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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

diskectomy
<procedure> Excision, in part or whole, of an intervertebral disk. The most common indication is disk displacement or herniation. In addition to standard surgical removal, it can be performed by percutaneous diskectomy (diskectomy, percutaneous) or by laparoscopic diskectomy, the former being the more common. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

diskectomy, percutaneous
Percutaneous excision of a herniated or displaced intervertebral disk by posterolateral approach, always remaining outside the spinal canal. Percutaneous nucleotomy was first described by hijikata in japan in 1975. In 1985 onik introduced automated percutaneous nucleotomy which consists in percutaneous aspiration of the nucleus pulposus. It is carr …

diskitis
<pathology> This is a condition where there inflammation of the intervertebral disk space due to infection with viruses or the bacteria Staphylococcus. Diskitis is usually seen in children under the age of 10. The thoracic and lumbar spine are the most commonly affected. ... Symptoms include spine pain (back pain), fever, stiffness and in some …

diskogram
The graphic record, usually radiographic, of diskography. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

diskography
Radiographic demonstration of intervertebral disk by injection of contrast media into the nucleus pulposus. ... Origin: disco-+ G. Grapho, to write ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dislike
1. To regard with dislike or aversion; to disapprove; to disrelish. 'Every nation dislikes an impost.' (Johnson) ... 2. To awaken dislike in; to displease. 'Disliking countenance.' . 'It dislikes me.' ... 3. A feeling of positive and usually permanent aversion to something unpleasant, uncongenial, or offensive; disapprobation; repugnance; displeasure …

dislocate
To luxate; to put out of joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dislocatio
Synonym for dislocation ... <orthopaedics> The displacement of any part, more especially of a bone. ... Synonym: luxation. ... Origin: L. Locare = to place ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

dislocatio erecta
A subglenoid dislocation of the shoulder in which, when the arm is held vertically with the hand on top of the head, the head of the humerus is inferiorly placed. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dislocation
<orthopaedics> The displacement of any part, more especially of a bone. ... Synonym: luxation. ... Origin: L. Locare = to place ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

dislocation fracture
A fracture of a bone near an articulation with its concomitant dislocation from that joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dislocation of articular processes
Complete dislocation of one or both articular processes, usually with overriding of the inferior articular process of the vertebra above into a position anterior to the superior articular process of the vertebra below. ... Synonym: locked facets. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dislocation of lens
Synonym for ectopia lentis ... Congenital displacement of the lens resulting from defective zonule formation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dismay
1. To disable with alarm or apprehensions; to depress the spirits or courage of; to deprive or firmness and energy through fear; to daunt; to appall; to terrify. 'Be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed.' (Josh. I. 9) 'What words be these? What fears do you dismay?' (Fairfax) ... 2. To render lifeless; to subdue; to disquiet. 'Do not dismay yourself …

dismember
To amputate an arm or leg. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dismount
1. To throw or bring down from an elevation, place of honor and authority, or the like. 'Dismounted from his authority.' (Barrow) ... 2. To throw or remove from a horse; to unhorse; as, the soldier dismounted his adversary. ... 3. <mechanics> To take down, or apart, as a machine. ... 4. To throw or remove from the carriage, or from that on which …

dismutase
Generic name for enzymes catalyzing the reaction of two identical molecules to produce two molecules in differing states of oxidation (e.g., superoxide dismutase) or of phosphorylation (e.g., glucose 1-phosphate phosphodismutase). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dismutation
A reaction involving a single substance but producing two products; e.g., two molecules of acetaldehyde may react, producing an oxidation product (acetic acid) and a reduction product (ethyl alcohol). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

disobliteration
Opening of a pathologically closed channel. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

disofenin
Synonym for diisopropyl iminodiacetic acid ... A radiopharmaceutical labelled with 99mTc, used for cholescintigraphy. ... Synonym: disofenin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

disomic
Relating to disomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

disomy
1. The state of an individual or cell having two members of a pair of homologous chromosomes; the normal state in humans, in contrast to monosomy and trisomy. ... 2. An abnormal chromosome represented twice in a single cell. ... Origin: G. Dis, two, + soma, body ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

