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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


depolarising relaxant
<pharmacology, physiology> An agent, e.g., succinylcholine, that induces depolarisation of the motor endplate and so paralyzes skeletal muscle by a phase I block. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depolymerase
<biochemistry> Name used originally, before hydrolytic action was understood, for an enzyme catalyzing the hydrolysis of a macromolecule to simpler components. ... See: nuclease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depolymerisation
<biochemistry> The dismantling of a polymer (a chain of monomer units) into individual monomers. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

depopulation
<veterinary> Humane destruction of all animals on a premises during a disease eradication program. Used primarily in national programs established to eradicate newly introduced diseases (e.g., foot-and-mouth disease) that pose serious economic threats to the livestock industries. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

deposit
1. That is deposited, or laid or thrown down; as, a deposit in a flue; especially, matter precipitated from a solution (as the siliceous deposits of hot springs), or that which is mechanically deposited (as the mud, gravel, etc, deposits of a river). 'The deposit already formed affording to the succeeding portion of the charged fluid a basis.' (Kir …

depot injection
An injection of a substance in a vehicle that tends to keep it at the site of injection so that absorption occurs over a prolonged period. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depot reaction
Reddening of the skin at the point where the needle entered, in the subcutaneous tuberculin test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depot therapy
Injection of a drug together with a substance that slows the release and prolongs the action of the drug. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depravation
1. Detraction; depreciation. 'To stubborn critics, apt, without a theme, For depravation.' (Shak) ... 2. The act of depraving, or making anything bad; the act of corrupting. ... 3. The state of being depraved or degenerated; degeneracy; depravity. 'The depravation of his moral character destroyed his judgment.' (Sir G. C. Lewis) ... 4. <medicine> …

deprave
1. To speak ill of; to depreciate; to malign; to revile. 'And thou knowest, conscience, I came not to chide Nor deprave thy person with a proud heart.' (Piers Plowman) ... 2. To make bad or worse; to vitiate; to corrupt. 'Whose pride depraves each other better part.' (Spenser) ... Synonym: To corrupt, vitiate, contaminate, pollute. ... Origin: L. Depr …

depraved
Deteriorated or degenerate; corrupt. ... Origin: L. Depravo, to corrupt ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depravity
The stae of being depraved or corrupted; a vitiated state of moral character; general badness of character; wickedness of mind or heart; absence of religious feeling and principle. Total depravity. See Original sin, and Calvinism. ... Synonym: Corruption, vitiation, wickedness, vice, contamination, degeneracy. ... Depravity, Depravation, Corruption. …

depreciation
Decline in value of capital assets of a permanent or fixed nature over time with use. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

deprenyl
An inhibitor of monoamine oxidase selective for the type B isozyme. The drug is used as an antiparkinsonian agent. It does not give rise to the hypertensive crisis that can occur when nonselective monoamine oxidase inhibitors are taken in the presence of dietary sources of tyramine. ... Synonym: selegiline. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depress
Having the middle lower than the border; concave. 'If the seal be depress or hollow.' (Hammond) ... Origin: L. Depressus, p. P. ... 1. To press down; to cause to sink; to let fall; to lower; as, to depress the muzzle of a gun; to depress the eyes. 'With lips depressed.' ... 2. To bring down or humble; to abase, as pride. ... 3. To cast a gloom upon; to …

depressed
Flattened as if pressed down from the top or end. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

depressed fracture
A skull fracture with inward displacement of a part of the calvarium. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

depressed skull fracture
A skull fracture with inward displacement of a part of the calvarium. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

depression
1. A lowering or decrease of functional activity. ... 2. <psychiatry> A mental state of depressed mood characterised by feelings of sadness, despair and discouragement. Depression ranges from normal feelings of the blues through dysthymia to major depression. ... It in many ways resembles the grief and mourning that follow bereavement, there ar …

