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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

diphenylenimine
Synonym for carbazole ... Reacts with carbohydrates (including uronates and deoxypentoses) giving colours characteristic of the sugar type; used for assay and analysis of carbohydrates and formaldehyde, and as a dye intermediate; sensitive to ultraviolet light. ... Synonym: 9-azafluorene, diphenylenimine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diphenylhexatriene
<chemical> 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene. A fluorescent compound that emits light only in specific configurations in certain lipid media. It is used as a tool in the study of membrane lipids. ... Pharmacological action: fluorescent dyes. ... Chemical name: Benzene, 1,1'-(1,3,5-hexatriene-1,6-diyl)bis- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diphenylhydantoin
See: phenytoin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diphenylhydantoin gingivitis
Gingivitis exacerbated by long-term therapy with diphenylhydantoin; the host response to bacterial plaque is characterised by marked hyperplasia of the fibrous connective tissue and, to a lesser degree, of the surface epithelium, resulting in gross enlargement of interdental papillae which may coalesce and obscure the clinical crowns of the teeth.< …

diphenylmethane dyes
Dye's in which the central carbon connecting two phenyl groups lacks an amino or imino group; the chromophore is the quinoid ring; an alternative formulation is as a ketonimide; the most common example is auramine O. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diphenylmethane laxatives
Members of a chemical class of laxative agents including phenolphthalein and bisacodyl. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diphenylpyraline hydrochloride
4-Diphenylmethoxy-1-methylpiperidine hydrochloride;an antihistaminic similar in action and use to diphenhydramine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diphosgene
ClCOOCCl3; Trichloromethyl chloroformate;a poison gas used in World War I; it is also slightly lacrimatoric. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diphosphates
Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid that contain two phosphate groups. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diphosphonates
Organic compounds which contain p-c-p bonds, where p stands for phosphonates or phosphonic acids. These compounds affect calcium metabolism. They inhibit ectopic calcification and slow down bone resorption and bone turnover. Technetium complexes of diphosphonates have been used successfully as bone scanning agents. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diphosphopyridine nucleotide
Synonym for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ... nAD ...

diphosphothiamin
Synonym for thiamin pyrophosphate ... The diphosphoric ester of thiamin, a coenzyme of several (de)carboxylases, transketolases, and alpha-oxoacid dehydrogenases. ... Synonym: aneurine pyrophosphate, cocarboxylase, diphosphothiamin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diphosphotransferases
<enzyme> A class of phosphotransferases that catalyses the transfer of diphosphate-containing groups. ... Registry number: EC 2.7.6 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diphtheria
<infectious disease> An acute infectious disease caused by toxigenic strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae, acquired by contact with an infected person or a carrier of the disease, which is usually confined to the upper respiratory tract. ... It is characterised by the formation of a tough membrane (false membrane or pseudomembrane) attached …

diphtheria antitoxin
An equine antitoxin against the toxin of corynebacterium diphtheriae, used for the treatment of diphtheria. It is to be differentiated from diphtheria toxoid which is used for the prevention of diphtheria. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diphtheria antitoxin unit
The antitoxin activity of 0.0628 mg standard diphtheria antitoxin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diphtheria toxin
<protein> An ab exotoxin (62 kD) coded by _ corynephage of virulent Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains (that can produce a repressor of toxin production). The B subunit binds to receptors on the surface of the target cell and facilitates the entry of the enzymically active A subunit (21 kD) that ADP ribosylates elongation factor 2, thereby h …

diphtheria toxoid
The formaldehyde-inactivated toxin of corynebacterium diphtheriae. It is generally used in mixtures with tetanus toxoid and pertussis vaccine (dtp) or with tetanus toxoid alone (dt for paediatric use and td, which contains 5- to 10-fold less diphtheria toxoid, for other use). Diphtheria toxoid is used for the prevention of diphtheria; diphtheria an …

diphtherial
Relating to diphtheria, or the membranous exudate characteristic of this disease. ... Synonym: diphtheric. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diphtheric
Synonym for diphtherial ... Relating to diphtheria, or the membranous exudate characteristic of this disease. ... Synonym: diphtheric. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diphtheritic conjunctivitis
A severe conjunctival inflammation caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae and characterised by an infiltrating membrane which on removal leaves a raw surface. ... Synonym: membranous conjunctivitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diphtheritic enteritis
Enteritis with the formation of a membrane or a false membrane. ... See: pseudomembranous enterocolitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diphtheritic membrane
The false membrane forming on the mucous surfaces in diphtheria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diphtheritic neuropathy
A rapidly developing peripheral neuropathy caused by a toxin elaborated by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diphtheritic paralysis
Synonym for postdiphtheritic paralysis ... <otolaryngology> Paralysis affecting the uvula most frequently, but also any other muscle, due to toxic neuritis; usually appears in the second or third week following the beginning of the attack of diphtheria. ... Synonym: diphtheritic paralysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diphtheritic ulcer
An ulcer covered with a gray adherent membrane, caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diphtheritis
Synonym for diphtheria ... <infectious disease> An acute infectious disease caused by toxigenic strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae, acquired by contact with an infected person or a carrier of the disease, which is usually confined to the upper respiratory tract. ... It is characterised by the formation of a tough membrane (false membrane or …

