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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

descensus
A falling away from a higher position. ... See: ptosis, procidentia. ... Synonym: descent. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

descensus testis
Descent of the testis from the abdomen into the scrotum during the seventh and eighth months of intrauterine life. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

descensus uteri
Synonym for prolapse of the uterus ... Downward movement of the uterus due to laxity and atony of the muscular and fascial structures of the pelvic floor, usually resulting from injuries of childbirth or advanced age; prolapse occurs in three forms, first degree prolapse, the cervix of the prolapsed uterus is well within the vaginal orifice, second …

descensus ventriculi
Synonym for gastroptosis ... Gastroptosia ... Downward displacement of the stomach. ... Synonym: bathygastry, descensus ventriculi, ventroptosis, ventroptosia. ... Origin: Gastro-+ G. Ptosis, a falling ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

descent
Synonym: descensus. ... 2. In obstetrics, the passage of the presenting part of the foetus into and through the birth canal. ... Origin: L. Descensus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Deschamps
Joseph F.L., French surgeon, 1740-1824. ... See: Deschamps needle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Deschamps needle
A needle with a long shaft for passing sutures in the deep tissues. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

describe
1. To represent by drawing; to draw a plan of; to delineate; to trace or mark out; as, to describe a circle by the compasses; a torch waved about the head in such a way as to describe a circle. ... 2. To represent by words written or spoken; to give an account of; to make known to others by words or signs; as, the geographer describes countries and …

descriptive
Tending to describe; having the quality of representing; containing description; as, a descriptive figure; a descriptive phrase; a descriptive narration; a story descriptive of the age. Descriptive anatomy, that part of anatomy which treats of the forms and relations of parts, but not of their textures. Descriptive geometry, that branch of geometry …

descriptive anatomy
<procedure> A description of, especially a treatise describing, physical structure, more particularly that of man. ... Synonym: systematic anatomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

descriptive psychiatry
That aspect of the practice of psychiatry that deals with the diagnosis of mental disorders. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

descriptive statistics
Numerical values such as mean, median, and mode which describe the chief features of a group of scores, without regard to a larger population. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desensitisation
<immunology> A therapeutic regimen that involves the administration of small quantities of a substance that a patient has an allergic response to, for the purpose of diminishing or eradicating the allergic response. ... The term is used to mean the administration of a graded series of doses of an antigen to which there is an immediate hypersen …

desensitise
1. To reduce or remove any form of sensitivity. ... Synonym: deallergise. ... 2. To effect desensitization. ... 3. In dentistry, to eliminate or subdue the painful response of exposed, vital dentin to irritative agents or thermal changes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desensitization
1. The reduction or abolition of allergic sensitivity or reactions to the specific antigen (allergen). ... Synonym: ananaphylaxis, antianaphylaxis. ... 2. The act of removing an emotional complex. ... Synonym: hyposensitization. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desensitization, allergy
Stimulation of the immune system with gradually increasing doses of the substances to which a person is allergic, the aim being to modify or stop the allergy war (by reducing the strength of the IgE and its effect on the mast cells). This form of treatment is very effective for allergies to pollen, mites, cats, and especially stinging insects (e.g. …

desensitization, immunologic
Immunosuppression by the administration of increasing doses of antigen. Though the exact mechanism is not clear, the therapy results in an increase in serum levels of allergen-specific IgG, suppression of specific IgE, and an increase in suppressor T-cell activity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

desensitization, psychologic
A behaviour therapy technique in which deep muscle relaxation is used to inhibit the effects of graded anxiety-evoking stimuli. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

deserpidine
11-Desmethoxyreserpine;ester alkaloid isolated from Rauwolfia canescens (family Apocynaceae) with the same actions and uses as reserpine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desert
Of or pertaining to a desert; forsaken; without life or cultivation; unproductive; waste; barren; wild; desolate; solitary; as, they landed on a desert island. 'He . . . Went aside privately into a desert place.' (Luke ix. 10) 'Full many a flower is born to blush unseen, And waste its sweetness on the desert air. ... <botany> ' (Gray) Desert f …