depression of optic disk
Synonym for excavation of optic disc ... The normally occurring depression or pit in the centre of the optic disc. ... Synonym: excavatio disci, depression of optic disk, excavatio papillae, physiologic cup, physiologic excavation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depression, bipolar
Formerly called manic- depressive illness. Not nearly as prevalent as other forms of depressive disorders, bipolar disorder involves cycles of depression and elation or mania. Sometimes the mood switches are dramatic and rapid, but most often they are gradual. When in the depressed cycle, you can have any or all of the symptoms of a depressive diso …

depression, dysthmia
A less severe type of depression, dysthymia involves long-term chronic symptoms that do not disable, but keep one from functioning at full steam or from feeling good. Sometimes people with dysthymia also experience major depressive episodes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

depression, involutional
Marked depression appearing in the involution period and characterised by hallucinations, delusions, paranoia, and agitation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

depression, major
Major depression is manifested by a combination of symptoms (see Depression, symptoms of) that interfere with the ability to work, sleep, eat, and enjoy once pleasurable activities. These disabling episodes of depression can occur once, twice, or several times in a lifetime. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

depression, postpartum
Depression in women occurring usually within four weeks after the delivery of a child. The degree of depression ranges from mild transient depression to neurotic or psychotic depressive disorders. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

depressive
1. Pushing down. ... 2. Pertaining to or causing depression. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depressive disorder
An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

depressive neurosis
See: depression, dysthymia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depressive psychosis
A major disorder of mood in which biologic factors are believed to play a prominent role. ... See: depression. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depressive reaction
Synonym for depression ... 1. A lowering or decrease of functional activity. ... 2. <psychiatry> A mental state of depressed mood characterised by feelings of sadness, despair and discouragement. Depression ranges from normal feelings of the blues through dysthymia to major depression. ... It in many ways resembles the grief and mourning that fo …

depressive stupor
Synonym for benign stupor ... A stuporous syndrome from which recovery is the rule, as opposed to malignant stupor. ... Synonym: depressive stupor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depressive syndrome
Synonym for depression ... 1. A lowering or decrease of functional activity. ... 2. <psychiatry> A mental state of depressed mood characterised by feelings of sadness, despair and discouragement. Depression ranges from normal feelings of the blues through dysthymia to major depression. ... It in many ways resembles the grief and mourning that fo …

depressor anguli oris
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, lower border of mandible anteriorly; insertion, blends with other muscles in lower lip near angle of mouth; action, pulls down corners of mouth; nerve supply, facial. ... Synonym: musculus depressor anguli oris, musculus triangularis labii inferioris, musculus triangularis, triangular muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depressor fibres
Sensory nerve fibre's having pressure-sensitive nerve endings in the wall of certain arteries capable of activating blood pressure-lowering brainstem mechanisms when stimulated by an increase in intra-arterial pressure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depressor labii inferioris
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, anterior portion of lower border of mandible; insertion, orbicularis oris musculus and skin of lower lip; action, depresses lower lip; nerve supply, facial. ... Synonym: musculus depressor labii inferioris, depressor muscle of lower lip, musculus quadratus labii inferioris, musculus quadratus menti. ... (05 Mar 2000)
depressor muscle of epiglottis
Synonym for thyroepiglottic muscle ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, inner surface of thyroid cartilage in common with musculus thyroarytenoideus; insertion, aryepiglottic fold and margin of epiglottis; action, depresses base of epiglottis; nerve supply, recurrent laryngeal. ... Synonym: musculus thyroepiglotticus, depressor muscle of epiglottis, v …

depressor muscle of eyebrow
Synonym for depressor supercilii muscle ... <anatomy> Fibres of the orbital part of the orbicularis oculi musculus insert in the eyebrow; action, depresses eyebrow; nerve supply, facial. ... Synonym: musculus depressor supercilii, depressor muscle of eyebrow. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depressor muscle of lower lip
Synonym for depressor labii inferioris ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, anterior portion of lower border of mandible; insertion, orbicularis oris musculus and skin of lower lip; action, depresses lower lip; nerve supply, facial. ... Synonym: musculus depressor labii inferioris, depressor muscle of lower lip, musculus quadratus labii inferioris, mu …