diphtheroid
1. One of a group of local infections suggesting diphtheria, but caused by microorganisms other than Corynebacterium diphtheriae. ... Synonym: Epstein's disease, false diphtheria, pseudodiphtheria. ... 2. Any microorganism resembling Corynebacterium diphtheriae. ... Origin: diphtheria + G. Eidos, resemblance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diphtherotoxin
The toxin of diphtheria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diphthine methyltransferase
<enzyme> Catalyses the transfer of three methyl groups from 5-adenosylmethionine to 2-(3-carboxy-3-aminopropyl)histidine (cg-1 precursor) to the amino group on carbon 3 of the side chain to form diphthine, a post-translational modified histidine ... Registry number: EC 2.1.1.- ... Synonym: met-ef-2 methyltransferase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

diphthong
Origin: L. Diphthongus, Gr.; = twice + voice, sound, fr. To utter a sound: cf. F. Diphthongue] A coalition or union of two vowel sounds pronounced in one syllable; as, ou in out, oi in noise; called a proper diphthong. ... A vowel digraph; a union of two vowels in the same syllable, only one of them being sounded; as, ai in rain, eo in people; calle …

diphyllobothriasis
An infection caused by the fish tapeworm, Diphyllobothrium latum, one of the giant tapeworm species. Humans may get infected after eating undercooked fish that contain tapeworm larvae. Fish tapeworms are more common in cold, fresh water lakes such as the Great Lakes area. The adult worm grows in the intestine to lengths up to 30 feet. Segments of t …

diphyllobothrium
A genus of tapeworm containing several species which occurs in the intestine of fish, birds, and mammals including man. Infection in humans is usually by eating uncooked fish. The larval stage is known as sparganum. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diphyllobothrium anaemia
A rare form of macrocytic anaemia associated with Diphyllobothrium latum infection, especially in Finland. ... Synonym: fish tapeworm anaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Diphyllobothrium cordatum
A species found in dogs, sea mammals, and occasionally man, in Greenland. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Diphyllobothrium latum
The broad or broad fish tapeworm, a species that causes diphyllobothriasis, found in man and fish-eating mammals in many parts of northern Europe, Japan and elsewhere in Asia, and in Scandinavian populations of the American north central states; it often has 3 or 4 thousand segments, broader than long; the head has typical bothria characteristic of …

Diphyllobothrium linguloides
Synonym for Spirometra mansoni ... A species of pseudophyllid tapeworms of wild and feral cats, the larval form of which (sparganum) may survive in human tissues; it has been commonly found in humans in the Orient, but is also reported from widely scattered areas elsewhere; infection of humans with the sparganum occurs from active migration of the l …

Diphyllobothrium mansoni
Synonym for Spirometra mansoni ... A species of pseudophyllid tapeworms of wild and feral cats, the larval form of which (sparganum) may survive in human tissues; it has been commonly found in humans in the Orient, but is also reported from widely scattered areas elsewhere; infection of humans with the sparganum occurs from active migration of the l …

Diphyllobothrium mansonoides
Synonym for Spirometra mansonoides ... A species of pseudophyllid tapeworms from North America, whose larva (sparganum) may be a cause of sparganosis of man in Florida and the Gulf States. ... Synonym: Diphyllobothrium mansonoides. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dipicolinic acid synthetase
<enzyme> Converts dihydrodipicolinate to dipicolinic acid; mechanism not known 9/93; amino acid sequence given in first source for bacillus subtilis enzyme; embl z22554 ... Registry number: EC 1.3.- ... Synonym: dipicolinate synthetase, spovf gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

dipiproverine
Alpha-Phenyl-1-piperidineacetic acid 2-piperidinoethyl ester;an intestinal antispasmodic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dipivefrin hydrochloride
Propanoic acid, 2,2-dimethyl-, 4-[1-hydroxy-2-methylamino)ethyl]-1,2-phenylene ester, hydrochloride, (&plusmn;)-;an adrenergic epinephrine prodrug used in drop form in initial therapy for control of intraocular pressure in chronic open-angle glaucoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplacusis
Abnormal perception of sound, either in time or in pitch, so that one sound is heard as two. ... Origin: G. Diplous, double, + akousis, a hearing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplacusis binauralis
A condition in which the same sound is heard differently by the two ears. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplacusis dysharmonica
A condition in which the same sound is heard with a different pitch in each ear. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplacusis echoica
A condition in which sound heard in the affected ear is repeated. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplacusis monauralis
A condition in which one sound is perceived as two in the same ear. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplecolobous
Of cotyledons in a seed: twice folded transversely. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

