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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

dextroposition of the heart
The heart is displaced to the right (from its usual location in the left chest). There is no anatomic alteration in the heart itself, just in its location. Dextroposition occurs when the contents of the left side of the chest shove the heart to the right or when the contents of the right chest are reduced (for example, by collapse of the right lung …

dextropropoxyphene hydrochloride
Synonym for propoxyphene hydrochloride ... (+)-alpha-4-(dimethylamino)-3-methyl-1,2-diphenyl-2-butanol propionate hydrochloride;a nonantipyretic, orally effective weak narcotic analgesic structurally related to methadone and used for the relief of mild to moderate pain; it is less effective than codeine. ... Synonym: dextropropoxyphene hydrochloride. …

dextropropoxyphene napsylate
Synonym for propoxyphene napsylate ... Mono-2-naphthalenesulfonate monohydrate salt of propoxyphene;a weak narcotic analgesic. ... Synonym: dextropropoxyphene napsylate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dextrorotation
A turning or twisting to the right; especially, the clockwise twist given the plane of plane-polarised light by solutions of certain optically active substances. ... Compare: levorotation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dextrorotatory
<chemistry> A chiral molecule which rotates plane-polarized light to the right. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

dextrorotatory isomer
A stereoisomer that does a clockwise rotation of plane-polarized light. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

dextrorphan
<chemical> Dextro form of levorphanol. It acts as a noncompetitive nmda receptor antagonist, among other effects, and has been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. It is also a metabolite of dextromethorphan. ... Pharmacological action: excitatory amino acid antagonists, neuroprotective agents. ... Chemical name: Morphinan-3-ol, 17-methyl-, (9a …

dextrorse
Turning from the left to the right, in the ascending line, as in the spiral inclination of the stem of the common morning-glory. ... at present scientists predicate dextrorse or sinistrorse quality of the plant regarded objectively; formerly the plant was regarded subjectively, and what is now called dextrorse was then considered sinistrorse. ... Ori …

dextrose
<chemistry> A sirupy, or white crystalline, variety of sugar, C6H12O6 (so called from turning the plane of polarization to the right), occurring in many ripe fruits. Dextrose and levulose are obtained by the inversion of cane sugar or sucrose, and hence called invert sugar. Dextrose is chiefly obtained by the action of heat and acids on starc …

dextrosinistral
In a direction from right to left. ... Origin: dextro-+ L. Sinister, left ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dextrosuria
An obsolete term for glycosuria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dextrothyroxine
<chemical> O-(4-hydroxy-3,5-diiodophenyl)-3,5-diiodo-d-tyrosine. The dextrorotary isomer of thyroxine. It is used as an oral anticholesteraemic agent, mainly to treat hypercholesteraemia in euthyroid patients. ... Pharmacological action: anticholesteraemic agents. ... Chemical name: D-Tyrosine, O-(4-hydroxy-3,5-diiodophenyl)-3,5-diiodo- ... (12 …

dextrothyroxine sodium
D-Thyroxine sodium salt;an antihypercholesterolaemic agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dextrotorsion
1. A twisting to the right. ... 2. In ophthalmology, a seldom-used term for a conjugate rotation of the upper pole of both corneas to the right. ... Synonym: dextroclination. ... Origin: dextro-+ L. Torsio, a twisting ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dextrotropic
Turning to the right. ... Origin: dextro-+ G. Tropos, a turn ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dextroversion
1. Version toward the right. ... 2. In ophthalmology, a conjugate rotation of both eyes to the right. ... Origin: dextro-+ L. Verto, pp. Versus, to turn ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dextroversion of the heart
Synonym for corrected dextrocardia ... Displacement and rotation of the heart into the right side of the chest but without mirror transposition of the cardiac chambers. ... Synonym: dextroversion of the heart, false dextrocardia, type 3 dextrocardia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

df
<abbreviation> Decayed and filled teeth. ... Synonym: df caries index. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

df caries index
An index of past caries experience based upon the number of decayed and filled deciduous (indicated by lower case letters) or permanent (indicated by capital letters) teeth. ... Synonym: df, DF. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Df protease
<enzyme> 30-kD enzyme isolated from house dust mite dermatophagoides farinae; has substrate specificity similar to factor xiia ... Registry number: EC 3.4.21.- ... Synonym: df-protease ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

DFP
<abbreviation> Diisopropyl fluorophosphate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dGlc
<abbreviation> 2-deoxyglucose. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dGMP
<abbreviation> Deoxyguanylic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

DHAP
<abbreviation> Dihydroxyacetone phosphate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Dharmendra antigen
A chloroform-ether extracted suspension of Mycobacterium leprae; used to produce the Fernandez reaction in a lepromin test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