depressor muscle of septum
Synonym for depressor septi muscle ... <anatomy> A vertical fasciculus from the orbicularis oris musculus passing upward along the median line of the upper lip, and inserted into the cartilaginous septum of the nose; action, depresses septum; nerve supply, facial. ... Synonym: musculus depressor septi, depressor muscle of septum. ... (05 Mar 200 …

depressor nerve of Ludwig
Synonym for aortic nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> A branch of the vagus which ends in the aortic arch and base of the heart; composed entirely of afferent fibres; its stimulation elicits a brainstem reflex which causes slowing of the heart, dilation of the peripheral vessels, and a fall in blood pressure. ... Synonym: Cyon's nerve, depressor nerve …

depressor reflex
Synonym for cardiac depressor reflex ... A fall in blood pressure due to peripheral vasodilation and cardiac inhibition by stimulations of terminations of a cardiac depressor nerve in the aortic arch and base of the heart. ... Synonym: aortic reflex, depressor reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depressor septi muscle
<anatomy> A vertical fasciculus from the orbicularis oris musculus passing upward along the median line of the upper lip, and inserted into the cartilaginous septum of the nose; action, depresses septum; nerve supply, facial. ... Synonym: musculus depressor septi, depressor muscle of septum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depressor supercilii muscle
<anatomy> Fibres of the orbital part of the orbicularis oculi musculus insert in the eyebrow; action, depresses eyebrow; nerve supply, facial. ... Synonym: musculus depressor supercilii, depressor muscle of eyebrow. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

deprivation
The loss or absence of parts, organs, powers or things that are needed. ... Origin: L. De = from, privare = to remove ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

deprivation amblyopia
Synonym for sensory amblyopia ... A suppression of central vision in one eye due to faulty image formation; for example, by a corneal scar, a cataract, or a droopy eyelid. ... Synonym: deprivation amblyopia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depsipeptide
<biochemistry> Polypeptides that contain ester bonds as well as peptides. Naturally occurring depsipeptides are usually cyclic, they are common metabolic products of microorganisms and often have potent antibiotic activity (examples are actinomycin, enniatins, valinomycin). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

depth
Distance from the surface downward. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depth compensation
Synonym for time-gain compensation ... In ultrasonography, an increase in receiver gain with time to compensate for loss in echo amplitude with depth, usually due to attenuation. ... Synonym: attenuation compensation, depth compensation, time compensation gain, time-compensated gain, time-varied gain control, time-varied gain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depth dose
The dose of radiation at a distance beneath the surface, including secondary radiation or scatter, in proportion to the dose at the surface. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depth of field
<microscopy> The depth or thickness of the object space that is simultaneously in acceptable focus. ... The distance between the closest and farthest objects in focus within a scene as viewed by a lens at a particular focus and with given settings. The depth of field varies with the focal length of the lens and its f-stop setting or numerical …

depth of focus
<microscopy> The depth or thickness of the image space that is simultaneously in acceptable focus. ... The range of distances between a lens and image plane (target in the video pickup device) for which the image formed by the lens at a given setting is clearly focused. With a high-numerical aperture microscope objective, the depth of field is …

depth perception
Perception of three-dimensionality. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

depth psychology
The psychology of the unconscious, especially in contrast with older (19th century) academic psychology dealing only with conscious mentation; sometimes used synonymously with psychoanalysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depth recording
Study of subcortical cerebral electrical activity after placing electrodes in these areas. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

deptropine citrate
3a-[(10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5-yl)oxy]1aH,5aH-tropane citrate;an antihistaminic agent with anticholinergic properties. ... Synonym: dibenzheptropine citrate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depulization
Destruction of fleas which convey the plague bacillus from animals to humans. ... Origin: L. De, from, + pulex (pulic-), flea ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depuration
Purification; removal of waste products or foul excretions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

