Crowflower Crow"flow`er noun (Botany) A kind of campion; according to Gerarde, the Lychnis Flos-cuculi .

Crowfoot Crow"foot` noun 1. (Botany) The genus Ranunculus , of many species; some are common weeds, others are flowering plants of considerable beauty.

2. (Nautical) A number of small cords rove through a long block, or euphroe, to suspend an awning by.

3. (Mil.) A caltrop. [ Written also crow's-foot .]

4. (Well Boring) A tool with a side claw for recovering broken rods, etc. Raymond.

Crowkeeper Crow"keep`er noun A person employed to scare off crows; hence, a scarecrow. [ Obsolete]

Scaring the ladies like a crowkeeper .
Shak.

Crown Crown (kr?n), past participle of Crow . [ Obsolete]

Crown Crown (kroun) noun [ Middle English corone , coroun , crune , croun , Old French corone , corune , F. couronne , from Latin corona crown, wreath; akin to Greek korw`nh anything curved, crown; confer also Latin curvus curved, English curve , curb , Gael. cruinn round, W. crwn . Confer Cornice , Corona , Coroner , Coronet .] 1. A wreath or garland, or any ornamental fillet encircling the head, especially as a reward of victory or mark of honorable distinction; hence, anything given on account of, or obtained by, faithful or successful effort; a reward. "An olive branch and laurel crown ." Shak.

They do it to obtain a corruptible crown ; but we an incorruptible.
1 Cor. ix. 25.

Be thou faithful unto death, and I will give thee a crown of life.
Rev. ii. 10.

2. A royal headdress or cap of sovereignty, worn by emperors, kings, princes, etc.

» Nobles wear coronets ; the triple crown of the pope is usually called a tiara . The crown of England is a circle of gold with crosses, fleurs-de-lis, and imperial arches, inclosing a crimson velvet cap, and ornamented with thousands of diamonds and precious stones.

3. The person entitled to wear a regal or imperial crown; the sovereign; -- with the definite article.

Parliament may be dissolved by the demise of the crown .
Blackstone.

Large arrears of pay were due to the civil and military servants of the crown .
Macaulay.

4. Imperial or regal power or dominion; sovereignty.

There is a power behind the crown greater than the crown itself.
Junius.

5. Anything which imparts beauty, splendor, honor, dignity, or finish.

The hoary head is a crown of glory, if it be found in the way of righteousness.
Prov. xvi. 31.

A virtuous woman is a crown to her husband.
Prov. xvi. 4.

6. Highest state; acme; consummation; perfection.

Mutual love, the crown of all our bliss.
Milton.

7. The topmost part of anything; the summit.

The steepy crown of the bare mountains.
Dryden.

8. The topmost part of the head (see Illust. of Bird .); that part of the head from which the hair descends toward the sides and back; also, the head or brain.

From toe to crown he'll fill our skin with pinches.
Shak.

Twenty things which I set down:
This done, I twenty more-had in my crown .
Bunyan.

9. The part of a hat above the brim.

10. (Anat.) The part of a tooth which projects above the gum; also, the top or grinding surface of a tooth.

11. (Architecture) The vertex or top of an arch; -- applied generally to about one third of the curve, but in a pointed arch to the apex only.

12. (Botany) Same as Corona .

13. (Nautical) (a) That part of an anchor where the arms are joined to the shank. (b) The rounding, or rounded part, of the deck from a level line. (c) plural The bights formed by the several turns of a cable. Totten.

14. The upper range of facets in a rose diamond.

15. The dome of a furnace.

16. (Geom.) The area inclosed between two concentric perimeters.

17. (Eccl.) A round spot shaved clean on the top of the head, as a mark of the clerical state; the tonsure.

18. A size of writing paper. See under Paper .

19. A coin stamped with the image of a crown; hence,a denomination of money; as, the English crown , a silver coin of the value of five shillings sterling, or a little more than $1.20; the Danish or Norwegian crown , a money of account, etc., worth nearly twenty-seven cents.