DHFR
<abbreviation> Dihydrofolate reductase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dhobie itch
Synonym for tinea cruris ... Tinea cruris is a fungal infection of the perineum, better known as jock itch. This condition is often treated with clotrimazole or miconazole cream. Good general hygiene is vital in the prevention of tinea cruris. Keep the groin area clean and dry and avoid chafing. Launder athletic supporters frequently. Use an antifun …

dhobie mark
Synonym for dhobie mark dermatitis ... An allergic contact dermatitis due to hypersensitivity to ingredients in laundry marking ink. ... Synonym: dhobie mark, washerman's mark. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dhobie mark dermatitis
An allergic contact dermatitis due to hypersensitivity to ingredients in laundry marking ink. ... Synonym: dhobie mark, washerman's mark. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

DHP I dehaloperoxidase
<enzyme> Catalyses conversion of trihalogenated phenols into dihalogenated quinones; contains haem and iron; isolated from the marine terebellid polychaete amphirite ornata ... Registry number: EC 1.11.1.- ... Synonym: dehaloperoxidase dhp i ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

Di antigen
Diego blood group ...

Di Ferrante syndrome
<syndrome> Associated with a deficiency of N-acetylglucosamine 6-sulfatase and urinary excretion of heparan sulfate and keratan sulfate. ... Synonym: type VIII mucopolysaccharidosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Di George syndrome
<syndrome> Congenital absence of the thymus and parathyroid glands (a branchial cleft anomaly), as a result of which the T lymphocyte system is absent. ... (06 Mar 2000) ...

Di Guglielmo
Giovanni, Italian physician, 1886-1961. ... See: Di Guglielmo's disease, Di Guglielmo's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Di Guglielmo's disease
The acute form of erythraemic myelosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Di Guglielmo's syndrome
<syndrome> Eponym for the acute form of erythraemic myelosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

di-
1. <chemistry, prefix> A prefix, signifying twofold, double, twice; denoting two atoms, radicals, groups, or equivalents, as the case may be. See Bi-. ... 2. A prefix denoting through; also, between, apart, asunder, across. Before a vowel dia- becomes di-; as, diactinic; dielectric, etc. ... Origin: Gr. Twice; akin to two, L. Bis twice. See Two …

di-amelia
Absence of two limbs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

di(2-chloroethyl)sulfide
Synonym for mustard gas ... <chemical> 1,1'-thiobis(2-chloroethane). Severe irritant and vesicant of skin, eyes, and lungs. It may cause blindness and lethal lung oedema and was formerly used as a war gas. The substance has been proposed as a cytostatic and for treatment of psoriasis. It has been listed as a known carcinogen in the fourth annu …

dia-
<prefix> Prefix from the Greek meaning through, throughout, completely. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diabase
<chemical> A basic, dark-coloured, holocrystalline, igneous rock, consisting essentially of a triclinic feldspar and pyroxene with magnetic iron; often limited to rocks pretertiary in age. It includes part of what was early called greenstone. ... Origin: F. Diabase, fr. Gr. A crossing or passing over, fr.; + to go; so called by Brongniart, bec …

diabetes
<disease> (Gr. Diabetes a syphon, from dia through + bainein to go) a general term referring to disorders characterised by excessive urine excretion (polyuria), as in diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus. When used alone, the term refers to diabetes mellitus. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

diabetes and fibre
Soluble fibres (oat bran, apples, citrus, pears, peas/beans, psyllium, etc.) slow down the digestion of carbohydrates (sugars), which results in better glucose metabolism. Some patients with the adult-onset diabetes may actually be successfully treated with a high-fibre diet alone, and those on insulin, can often reduce their insulin requirements b …

diabetes innocens
Synonym for renal glycosuria ... The recurring or persistent excretion of glucose in the urine, in association with blood glucose levels that are in the normal range; results from the failure of proximal renal tubules to reabsorb glucose at a normal rate from the glomerular filtrate (low renal threshold); defect in the glucose carrier in the nephron …

diabetes insipidus
<disease, endocrinology> Rare form of diabetes in which the kidney tubules do not reabsorb sufficient water. This can be because (a) either the renal tubules have defective receptors for antidiuretic hormone (ADH, vasopressin) or (b) a class of aquaporin water channel in the collecting duct is defective or (c) there is inadequate ADH producti …

diabetes insipidus, nephrogenic
A rare congenital and familial form of diabetes insipidus, resulting from failure of the renal tubules to absorb water. There is excessive production of antidiuretic hormones but the tubules fail to respond to it. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diabetes intermittens
Diabetes mellitus in which there are periods of relatively normal carbohydrate metabolism followed by relapses to the previous diabetic state. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diabetes mellitus
<disease> Relative or absolute lack of insulin leading to uncontrolled carbohydrate metabolism. In juvenile onset diabetes (that may be an autoimmune response to pancreatic _ cells) the insulin deficiency tends to be almost total, whereas in adult onset diabetes there seems to be no immunological component but an association with obesity. ... …