depurination
<biochemistry, molecular biology> The N glycosidic link between purine bases and deoxyribose in DNA has an appreciable rate of spontaneous cleavage in vivo, a lesion that must be enzymically repaired to ensure stability of the genetic information. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

dequalinium
<chemical> 1,1'-(1,10-decanediyl)bis(4-amino-2-methylquinolinium). A topical bacteriostat that is available as various salts. It is used in wound dressings and mouth infections and may also have antifungal action, but may cause skin ulceration. ... Pharmacological action: anti-infective agents, local. ... Chemical name: Quinolinium, 1,1'-(1,10- …

dequalinium acetate
1,1'-decamethylenebis[4-aminoquinaldinium acetate];an antimicrobial agent. ... Synonym: decamine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dequalinium chloride
Dequalinium acetate, with chloride replacing acetate, used as an antimicrobial agent primarily in lozenges for the treatment of mouth and throat infections. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dequervain dislocation
<radiology> Transscaphoid lunate dissociation ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

deradelphus
Conjoined twins with a single head and neck and separate bodies below the thoracic level. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Origin: G. Dere, neck, + adelphos, brother ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

derailment
A symptom of a thought disorder in which one constantly gets 'off the track' in his thoughts and speech; similar to loosening of association. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

deranencephaly
1. Congenital malformation in which the head is absent, although there is a rudimentary neck. ... 2. Defect of the brain and upper part of the spinal cord. ... Origin: G. Dere, neck, + an-, priv., + kephale, head ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

derange
1. To put out of place, order, or rank; to disturb the proper arrangement or order of; to throw into disorder, confusion, or embarrassment; to disorder; to disarrange; as, to derange the plans of a commander, or the affairs of a nation. ... 2. To disturb in action or function, as a part or organ, or the whole of a machine or organism. 'A sudden fall …

derangement
1. A disturbance of the regular order or arrangement. ... 2. Rarely used term for a mental disturbance or disorder. ... Origin: Fr. ... Hey's internal derangement, dislocation of the semilunar cartilages of the knee joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

derby hat fracture
Regular cranial concavity in infants; may or may not be associated with fracture ... Synonym: dishpan fracture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Dercum, Francis
<person> U.S. Neurologist, 1856-1931. ... See: Dercum's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Dercum's disease
Synonym for adiposis dolorosa ... <disease> A disease accompanied by painful localised fatty swellings and by various nerve lesions. It is usually seen in women and may cause death from pulmonary complications. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

derealization
An alteration in one's perception of the environment such that things that are ordinarily familiar seem strange, unreal, or two-dimensional. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dereism
Mental activity in fantasy in contrast to reality. ... Origin: L. De, away, + res, thing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dereistic
Living in imagination or fantasy with thoughts that are incongruent with logic or experience. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

derencephalia
Synonym for derencephaly ... Cervical rachischisis and anencephaly, a malformation involving an open cranial vault with a rudimentary brain usually crowded back toward bifid cervical vertebrae. ... Synonym: derencephalia. ... Origin: G. Dere, neck, + enkephalos, brain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

derencephalocele
In derencephaly, protrusion of the rudimentary brain through a defect in the upper cervical spinal canal. ... Origin: G. Dere, neck, + enkephalos, brain, + kele, hernia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

derencephaly
Cervical rachischisis and anencephaly, a malformation involving an open cranial vault with a rudimentary brain usually crowded back toward bifid cervical vertebrae. ... Synonym: derencephalia. ... Origin: G. Dere, neck, + enkephalos, brain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

derepression
<genetics, molecular biology> Anything that stops the repression of a gene thereby allowing expression to occur. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

derivation
1. A leading or drawing off of water from a stream or source. ... 2. The act of receiving anything from a source; the act of procuring an effect from a cause, means, or condition, as profits from capital, conclusions or opinions from evidence. 'As touching traditional communication, . . . I do not doubt but many of those truths have had the help of …