disopromine
Synonym for diisopromine ... N,N-diisopropyl-3,3-diphenylpropylamine;a cholagogue. ... Synonym: disopromine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

disopyramide
<chemical> Alpha-(2-(bis(l-methylethyl)amino)ethyl)-alpha-phenyl-2-pyridine acetamide. A class I anti-arrhythmic agent (one that interferes directly with the depolarisation of the cardiac membrane and thus serves as a membrane-stabilizing agent) with a depressant action on the heart similar to that of guanidine. It also possesses some anticho …

disorder
1. Want of order or regular disposition; lack of arrangement; confusion; disarray; as, the troops were thrown into disorder; the papers are in disorder. ... 2. Neglect of order or system; irregularity. 'From vulgar bounds with brave disorder part, And snatch a grace beyond the reach of art.' (Pope) ... 3. Breach of public order; disturbance of the pe …

disorders, myeloproliferative
Tumours of certain bone marrow cells including those that give rise to red cells, granulocytes, and platelets. As opposed to the lymphoproliferative disorders. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

disorganised schizophrenia
A severe form of schizophrenia characterised by the predominance of incoherence, blunted, inappropriate or silly affect, and the absence of systematised delusions. ... Synonym: hebephrenic schizophrenia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

disorganization
Destruction of an organ or tissue with consequent loss of function. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

disorientation
The loss of proper bearings or a state of mental confusion as to time, place or identity. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

disparity
The condition of being disparate. ... Origin: L. Dispar, dissimilar ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

disparity angle
The difference in position of images on the retina, still permitting fusion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dispase
<enzyme> From bacillus polymyxa; dispase II is specific for leu-phe bonds ... Registry number: EC 3.4.99.- ... Synonym: bacterial neutral protease, dispase II, dispase i ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

dispatch
1. The act of sending a message or messenger in haste or on important business. ... 2. Any sending away; dismissal; riddance. 'To the utter dispatch of all their most beloved comforts.' (Milton) ... 3. The finishing up of a business; speedy performance, as of business; prompt execution; diligence; haste. 'Serious business, craving quick dispatch.' (S …

dispensation
1. The act of dispensing or dealing out; distribution; often used of the distribution of good and evil by God to man, or more generically, of the acts and modes of his administration. 'To respect the dispensations of Providence.' (Burke) ... 2. That which is dispensed, dealt out, or appointed; that which is enjoined or bestowed; especially, a system …

Dispensatory
A work originally intended as a commentary on the Pharmacopeia, but now more of a supplement to that work, which contains an account of the sources, mode of preparation, physiologic action, and therapeutic uses of most of the agents, official and nonofficial; used in the treatment of disease. ... Origin: L. Dispensator, a manager, steward; see dispe …

dispense
1. To deal out in portions; to distribute; to give; as, the steward dispenses provisions according directions; Nature dispenses her bounties; to dispense medicines. 'He is delighted to dispense a share of it to all the company.' (Sir W. Scott) ... 2. To apply, as laws to particular cases; to administer; to execute; to manage; to direct. 'While you d …

dispensing tablet
A tablet prepared by molding or by compression; used by the dispensing pharmacist to obtain certain potent substances in a convenient form for accurate compounding. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dispermy
Entrance of two spermatozoa into one ovum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dispersal
Synonym for dispersion ... <microscopy> The variation of refractive index with colour (or wave-length) of light. The spreading of white light into its component colours when passing through a glass prism is due to dispersion which, in turn, is due to the fact that the refractive index of transparent substances is lower for long wavelengths tha …

dispersal habitat
Forest vegetation with at least 40% canopy closure and an average stand diameter of 11'. These stands are used by the owls to disperse or move from one area of nesting or foraging habitat to another. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

disperse
To dissipate, to cause disappearance of, to scatter, to dilute. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

disperse placenta
A placenta in which the umbilical arteries divide dichotomously before entering the placental substance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dispersed phase
Synonym for internal phase ... The particles contained in a colloid solution. ... Synonym: discontinuous phase, dispersed phase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dispersing electrode
Synonym for indifferent electrode ... In unipolar electrocardiography, a remote electrode placed either upon a single limb or connected with the central terminal and paired with an exploring electrode; the indifferent electrode is supposed to contribute little or nothing to the resulting record. ... Synonym: dispersing electrode, silent electrode. …