desert climate
A type of climate characterised by insufficient moisture to support appreciable plant life. It is a climate of extreme aridity, usually of extreme heat, and of negligible rainfall. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

desert fever
Synonym for primary coccidioidomycosis ... A disease common in the San Joaquin Valley of California and certain additional areas in the southwestern U.S. As well as the Chaco region of Argentina, caused by inhalation of the arthroconidia of Coccidioides immitis; acute onset of symptoms resemble pneumonia or pulmonary tuberculosis, productive of sput …

desert rheumatism
A fungal infection caused by the fungus Coccidioides immitis. Exists in two forms: primary disease, which is a self-limited respiratory infection (requires no treatment) and a progressive form (diffuse and granulomatous), that can involve almost any part of the body. Approximately 60% of infections cause no symptoms and are identified only by skin …

desert sore
Any of a variety of chronic non-specific cutaneous ulcers, most commonly on the shins, knees, hands, and forearms, and probably a variant of ecthyma, that occur in tropical and desert areas. ... Synonym: Barcoo rot, veldt sore. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desetope
That part of the Class II major histocompatibility molecule that interacts with the antigen. The term desetope is derived from determinant selection. ... Origin: determinant selection + -tope ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desferrioxamine mesylate
Synonym for deferoxamine mesylate ... Methanesulfonate of 30-amino-3,14,25-trihydroxy-3,9,14,20,25-penta-azatriacontane-2,10,13,21,24-pentaone;chelate used in the treatment of iron poisoning. ... Synonym: desferrioxamine mesylate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desflurane
1-Fluoro-2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl difluoromethyl ether; an inhalation anaesthetic with physical characteristics that provide rapid induction of and recovery from anaesthesia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

deshydraemia
Haemoconcentration due to the loss of water from blood plasma. ... Origin: L. De-, away from, + G. Hydor, water, + haima, blood + -ia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desiccate
To lose or cause to lose moisture. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

desiccated liver
A dried undefatted powder prepared from mammalian liver's used as human food; contains riboflavin, nicotinic acid, and choline; used in the treatment of macrocytic anaemias and as a nutritional supplement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desiccated pituitary
Synonym for posterior pituitary ... The cleaned, dried, and powdered posterior lobe obtained from the pituitary body of domestic animals used for food by humans; an oxytocic, vasoconstrictor, antidiuretic, and a stimulant of intestinal motility. ... Synonym: desiccated pituitary, hypophysis sicca. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desiccation
To dehydrate or remove water content. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

design
1. A preliminary sketch; an outline or pattern of the main features of something to be executed, as of a picture, a building, or a decoration; a delineation; a plan. ... 2. A plan or scheme formed in the mind of something to be done; preliminary conception; idea intended to be expressed in a visible form or carried into action; intention; purpose; o …

design denture
A planned visualization of the form and extent of a dental prosthesis, made after a study of all factors involved. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

designer drugs
Drugs designed and synthesised, often for illegal street use, by modification of existing drug structures (e.g., amphetamines). Of special interest are mptp (a reverse ester of meperidine), mda (3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine), and mdma (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine). Many drugs act on the aminergic system, the physiologically active biogenic a …

designer oestrogen
An engineered drug that possesses some, but not all, of the actions of oestrogen. Designer oestrogens are selective oestrogen-receptor modulators (SERMs). For example, raloxifene (trade name Evista) is classified as a SERM because it prevents bone loss (like oestrogen) and lowers serum cholesterol (like oestrogen) but (unlike oestrogen) does not st …

desipramine
<drug> This tricyclic prescription drug is used to treat depression. It has a wide variety of side effects, and may interact dangerously with many other medications. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

desipramine hydrochloride
Desmethylimipramine hydrochloride; norimipramine hydrochloride;a dibenzazepine derivative; an antidepressant similar to imipramine hydrochloride. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desired future condition
A vision of the desired future state of a specific area. A description of land and resource conditions expected to result if management goals and objectives are achieved. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

deslanoside
<chemical> Deacetyllanatoside c. A cardiotonic glycoside from the leaves of digitalis lanata. ... Pharmacological action: anti-arrhythmia agents, cardiotonic agent, enzyme inhibitors. ... Chemical name: Card-20(22)-enolide, 3-((O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-O-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1-4)-O-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1 …