20. An ornaments or decoration representing a crown; as, the paper is stamped with a crown .

Crown of aberration (Astron.) , a spurious circle around the true circle of the sun. -- Crown antler (Zoology) , the topmost branch or tine of an antler; also, an antler having a cuplike top, with tines springing from the rim. -- Crown bar , one of the bars which support the crown sheet of steam-boiler furnace. -- Crown glass . See under Glass . -- Crown imperial . (Botany) See in the Vocabulary. -- Crown jewels , the jewels appertaining to the sovereign while wearing the crown. [ Eng.] "She pawned and set to sale the crown jewels ." Milton. -- Crown land , land belonging to the crown, that is, to the sovereign. -- Crown law , the law which governs criminal prosecutions. [ Eng.] -- Crown lawyer , one employed by the crown, as in criminal cases. [ Eng.] -- Crown octavo . See under Paper . -- Crown office . See in the Vocabulary. -- Crown paper . See under Paper . -- Crown piece . See in the Vocabulary. -- Crown Prince , the heir apparent to a crown or throne. -- Crown saw . See in the Vocabulary. -- Crown scab (Far.) , a cancerous sore formed round the corners of a horse's hoof. -- Crown sheet , the flat plate which forms the top of the furnace or fire box of an internally fired steam boiler. -- Crown shell . (Zoology) See Acorn-shell . -- Crown side . See Crown office . -- Crown tax (Eccl. Hist.) , a golden crown, or its value, which was required annually from the Jews by the king of Syria, in the time of the Maccabees. 1 Macc. x. 20. -- Crown wheel . See in the Vocabulary. -- Crown work . See in the Vocabulary. -- Pleas of the crown (Engl. law) , criminal actions.

Crown Crown (kroun) transitive verb [ imperfect & past participle Crowned (kround); present participle & verbal noun Crowning .] [ Middle English coronen , corunen , crunien , crounien , Old French coroner , F. couronner , from Latin coronare , from corona a crown. See Crown , noun ] 1. To cover, decorate, or invest with a crown; hence, to invest with royal dignity and power.

Her who fairest does appear,
Crown her queen of all the year.
Dryden.

Crown him, and say, "Long live our emperor."
Shak.

2. To bestow something upon as a mark of honor, dignity, or recompense; to adorn; to dignify.

Thou . . . hast crowned him with glory and honor.
Ps. viii. 5.

3. To form the topmost or finishing part of; to complete; to consummate; to perfect.

Amidst the grove that crowns yon tufted hill.
Byron.

One day shall crown the alliance.
Shak.

To crown the whole, came a proposition.
Motley.

4. (Mech.) To cause to round upward; to make anything higher at the middle than at the edges, as the face of a machine pulley.

5. (Mil.) To effect a lodgment upon, as upon the crest of the glacis, or the summit of the breach.

To crown a knot (Nautical) , to lay the ends of the strands over and under each other.

Crown colony Crown colony A colony of the British Empire not having an elective magistracy or a parliament, but governed by a chief magistrate (called Governor) appointed by the Crown, with executive councilors nominated by him and not elected by the people.

Crown office Crown" of`fice (?f`f?s; 115). (Eng. Law) The criminal branch of the Court of King's or Queen's Bench, commonly called the crown side of the court, which takes cognizance of all criminal cases. Burrill.

Crown side Crown" side` (s?d`). See Crown office .

Crown wheel Crown" wheel` (hw?l`). [ Named from its resemblance to a crown .] (Machinery) A wheel with cogs or teeth set at right angles to its plane; -- called also a contrate wheel or face wheel .

Crown-imperial Crown"-im·pe"ri·al noun (Botany) A spring-blooming plant ( Fritillaria imperialis ) of the Lily family, having at the top of the stalk a cluster of pendent bell-shaped flowers surmounted with a tuft of green leaves.

Crown-post Crown"-post` noun Same as King-post .

Crown-saw Crown"-saw` noun [ From its supposed resemblance to a crown .] (Mech.) A saw in the form of a hollow cylinder, with teeth on the end or edge, and operated by a rotative motion.

» The trephine was the first of the class of crownsaws. Knight.

Crowned Crowned (kround) past participle & adjective 1. Having or wearing a crown; surmounted, invested, or adorned, with a crown, wreath, garland, etc.; honored; rewarded; completed; consummated; perfected. " Crowned with one crest." Shak. " Crowned with conquest." Milton.

With surpassing glory crowned .
Milton.

2. Great; excessive; supreme. [ Obsolete] Chaucer.

Crowner Crown"er noun 1. One who, or that which, crowns. Beau. & FL.

2. [ Confer Coroner .] A coroner. [ Prov. Eng. or Scot.]

Crownet Crown"et noun [ See Crown , Coronet .]

