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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

Diamond, Louis
<person> U.S. Physician, *1902. ... See: Diamond-Blackfan anaemia, Diamond-Blackfan syndrome, Gardner-Diamond syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diamthazole dihydrochloride
6-(2-diethylaminoethoxy)-2-dimethylaminobenzothiazole dihydrochloride;an antifungal agent for topical use. ... Synonym: dimazole dihydrochloride. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diana
The daughter of Jupiter and Latona; a virgin goddess who presided over hunting, chastity, and marriage; identified with the Greek goddess Artemis. 'And chaste Diana haunts the forest shade. ... <zoology> ' (Pope) Diana monkey, a handsome, white-bearded monkey of West Africa (Cercopithecus Diana). ... Origin: L. Diana. ... Source: Websters Dictio …

Diana complex
Ideas leading to the adoption of masculine traits and behaviour in a female. ... Origin: Diana, L. Myth. Char. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dianhydrogalactitol
<chemical> 1,2:5,6-dianhydrodulcitol. One of the cytotoxic dihalohexitols that may have alkylating antineoplastic activity. It causes bone marrow toxicity. The active form is thought to be the diepoxide. ... Pharmacological action: antineoplastic agent, alkylating. ... Chemical name: Galactitol, 1,2:5,6-dianhydro- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dianisidine
<chemical> Highly toxic compound which can cause skin irritation and sensitization. It is used in manufacture of azo dyes. ... Chemical name: (1,1'-Biphenyl)-4,4'-diamine, 3,3'-dimethoxy- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diapause
A period of biological quiescence or dormancy with decreased metabolism; an interval in which development is arrested or greatly slowed. ... Origin: dia-+ G. Pausis, pause ... Embryonic diapause, a diapause in the course of embryogenesis; postulated to occur in instances of double parturition and possibly of delayed implantation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diapedesis
Archaic term for the emigration of leucocytes across the endothelium. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

diaper dermatitis
Colloquially referred to as diaper, ammonia, or napkin rash; dermatitis of thighs and buttocks resulting from exposure to urine and faeces in infants' diapers. Formerly attributed to ammonia formation; moisture, bacterial growth, and alkalinity may all induce lesions. ... Synonym: ammonia rash, diaper rash, Jacquet's erythema, napkin rash. ... (05 Ma …

diaper rash
An irritated red rash that is localised to the diaper area. Irritation commonly occurs secondary to chaffing and chronic moisture to the skin. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

diaphanography
<investigation> A test to find beast cancer that involves shining a bright light through the breast: ... Synonym: transillumination. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

diaphanoscopy
Examination of a cavity with a diaphanoscope. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphanous
Extremely thin and transparent. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

diaphen hydrochloride
2-Diethylaminoethyl alpha-chlorodiphenylacetate hydrochloride;an antihistaminic agent with anticholinergic properties. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphorase
Originally, a series of flavoproteins with reductase activity in mitochondria; now dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphoresis
Perspiration, especially profuse perspiration. ... Synonym: sudoresis. ... Origin: Gr. Diaphoresis ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

diaphragm
<anatomy> The thin muscle below the lungs and heart that separates the chest from the abdomen. ... (12 May 1997) ...