diplegia
Paralysis of corresponding parts on both sides of the body. ... Synonym: double hemiplegia. ... Origin: G. Di-, two, + plege, a stroke ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dipleidoscope
<astronomy, instrument> An instrument for determining the time of apparent noon. It consists of two mirrors and a plane glass disposed in the form of a prism, so that, by the reflections of the sun's rays from their surfaces, two images are presented to the eye, moving in opposite directions, and coinciding at the instant the sun's center is …

diplo-
Double, twofold. ... See: haplo-. ... Origin: G. Diploos, double ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diploalbuminuria
The coexistence of nephritic, or pathologic, and nonnephritic, or physiologic, albuminuria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplobacillus
Two rod-shaped bacterial cells linked end to end. ... Origin: diplo-+ bacillus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplobacteria
Bacterial cells linked together in pairs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diploblastic
Describes an animal which, as an embryo, had two distinct embryonic tissue layers - the ectoderm and endoderm. This is in contrast to animals which are triploblastic (has three distinct tissue layers) and those which do not have any distinct tissue layers as an embryo (nor organs and distinct tissues as an adult). Jellyfish and comb jellies are dip …

diplocardia
An anomaly in which the two lateral halves of the heart are separated to varying degrees by a central fissure. ... Origin: diplo-+ G. Kardia, heart ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplocephalus
Synonym for dicephalus ... Symmetrical conjoined twins with two separate heads. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Synonym: bicephalus, diplocephalus. ... Origin: G. Di-, two, + kephale, head ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplocheiria
Synonym: dicheiria. ... Origin: diplo-+ G. Cheir, hand ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplococcaemia
The presence of diplococci in the blood; used especially in referring to Neisseria meningitidis (meningococci) in circulating blood. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplococci
Plural of diplococcus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplococcin
An antibiotic crystalline substance isolated from cultures of lactic acid-producing cocci present in milk active against lactobacilli and certain Gram-positive cocci, but inactive against Gram-negative bacteria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplococcus
Bacterial strain in which two spherical cells (cocci) are joined to form a pair like a dumb bell or figure of eight. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

diplocoria
The occurrence of two pupils in the eye. ... Synonym: dicoria. ... Origin: diplo-+ G. Kore, pupil ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplogenesis
Production of a double foetus or of one with some parts doubled. ... Origin: diplo-+ G. Genesis, production ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Diplogonoporus
A genus of tapeworms found in Japan (Diplogonoporus grandis) and probably also in Rumania (Diplogonoporus brauni) [diplo-+ G. Gonos, seed, + poros, pore ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diploic canals
Channels in the diploe that accommodate the diploic veins. ... Synonym: canales diploici, Breschet's canals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diploic vein
<anatomy, vein> One of the veins in the diploe of the cranial bones, connected with the cerebral sinuses by emissary veins; the main diploic veins are the frontal, anterior temporal, posterior temporal, and occipital. ... Synonym: vena diploica, Breschet's vein, Dupuytren's canal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diploid
<cell biology, genetics> A cell with a full set of genetic material, consisting of chromosomes in homologous pairs and thus having two copies of each autosomal genetic locus. A diploid cell has one chromosome from each parental set. ... most animal cells have a diploid set of chromosomes. The diploid human genome has 46 chromosomes. ... The gam …

diploid nucleus
A nucleus containing the diploid or normal double complement of chromosomes for one somatic cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diploidy
The chromosomal constitution of somatic cells, in which each type of chromosome is represented twice. Symbol: 2n or 2x. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diplokaryon
A cell nucleus containing four haploid sets; i.e., a tetraploid nucleus. ... See: polyploidy. ... Origin: diplo-+ G. Karyon, nut (nucleus) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplomacy
1. The art and practice of conducting negotiations between nations (particularly in securing treaties), including the methods and forms usually employed. ... 2. Dexterity or skill in securing advantages; tact. ... 3. The body of ministers or envoys resident at a court; the diplomatic body. ... Origin: F. Diplomatie. This word, like supremacy, retains …

diplomatism
Synonym for diplomacy ... 1. The art and practice of conducting negotiations between nations (particularly in securing treaties), including the methods and forms usually employed. ... 2. Dexterity or skill in securing advantages; tact. ... 3. The body of ministers or envoys resident at a court; the diplomatic body. ... Origin: F. Diplomatie. This word, …