1. A coronet. [ R.] P. Whitehead.

2. The ultimate end and result of an undertaking; a chief end. [ Obsolete]

O this false soul of Egypt! this grave charm . . . .
Whose bosom was my crownet , my chief end.
Shak.

Crownland Crown"land` noun [ German kronland .] In Austria-Hungary, one of the provinces, or largest administrative divisions of the monarchy; as, the crownland of Lower Austria.

Crownless Crown"less adjective Without a crown.

Crownlet Crown"let noun A coronet. [ Poetic] Sir W. Scott.

Crownpiece Crown"piece` noun (a) A piece or part which passes over the head, as in a bridle. (b) A coin [ In sense (b) properly crown piece .] See Crown , 19.

Crownwork Crown"work` noun (Fort.) A work consisting of two or more bastioned fronts, with their outworks, covering an enceinte, a bridgehead, etc., and connected by wings with the main work or the river bank.

Crows Crows noun plural ; sing. Crow . (Ethnol.) A tribe of Indians of the Dakota stock, living in Montana; -- also called Upsarokas .

Crowstep Crow"step` noun (Architecture) See Corriestep .

Crowstone Crow"stone` noun (Architecture) The top stone of the gable end of a house. Halliwell.

Crowth Crowth (krouth) noun An ancient musical instrument. See 4th Crowd .

Crowtoe Crow"toe` (krō"tō`) noun (Botany) 1. The Lotus corniculatus . Dr. Prior.

2. An unidentified plant, probably the crowfoot. "The tufted crowtoe ." Milton.

Croydon Croy"don noun [ From Croydon , England.] 1. A kind of carriage like a gig, orig. of wicker-work.

2. A kind of cotton sheeting; also, a calico.

Croylstone Croyl"stone` (kroil"stōn`) noun (Min.) Crystallized cawk, in which the crystals are small.

Croys Croys (krois) noun See Cross , noun [ Obsolete] Chaucer.

Croze Croze noun [ Confer Cross , and Crosier .] A cooper's tool for making the grooves for the heads of casks, etc.; also, the groove itself.

Crozier Cro"zier noun See Crosier .

Croziered Cro"ziered adjective Crosiered.

Crucial Cru"cial adjective [ French crucial , from Latin crux , crucis , cross, torture. See Cross .] 1. Having the form of a cross; appertaining to a cross; cruciform; intersecting; as, crucial ligaments; a crucial incision.

2. Severe; trying or searching, as if bringing to the cross; decisive; as, a crucial test.

Crucian carp Cru"cian carp` (-sh a n k?rp`). [ Confer Swedish karussa , German karausche , F. carousse , - assin , corassin , Late Latin coracinus , Greek ............... a sort of fish.] (Zoology) A kind of European carp ( Carasius vulgaris ), inferior to the common carp; -- called also German carp .

» The gibel or Prussian carp is now generally considered a variety of the crucian carp, or perhaps a hybrid between it and the common carp.

Cruciate Cru"ci·ate adjective [ Latin cruciatus , past participle of cruciare to crucify, torture, from crux , crucis , a cross. See Cross .] 1. Tormented. [ Obsolete] Bale.

2. (Botany) Having the leaves or petals arranged in the form of a cross; cruciform.

Cruciate Cru"ci·ate transitive verb To torture; to torment. [ Obsolete] See Excruciate . Bale.

Cruciation Cru`ci·a"tion noun [ Late Latin cruciatio .] The act of torturing; torture; torment. [ Obsolete] Bp. Hall.

Crucible Cru"ci·ble (kru"sĭ*b'l) noun [ Late Latin crucibulum a hanging lamp, an earthen pot for melting metals (cf. Old French croisel , creuseul , sort of lamp, crucible, French creuset crucible), probably of German origin; confer Old High German krūsul , LG. krüsel , hanging lamp, kroos , kruus , mug, jug, jar, Dutch kroes cup, crucible, Dan. kruus , Swedish krus , E. cruse . It was confused with derivatives of Latin crux cross (cf. Crosslet ), and crucibles were said to have been marked with a cross, to prevent the devil from marring the chemical operation. See Cruse , and confer Cresset .] 1. A vessel or melting pot, composed of some very refractory substance, as clay, graphite, platinum, and used for melting and calcining substances which require a strong degree of heat, as metals, ores, etc.