diaphragm of sella
A fold of dura mater extending transversely across the sella turcica and roofing over the hypophyseal fossa; it is perforated in its centre for the passage of the infundibulum. ... Synonym: diaphragma sellae, diaphragm sellae, tentorium of hypophysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphragm pessary
A ring with a covered opening, used as a platform to support uterus, bladder, or rectum, or to prevent conception. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphragm sellae
Synonym for diaphragm of sella ... A fold of dura mater extending transversely across the sella turcica and roofing over the hypophyseal fossa; it is perforated in its centre for the passage of the infundibulum. ... Synonym: diaphragma sellae, diaphragm sellae, tentorium of hypophysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphragma
1. A thin partition separating adjacent regions. ... Synonym: diaphragm. ... Origin: G. Diaphragma, a partition wall, midriff ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphragma pelvis
Synonym for pelvic diaphragm ... Diaphragm of pelvis, the paired levator ani and coccygeus muscles together with the fascia above and below them. ... Synonym: diaphragma pelvis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphragma sellae
Synonym for diaphragm of sella ... A fold of dura mater extending transversely across the sella turcica and roofing over the hypophyseal fossa; it is perforated in its centre for the passage of the infundibulum. ... Synonym: diaphragma sellae, diaphragm sellae, tentorium of hypophysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphragma urogenitale
Synonym for urogenital diaphragm ... A triangular sheet of muscle between the ischiopubic rami; composed of the sphincter urethrae, and the deep transverse perineal muscles. ... Synonym: diaphragma urogenitale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphragmalgia
Rarely used term for a pain in the diaphragm. ... Synonym: diaphragmodynia. ... Origin: diaphragm + G. Algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphragmatic
Relating to a diaphragm. ... Synonym: phrenic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphragmatic eventration
<radiology> Upward displacement of abdominal contents secondary to a congenitally thin hypoplastic diaphragm, location: anteromedial on right, total involvement on the left, R:L = 5:1, findings: small diaphragmatic excursions, often lobulated contour see: elevated hemidiaphragm ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diaphragmatic flutter
Rapid rhythmical contractions (average, 150 per minute) of the diaphragm, simulating atrial flutter clinically and sometimes electrocardiographically. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphragmatic hernia
A condition present at birth where there is abnormal protrusion of abdominal contents upward through a defect in the diaphragm. This condition is treated as a surgical emergency due to interference with the infant's breathing. Smaller, less serious diaphragmatic hernias may also be seen in adults. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

diaphragmatic myocardial infarction
Synonym for inferior myocardial infarction ... Infarction in which the inferior or diaphragmatic wall of the heart is involved, producing indicative changes in leads II, III, and aVF in the electrocardiogram. ... Synonym: diaphragmatic myocardial infarction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphragmatic nodes
Synonym for superior phrenic lymph nodes ... Three groups of small nodes, anterior, middle, and posterior, on the upper surface of the diaphragm; they receive afferents from the liver, diaphragm, and intercostal spaces and send efferents to parasternal and posterior mediastinal nodes. ... Synonym: nodi lymphatici phrenici superiores, diaphragmatic no …

diaphragmatic pacemaker
A device that paces the diaphragm, used in patients with chronic ventilatory insufficiency resulting from malfunction of the respiratory control centre on certain types of phrenic nerve malfunction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphragmatic peritonitis
Peritonitis affecting mainly the peritoneal surface of the diaphragm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphragmatic pleura
The layer of parietal pleura covering the upper surface of the diaphragm, except along its costal attachments and where it is covered with the pericardium. ... Synonym: pleura diaphragmatica, phrenic pleura, pleura phrenica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphragmatic pleurisy
Synonym for epidemic pleurodynia ... An acute infectious disease usually occurring in epidemic form, characterised by paroxysms of pain, usually in the chest, and associated with strains of Enterovirus coxsackievirus type B. ... Synonym: benign dry pleurisy, Bornholm disease, Daae's disease, devil's grip, diaphragmatic pleurisy, epidemic benign dry p …

diaphragmatic surface
The surface of an organ in contact with the diaphragm, as of the heart, liver, lungs, and spleen. ... Synonym: facies diaphragmatica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphragmatocele
Rarely used term for diaphragmatic hernia. ... Origin: diaphragm + G. Kele, hernia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphragmodynia
Synonym: diaphragmalgia. ... Origin: diaphragm + G. Odyne, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphyseal
Synonym for diaphysial ... Relating to a diaphysis. ... Synonym: diaphyseal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphyseal dysplasia, progressive
Progressive thickening of diaphyseal cortex of long bones. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diaphysectomy
<procedure> Partial or complete removal of the shaft of a long bone. ... Origin: diaphysis + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphyses
The shaft of a long bone. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

diaphysial
Relating to a diaphysis. ... Synonym: diaphyseal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphysial aclasis
Synonym for hereditary multiple exostoses ... A disturbance of enchondral bone growth in which multiple, generally benign osteochondromas of long bones appear during childhood, commonly with shortening of the radius and fibula; the ill-effects are usually mechanical but malignant change is rare; autosomal dominant inheritance. ... Synonym: diaphysial …

