Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

interspinales cervicis muscles
paired bands of muscle fibers extending between spinous processes of adjacent cervical vertebrae, innervated by spinal nerves, and acting to extend the vertebral column.

interspinales lumborum muscles
paired bands of muscle fibers extending between spinous processes of adjacent lumbar vertebrae, innervated by spinal nerves, and acting to extend the vertebral column.

interspinales muscles
short bands of muscle fibers between spinous processes of contiguous vertebrae, including the interspinales cervicis, interspinales thoracis, and interspinales lumborum muscles.

interspinales thoracis muscles
paired bands of muscle fibers extending between spinous processes of adjacent thoracic vertebrae, innervated by spinal nerves, and acting to extend the vertebral column.

interstice
(in-tur´stis) an interval, space, or gap in a tissue or structure.

interstitial
(in″tәr-stish´әl) pertaining to or situated between parts or in the interstices of a tissue.

interstitial atrophy
absorption of the mineral matter of bones, so that only the reticulated portion remains.

interstitial cell tumor
Leydig cell tumor (def. 1).

interstitial cells
the cells of the connective tissue of the ovary and testis (Leydig cells), which furnish the internal secretion of those structures.

interstitial cells of Cajal
pleomorphic cells having an oval nucleus and long, branching cytoplasmic processes that interlace with processes of adjacent cells, interspersed between the circular and longitudinal muscle layers of the gastrointestinal tract and in the smooth muscle of the esophagus; they are thought to act as pacemakers.

interstitial cells of Leydig
Leydig cells (def. 1).

interstitial cystitis
a type of cystitis seen mainly in women, with the inflammatory lesion a small patch of red to brown mucosa surrounded by a network of radiating vessels, usually in the vertex and involving the entire thickness of the wall. The lesions are known as Hunner ulcers and often heal superficially so that they are difficult to de...

interstitial disease
one in which the stroma of an organ is mainly affected.

interstitial edema
edema caused by the accumulation of fluid in the extracellular spaces of a tissue. pulmonary edema in the interstitial tissues; there is dyspnea but no hypoxemia.

interstitial emphysema
the escape of air into the connective tissue of the lung, mediastinum (see pneumomediastinum), or subcutaneous tissue (see subcutaneous emphysema); it results from a tear or rupture of the respiratory passages or alveoli, which may be associated with bronchiolar obstruction or be caused by a penetrating wound of the chest wall ...

interstitial fluid
the extracellular fluid bathing most tissues, constituting the environment of body cells, excluding the fluid within the lymph and blood vessels. It is low in protein, is formed by filtration through the capillaries, and drains away as lymph.

interstitial hernia
herniation of intestine with a loop lying between two layers of the abdominal wall.

interstitial inflammation
inflammation affecting chiefly the stroma of an organ.

interstitial irradiation
see radiation therapy.

interstitial keratitis
chronic keratitis with deep deposits in the substance of the cornea, which becomes hazy with a ground-glass appearance. It usually occurs in children under age 15, associated with congenital syphilis.

interstitial myocarditis
myocarditis affecting chiefly the interstitial fibrous tissue.

interstitial nephritis
nephritis with increase of interstitial tissue and thickening of vessel walls and malpighian corpuscles; it may be due to overuse of analgesics, mercury poisoning, gout, or any of various other conditions.

interstitial pancreatitis
a type in which pancreatic microcirculation remains intact, with edema, overgrowth of connective tissue, and atrophy of glandular tissue; with treatment, this type rarely has severe complications.

interstitial plasma cell pneumonia
pneumocystis pneumonia.

interstitial pneumonia
any of various types of pneumonia characterized by thickening of the interstitial tissue. idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

interstitial pregnancy
ectopic pregnancy in that part of the uterine tube within the wall of the uterus.

interstitial radiation
energy emitted by radium, radon, or some other radiopharmaceutical inserted directly into the tissue; see also radiation therapy.

interstitial system
interstitial lamella.

interstitial tissue
connective tissue between the cellular elements of a structure.

interstitium
(in″tәr-stish´e-әm) interstice. interstitial tissue.