2. A hollow place at the bottom of a furnace, to receive the melted metal.

3. A test of the most decisive kind; a severe trial; as, the crucible of affliction.

Hessian crucible (Chemistry) , a cheap, brittle, and fragile, but very refractory crucible, composed of the finest fire clay and sand, and commonly used for a single heating; -- named from the place of manufacture.

Crucible steel Cru"ci·ble steel Cast steel made by fusing in crucibles crude or scrap steel, wrought iron, and other ingredients and fluxes.

Crucifer Cru"ci·fer noun [ See Cruciferous .] (Botany) Any plant of the order Cruciferæ .

Cruciferous Cru·cif"er·ous adjective [ Latin crux , crucis , cross + -ferous : confer French crucif...re .] 1. Bearing a cross.

2. (Botany) Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a family of plants which have four petals arranged like the arms of a cross, as the mustard, radish, turnip, etc.

Crucifier Cru"ci·fi`er noun One who crucifies; one who subjects himself or another to a painful trial.

Crucifix Cru"ci·fix noun ; plural Crucifixes (-...z). [ French crucifix or LL . crucifixum , from Latin crux , crucis , cross + figere , fixum , to fix. See Cross , and Fix , and confer Crucify.] 1. A representation in art of the figure of Christ upon the cross; esp., the sculptured figure affixed to a real cross of wood, ivory, metal, or the like, used by the Roman Catholics in their devotions.

The cross, too, by degrees, become the crucifix .
Milman.

And kissing oft her crucifix ,
Unto the block she drew.
Warner.

2. The cross or religion of Christ. [ R.] Jer. Taylor.

Crucifixion Cru`ci·fix"ion noun 1. The act of nailing or fastening a person to a cross, for the purpose of putting him to death; the use of the cross as a method of capital punishment.

2. The state of one who is nailed or fastened to a cross; death upon a cross.

3. Intense suffering or affliction; painful trial.

Do ye prove
What crucifixions are in love?
Herrick.

Cruciform Cru"ci·form adjective [ Latin crux , crucis , cress + -form : confer French cruciforme .] Cross-shaped; (Botany) having four parts arranged in the form of a cross.

Crucify Cru"ci·fy transitive verb [ imperfect & past participle Crucified (-f?d); present participle & verbal noun Crucifying .] [ French crucifier , from (assumed) Late Latin crucificare , for crucifigere , fr, Latin crux , crucis , cross + figere to fix, the ending -figere being changed to -ficare , French -fier (in compounds), as if from Latin facere to do, make. See Cross , and Fix , and confer Crucifix .] 1. To fasten to a cross; to put to death by nailing the hands and feet to a cross or gibbet.

They cried, saying, Crucify him, cricify him.
Luke xxiii. 21.

2. To destroy the power or ruling influence of; to subdue completely; to mortify.

They that are Christ's have crucified the flesh, with the affections and lusts.
Gal. v. 24.

3. To vex or torment. Beau. & FL.

Crucigerous Cru·cig"er·ous adjective [ Latin crux , cricis , cross + -gerous .] Bearing the cross; marked with the figure of a cross. Sir. T. Browne.

Crud Crud noun See Curd . [ Obsolete]

Cruddle Crud"dle (-d'l) intransitive verb To curdle. [ Obsolete]

See how thy blood cruddles at this.
Bea... & FL.

Crude Crude (krud) adjective [ Compar. Cruder (-ẽr); superl. Crudest .] [ Latin crudus raw; akin to cruor blood (which flows from a wound). See Raw , and confer Cruel .] 1. In its natural state; not cooked or prepared by fire or heat; undressed; not altered, refined, or prepared for use by any artificial process; raw; as, crude flesh. "Common crude salt." Boyle.

Molding to its will each successive deposit of the crude materials.
I. Taylor.

2. Unripe; not mature or perfect; immature.

I come to pluck your berries harsh and crude .
Milton.

3. Not reduced to order or form; unfinished; not arranged or prepared; ill-considered; immature. " Crude projects." Macaulay.

Crude , undigested masses of suggestion, furnishing rather raw materials for composition.
De Quincey.

The originals of Nature in their crude
Conception.
Milton.

4. Undigested; unconcocted; not brought into a form to give nourishment. " Crude and inconcoct." Bacon.

5. Having, or displaying, superficial and undigested knowledge; without culture or profundity; as, a crude reasoner.

6. (Paint.) Harsh and offensive, as a color; tawdry or in bad taste, as a combination of colors, or any design or work of art.

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