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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

dense bodies
<cell biology> Areas of electron density associated with the thin filaments in smooth muscle cells. Some are associated with the plasma membrane, others are cytoplasmic. ... (12 Jan 1998) ...

dense liver
<radiology> Haemochromatosis, haemosiderosis, Wilson disease, Thorotrast, amiodarone, gold (for RA) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dense metaphyseal bands
<radiology> Normal variant, stress lines, heavy metal poisoning, treated rickets, scurvy, hypervitaminosis D ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dense spleen
<radiology> Sickle cell disease, haemochromatosis, Thorotrast ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dense-deposit disease
See: membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

densification
A mechanical process to compress biomass (usually wood waste) into pellets, briquettes, cubes, or densified logs. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

densimeter
Synonym: densitometer. ... Origin: L. Densitas, density, + G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

densitometer
1. An instrument for measuring the density of a fluid. ... Synonym: densimeter. ... 2. An instrument for measuring, by virtue of relative turbidity, the growth of bacteria in broth; useful in microbiologic assay of nutrients and antibiotics, phage studies, etc. ... 3. An instrument for measuring the density of components (e.g., protein fractions) sepa …

densitometry
A procedure utilizing a densitometer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

densitometry, X-ray
Measurement of the degree of darkening of X-ray film by means of a photocell which measures light transmission through the film. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

density
1. <radiology> The amount of darkness or light in an area of a scan reflects the compactness and density of tissue. Differences in tissue density are the basis for CT and MR scans. ... 2. <microscopy> Logarithm to the base 10 of the reciprocal of transmittance. ... (12 Jan 1998) ...

density gradient
<chemistry> A column of liquid in which the density varies continually with position, usually as a consequence of variation of concentration of a solute. ... Such gradients may be established by progressive mixing of solutions of different density as for example: sucrose gradients) or by centrifuge induced redistribution of solute (as for caes …

density gradient centrifugation
<technique> High-speed centrifugation inwhich molecules float at a point wheretheir density equals that in a gradient of cesium chloride or sucrose. ... (12 Jan 1998) ...

density-dependent
<epidemiology> 1. Effects whose intensity changes with increasing population density. ... 2. Effects whose intensity increases with increasing population density, for example a mortality which becomes very high near a carrying capacity. Effects which become less pronounced at higher population sizes (perhaps the reduction in fecundity caused b …

densovirinae
A subfamily of DNA arthropod viruses, in the family parvoviridae. The host range includes members of dictyoptera, diptera, lepidoptera, odonata, and orthoptera. There are three genera: densovirus, iteravirus, and contravirus. There is evidence that densovirus-like viruses also infect and multiply in crabs and shrimp. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

densovirus
A genus of parvoviridae, subfamily densovirinae, comprising helper-independent viruses containing only two species. Junonia coenia densovirus is the type species. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental
1. <dentistry> Of or pertaining to the teeth or to dentistry; as, dental surgery. ... 2. <zoology> Dental formula, a brief notation used by zoologists to denote the number and kind of teeth of a mammal. Dental surgeon, a dentist. ... Origin: L. Dens, dentis, tooth: cf. F. Dental. ... 3.. <marine biology> A marine mollusk of the genus …

dental abscess
<dentistry> A pocket of pus adjacent to or within (apical abscess) the tooth's root caused by plaque and calculus invasion. ... Symptoms include tooth pain and tenderness that may be accompanied by facial swelling and a fever. ... Treatment includes antibiotics and a thorough cleansing of the infected site by a dentist. ... See: apical abscess.< …

