Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

implantation
(im″plan-ta´shәn) the insertion of an organ or tissue in a new site in the body. the attachment and embedding of the blastocyst in the endometrium in pregnancy; called also nidation. the insertion or grafting into the body of biological, living, inert, or radioactive material.

implantation bleeding
that occurring at the time of implantation of the blastocyst in the decidua.

implantology
(im″plan-tol´ә-je) the science dealing with implants.

implosion
(im-plo´zhәn) see flooding.

impotence
(im´pә-tәns) inability of the male to achieve or maintain an erection of sufficient rigidity to perform sexual intercourse successfully. An impotent man may be of normal fertility, producing normal quantities of spermatozoa. Causes of impotence are usually classified as either physiological (organic im...

impregnation
(im″prәg-na´shәn) fertilization. saturation.

impressio
(im-pres´e-o) pl. impressio´nes Latin word meaning impression (def. 1); a term used in anatomy.

imprinting
(im-print´ing) a rapid kind of learning of certain species-specific behavior patterns that occurs with exposure to the proper stimulus at a critical stage of early life. genomic imprinting differential expression of a gene or genes as a function of inheritance from the male versus t...

impulse
(im´pәls) a sudden pushing force. a sudden uncontrollable determination to act. nerve impulse. cardiac impulse a heartbeat palpated over the left side of the chest at the apex of the heart. See also point of maximal impulse. nerve impulse&n...

impulse control disorders
a group of mental disorders characterized by repeated failure to resist an impulse to perform some act harmful to oneself or to others. In spite of the act's being socially unacceptable or inconsistent with the rest of the person's personality or lifestyle, he or she feels pleasure or emotional release upon doing it. Diso...

impulsion
(im-pul´shәn) blind obedience to internal drives, without regard for acceptance by others or pressure from the superego; seen in children and in adults with weak defensive organization.

impure flutter
atrial flutter in which the atrial rhythm is irregular.

IMV
intermittent mandatory ventilation.

IMViC test
[modified acronym from indole, methyl red, Voges-Proskauer, citrate] a series of metabolic tests used as standard procedure to differentiate genera of the Enterobacteriaceae. See also the individual tests.

In
indium.

in extremis
(in ek-stre´mis) Latin phrase meaning at the point of death.

in situ
(in si´tu) Latin phrase meaning in its normal place; confined to the site of origin.

in tela
(in te´lә) Latin word meaning in tissue. It is used especially of stained histologic preparations.

in utero
(in u´tәr-o) Latin phrase meaning inside the uterus.

in vitro
(in ve´tro) Latin phrase meaning within a glass. It is used of phenomena that are observable in a test tube or in an artificial environment. Contrast in vivo.

in vivo
(in ve´vo) Latin phrase meaning within the living body. It is used of phenomena that are observable in a living organism. Contrast in vitro.

inactivation
(in-ak″tĭ-va´shәn) the destruction of activity, as of a virus, by the action of heat or another agent. X-chromosome inactivation , X-inactivation lyonization.

inamrinone
(in-am´rĭ-nōn) a vasodilator and positive inotropic agent used as the lactate salt for short-term management of congestive heart failure.

inanimate
(in-an´ĭ-mәt) without life. lacking in animation.

inanition
(in″ә-nish´әn) the exhausted state due to prolonged undernutrition; starvation.

inanition fever
a transitory fever that frequently occurs in infants during the first few days of life; it is believed to be due to dehydration and is also called dehydration fever.

inappetence
(in-ap´ә-tәns) lack of appetite or desire.

inappropriate affect
affect that is incongruent with the situation or with the content of a patient's ideas or speech.

inarticulate
(in″ahr-tik´u-lәt) not having joints; disjointed. uttered so as to be unintelligible; incapable of articulate speech.

inassimilable
(in″ә-sim´ĭ-lә-bәl) not susceptible of being utilized as nutriment.

inattention
(in″ә-ten´shәn) lack of attention. selective inattention unilateral neglect. the ignoring or otherwise screening out of stimuli that are threatening, anxiety-producing, or felt to be unimportant.

inborn
(in´born) genetically determined, and present at birth; see also inborn error of metabolism. congenital.

inborn error of metabolism
a genetically determined biochemical disorder in which a specific enzyme defect produces a metabolic block that may have pathologic consequences at birth, as in phenylketonuria, or in later life.