diaphysial centre
Primary centre of ossification in the shaft of a long bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphysial dysplasia
Progressive, symmetrical fusiform enlargement of the shafts of long bones characterised by the formation of excessive new periosteal and endosteal bone and irregular conversion of this cortical bone into cancellous bone; anaemia does not occur as a rule, as in osteopetrosis. ... Synonym: Engelmann's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaphysis
The shaft of a long bone. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

diaphysitis
Inflammation of the shaft of a long bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diapiresis
Passage of colloidal or other small particles of suspended matter through the unruptured walls of the blood vessels. ... See: diapedesis. ... Origin: G. Diapeiro, to drive through, fr. Peiro, to pierce ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaplacental
Passing through or 'across' the placenta. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaplasis
An obsolete term for setting of a fracture or reduction of a dislocation. ... Origin: G. A putting in shape ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaplastic
Pertaining to diaplasis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaplexus
Rarely used term for choroid plexus of third ventricle. ... Origin: G. Dia, through, + L. Plexus, a plaiting ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Diaptomus
A genus of copepod crustacea, the principal intermediate host for Diphyllobothrium latum in North America. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaries
Daily records, usually private, of writers' experiences, observations, feelings, attitudes, etc. On a less personal level, they are books containing pages marked in calendar order in which to note appointments and the like. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diarrhoea
<gastroenterology, symptom> The abnormal frequency and liquidity of faecal discharges. ... Origin: Gr. Rhein = to flow ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

diarrhoea alba
Synonym for pullorum disease ... An infectious disease of chicks and other young birds caused by the bacterium Salmonella pullorum, which is carried in the ovaries of adult hens and appears in the eggs; in incubator-hatched birds, the disease usually involves the lungs and air sacs, but often spreads in flocks of young birds as an alimentary tract i …

diarrhoea pancreatica
Diarrhoea characterised by severe, watery, secretory diarrhoea and hyperkalaemia; most patients have hypercalcaemia, many have hyperglycaemia; results from excessive secretion of VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide) by an islet cell tumour of the pancreas. Sometimes called WDHA syndrome. ... See: Verner-Morrison syndrome, WDHA syndrome. ... Synonym: p …

diarrhoea virus, bovine viral
The type species of the pestivirus genus causing diarrhoea, fever, oral ulcerations, and various necrotic lesions among cattle and other domestic animals. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diarrhoea, antibiotic-induced
A bacterium called Clostridium difficile (C.difficile), one of the most common causes of infection of the large bowel (colon). Patients taking antibiotics are at particular risk of becoming infected with C. Difficile. Antibiotics disrupt the normal bacteria of the bowel, allowing C. Difficile bacteria (and other bacteria) to become established and …

diarrhoeal
Relating to diarrhoea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diarthric
Relating to two joints. ... Synonym: biarticular, diarticular. ... Origin: G. Di-, two, + arthron, joint ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diarthrodial cartilage
Synonym for articular cartilage ... The cartilage covering the articular surfaces of the bones participating in a synovial joint. ... Synonym: cartilago articularis, arthrodial cartilage, diarthrodial cartilage, investing cartilage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diarthrodial joint
Synonym for synovial joint ... A joint in which the opposing bony surfaces are covered with a layer of hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage, there is a joint cavity containing synovial fluid, lined with synovial membrane and reinforced by a fibrous capsule and ligaments, and there is some degree of free movement possible. ... Synonym: articulatio syno …

diarticular
Synonym for diarthric ... Relating to two joints. ... Synonym: biarticular, diarticular. ... Origin: G. Di-, two, + arthron, joint ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaschisis
A sudden inhibition of function produced by an acute focal disturbance in a portion of the brain at a distance from the original seat of injury, but anatomically connected with it through fibre tracts. ... Origin: G. A splitting ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diascope
<instrument> A flat glass plate through which one can examine superficial skin lesions by means of pressure. ... Origin: G. Dia, through, + skopeo, to view ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diascopy
Examination of superficial skin lesions with a diascope. ... Origin: G. Dia, through, + skopeo, to see ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diastalsis
The type of peristalsis in which a region of inhibition precedes the wave of contraction, as seen in the intestinal tract. ... Origin: G. An arrangement ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diastaltic
Pertaining to diastalsis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diastase
<physiology> A soluble, nitrogenous ferment, capable of converting starch and dextrin into sugar. ... The name is more particularly applied to that ferment formed during the germination of grain, as in the malting of barley; but it is also occasionally used to designate the amylolytic ferment contained in animal fluids, as in the saliva. ... Or …