intertransversarii muscles
small muscles passing between the transverse processes of adjacent vertebrae, including the lateral and medial lumbar, thoracic, and anterior, lateral posterior, and medial posterior cervical intertransversarii muscles.

intertransverse
(in″tәr-trans-vәrs´) situated between or connecting the transverse processes of the vertebrae.

intertrigo
(in″tәr-tri´go) a reddish skin eruption on surfaces of the skin that touch or rub together, such as in the armpit or groin, beneath pendulous breasts, or in skin furrows; it is caused by moisture, warmth, friction, sweat retention, and infectious agents. Fungal infections, such as with Candida, may complicat...

intertrochanteric crest
a ridge on the posterior femur connecting the greater and lesser trochanters.

intertrochanteric line
one running obliquely from the greater to the lesser trochanter on the anterior surface of the femur.

intertubercular bursitis
bicipital bursitis.

intertubular
(in″tәr-too´bu-lәr) between tubules.

interureteral
(in″tәr-u-re´tәr-әl) interureteric.

interureteric
(in″tәr-u″rә-ter´ik) between the ureters.

interureteric ridge
a fold on mucous membrane extending across the bladder between the ureteric orifices.

intervaginal
(in″tәr-vaj´ĭ-nәl) between sheaths.

interval
(in´tәr-vәl) the space between two objects or parts; the lapse of time between two events.

interval operation
an operation performed during the interval between two acute attacks of a disease, as in appendicitis.

interval scale
a scale having equal numerical distances between intervals in addition to mutually exclusive categories, exhaustive categories, and rank ordering but no zero point.

intervalvular
(in″tәr-val´vu-lәr) between valves.

intervascular
(in″tәr-vas´ku-lәr) between blood vessels.

intervention
(in″tәr-ven´shәn) a procedure done in the hopes of improving health or changing the course of a disease. crisis intervention counseling or psychotherapy for patients in a life crisis that is directed at supporting the patient through the crisis and helping the p...

interventricular
(in″tәr-vәn-trik´u-lәr) between the ventricles of the heart.

interventricular block
bundle branch block.

interventricular foramen
a passage from the third to the lateral ventricle of the brain.

interventricular septum
the partition separating the right and left ventricles of the heart; called also ventricular septum.

intervertebral
(in″tәr-vur´tә-brәl) between two vertebrae.

intervertebral disk
the layer of fibrocartilage between the bodies of adjoining vertebrae; see also herniated disk.

intervertebral foramen
a passage for a spinal nerve and vessels formed by notches on the pedicles of adjacent vertebrae.

intervertebral vein
any one of the veins that drain the vertebral plexuses, passing out through the intervertebral foramina and emptying into the regional veins: in the neck, into the vertebral veins; in the thorax, into the intercostal veins; in the abdomen, into the lumbar veins; and in the pelvis, into the lateral sacral veins.

intervillous
(in″tәr-vil´әs) between or among villi.

intervillous lacuna
one of the spaces of the placenta occupied by maternal blood, into which the fetal villi project.

intervillous space
the space of the placenta into which the chorionic villi project and through which the maternal blood circulates.

intestinal
(in-tes´tĭ-nәl) pertaining to the intestine.

intestinal absorptive cell
one of the cells of the intestinal epithelium, having a brush border made up of many closely packed parallel microvilli, and believed to be associated with absorption, particularly of macromolecules.

intestinal amebiasis
amebic dysentery.

intestinal anastomosis
establishment of a communication between two formerly distant portions of the intestine.

intestinal angina
generalized cramping abdominal pain occurring shortly after a meal and persisting for one to three hours, due to ischemia of the smooth muscle of the bowel.

intestinal anthrax
gastrointestinal anthrax.

intestinal arteries
the arteries arising from the superior mesenteric artery, and supplying the intestines, including the pancreaticoduodenal, jejunal, ileal, ileocolic, and colic arteries.

intestinal bypass
surgical treatment for morbid obesity consisting of rerouting of part of the intestine so that digested food does not go through the part where absorption takes place. In the jejunoileal bypass or shunt, all but a short section of the proximal jejunum and terminal ileum is bypassed. Patients having this type of surgery must be monito...

intestinal calculus
enterolith.

