from an impression. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diagnostic diphtheria toxin
Synonym for Schick test toxin ... Corynebacterium diphtheriae toxin diluted so that the inoculated dose (0.1 or 0.2 ml) will contain 1/50 th of guinea pig minimal lethal dose. ... See: Schick test. ... Synonym: diagnostic diphtheria toxin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diagnostic equipment
Nonexpendable items used in examinination. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diagnostic errors
Incorrect diagnoses after clinical examination or technical diagnostic procedures. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diagnostic imaging
Any visual display of structural or functional patterns of organs or tissues for diagnostic evaluation. It includes measuring physiologic and metabolic responses to physical and chemical stimuli, as well as ultramicroscopy. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diagnostic sensitivity
The probability (P) that, given the presence of disease (D), an abnormal test result (T) indicates the presence of disease; i.e., P(T/D). ... See: clinical sensitivity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diagnostic services
Organised services for the purpose of providing diagnosis to promote and maintain health. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diagnostic specificity
The probability (P) that, given the absence of disease (D), a normal test result (T) excludes disease; i.e., P(T/D). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diagnostic techniques, endocrine
Methods and procedures for the diagnosis of diseases or dysfunction of the endocrine glands or demonstration of their physiological processes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diagnostic techniques, neurological
Methods and procedures for the diagnosis of diseases of the nervous system, central and peripheral, or demonstration of neurologic function or dysfunction. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diagnostic techniques, otological
Methods and procedures for the diagnosis of diseases of the ear or of hearing disorders or demonstration of hearing acuity or loss. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diagnostic techniques, radioisotope
Any diagnostic evaluation using radioactive (unstable) isotopes. This diagnosis includes many nuclear medicine procedures as well as radioimmunoassay tests. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diagnostic techniques, surgical
Methods and procedures for the diagnosis of disease or dysfunction by examination of the pathological site or operative field during surgical intervention. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diagnostic techniques, urological
Methods and procedures for the diagnosis of diseases or dysfunction of the urinary tract or its organs or demonstration of its physiological processes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diagnostic tests, routine
Diagnostic procedures, such as laboratory tests and X-rays, routinely performed on all individuals or specified categories of individuals in a specified situation, e.g., patients being admitted to the hospital. These include routine tests administered to neonates. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diagnostic ultrasound
The use of ultrasound to obtain images for medical diagnostic purposes, employing frequencies ranging from 1.6 to about 10 MHz. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diagnostician
One who is skilled in making diagnoses; formerly, a name for specialists in internal medicine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diagonal
<geometry> Joining two not adjacent angles of a quadrilateral or multilateral figure; running across from corner to corner; crossing at an angle with one of the sides. Diagonal bond Same as Cross bedding, under Cross. ... Origin: L. Diagonalis, fr. Gr. From to angle; through + an angle; perh. Akin to E. Knee: cf. F. Diagonal. ... Source: Webste …

diagonal conjugate
The anteroposterior dimension of the inlet that measures the clinical distance from the promontory of the sacrum to the lower margin of the symphysis pubica. ... Synonym: conjugata diagonalis, diagonal conjugate diameter, false conjugate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diagonal conjugate diameter
Synonym for diagonal conjugate ... The anteroposterior dimension of the inlet that measures the clinical distance from the promontory of the sacrum to the lower margin of the symphysis pubica. ... Synonym: conjugata diagonalis, diagonal conjugate diameter, false conjugate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diagonal section
Synonym for oblique section ... A diagonal cross section attained by slicing, actually or through imaging techniques, the body or any part of the body or anatomic structure, in any plane which does not parallel the longitudinal axis or intersect it at a right angle, i.e., which is neither longitudinal (vertical) nor transverse (horizontal). ... Synon …

diagonalis stria
See: Broca's diagonal band. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diagram
1. <geometry> A figure or drawing made to illustrate a statement, or facilitate a demonstration; a plan. ... 2. Any simple drawing made for mathematical or scientific purposes, or to assist a verbal explanation which refers to it; a mechanical drawing, as distinguished from an artistical one. Indicator diagram. ... <engineering> See Indic …

diakinesis
The final stage of the first prophase of meiosis. The chromosomes condense to their greatest extent during this stage and normally the nucleolus disappears and the fragments of the nuclear envelope disperse. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

dial
1. An instrument, formerly much used for showing the time of day from the shadow of a style or gnomon on a graduated arc or surface; especially, a sundial; but there are lunar and astral dials. The style or gnomon is usually parallel to the earth's axis, but the dial plate may be either horizontal or vertical. ... 2. The graduated face of a timepiec …

dial manometer
aneroid manometer ...