diabetes mellitus, experimental
Diabetes mellitus induced experimentally by administration of various diabetogenic agents or by pancreatectomy. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diabetes mellitus, lipoatrophic
A disorder characterised by complete absence of subcutaneous adipose tissue, insulin-resistant diabetes with little tendency to ketoacidosis, hyperlipidemia with subcutaneous xanthomatosis, hepatomegaly, and an elevated basal metabolic rate. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diabetes related peptide
Synonym for islet amyloid peptide ... <hormone, protein> Peptide of 37 amino acids that selectively inhibits insulin stimulated glucose uptake in muscle. Structurally related to calcitonin gene-related peptide. ... (15 Oct 1997) ...

diabetes, gestational
A diabetic condition that appears during pregnancy (gestation) and may go away after the birth of the baby. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diabetes, type 1
Insulin dependent diabetes or juvenile diabetes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diabetes, type 2
Non-insulin dependent diabetes, adult-onset diabetes or insulin-resistant diabetes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diabetic
Diabetes mellitus is a disorder that is caused by the insufficient production of the pancreatic hormone insulin. Without insulin cells are unable to absorb glucose, necessary for cellular metabolism and energy production. Patients may have type I diabetes (juvenile onset) or type II diabetes (adult onset). Individuals with either condition are cons …

diabetic acidosis
Decreased pH and bicarbonate concentration in the body fluids caused by accumulation of ketone bodies in diabetes mellitus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diabetic amyotrophy
A type of diabetic neuropathy that primarily affects elderly patients with diabetes mellitus; clinically characterised by unilateral or bilateral anterior thigh pain, weakness, and atrophy; of abrupt or gradual onset and, when bilateral, of simultaneous or sequential onset, and usually asymmetrical; one type of diabetic polyradiculopathy. Sometimes …

diabetic arthropathy
A neuropathic arthropathy occurring in diabetes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diabetic cataract
A cataract occurring in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

diabetic coma
A severe metabolic derangement that occurs in the absence of insulin. Insulin allows the body to absorb glucose into cells for energy production. In the absence of insulin, the body starts to break down fats for fuel. A metabolic byproduct of fat metabolism is referred to as a ketone. The presence of elevated blood ketones in this setting is known …

diabetic dermopathy
Small macules and papules of the extensor surfaces of the extremities, most commonly the shins of diabetics, which become atrophic, hyperpigmented, and occasionally undergo ulceration with scarring; may be a manifestation of microangiopathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diabetic diet
A diet prescribed in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, usually limited in the amount of sugar or readily available carbohydrate. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diabetic fetopathy
Fetopathy resulting from maternal diabetes, which may cause macrosomia and foetal death. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diabetic foot
Ulcers of the foot as a complication of diabetes. Diabetic foot, often with infection, is a common serious complication of diabetes and may require hospitalization and disfiguring surgery. The foot ulcers are probably secondary to neuropathies and vascular problems. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diabetic gangrene
Gangrene resulting from arteriosclerosis associated with diabetes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diabetic gingivitis
Gingivitis in which the host response to bacterial plaque is presumably modified by the metabolic alterations encountered in the uncontrolled diabetic patient. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diabetic glomerulosclerosis
Kidney disease and resultant kidney function impairment due to the long standing effects of diabetes on the microvasculature (glomerulus) of the kidney. Features include increased urine protein and declining kidney function. Severe diabetic nephropathy can lead to kidney failure and end-stage renal disease. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

diabetic ketoacidosis
A severe metabolic derangement that occurs in the absence of insulin. Insulin allows the body to absorb glucose into cells for energy production. In the absence of insulin, the body starts to break down fats for fuel. A metabolic byproduct of fat metabolism is referred to as a ketone. The presence of elevated blood ketones in this setting is known …

diabetic kidney disease
Kidney disease and resultant kidney function impairment due to the long standing effects of diabetes on the microvasculature (glomerulus) of the kidney. Features include increased urine protein and declining kidney function. Severe diabetic nephropathy can lead to kidney failure and end-stage renal disease. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

diabetic lipaemia
Development of lactescent plasma upon ingestion of dietary lipids; a rare manifestation of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus caused by defective metabolism of dietary lipids and abolished by the administration of insulin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diabetic myelopathy
<pathology> Degenerative changes in spinal cord tissue occurring as a complication of diabetes mellitus ... Origin: Gr. Pathos = disease ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