diastasis recti
Separation of rectus abdominis muscles away from the midline, sometimes seen during or following pregnancy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diastasuria
Synonym for amylasuria ... The excretion of amylase (sometimes termed diastase) in the urine, especially increased amounts likely in acute pancreatitis. ... Synonym: diastasuria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diastatic skull fracture
The traumatic separation of cranial bones at a suture line. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

diastema
<dentistry> A space between two teeth. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

diastematocrania
Congenital sagittal fissure of the skull. ... Origin: G. Diastema, an interval, + kranion, skull ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diastematomyelia
<radiology> Longitudinal splitting of spinal cord at one or more levels, may have associated bony, cartilagenous or fibrous spur projecting through dura, distinguish from diplomyelia (true duplication of spinal cord) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diastereoisomers
Optically active isomers that are not enantiomorphs (mirror images); e.g., d-glucose and d-galactose. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diastereomers
<chemistry> Optical isomers that are not mirror images of each other. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

diastole
The time, in between ventricular contractions (systole), at which ventricular filling occurs. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

diastolic
Of or pertaining to the diastole. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

diastolic afterpotential
In the heart, a transmembrane potential change following repolarization, which may reach threshold magnitude and cause a rhythm disturbance; often recorded in poisoning, as by digitalis overdosage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diastolic blood pressure
The pressure exerted on the walls of the arteries when the heart is in the relaxation phase (diastole). Considered abnormally elevated if consistently over 90 mmhg. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

diastolic murmur
A murmur heard during diastole. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diastolic pressure
The intracardiac pressure during or resulting from diastolic relaxation of a cardiac chamber; the lowest arterial blood pressure reached during any given ventricular cycle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diastolic shock
The abnormally palpable impact, appreciated by a hand on the chest wall, of an accentuated third heart sound. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diastolic thrill
A thrill felt over the precordium or over a blood vessel during ventricular diastole. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diastrophic dwarfism
<radiology> Short-limbed dwarfism (diastrophic means twisted, thus scoliosis) X-ray features: short flared metaphyses with flattened epiphyses in tubular bones of extremities, equinovarus deformity of feet -- major joints subluxed, spine: kyphoscoliosis with gradual decrease in interpediculate distance toward caudal end of lumbar spine, hands …

diastrophism
Distortion that occurs in objects as a result of bending. ... Origin: G. Diastrophe, fr. Diastrephein, distortion ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diataxia
Ataxia affecting both sides of the body. ... Cerebral diataxia, the ataxic type of cerebral birth palsy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diatela
Rarely used term for choroid tela of third ventricle. ... Origin: G. Dia, through, between, + L. Tela, web ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diathermal
Synonym: diathermic. ... Origin: G. Dia, through, + therme, heat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diathermancy
The condition of being diathermic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diathermanous
Permeable by heat rays. ... Synonym: transcalent. ... Origin: G. Dia-thermaino, to heat through, fr. Thermos, hot ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diathermic
Relating to, characterised by, or affected by diathermy. ... Synonym: diathermal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diathermic therapy
Treatment of various lesions by diathermy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diathermocoagulation
Synonym for surgical diathermy ... Electrocoagulation with a high frequency electrocautery, resulting in local tissue destruction; usually used to seal blood vessels and arrest bleeding. ... Synonym: diathermocoagulation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diathermy
<procedure, surgery> The heating of the body tissues due to their resistance to the passage of high-frequency electromagnetic radiation, electric currents or ultrasonic waves. In medical diathermy (thermopenetration) the tissues are warmed but not damaged, in surgical diathermy (electrocoagulation) tissue is destroyed. ... Origin: Gr. Therm = …

diathesis
A constitution or condition of the body which makes the tissues react in special ways to certain extrinsic stimuli and thus tends to make the person more than usually susceptible to certain diseases. ... Origin: Gr. Diathesis = arrangement, disposition ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

diatom
Algae of the division Bacillariophyta. They are largely unicellular and are characterised by having cell walls of hydrated silica embedded in an organic matrix. The cell walls are formed in two halves that fit together like the lid and base of a pillbox and often have elaborate patterns formed by pores. Diatoms are very abundant in marine and fresh …