dialect
1. Means or mode of expressing thoughts; language; tongue; form of speech. 'This book is writ in such a dialect As may the minds of listless men affect. Bunyan. The universal dialect of the world.' (South) ... 2. The form of speech of a limited region or people, as distinguished from ether forms nearly related to it; a variety or subdivision of a la …

dialectics
That branch of logic which teaches the rules and modes of reasoning; the application of logical principles to discursive reasoning; the science or art of discriminating truth from error; logical discussion. ... Dialectics was defined by Aristotle to be the method of arguing with probability on any given problem, and of defending a tenet without inco …

Dialister
An obsolete genus of bacteria, the type species of which, Dialister pneumosintes, is now placed in the genus Bacteroides. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dialysance
The number of milliliters of blood completely cleared of any substance by an artificial kidney or by peritoneal dialysis in a unit of time; conventional clearance formulas are expressed as mm/min. ... Origin: fr. Dialysis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dialysate
That part of a mixture that passes through a dialyzing membrane. ... Synonym: diffusate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dialysis
<technique> The process of separating crystalloids and colloids in solution by the difference in their rates of diffusion through a semipermeable membrane, crystalloids pass through readily, colloids very slowly or not at all. ... <technique> A medical procedure that uses a machine to filter waste products from the bloodstream and restor …

dialysis dementia
A progressive (often fatal) diffuse encephalopathy which occurs in a few patients who undergo chronic haemodialysis, dementia is a key feature ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

dialysis disequilibrium syndrome
<syndrome> Nausea, vomiting, and hypertension, occasionally with convulsions, developing within several hours after starting haemodialysis for renal failure; apparently caused by too rapid removal of urea from the extracellular fluid compartment, with movement of water into cells, and cerebral oedema. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dialysis encephalopathy syndrome
<syndrome> A progressive (often fatal) diffuse encephalopathy which occurs in a few patients who undergo chronic haemodialysis, dementia is a key feature ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

dialysis retinae
Congenital or traumatic separation of the peripheral sensory retina from the retinal pigment epithelium at the ora serrata, often causing a retinal detachment. ... Synonym: retinodialysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dialysis shunt
Arteriovenous shunt connecting the arterial and venous cannulas in arm or leg. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dialysis solutions
Solutions prepared for exchange across a semipermeable membrane of solutes below a molecular size determined by the cutoff threshold of the membrane material. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dialysis, peritoneal
Technique that uses the patient's own body tissues inside of the belly (abdominal cavity) to act as a filter. The intestines lie in the abdominal cavity, the space between the abdominal wall and the spine. A plastic tube called a dialysis catheter is placed through the abdominal wall into the abdominal cavity. A special fluid is then flushed into t …

dialytic
Having the quality of unloosing or separating. Dialytic telescope, an achromatic telescope in which the coloured dispersion produced by a single object lens of crown glass is corrected by a smaller concave lens, or combination of lenses, of high dispersive power, placed at a distance in the narrower part of the converging cone of rays, usually near …

diamagnetic
Pertaining to, or exhibiting the phenomena of, diamagnetism; taking, or being of a nature to take, a position at right angles to the lines of magnetic force. See Paramagnetic. Diamagnetic attraction. See Attraction. ... Any substance, as bismuth, glass, phosphorous, etc, which in a field of magnetic force is differently affected from the ordinary ma …

diamagnetic effects
<radiobiology> Application of a magnetic field to a plasma will tend to create circulating current within the plasma that will reduce the strength of the magnetic field. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

diameter
The length of a straight line passing through the centre of a circle and connecting opposite points on its circumference, hence the distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of a structure such as the cranium or pelvis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

diameter at breast height
The width of a plant stem (for example, tree trunk) as measured at 4.5 feet above the ground surface. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