diabetic nephropathies
Includes renal arteriosclerosis, renal arteriolosclerosis, kimmelstiel-wilson syndrome (intercapillary glomerulosclerosis), acute and chronic pyelonephritis, and kidney papillary necrosis in individuals with diabetes mellitus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diabetic nephropathy
<nephrology, pathology> Kidney disease and resultant kidney function impairment due to the long standing effects of diabetes on the microvasculature (glomerulus) of the kidney. Features include increased urine protein and declining kidney function. ... Severe diabetic nephropathy can lead to kidney failure and end-stage renal disease. ... Origi …

diabetic neuropathy
<neurology, pathology> Long standing or poorly controlled diabetes can cause permanent peripheral and autonomic nerve dysfunction known as diabetic neuropathy. ... Origin: Gr. Pathos = disease ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

diabetic patient
Diabetes mellitus is a disorder that is caused by the insufficient production of the pancreatic hormone insulin. Without insulin cells are unable to absorb glucose, necessary for cellular metabolism and energy production. Patients may have type I diabetes (juvenile onset) or type II diabetes (adult onset). Individuals with either condition are cons …

diabetic polyneuropathy
A distal, symmetrical, generally sensorimotor polyneuropathy that is a frequent complication of diabetes mellitus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diabetic puncture
A puncture at a point in the floor of the fourth ventricle of the brain which causes glycosuria. ... Synonym: Bernard's puncture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diabetic retinitis
See: diabetic retinopathy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diabetic retinopathy
<ophthalmology, pathology> A major cause of blindness in diabetics. Retinal disease results from adverse effects on the blood vessels which supply the retina. Swollen retinal vessels which leak fluid into the retina are commonly seen on physical examination of the eyes. Poorly controlled insulin dependent diabetes and/or hypertension are the …

diabetogenic
Causing diabetes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diabetogenic factor
Rarely used term for a factor in crude extracts of the anterior lobe of the hypophysis that produces degenerative changes in the islet cells of the pancreas and causes permanent diabetes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diabetogenous
Caused by diabetes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diabetology
The field of medicine concerned with diabetes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diacaustic
<optics> Pertaining to, or possessing the properties of, a species of caustic curves formed by refraction. See Caustic surface, under Caustic. ... Origin: Pref. Dia- + caustic. ... 1. <medicine> That which burns by refraction, as a double convex lens, or the sun's rays concentrated by such a lens, sometimes used as a cautery. ... 2. <ma …

diacele
Synonym: third ventricle. ... Origin: G. Dia-, through, + koilia, a hollow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diacetal
See: diacetyl. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diacetate
Synonym: acetoacetate. ... 2. A compound containing two acetate residues. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diacetemia
A form of acidosis resulting from the presence of acetoacetic (diacetic) acid in the blood. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diacetic acid
Synonym for acetoacetic acid ... CH3COCH2COOH;one of the ketone bodies, formed in excess and appearing in the urine in starvation or diabetes. ... Synonym: diacetic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diacetonuria
Synonym for diaceturia ... The urinary excretion of acetoacetic (diacetic) acid. ... Synonym: diacetonuria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diaceturia
The urinary excretion of acetoacetic (diacetic) acid. ... Synonym: diacetonuria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diacetyl
<chemical> 2,3-butanedione. Carrier of aroma of butter, vinegar, coffee, and other foods. ... Chemical name: 2,3-Butanedione ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diacetylcholine
Synonym for succinylcholine ... <drug> Cholinergic antagonist and therefore a skeletal muscle relaxant. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

diacetylmethylcarbinol reductase
<enzyme> Forms acetylbutanediol from diacetylmethylcarbinol ... Registry number: EC 1.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

diacetylmonoxime
A 2-oxo-oxime that can reactivate phosphorylated acetylcholinesterase in vitro and in vivo; it penetrates the blood-brain barrier. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diacetylmorphine
<chemical> (5 alpha,6 alpha)-7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-diol diacetate (ester). A narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is a controlled substance (opium derivative) listed in the u.s. Code of federal regulations, title 21 parts 329.1, 1308.11 (1987). Sale is forbidden in the united states by federal statute. (me …

diacetyltannic acid
Synonym for acetyltannic acid ... An astringent used for treatment of diarrhoea. ... Synonym: diacetyltannic acid, tannylacetate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diachronic
The word diachronic is from the Greek dia-, through + chronos, time = through time. As opposed to synchronic, at one point in time. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diachronic study
A study done over the course of time. For example, a longitudinal study of children with Down syndrome (trisomy 21) might involve the study of 100 children with this condition from birth to 10 years of age. Also called a longitudinal study. The opposite of a synchronic (cross-sectional) study. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diaclasis
Diaclasia ... Synonym: osteoclasis. ... Origin: G. Diaklasis, a breaking up, fr. Dia, through, + klasis, a breaking ... (05 Mar 2000) ...