dispersion
<microscopy> The variation of refractive index with colour (or wave-length) of light. The spreading of white light into its component colours when passing through a glass prism is due to dispersion which, in turn, is due to the fact that the refractive index of transparent substances is lower for long wavelengths than for-short wavelengths. A …

dispersion colloid
Synonym for dispersoid ... A colloidal solution in which the dispersed phase can be concentrated by centrifugation. ... Synonym: dispersion colloid, molecular dispersed solution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dispersion force
Forces of attraction between atoms or nonpolar molecules that result from the formation of induced dipoles. Sometimes referred to as London dispersion forces. Important in the DLVO theory of colloid flocculation and thus in theories of cell adhesion. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

dispersion medium
Synonym for external phase ... The medium or fluid in which a disperse is suspended. ... Synonym: continuous phase, dispersion medium, dispersion phase, external medium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dispersion phase
Synonym for external phase ... The medium or fluid in which a disperse is suspended. ... Synonym: continuous phase, dispersion medium, dispersion phase, external medium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dispersion relation
<radiobiology> For a given wave, the dispersion relation relates the temporal frequency of a wave (w, or omega) to its wavenumber k and other physical quantities characteristic of the system. Dispersion relations can be quite simple (for example, w = k c for light, c being the speed of light), and they can also be quite complex, with interest …

dispersion staining
<microscopy> A procedure involving central or annular stops in the objective back focal plane to induce coloured images of transparent particles mounted in liquids with indices matching the particle at a wavelength in the visible. The particle and liquid should possess very different dispersion curves for best colours. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

dispersity
The extent to which the dimensions of particles have been reduced in colloid formation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dispersoid
A colloidal solution in which the dispersed phase can be concentrated by centrifugation. ... Synonym: dispersion colloid, molecular dispersed solution. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dispireme
The double chromatin skein in the telophase of mitosis. ... Origin: G. Di-, twice, + speirema, coil, convolution ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dispirit
1. To deprive of cheerful spirits; to depress the spirits of; to dishearten; to discourage. 'Not dispirited with my afflictions.' (Dryden) 'He has dispirited himself by a debauch.' (Collier) ... 2. To distill or infuse the spirit of. 'This makes a man master of his learning, and dispirits the book into the scholar.' (Fuller) ... Synonym: To dishearte …

displaceability
The capability of, or susceptibility to, displacement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

displacement
1. The act of displacing, or the state of being displaced; a putting out of place. The quantity of anything, as water, displaced by a floating body, as by a ship, the weight of the displaced liquid being equal to that of the displacing body. ... 2. <psychology> The process by which an emotional or behavioural response that is appropriate for o …

displacement analysis
Synonym for competitive binding assay ... General term for an assay in which a binder competes for labelled versus unlabelled ligand; following separation of free and bound ligand, the ligand (the analyte assayed) is quantitated by relating bound and unbound ratios to known standards. ... See: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, radioreceptor assay, i …

displacement loop
Synonym for d loop ... <molecular biology> A structure that can sometimes be seen on DNA which forms when a small area of the double-stranded molecule comes apart and becomes two single strands. ... The result is a structure shaped like the letter D. Single-stranded binding proteins are usually present to hold the strands apart for the purpose …

displacement threshold
The least distinguishable break in the contour of a line. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

displacements per atom
(dpa) This is a measure of the amount of radiation damage in neutron-irradiated materials, for example, 10 dpa means each atom in the material has been displaced from its site within the structural lattice of the material an average of 10 times (due to interactions between the atoms and the energetic neutrons irradiating the material.) ... (09 Oct 1 …

displant
1. To remove (what is planted or fixed); to unsettle and take away; to displace; to root out; as, to displant inhabitants. ... 2. To strip of what is planted or settled; as, to displant a country of inhabitants. ... Origin: OF. Desplanter, F. Deplanter. ... (27 Oct 1998) ...

displantation
The act of displanting; removal; displacement. ... (27 Oct 1998) ...