dental abutments
<dentistry> Natural teeth or teeth roots used as anchorage for a fixed or removable denture or other prosthesis (such as an implant) serving the same purpose. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental alloys
<dentistry> A mixture of metallic elements or compounds with other metallic or metalloid elements in varying proportions for use in restorative or prosthetic dentistry. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental amalgam
<chemical, dentistry> An alloy used in restorative dentistry that contains mercury, silver, tin, copper, and possibly zinc. ... Chemical name: Dental materials and fillings, amalgams ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental anaesthesia
<anaesthetics, dentistry> General, conduction, local, or topical anaesthesia for operations upon the teeth, gingivae, or associated structures. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental anatomy
<anatomy, dentistry> That branch of gross anatomy concerned with the morphology of teeth, their location, position, and relationships. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental ankylosis
<dentistry> Bony union of the radicular surface of a tooth to the surrounding alveolar bone in an area of previous partial root resorption. ... Extracapsular ankylosis, stiffness of a joint due to induration or heterotopic ossification of the surrounding tissues. ... Synonym: spurious ankylosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental anxiety
<psychology> Abnormal fear or dread of visiting the dentist for preventive care or therapy and unwarranted anxiety over dental procedures. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental apparatus
Synonym for masticatory system ... The organs and structures primarily functioning in mastication: the jaws, teeth with their supporting structures, temporomandibular joint, muscles of mastication, tongue, lips, cheeks, and oral mucosa. ... Synonym: dental apparatus, masticatory apparatus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental arch
<anatomy, dentistry> The curved composite structure of the natural dentition and the residual ridge, or the remains thereof after the loss of some or all of the natural teeth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental articulation
<dentistry> The contact relationship of the occlusal surfaces of the upper and lower teeth when moving into and away from centric occlusion. ... Synonym: gliding occlusion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental articulators
<dentistry> Mechanical devices that simulate the temporomandibular joints and jaws to which maxillary and mandibular casts are attached. The entire assembly attempts to reproduce the movements of the mandible and the various tooth-to-tooth relationships that accompany those movements. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental assistant
<specialist> Individuals who assist the dentist or the dental hygienist. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental auxiliary
<specialist> Personnel whose work is prescribed and supervised by the dentist. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental biomechanics
Synonym for dental biophysics ... <dentistry> The relationship between the biologic behaviour of oral structures and the physical influence of a dental restoration. ... Synonym: dental biomechanics. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental biophysics
<dentistry> The relationship between the biologic behaviour of oral structures and the physical influence of a dental restoration. ... Synonym: dental biomechanics. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental branches
<anatomy, dentistry> Branches to the teeth. Nomina Anatomica lists dental branches of the following: 1) anterior superior alveolar artery, rami dentales arteriarum alveolarium superiorum anteriorum; 2) inferior alveolar artery, rami dentales arteriae alveolaris inferioris; 3) inferior dental plexus, rami dentales inferiores plexus dentalis in …

dental bulb
<dentistry> The papilla, derived from mesoderm, that forms the part of the primordium of a tooth that is situated within the cup-shaped enamel organ. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental calculus
<dentistry> Hard, stonelike concretion, varying in colour from creamy yellow to black, that forms on the teeth or dental prostheses through calcification of dental plaque. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental canals
Synonym for alveolar canals ... Canals in the body of the maxilla that transmit nerves and vessels from the alveolar foramina to the maxillary teeth. ... Synonym: canales alveolares, alveolodental canals, dental canals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental caps
<veterinary> Deciduous cheek teeth in the horse which remain attached to erupting permanent teeth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental caries
<dentistry> Erosion and decay of the tooth caused by the effects of bacteria in the mouth. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

dental cast
<dentistry> A positive likeness of a part or parts of the oral cavity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental casting investment
<dentistry> Material from which the casting mold is made in the fabrication of gold or cobalt-chromium castings. (boucher's clinical dental terminology, 4th ed, p168) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental casting technique
<dentistry> The process of producing a form or impression made of metal or plaster using a mold. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental cavity lining
<dentistry> An inner coating, as of varnish or other protective substance, to cover the dental cavity wall. It is usually a resinous film-forming agent dissolved in a volatile solvent, or a suspension of calcium hydroxide in a solution of a synthetic resin. The lining seals the dentinal tubules and protects the pulp before a restoration is in …

dental cement
<dentistry> Bonding substances available in the form of two components that are mixed together immediately before use, setting to a hard mass. ... They are used in restorative and orthodontic dental procedures as luting (cementing) agents, as bases, and as restorative materials. Resins and polymers used as restorative materials are usually cal …