diameter mediana
Synonym for conjugate of pelvic inlet ... Distance from the promontory of the sacrum to the upper posterior edge of the pubic symphysis. ... Synonym: anteroposterior diameter of the pelvic inlet, conjugata vera, conjugate axis, conjugate diameter of pelvic inlet, diameter mediana, internal conjugate, true conjugate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diameter obliqua
Synonym for oblique diameter ... A measurement across the pelvic inlet from the sacroiliac joint of one side to the opposite iliopectineal eminence. ... Synonym: diameter obliqua. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diameter transversa
Synonym for transverse diameter ... The transverse diameter of the pelvic inlet, measured between the terminal lines. ... Synonym: diameter transversa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diamfenetide
<chemical> Anthelmintic. It has been shown to be useful in fasciola infections in sheep. ... Pharmacological action: antiplatyhelmintic agents. ... Chemical name: Acetamide, N,N'-(oxybis(2,1-ethanediyloxy-4,1-phenylene))bis- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diamidines
A group of compounds containing two amidine groups; e.g., stilbamidine, propamidine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diamido-
<chemistry, prefix> A prefix or combining form of Diamine. ... Origin: Also used adjectively. ... (29 Oct 1998) ...

diamine
<chemistry> A compound containing two amido groups united with one or more basic or positive radicals, as contrasted with a diamide. ... In chemical nomenclature, if any amine or diamine is named by prefixing the nitrogen group, the name of the latter takes the form of amido, diamido, etc, thus ethylene diamine, C2H4.(NH2)2, is also called dia …

diamine aminotransferase
<enzyme> Catalyses the conversion of an alpha,omega-diamine to an omega-aminoaldehyde and glutamate in the presence of 2-oxoglutarate ... Registry number: EC 2.6.1.29 ... Synonym: putrescine-alpha-ketoglutarate aminotransferase, pakg-transaminase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

diamine oxidase
amine oxidase (copper-containing), amine oxidase (flavin-containing) ...

diamines
Organic chemicals which have two amino groups in an aliphatic chain. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diamino oxyhydrase
amine oxidase (copper-containing) ...

diaminopimelic acid
<chemical> 2,6-diaminoheptanedioic acid ... Chemical name: Heptanedioic acid, 2,6-diamino- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase
<enzyme> Used for the determination of diaminopropionic acid ... Registry number: EC 4.3.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

diamniotic
Exhibiting two amniotic sacs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diamond
1. A precious stone or gem excelling in brilliancy and beautiful play of prismatic colours, and remarkable for extreme hardness. ... The diamond is native carbon in isometric crystals, often octahedrons with rounded edges. It is usually colourless, but some are yellow, green, blue, and even black. It is the hardest substance known. The diamond as fo …

diamond cutting instruments
In dentistry, cylinders, disks, and other cutting instrument's to which numerous small diamond pyramids have been attached by a plating of metal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diamond disk
A steel disk with the cutting surface(s) covered with fine diamond chips, for use in a dental handpiece. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diamond fuchsin
Synonym for basic fuchsin ... A triphenylmethane dye whose dominant component is pararosanilin; an important stain in histology, histochemistry, and bacteriology. ... Synonym: diamond fuchsin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diamond skin
The appearance of the affected site in erysipeloid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diamond skin disease
A form of swine erysipelas, caused by the bacterium Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, in which rhomboidal erythematous areas appear on the skin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Diamond-Blackfan anaemia
Synonym for congenital hypoplastic anaemia ... Congenital nonregenerative, familial hypoplastic, or pure red cell anaemia; erythrogenesis imperfecta; Diamond-Blackfan syndrome; autosomal recessive normocytic normochromic anaemia resulting from congenital hypoplasia of the bone marrow, which is grossly deficient in erythroid precursors while other el …

Diamond-Blackfan syndrome
Synonym for congenital hypoplastic anaemia ... Congenital nonregenerative, familial hypoplastic, or pure red cell anaemia; erythrogenesis imperfecta; Diamond-Blackfan syndrome; autosomal recessive normocytic normochromic anaemia resulting from congenital hypoplasia of the bone marrow, which is grossly deficient in erythroid precursors while other el …

diamond-shaped murmur
A crescendo-decrescendo murmur, from the shape of the frequency intensity curve of the phonocardiogram, often audible as such. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...