display
1. To unfold; to spread wide; to expand; to stretch out; to spread. 'The northern wind his wings did broad display.' (Spenser) ... 2. To extend the front of (a column), bringing it into line. ... 3. To spread before the view; to show; to exhibit to the sight, or to the mind; to make manifest. 'His statement . . . Displays very clearly the actual cond …

disposable equipment
Apparatus, devices, or supplies intended for one-time or temporary use. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

disposition
A tendency either physical or mental toward certain diseases. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

disproportionate dwarfism
Dwarfism in which the limbs and trunk are not of proportional length for age or stage of development. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

disproportionating enzyme
Synonym for 4-alpha-d-glucanotransferase ... Dextrin transglycosylase or glycosyltransferase;a 4-glycosyltransferase converting maltodextrins into amylose and glucose by transferring parts of 1,4-glucan chains to new 4-positions on glucose or other 1,4-glucans. ... Synonym: amylomaltase, D enzyme, dextrin glycosyltransferase, dextrin transglycosylase …

disproportionation
<chemistry> The splitting of a chemical compound into two new compounds, one more oxidized and one more reduced than the original compound. ... (11 Jan 1998) ...

disruption
<radiobiology> Plasma instabilities (usually oscillatory modes) sometimes grow and cause disruptions of the carefully-engineered plasma conditions in the reactor. Major disruptions can cause an abrupt temperature drop and the termination of the plasma. ... Stored energy in the plasma is rapidly dumped into the rest of the plasma system (vacuum …

disruption sequence
The events that occur when a foetus that is developing normally is subjected to a destructive agent such as the rubella (German measles) virus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

disruptive instability
<radiobiology> Instability which causes a disruption. ... See: disruption. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Disse Joseph
<person> German anatomist. ... Space of Disse - perisinusoidal space in the liver circulatory system. ... Lived: 1852-1912. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

Disse, Josef
<person> German anatomist, 1852-1912. ... See: Disse's space. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Disse's space
Synonym for perisinusoidal space ... The potential extravascular space between the liver sinusoids and liver parenchymal cells. ... Synonym: Disse's space. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dissect
1. <anatomy> To divide into separate parts; to cut in pieces; to separate and expose the parts of, as an animal or a plant, for examination and to show their structure and relations; to anatomize. ... 2. To analyze, for the purposes of science or criticism; to divide and examine minutely. 'This paragraph . . . I have dissected for a sample.' ( …

dissecting
1. Dividing or separating the parts of an animal or vegetable body; as, a dissecting aneurism, one which makes its way between or within the coats of an artery. ... 2. Of or pertaining to, or received during, a dissection; as, a dissecting wound. ... 3. Used for or in dissecting; as, a dissecting knife; a dissecting microscope. ... Source: Websters Di …

dissecting aneurysm
Splitting or dissection of an arterial wall by blood entering through an intimal tear or by interstitial haemorrhage; more common in the aorta, for example, with an intimal tear near the aortic valve (Type I) or subclavian artery and distal dissection of the media for a variable distance, frequently rupturing through the outer wall. ... (05 Mar 2000 …

dissecting cellulitis
perifolliculitis abscedens et suffodiens ...

dissecting thoracic aneurysm
<surgery> A condition in which a weakened portion of the thoracic aorta begins to tear along the longitudinal axis of the vessel. ... Symptoms include sudden, severe chest pain that may radiate to the back accompanied by nausea, sweating and difficulty breathing. ... A common risk factor for this event is atherosclerotic vascular disease and-or …

dissecting thoracic aorta
Synonym for dissecting thoracic aneurysm ... <surgery> A condition in which a weakened portion of the thoracic aorta begins to tear along the longitudinal axis of the vessel. ... Symptoms include sudden, severe chest pain that may radiate to the back accompanied by nausea, sweating and difficulty breathing. ... A common risk factor for this even …

dissection
1. The act of dissecting an animal or plant; as, dissection of the human body was held sacrilege till the time of Francis I. ... 2. The act of separating or dividing for the purpose of critical examination. ... 3. Anything dissected; especially, some part, or the whole, of an animal or plant dissected so as to exhibit the structure; an anatomical so …