derivative
A chemical substance derived from another substance either directly or by modification or partial substitution. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

derivative chromosome
An anomalous chromosome generated by translocation. ... Synonym: translocation chromosome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

derive
1. To turn the course of, as water; to divert and distribute into subordinate channels; to diffuse; to communicate; to transmit; followed by to, into, on, upon. 'For fear it [water] choke up the pits . . . They [the workman] derive it by other drains.' (Holland) 'Her due loves derived to that vile witch's share.' (Spenser) 'Derived to us by traditi …

derived protein
A derivative of protein effected by chemical change, e.g., hydrolysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

derm
1. <suffix> A suffix or terminal formative, much used in anatomical terms, and signifying skin, integument, covering; as, blastoderm, ectoderm, etc. The integument of animal; the skin. ... 2. <anatomy> See dermis. ... Origin: Gr. Derma, skin, fr. To skin, flay: cf. F. Derme. ... (21 Jun 2000) ...

derma
Synonym for dermis ... <anatomy, dermatology> Mesodermally derived connective tissue underlying the epithelium of the skin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

dermabrader
A motor-driven device used in dermabrasion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dermabrasion
<procedure, surgery> A surgical procedure which involves the controlled abrasion of the upper layers of the skin to smoothen the skin and remove wrinkles, small scars or foreign bodies (tattoos). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

dermacentor
<entomology> A large, widely distributed genus of ticks, including a number that infest man and other mammals, and several that are vectors of diseases such as tularaemia, rocky mountain spotted fever, colourado tick fever, and anaplasmosis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Dermacentor albopictus
<entomology> The winter tick, a species found principally on horses, cattle, elk, moose, and deer in Canada and the northern and western United States; it is a one-host tick, but humans are sometimes attacked when skinning or dressing deer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Dermacentor andersoni
<entomology> The Rocky Mountain spotted-fever, or wood tick; a species that is the vector of spotted fever in the Rocky Mountain regions, and also transmits tularaemia and causes tick paralysis; there are characteristic black and white markings on the large scutum of the male. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Dermacentor nitens
<entomology> The tropical horse tick, a species found primarily on horses, mules, and asses (usually on the ears), chiefly in southern Florida, southern Texas, Mexico, Central America, and the West Indies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Dermacentor occidentalis
<entomology> The Pacific Coast tick, a species found on all domestic herbivores, deer, dogs, humans, and other animals in California and western Oregon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Dermacentor reticulatus
<entomology> A common species attacking sheep, oxen, goats, and deer, and sometimes troublesome to humans; it is found in Europe, Asia, and America. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Dermacentor variabilis
<entomology> The American dog tick, a species that is a common pest of dogs along the eastern seaboard of the U.S., a vector of tularaemia, and a principal vector of Rickettsia rickettsii which causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever in the central and eastern U.S.; may also cause tick paralysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dermad
In the direction of the outer integument. ... Origin: derm-+ L. Ad, to ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dermagraphy
Synonym for dermatographism ... A form of urticaria in which whealing occurs in the site and in the configuration of application of stroking (pressure, friction) of the skin. ... Synonym: autographism, dermagraphy, dermatography, dermographia, dermographism, dermography, factitious urticaria, skin writing, urticaria factitia. ... Origin: dermato-+ G. …

dermahemia
<physiology> Hyperaemia of the skin. ... Origin: derma-+ G. Haima, blood ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dermal bone
A bone formed by ossification of the cutis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dermal duct tumour
A benign small tumour derived from the intradermal part of eccrine sweat gland ducts occurring often on the head and neck. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dermal graft
A graft of dermis, made from skin by cutting away a thin split-thickness graft. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dermal irritation
This is a localised skin reaction resulting from either single or multiple exposure to a physical or chemical agent at the same site. It is characterised by redness and swelling and may be accompanied by local death of skin cells. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...