desm-
See: desmo-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Desmarres, Louis
<person> French ophthalmologist, 1810-1882. ... See: Desmarres' dacryoliths. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Desmarres' dacryoliths
Synonym for Nocardia dacryoliths ... White pseudoconcretions, composed of masses of Nocardia species found in the lacrimal canaliculi. ... Synonym: Desmarres' dacryoliths. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desmectasia
Ectasia of a ligament. ... Origin: desm-+ G. Ektasis, a stretching ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desmid
<botany> Chlorophyte algae that are usually freshwater living and unicellular. Their cell wall often has elaborate ornamented shape. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

desmin
<cell biology> A protein (53 kD) of intermediate filaments, somewhat similar to vimentin, but characteristic of muscle cells. Type III intermediate filament protein. Co-localises with synemin, paranemin and plectin in the appropriate cell types. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

desmins
Certain proteins found in intermediate filaments that copolymerises with vimentin to form constituents of connective tissue, cell walls, filaments, etc. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desmitis
Inflammation of a ligament. ... Origin: desm-+ G. -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desmo-
Fibrous connection; ligament. ... Origin: G. Desmos, a band ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desmocalmin
<cell biology> A protein (240 kD) isolated from bovine desmosomes that binds calcium calmodulin and cytokeratin type intermediate filaments. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

desmocollin
<cell biology> Glycoproteins of 130 and 115 kD (desmocollins I and II) isolated from desmosomes. Antibody fragments directed against desmocollins block desmosome formation and desmocollins are therefore thought to be involved in the adhesion. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

desmocranium
The mesenchymal primordium of the cranium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Desmodus
A blood-feeding genus of Chiroptera, known generally as vampire bats, found in Trinidad, Mexico, and Central and South America; Desmodus artibaeus, Desmodus rotundus, and Desmodus rufus, three species present in Trinidad and South America, are reservoir hosts of rabies virus. ... Origin: desmo-+ G. Odous, tooth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desmodynia
Pain in a ligament. ... Origin: desmo-+ G. Odyne, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desmogenous
Of connective tissue or ligamentous origin or causation; e.g., denoting a deformity due to contraction of ligaments, fascia, or a scar. ... Origin: desmo-+ G. -gen, producing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desmoglein
<cell biology> Transmembrane glycoprotein (165 kD) found in desmosomes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

desmography
A description of, or treatise on, the ligaments. ... Origin: desmo-+ G. Grapho, to describe ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desmolases
Old and non-specific term for enzymes catalyzing reactions other than those involving hydrolysis; e.g., those involving oxidation and reduction, isomerization, the breaking of carbon-carbon bonds. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desmon
An old term for complement-fixing antibody. ... Origin: G. Desmos, band, bond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desmopathy
Any disease of the ligaments. ... Origin: desmo-+ G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desmoplakin
<cell biology> Proteins isolated from desmosomes. Types I (240 kD) and II (210 kD) are long flexible rod like molecules about 100nm long made of two polypeptide chains in parallel. Desmoplakin III is smaller 81 kD). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

desmoplaquin
<protein> A protein component of the desmosome, which is an area along the outside of an epithelial cell that is in very close contact with another epithelial cell. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

desmoplasia
Hyperplasia of fibroblasts and disproportionate formation of fibrous connective tissue, especially in the stroma of a carcinoma. ... Origin: desmo-+ G. Plasis, a molding ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desmoplastic
1. Causing or forming adhesions. ... 2. Causing fibrosis in the vascular stroma of a neoplasm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desmoplastic cerebral astrocytoma
<tumour> A rare variant of astrocytoma most frequently occurring in infancy, the tumour has a spindled cell appearance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desmoplastic fibroma
<tumour> A benign fibrous tumour of bone affecting children and young adults; cortical destruction may result. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desmoplastic malignant melanoma
<tumour> A melanoma with marked fibrosis surrounding atypical spindle-shaped melanocytes in the dermis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desmoplastic trichoepithelioma
<tumour> A solitary, hard, annular, centrally depressed papule, occurring usually in women on the face, consisting of dermal strands of basaloid cells and small keratinous cysts within sclerotic desmoplastic stroma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desmoplastic tumours
<radiology> Carcinoid of small bowel or colon, Hodgkin's lymphoma, scirrhous gastric carcinoma ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