dissection tubercle
Dorsal tubercle of radius, a small prominence on the dorsal aspect of the distal end of the radius lateral to the groove for the extensor pollicis longus tendon; it serves as a trochlea or pulley for the tendon. ... Synonym: tuberculum dorsale, Lister's tubercle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dissemble
1. To hide under a false semblance or seeming; to feign (something) not to be what it really is; to put an untrue appearance upon; to disguise; to mask. 'Dissemble all your griefs and discontents.' (Shak) 'Perhaps it was right to dissemble your love, But why did you kick me down stairs?' (J. P. Kemble) ... 2. To put on the semblance of; to make pret …

dissembler
One who dissembles; one who conceals his opinions or dispositions under a false appearance; a hypocrite. 'It is the weakest sort of politicians that are the greatest dissemblers.' (Bacon) 'Priests, princes, women, no dissemblers here.' (Pope) ... Synonym: Dissembler, Hypocrite. ... A person is called a dissembler with reference to his concealment of …

disseminate
To scatter or distribute over a considerable area. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

disseminate coccidioidomycosis
A severe, chronic, and progressive form of coccidioidomycosis resulting from rapid dissemination of endospores from the primary site of infection, or from reinfection in a previously sensitised patient, with widespread involvement of the central nervous system, bones, skin, and viscera. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

disseminated
Scattered, distributed over a considerable area. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

disseminated choroiditis
Chronic inflammation of the choroid, with multiple isolated foci. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

disseminated cutaneous gangrene
Synonym for dermatitis gangrenosa infantum ... A bullous or pustular eruption, of uncertain origin, followed by necrotic ulcers or extensive gangrene in children under 2 years of age; if untreated, death may result from haematogenous infection, such as liver abscess. ... Synonym: disseminated cutaneous gangrene, ecthyma gangrenosum, pemphigus gangren …

disseminated disease
Disease in which the cancerous cells have spread from the tissue of origin to other organs. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

disseminated gonococcal infection
Infection from Neisseria gonorrhoea which is spread to distant parts of the body beyond the original portal of entry (usually the lower genital tract). Usually manifest by rash and arthritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

disseminated lupus erythematosus
Synonym for systemic lupus erythematosus ... <immunology, nephrology, rheumatology> A disease of humans, probably autoimmune with antinuclear and other antibodies in plasma. ... Immune complex deposition in the glomerular capillaries is a particular problem. ... Acronym: SLE ... (19 Jan 1998) ...

disseminated sclerosis
Synonym for multiple sclerosis ... <neurology> Neurodegenerative disease characterised by the gradual accumulation of focal plaques of demyelination particularly in the periventricular areas of the brain. Peripheral nerves are not affected. Onset usually in 3rd or 4th decade with intermittent progression over an extended period. Cause still un …

disseminated tuberculosis
<microbiology> Usually a chronic tuberculosis infection where spread of the original primary infection has occurred via the patients lymphatic system (or bloodstream). ... Disseminated disease occurs primarily in the immunocompromised individual (for example AIDS, cancer patient). The elderly are at increased risk for dissemination. ... In diss …

dissension
Disagreement in opinion, usually of a violent character, producing warm debates or angry words; contention in words; partisan and contentious divisions; breach of friendship and union; strife; discord; quarrel. 'Paul and Barnabas had no small dissension and disputation with them.' (Acts xv. 2) 'Debates, dissension, uproars are thy joy.' (Dryden) 'A …

dissent
1. To differ in opinion; to be of unlike or contrary sentiment; to disagree; followed by from. 'The bill passed . . . Without a dissenting voice.' (Hallam) 'Opinions in which multitudes of men dissent from us.' (Addison) ... 2. To differ from an established church in regard to doctrines, rites, or government. ... 3. To differ; to be of a contrary nat …

dissenter
1. One who dissents; one who differs in opinion, or declares his disagreement. ... 2. One who separates from the service and worship of an established church; especially, one who disputes the authority or tenets of the Church of England; a nonconformist. 'Dissenters from the establishment of their several countries.' (Burke) 'Robert Brown is said to …

dissepiment
<plant biology> A partition (septum) within an ovary or fruit, derived by fusion of adjacent carpels. ... (11 Jan 1998) ...

dissimilation
Synonym: disassimilation. ... Synonym: catabolism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...