diplomelituria
The occurrence of diabetic and nondiabetic glycosuria in the same individual. ... Origin: diplo-+ G. Meli, honey, + ouron, urine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplomonadida
An order of protozoa characterised by the presence of one or two karyomastigonts and either two-fold rotational or mirror symmetry. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diplomyelia
<radiology> True duplication of spinal cord, two dural sacs, two pairs of anterior and posterior nerve roots, distinguish from diastematomyelia ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diplon
Synonym for deuteron ... <radiobiology> A deuterium ion, nucleus consisting of a proton and a neutron. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

diplonema
The doubled form of the chromosome strand visible at the diplotene stage of meiosis. ... Origin: diplo-+ G. Nema, thread ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diploneural
Supplied by two nerves from different sources, said of certain muscles. ... Origin: diplo-+ G. Neuron, nerve ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplopagus
General term for conjoined twins, each with fairly complete bodies, although one or more internal organs may be in common. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Origin: diplo-+ G. Pagos, something fixed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplopia
<ophthalmology, symptom> The perception of two images of a single object. ... Synonym: ambiopia, double vision, binocular polyopia. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

diplopodia
Duplication of digits of the foot. ... Origin: diplo-+ G. Pous, foot ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplopy
<medicine> The act or state of seeing double. ... In crossed or heteronymous diplopia the image seen by the right eye is upon the left hand, and that seen by the left eye is upon the right hand. In homonymous diplopia the image seen by the right eye is on the right side, that by the left eye on the left side. In vertical diplopia one image sta …

diplornavirus
<virology> Proposed family of all double stranded RNA viruses: considered taxonomically unsound by many virologists. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

diplosome
Paired allosomes; the pair of centrioles of mammalian cells. ... Synonym: paired allosome. ... Origin: diplo-+ G. Soma, body ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplosomia
Condition in which twins who seem functionally independent are joined at one or more points. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Origin: diplo-+ G. Soma, body ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diplotene
The final stage of the first prophase of meiosis. All four chromatids of a tetrad are fully visible and homologous chromosomes start to move away from one another except at chiasmata. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

diploteratology
The division of teratology concerned with conjoined twins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dipnoi
<zoology> A group of ganoid fishes, including the living genera Ceratodus and Lepidosiren, which present the closest approximation to the Amphibia. The air bladder acts as a lung, and the nostrils open inside the mouth. See Ceratodus, and Illustration in Appendix. ... Origin: NL, fr. Gr. With two breathing apertures; = twice + breath. ... Sourc …

dipodia
1. A developmental anomaly involving complete or incomplete duplication of a foot. ... 2. In conjoined twins and sirenomelia, a degree of fusion leaving two feet evident. ... Origin: G. Di-, two, + pous (pod-), foot ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dipodomys
A genus of the family heteromyidae which contains 22 species. Their physiology is adapted for the conservation of water, and they seldom drink water. They are found in arid or desert habitats and travel by hopping on their hind limbs. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dipolar buffer
Synonym for zwitterionic buffer ... Buffer whose structure can include opposite charges. ... Synonym: dipolar buffer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dipolar ions
Ion's possessing both a negative charge and a positive charge, each localised at a different point in the molecule, which thus has both positive and negative 'poles'; amino acids are the most notable dipolar ion's, containing a positively charged NH3+ group and a negatively charged COO- group at neutral pH. ... Synonym: amphions, zwitterions. ... (05 …

dipole
A molecule that has both negative and positive charges. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

dipole theory
A theory in which the activation current of the heart is conceived as a single net moving dipole, the positive pole leading. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dipotassium phosphate
Synonym for potassium phosphate ... K2HPO4;a mild saline cathartic and diuretic. ... Synonym: dibasic potassium phosphate, dipotassium phosphate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dipper
1. One who, or that which, dips; especially, a vessel used to dip water or other liquid; a ladle. ... 2. <zoology> A small grebe; the dabchick. The buffel duck. ... The water ouzel (Cinolus aquaticus) of Europe. ... The American dipper or ouzel (Cinclus Mexicanus). ... <astronomy> The Dipper, the seven principal stars in the constellation o …

dipping
1. The act or process of immersing. ... 2. The act of inclining downward. ... 3. The act of lifting or moving a liquid with a dipper, ladle, or the like. ... 4. The process of cleaning or brightening sheet metal or metalware, especially. Brass, by dipping it in acids, etc. ... 5. The practice of taking snuff by rubbing the teeth or gums with a stick or …

diprenorphine
<chemical> 21-cyclopropyl-6,7,8,14-tetrahydro-7 alpha-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-6,14-endo-ethanooripavine. A narcotic antagonist similar in action to naloxone. It is used to remobilise animals after etorphine neuroleptanalgesia and is considered a specific antagonist to etorphine. ... Pharmacological action: narcotic antagonists. ... Chemical n …

dipropyltryptamine
N,N-Dipropyltryptamine;a hallucinogenic agent similar to dimethyltryptamine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...