dental cementum
<dentistry> The bonelike rigid connective tissue covering the root of a tooth from the cementoenamel junction to the apex and lining the apex of the root canal, also assisting in tooth support by serving as attachment structures for the periodontal ligament. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental clasps
<dentistry> Metal devices for fastening together two or more parts of dental prostheses for stabilizing or retaining them by attachment to abutment teeth. For a precision attachment for a partial denture denture precision attachment is available. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental clinics
Facilities where dental care is provided to patients. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental cord
<dentistry> An aggregation of epithelial cells forming the rudimentary enamel organ. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental crest
<dentistry> The maxillary ridge on the aleveolar processes of the maxillary bones in the foetus. ... Synonym: crista dentalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental crypt
<dentistry> The space filled by the dental follicle. ... Enamel crypt, the narrow, mesenchyme-filled space between the dental ledge and an enamel organ. ... Synonym: enamel niche. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental curing
<dentistry> The process by which plastic materials become rigid to form a denture base, filling, impression tray, or other appliance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental cuticle
Synonym for enamel cuticle ... The primary enamel cuticle, consisting of two extremely thin layers (the inner one clear and structureless, the outer one cellular), covering the entire crown of newly erupted teeth and subsequently abraded by mastication; it is evident microscopically as an amorphous material between the attachment epithelium and the …

dental debonding
<dentistry> Techniques used for removal of bonded orthodontic appliances, restorations, or fixed dentures from teeth. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental device
<dentistry> Devices used in the home by persons to maintain dental and periodontal health. The devices include toothbrushes, dental flosses, water irrigators, gingival stimulators, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental disinfectant
<dentistry> Chemicals especially for use on instruments to destroy most pathogenic organisms. (boucher, clinical dental terminology, 4th ed) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental drill
<apparatus, dentistry> A rotary power-driven instrument into which cutting points may be inserted. ... See: handpiece. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental dysfunction
<dentistry> Abnormal functioning of dental structures. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental enamel
<dentistry> A hard thin translucent layer of calcified substance which envelops and protects the dentin of the crown of the tooth. It is the hardest substance in the body and is almost entirely composed of calcium salts. Under the microscope, it is composed of thin rods (enamel prisms) held together by cementing substance, and surrounded by a …

dental enamel hypoplasia
<dentistry> A form of amelogenesis imperfecta characterised by incomplete formation of the dental enamel and transmitted as an x-linked or autosomal dominant trait. It is also associated with vitamin a, c, or d deficiency, infectious disease, prematurity, birth injury, rh incompatibility, trauma, or local infection. Small grooves, pits, and f …

dental enamel permeability
<dentistry> The property of dental enamel to permit passage of light, heat, gases, liquids, metabolites, mineral ions and other substances. It does not include the penetration of the dental enamel by microorganisms. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental enamel proteins
<dentistry> The proteins that are part of the dental enamel matrix. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental engineering
<dentistry> Application of engineering principles to dentistry. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental facilities
Use for material on dental facilities in general or for which there is no specific heading. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental fibres
<dentistry> The processes of the pulpal cells, the odontoblasts, which extend in radial fashion through the dentin to the dentoenamel junction and are contained within the dentinal tubules. ... The intertubular fine collagenous fibre's that with the dentinal ground substance infiltrated with calcium salts constitutes the dentinal matrix. ... Sy …

dental fissure
<dentistry> Deep grooves or clefts in the surface of teeth equivalent to class 1 cavities in black's classification of dental caries. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental fistula
<dentistry> A sinus tract originating in a peripheral abscess and opening into the oral cavity on the gingiva. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental follicle
<dentistry> The dental sac with its enclosed odontogenic organ and developing tooth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental forceps
<dentistry> Forceps used to luxate teeth and remove them from the alveolus. ... Synonym: extracting forceps. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental formula
<dentistry> A statement in tabular form of the number of each kind of teeth in the jaw; the dental formula for man is, for the deciduous teeth: for the permanent teeth: ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental furnace
<dentistry> A furnace used to eliminate the wax pattern from the investment mold prior to casting in metal, a furnace used to fuse and glaze dental porcelains. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental geriatrics
<dentistry> Treatment of dental problems peculiar to advanced age. ... Synonym: gerodontics, gerodontology. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental germ
Synonym for tooth germ ... The collective tissues from which an entire tooth is formed, including the dental sac, enamel organ, and dental papilla. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental granuloma
Synonym for periapical granuloma ... Chronic nonsuppurative inflammation of periapical tissue resulting from irritation following pulp disease or endodontic treatment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental groove
A transitory depression in the gingival surface of the embryonic jaw along the line of ingrowth of the dental lamina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental health services
Services designed to promote, maintain, or restore dental health. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental health surveys
A systematic collection of factual data pertaining to dental or oral health and disease in a human population within a given geographic area. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental hygienist
A licensed, professional auxiliary in dentistry who is both an oral health educator and clinician, and who uses preventive, therapeutic, and educational methods for the control of oral diseases. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental hygienists
Persons trained in an accredited school or dental college and licensed by the state in which they reside to provide dental prophylaxis under the direction of a licensed dentist. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental impaction
A tooth which is within the alveolus (the tooth socket within the alveolar bone of the jaw) and is prevented from erupting into its normal position. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