inborn lysosomal disease
lysosomal storage disease.

inborn reflex
unconditioned response.

inbreeding
(in´brēd-ing) the mating of closely related individuals or of individuals having closely similar genetic constitutions.

incandescent
(in″cәn-des´әnt) in radiology, said of a heated filament that is emitting electrons; see also thermionic emission.

incarcerated hernia
a hernia so occluded that it cannot be returned by manipulation; it may or may not become strangulated (see strangulated hernia). Called also irreducible hernia.

incarceration
(in-kahr″sәr-a´shәn) unnatural retention or confinement of a part.

incasing cell
cover cell.

incest
(in´sest) sexual activity between persons so closely related that marriage between them is legally or culturally prohibited.

incidence
(in´sĭ-dәns) the rate at which a certain event occurs, as the number of new cases of a specific disease occurring during a certain period in a population at risk, in contrast to prevalence.

incidence rate
the risk of developing a particular disease during a given period of time; the numerator of the rate is the number of new cases during the specified time period and the denominator is the population at risk during the period. Compare prevalence rate.

incidental parasite
accidental parasite.

incineration
(in-sin″ә-ra´shәn) the act of burning to ashes.

incipient
(in-sip´e-әnt) beginning to exist; coming into existence.

incisal
(in-si´zәl) pertaining to the cutting edge of an anterior tooth.

incisal ridge
the part of the crown of an anterior tooth that makes up the actual incisal portion; see incisal surface.

incisal surface
the cutting edges of the anterior teeth, the incisors and canines, which come into contact with those of the opposite teeth during protrusive occlusion. See also occlusal surface.

incised wound
one caused by a cutting instrument.

incision
(in-sizh´әn) a cut or a wound made by a sharp instrument. the act of cutting.

incisional biopsy
biopsy of a selected portion of a lesion.

incisional hernia
an abdominal hernia at the site of a previously made incision.

incisive
(in-si´siv) having the power of cutting; sharp. pertaining to the incisor teeth.

incisive bone
the portion of the maxilla bearing the incisors; developmentally, it is the premaxilla, which in humans later fuses with the maxilla, but in most other vertebrates persists as a separate bone.

incisive canals
the small canals opening into the incisive fossa of the hard palate, transmitting the nasopalatine nerves.

incisive foramen
one of the openings of the incisive canals into the incisive fossa of the hard palate.

incisive fossa
a slight depression on the anterior surface of the maxilla above the incisor teeth.

incisive muscles of inferior lip
small bundles of muscle fibers, one arising from the incisive fossa of the mandible on each side and passing laterally to the corner of the mouth; innervation, facial nerve; action, press lower lip to teeth and alveolar arch.

incisive muscles of superior lip
small bundles of muscle fibers, one arising from the incisive fossa of the maxilla on each side and passing laterally to the corner of the mouth; innervation, facial nerve; action, press upper lip to teeth and alveolar arch.

incisive papilla
an elevation at the anterior end of the raphe of the palate.

incisor
(I) (in-si´zәr) adapted for cutting. incisor tooth; see tooth.

incisor teeth
the four teeth at the front of each jaw, two on either side of the midline; each has one long root and a sharp edge adapted for cutting. Called also incisor.

incisure
(in-si´zhәr) notch. Rivinus incisure tympanic notch. Schmidt-Lanterman incisures channels of cytoplasm appearing as oblique lines or slashes in the myelin sheath of neurons and leading back to the body of the Schwann cell. tymp...

inclination
(in″klĭ-na´shәn) a sloping or leaning; the angle of deviation from a particular line or plane of reference. pelvic inclination , inclination of pelvis the angle between the plane of the pelvic inlet and the horizontal plane.

inclusion
(in-kloo´zhәn) the act of enclosing or the condition of being enclosed. anything that is enclosed; a cell inclusion. cell inclusion a usually lifeless, often temporary, constituent in the cytoplasm of a cell. fetal inclusion a partially ...

inclusion bodies
round, oval, or irregular-shaped bodies in the cytoplasm and nuclei of cells, as in disease caused by viral infection, such as rabies, smallpox, and herpes.

inclusion complex
one in which molecules of one type are enclosed within cavities in the crystalline lattice of another substance.