intestinal diverticulum
a pouch or sac formed by hernial protrusion of the mucous membrane through a defect in the muscular coat of the intestine.

intestinal emphysema
pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis.

intestinal glands
straight tubular glands in the mucous membrane of the intestines, in the small intestine opening between the bases of the villi, and containing argentaffin cells. Called also crypts or glands of Lieberkühn.

intestinal lipodystrophy
former name for Whipple disease.

intestinal obstruction
any hindrance to the passage of the intestinal contents; the most common symptoms are abdominal pain, vomiting, and distention. . Mechanical causes include hernia, adhesions of the peritoneum, volvulus, intussusception, tumors, congenital defects, and inflammation (such as from diverticulitis). Adynamic ileus (failure of normal...

intestinal polyps
polyps in the intestines, usually found in the colon during middle age, although some infants are born with them. Multiple intestinal polyps may be a hereditary disorder. In most cases these cause no symptoms unless they become large enough to obstruct the intestine or become ulcerated and start to bleed. With large polyp...

intestinal schistosomiasis
the chronic form of either schistosomiasis mansoni or schistosomiasis japonica in which the intestinal tract is involved; it is usually asymptomatic, but some persons develop bloody diarrhea.

intestinal tract
the small intestine and large intestine considered together.

intestinal tuberculosis
tuberculosis involving the intestines, usually from spread through the bloodstream of pulmonary tuberculosis; characteristics include diarrhea, spreading ulcers (especially of lymphoid tissue), and sometimes scarring with stricture formation.

intestine
(in-tes´tin) the part of the alimentary canal extending from just below the stomach to the anus; it is a membranous tube and is divided into the small intestine and the large intestine. Called also bowel and gut. large intestine the lower part of the intestinal tract, which starts just be...

intestinointestinal reflex
when a part of the intestine becomes overdistended or its mucosa becomes excessively irritated, activity in other parts of the intestine is inhibited as long as the distention persists.

intestinum
(in″tes-ti´nәm) Latin word meaning intestine; a term used in anatomy.

intima
(in´tĭ-mә) innermost. tunica intima.

intimal
(in´tĭ-mәl) pertaining to the tunica intima.

intimitis
(in″tĭ-mi´tis) endangiitis.

intolerance
(in-tol´әr-әns) inability to withstand or consume; inability to absorb or metabolize nutrients.

intorsion
(in-tor´shәn) tilting of the upper part of the vertical meridian of the eye toward the midline of the face.

intoxication
(in-tok″sĭ-ka´shәn) stimulation, excitement, or impaired judgment caused by a chemical substance, or as if by one. substance intoxication. poisoning. alcohol intoxication a type of substance intoxication seen during or shortly after ingestion o...

intra vitam
(in´trә vi´tәm) Latin phrase meaning during life.

intra-abdominal
(in″trә-ab-dom´ĭ-nәl) within the abdomen.

intra-abdominal hernia
intraperitoneal hernia a congenital anomaly of intestinal positioning within the abdomen, with a portion of intestine protruding through a defect in the peritoneum; it can also occur because of abnormal rotation of the intestine during embryonic development, with intestine becoming trapped in a sac of peritoneum.

intra-aortic balloon pump
(IABP) a mechanical aid to the circulatory function of the heart that acts to provide internal counterpulsation; it consists of a catheter tipped with a balloon and a pump machine that inflates the balloon with either helium or carbon dioxide. The balloon is inserted via a femoral artery cutdown and guided under fluoros...

intra-arterial
(in″trә-ahr-tēr´e-әl) within an artery; called also endarterial.

intra-articular
(in″trә-ahr-tik´u-lәr) within a joint.

intra-articular disk
articular disk.

intra-atrial reentry
atrial reentry.

intra-auricular muscles
the stapedius and tensor tympani muscles.

intra-Hisian block
intrahisian block atrioventricular block located within the bundle of His.

intraarticular fracture
a fracture of the articular surface of a bone.

intracanalicular
(in″trә-kan″ә-lik´u-lәr) within canaliculi.

intracapsular
(in″trә-kap´su-lәr) within a capsule.

intracapsular ankylosis
that caused by rigidity of structures within the joint.

intracapsular fracture
one within the capsule of a joint.