dental implantation
The grafting or inserting of a prosthetic device of alloplastic material into the oral tissue beneath the mucosal or periosteal layer or within the bone. Its purpose is to provide support and retention to a partial or complete denture. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental implantation, endosseous
Insertion of an implant into the bone of the mandible or maxilla. The implant has an exposed head which protrudes through the mucosa and is a prosthodontic abutment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental implantation, subperiosteal
The grafting or inserting of an appliance designed to fit over the surface of the mandible or the maxilla, beneath the specialised connective tissue that covers the bone (periosteum). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental implants
Biocompatible materials placed into (endosseous) or onto (subperiosteal) the jawbone to support a crown, bridge, or artificial tooth, or to stabilise a diseased tooth. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental implants, single-tooth
Devices, usually alloplastic, surgically inserted into or onto the jawbone, which support a single prosthetic tooth and serve either as abutments or as cosmetic replacements for missing teeth. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental impression materials
Substances or combinations of substances used for making a negative reproduction or impression of the teeth and oral structures for the purpose of producing restorations, prostheses, and dentures, including elastomeric materials, dental plasters, metallic oxide pastes, hydrocolloids, silicone base materials, polyethers, polysulfides, and duplicatin …

dental impression technique
Procedure of producing an imprint or negative likeness of the teeth and/or edentulous areas. Impressions are made in plastic material which becomes hardened or set while in contact with the tissue. They are later filled with plaster of paris or artificial stone to produce a facsimile of the oral structures present. Impressions may be made of a full …

dental index
Relation of the dental length (distance from the mesial surface of the first premolar to the distal surface of the third molar) to the basinasal (basion to nasion) length: (dental length &times;100)/basinasal length, a system of numbers for indicating comparative size of the teeth. ... Synonym: Flower's dental index. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental instruments
Hand-held tools or implements especially used by dental professionals for the performance of clinical tasks. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental jurisprudence
Synonym for forensic dentistry ... The application of dental knowledge to questions of law. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental lamina
dental ledge ...

dental lamina cyst
A small keratin-filled cyst, usually multiple, on the alveolar ridge of newborn infants; derived from remnants of the dental lamina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental leakage
The seepage of fluids, debris, and micro-organisms between the walls of a prepared dental cavity and the restoration. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental lever
Synonym for elevator ... One who, or that which, raises or lifts up anything; as: ... A mechanical contrivance, usually an endless belt or chain with a series of scoops or buckets, for transferring grain to an upper loft for storage. ... A cage or platform and the hoisting machinery in a hotel, warehouse, mine, etc, for conveying persons, goods, etc, …

dental lymph
Synonym for dentinal fluid ... The lymph or fluid of dentin. It is a transudate of extracellular fluid, mainly cytoplasm of odontoblastic processes, from the dental pulp via the dentinal tubules. It is also called dental lymph. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental material
Any material used in dentistry. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental materials
Materials used in the production of dental bases, restorations, impressions, prostheses, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental neck
Synonym for neck of tooth ... The slightly constricted part of a tooth, between the crown and the root. ... Synonym: cervix dentis, cervical margin of tooth, cervical zone of tooth, collum dentis, dental neck. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental nerve
<anatomy, nerve> Layperson's term for a dental pulp, branches of the inferior and superior alveolar nerves to the teeth. ... See: inferior alveolar nerve, superior alveolar nerves. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dental occlusion
The relationship of all the components of the masticatory system in normal function. It has special reference to the position and contact of the maxillary and mandibular teeth for the highest efficiency during the excursive movements of the jaw that are essential for mastication. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dental occlusion, balanced
Dental occlusion in which the occlusal contact of the teeth on the working side of the jaw is accompanied by the harmonious contact of the teeth on the opposite (balancing) side. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...