inclusion conjunctivitis
a type of conjunctivitis primarily affecting newborn infants, caused by a strain of Chlamydia trachomatis, beginning as an acute purulent form and leading to papillary hypertrophy of the palpebral conjunctiva.

inclusion cyst
one formed by the inclusion of a small portion of epithelium or mesothelium within connective tissue along a line of fusion of embryonic processes. epidermal inclusion cyst.

inclusion disease
any disease in which cell inclusions are found.

incoagulability
(in″ko-ag″u-lә-bil´ĭ-te) the state of being incapable of coagulation. adj., incoag´ulable., adj.

incompatibility
(in″kәm-pat″ĭ-bil´ĭ-te) the quality of being incompatible.

incompatible
(in″kәm-pat´ĭ-bәl) not suitable for combination, simultaneous administration, or transplantation; mutually repellent.

incompetence
(in-kom´pә-tәns) insufficiency. inability to function properly. the legal status of a person determined by the court to be unable to manage his or her own affairs.

incompetent
(in-kom´pә-tәnt) not able to function properly. a person who is unable to perform the required functions of everyday living. a person determined by the courts to be unable to manage his or her own affairs.

incomplete abortion
abortion in which parts of the products of conception are retained in the uterus.

incomplete agglutinin
one that at appropriate concentrations fails to agglutinate the homologous antigen.

incomplete antibody
antibody that binds to red blood cells or bacteria but does not produce agglutination; in blood banking, the nonagglutinating antibody is detectable in serum by using the Coombs test. For example, immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-Rh antibodies do not agglutinate red blood cells in physiologic saline whereas IgM antibodies do. ...

incomplete fistula
blind fistula.

incomplete fracture
one that does not involve the complete cross section of the bone.

incomplete heart block
heart block in which at least some impulses are conducted, i.e., first or second degree heart block.

incomplete hernia
a type, usually an indirect inguinal hernia, that has not passed entirely through the defect.

incomplete protein
one in which the proportions of essential amino acids is different from that of the average body protein. Called also partial protein.

incontinence
(in-kon´tĭ-nәns) inability to control excretory functions. immoderation or excess. adj., incon´tinent., adj.

incontinentia pigmenti
(in″kon-tĭ-nen´she-ah pig-men´te) an X-linked dominant syndrome, usually lethal in utero to males, with onset at birth or soon after, characterized by hyperpigmented cutaneous lesions such as brown or gray-brown bands, whorls, swirls, or splatterlike patterns preceded by vesiculobullous and verrucous in...

incoordination
(in″ko-or″dĭ-na´shәn) lack of normal adjustment of muscular motions; failure to work harmoniously.

incorporation
(in-kor″por-a´shәn) the union of one substance with another, or with others, in a composite mass. a type of defense mechanism in which a person figuratively“ingests” the psychic representation of another person or part of a person.

increment
(in´krә-mәnt) an increase or addition; the amount by which a value or quantity is increased. adj., incremen´tal., adj.

incremental lines
lines supposedly showing the successive layers deposited in a tissue, as in the tooth enamel.

incrustation
(in″krәs-ta´shәn) the formation of a crust. a crust, scab, or scale.

incubate
(in´ku-bāt) to subject to or to undergo incubation. material that has undergone incubation.

incubation
(in″ku-ba´shәn) the provision of proper conditions for growth and development, as for bacterial or tissue cultures. the development of an infectious disease from entrance of the pathogen to appearance of clinical symptoms. the development of the embryo in the egg of oviparous animals.&n...

incubation period
the interval of time required for development; especially the time between invasion of the body by a disease-causing organism and the appearance of the first symptoms of disease.

incubator
(in´ku-ba″tәr) an apparatus for maintaining a constant and suitable temperature for the development of eggs, cultures of microorganisms, or other living cells. an apparatus for maintaining optimal conditions for growth and development in the early care of premature infants. The primary purpose ...

incudal
(ing´ku-dәl) pertaining to the incus.

incudectomy
(ing″ku-dek´tә-me) excision of the incus.

incudiform
(ing-ku´dĭ-form) anvil-shaped.

incudomalleal
(ing″ku-do-mal´e-әl) pertaining to the incus and malleus.

incudomalleolar
(ing″ku-do-mal″e-o´lәr) incudomalleal.