desmopressin
<chemical> 1-(3-mercaptopropanoic acid)-8-d-argininevasopressin. A synthetic analog of argipressin with longer lasting and more potent antidiuretic action than argipressin. It is used to treat diabetes insipidus. ... Pharmacological action: hypoglycaemic agents, renal agents. ... Chemical name: Vasopressin, 1-(3-mercaptopropanoic acid)-8-D-argi …

desmosine
<cell biology> Component of elastin, formed from four side chains of lysine and constituting a cross linkage. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

desmosome
<cell biology> Specialised cell junction characteristic of epithelia into which intermediate filaments (tonofilaments of cytokeratin) are inserted. The gap between plasma membranes is of the order of 25-30nm and the intercellular space has a medial band of electron dense material. Desmosomes are particularly conspicuous in tissues such as ski …

desmosomes
A type of junction that attaches one cell to its neighbor. One of a number of differentiated regions which occur, for example, where the cytoplasmic membranes of adjacent epithelial cells are closely apposed. It consists of a circular region of each membrane together with associated intracellular microfilaments and an intercellular material which m …

desmosterol
<chemical> Chemical name: Cholesta-5,24-dien-3-ol, (3beta)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

desmoteric medicine
The branch of medical practice that deals with health problems occurring among prison inmates. ... Origin: G. Desmoterion, prison, fr. Deo, to bind, + -ic ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desmotubule
<cell biology> Cylindrical membrane lined channel through a plasmodesma, linking the cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum in the two cells. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

desmoyokin
<cell biology> Desmosomal plaque protein (680 kD) from bovine muzzle keratinocytes. Homologous with human AHNAK protein. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

desogestrel
<drug> A synthetic progestational hormone used often as the progestogenic component of combined oral contraceptive agents. ... Pharmacological action: contraceptives, oral, synthetic, progestational hormones, synthetic. ... Chemical name: 18,19-Dinorpregn-4-en-20-yn-17-ol, 13-ethyl-11-methylene-, (17alpha)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

desolvation
The release of the water electrostatically bound to a particle in awater-based solution. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

desonide
<chemical> 16-hydroxyprednisolone 16,17-acetonide. Nonfluorinated corticosteroid anti-inflammatory agent used topically for dermatoses. ... Pharmacological action: glucocorticoids, topical. ... Chemical name: Pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, 11,21-dihydroxy-16,17-((1-methylethylidene)bis(oxy))-, (11beta,16alpha)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

desoximetasone
<chemical> Topical anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used in dermatoses, skin allergies, psoriasis, etc. ... Pharmacological action: glucocorticoids, synthetic, glucocorticoids, topical. ... Chemical name: Pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, 9-fluoro-11,21-dihydroxy-16-methyl-, (11beta,16alpha)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

desoxy sugar
Synonym for deoxy sugar ... A sugar containing fewer oxygen atoms than carbon atoms and in which, consequently, one or more carbons in the molecule lack an attached hydroxyl group. ... Synonym: desoxy sugar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desoxycorticosterone
<chemical> 21-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione. Mineralocorticoid. Desoxycorticosterone acetate (doca) is used as replacement therapy in addison's disease. ... Chemical name: Pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, 21-hydroxy- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

desoxycortone
Synonym for deoxycorticosterone ... 11-Deoxycorticosterone; 21-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione;an adrenocortical steroid, principally a biosynthetic precursor of corticosterone and possibly aldosterone, that rarely appears in adrenocortical secretions; a potent mineralocorticoid with no appreciable glucocorticoid activity. ... Synonym: 21-hydroxyproges …

despair
1. Loss of hope; utter hopelessness; complete despondency. 'We in dark dreams are tossing to and fro, Pine with regret, or sicken with despair.' (Keble) 'Before he [Bunyan] was ten, his sports were interrupted by fits of remorse and despair.' (Macaulay) ... 2. That which is despaired of. 'The mere despair of surgery he cures.' ... Synonym: Desperatio …

despeciated antitoxin
An antitoxic serum treated in an appropriate manner to alter the species-specific protein, so that a person sensitised to the animal protein is not likely to have a serious reaction when the antitoxin is administered. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

despeciation
1. Alteration of, or loss of species characteristics. ... 2. Removal of species-specific antigenic properties from a foreign protein. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desperate
1. Without hope; given to despair; hopeless. 'I am desperate of obtaining her.' (Shak) ... 2. Beyond hope; causing despair; extremely perilous; irretrievable; past cure, or, at least, extremely dangerous; as, a desperate disease; desperate fortune. ... 3. Proceeding from, or suggested by, despair; without regard to danger or safety; reckless; furious …

despoil
1. To strip, as of clothing; to divest or unclothe. ... 2. To deprive for spoil; to plunder; to rob; to pillage; to strip; to divest; usually followed by of. 'The clothed earth is then bare, Despoiled is the summer fair.' (Gower) 'A law which restored to them an immense domain of which they had been despoiled.' (Macaulay) 'Despoiled of innocence, of …

despond
To give up, the will, courage, or spirit; to be thoroughly disheartened; to lose all courage; to become dispirited or depressed; to take an unhopeful view. 'I should despair, or at least despond.' (Scott's Letters) 'Others depress their own minds, [and] despond at the first difficulty.' 'We wish that . . . Desponding patriotism may turn its eyes hi …

despumation
1. The rising of impurities to the surface of a liquid. ... 2. The skimming off of impurities on the surface of a liquid. ... Origin: L. De-spumo, pp. -atus, to skim, fr. Spumo, to foam, fr. Spuma, foam ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desquamation
<dermatology> The shedding of epithelial elements, chiefly of the skin, in scales or small sheets, exfoliation. ... Origin: L. De = from, squama = scale ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

desquamative
Relating to or marked by desquamation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desquamative inflammatory vaginitis
An acute inflammation of the vagina of unknown cause, characterised by grayish pseudomembrane, free discharge, and easy bleeding on trauma; the discharge contains pus and immature epithelial cells, although oestrogen levels are normal. ... Vaginitis emphysematosa, vaginitis characterised by accumulation of gas in small connective tissue spaces lined …

desquamative interstitial pneumonia
Diffuse proliferation of alveolar epithelial cells, which desquamate into the air sacs and become filled with macrophages, accompanied by interstitial cellular infiltration and fibrosis; gradual onset of dyspnea and nonproductive cough occurs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

desquamative pneumonia
Relatively rare form of pneumonia with homogeneous filling of alveolar air spaces with macrophages and a few type II epithelial lining cells, some alveolar septal infiltration with inflammatory and connective tissue cells. Usually idiopathic but some cases have been reported in association with drugs or underlying systemic connective tissue disease …

dessert
A service of pastry, fruits, or sweetmeats, at the close of a feast or entertainment; pastry, fruits, etc, forming the last course at dinner. ''An 't please your honor,' quoth the peasant, 'This same dessert is not so pleasant.'' (Pope) Dessert spoon, a spoon used in eating dessert; a spoon intermediate in size between a teaspoon and a tablespoon. …

desthiobiotin
A compound derived from biotin by the removal of the sulfur atom; a precursor of biotin in bacteria and molds; it can substitute for biotin in some microorganisms, but is without effect on or is inhibitory to the growth of others. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

destine
To determine the future condition or application of; to set apart by design for a future use or purpose; to fix, as by destiny or by an authoritative decree; to doom; to ordain or preordain; to appoint; often with the remoter object preceded by to or for. 'We are decreed, Reserved, and destined to eternal woe.' (Milton) 'Till the loathsome opposite …

destiny
Origin: OE. Destinee, destene, F. Destinee, from destiner. See Destine. ... 1. That to which any person or thing is destined; predetermined state; condition foreordained by the Divine or by human will; fate; lot; doom. 'Thither he Will come to know his destiny.' (Shak) 'No man of woman born, Coward or brave, can shun his destiny.' (Bryant) ... 2. The …